PARTEA INTREAGA, PARTEA FRACTIONARA,

MODULUL UNUI NUMAR REAL

1. Partea intreaga a unui numar real

a) Definitie
[x]=k, k  Z si k < x < k + 1

b) Proprietati
Daca x, y  R, atunci:
 x − 1 < [x] < x
 [x + y] > [x] + [y]
 [x + y] = [x] + y,  y  Z
 [x] + [−x] = 0 daca x  Z si [x] + [-x] = −1 daca x  R − Z
 1  2  3  n  1
 [x] +  x  n  +  x  n  +  x  n  +…+  x  n  = [nx],  n  N, n  0

2. Partea fractionara a unui numar real

a) Definitie
Daca x  R, partea fractionara a lui x este numarul notat {x} = x − [x]

b) Proprietati
 0 < {x} < 1,  x  R
 {x} = 0  x  Z

3. Modulul unui numar real

a) Definitie
|x| = x daca x > 0 si |x| = −x daca x < 0

b) Proprietati
 |x| > 0 ,  x  R
 |x| = 0  x = 0
 |x| = |−x| ,  x  R
 |x| = |y|  x = y sau x = −y
 |x · y| > |x| · |y|,  x, y  R
x x
 y = y ,  x, y  R, y  0

 [x + y] < [x] + [y] ,  x, y  R

MODULUL UNUI NUMAR REAL

|x| > 0 , x  R
a) DEFINITIE
|x| = 0  x = 0
|x| = x daca x > 0 si |x| = −x daca x < 0
|x| = |−x| , x  R
|x| = |y|  x = y sau x = −y
b)· Py|ROPRIETATI
|x > |x| · |y|, x, y  R
= , x, y  R, y  0
|x + y| < |x| + |y| , x, y  R