Top 20 Prescription Drugs

Name: Julissa Flores Date: 09-27-18

For every drug listed below, research on a reliable website to find and fill in the information in
the chart below. Here are two websites that you can use:www.drugs.com
https://online.epocrates.com/drugs Then, create a set of virtual flashcards on www.cram.com
using the chart below.

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flashcards here.
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Side 1: Drug name as listed below
Side 2: Classification, brand name, primary and secondary purposes (what the medication is used
for), routes of administration, most common side effects, and serious adverse effects

Atorvastatin Calcium Classification: synthetic lipid-lowering agent

Brand name: LIPITOR
Primary purposes: Lowers cholesterol in your blood.
Secondary purposes: Lower the risk for heart attack, stroke in patients
who have heart disease or risk for heart disease or patients with diabetes.
Routes of administration: rapidly absorbed after oral administration
Most common side effects: Rhabdomyolysis, myopathy, liver enzyme
abnormalities, muscle pain, confusion, fever, swelling, and increased
thirst
Serious adverse effects: Don’t take it when you are pregnant, or planning
to become pregnant, or breastfeeding as t ma cause harm to the baby.
Levothyroxine Classification: Levothyroxine sodium tablets and contains crystalline
Brand name: Levo-T
Primary purposes: Hypothyroidism; replacement or supplemental
therapy in congenital or acquired hypothyroidism of any etiology
Secondary purposes: Pituitary TSH Suppression; treatment or prevention
of various types of euthyroid goiters
Routes of administration: Tablets taken orally
Most common side effects: Fatigue, increased appetite, weight loss, heat
intolerance, headaches, nervousness, anxiety, muscle weakness, increased
pulse and blood pressure, diarrhea, vomiting, and hair loss.
Serious adverse effects: Do not use for male or female infertility.
Lisinopril Classification: Angiotensin-converting enzyme
Brand name: Zestril
Primary purposes: Treat high blood pressure, congestive heart failure
Secondary purposes: Improve survival after heart attack
Routes of administration: Taken orally in a tablet form
Most common side effects: Cough, dizziness, headache, depression,
nausea, & diarrhea.
Serious adverse effects: Do not use lisinopril if you are pregnant. It
could harm the unborn baby. Stop using this medicine and tell your doctor
right away if you become pregnant. You should not use this medicine if
you have ever had angioedema.

Omeprazole Classification: Proton pump inhibitors (PPI)

Brand name: Omeclamox-Pak
Primary purposes: used to reduce the amount of acid in your stomach.
It's used to treat gastric or duodenal ulcers, gastroesophageal reflux
disease (GERD), erosive esophagitis, and hypersecretory conditions.
Secondary purposes: also used to treat stomach infections caused by
Helicobacter pylori bacteria.
Routes of administration: Taken orally in tablet or powder form
Most common side effects: headache, stomach pain, nausea, diarrhea,
vomiting, and gas.
Serious adverse effects: anemia, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia,
agranulocytosis, hemolytic anemia, hepatotoxicity, hepatitis, cholestatic
jaundice, pancreatitis
Metformin Classification: biguanides
Brand name: Glucophage, Glumetza, Glucophage XR, Fortamet
Primary purposes: control high blood sugar
Secondary purposes: Controlling high blood sugar, helps prevent kidney
damage, blindness, nerve problems, loss of limbs, and sexual function
problems.
Routes of administration: Taken orally in tablet form.
Most common side effects: physical weakness, diarrhea, gas, symptoms
of weakness, muscle pain, upper respiratory tract infection, low blood
sugar, abdominal pain, lactic acidosis, low blood levels of vitamin B-12.
Serious adverse effects: lactic acidosis, anemia, megaloblastic,
hepatotoxicity

Amlodipine Classification: calcium channel blocker

 Brand name: Norvasc
Primary purposes: treats high blood pressure and chest pain (angina).
secondary purposes: prevent certain types of chest pain (angina). It may
help to increase your ability to exercise and decrease the frequency of
angina attacks.
Routes of administration: Oral route
Most common side effects: swelling of your legs or ankles, tiredness or
extreme sleepiness, stomach pain, nausea, dizziness, hot or warm feeling
in your face, irregular heart rate, very fast heart rate.
Serious adverse effects: angina exacerbation, MI, hypotension, acute,
hepatitis, hypersensitivity rxn, erythema multiforme
Simvastatin Classification: HMG CoA reductase inhibitors
Brand name: Zocor
Primary purposes: help lower "bad" cholesterol and fats and raise
"good" cholesterol (HDL) in the blood
secondary purposes: decreases the risk of heart disease and helps
prevent strokes and heart attacks.
Routes of administration: Tablet, Suspension, Disintegrating
Most common side effects: confusion, fever, painful urination, weight
gain, muscle pain, weakness, increased hunger or thirst, or jaundice
(yellowing of the skin or eyes).
Serious adverse effects: myopathy, incl. Immune-mediated,
rhabdomyolysis, acute renal failure, hepatotoxicity, pancreatitis,
hypersensitivity rxn, anaphylaxis, photosensitivity, erythema multiforme
Hydrocodone/Acetamino Classification: analgesics (pain relievers) and antipyretics (fever
phen reducers).
Brand name: Tylenol, Paracetamol, Mapap, Panadol
Primary purposes: pain reliever and a fever reducer
Secondary purposes: headache, muscle aches, arthritis, backache,
toothaches
Routes of administration: oral and rectal route
Most common side effects: nausea, stomach pain, loss of appetite,
itching, rash, headache, dark urine,
Serious adverse effects: hypersensitivity rxn, anaphylaxis, skin rxn,
severe, hepatotoxicity, renal tubular necrosis, acute, analgesic-assoc.
nephropathy (chronic use), anemia, thrombocytopenia, hypokalemia
Metoprolol ER Classification: beta blocker, generic
Brand name: Lopressor
Primary purposes: used to treat angina (chest pain) and hypertension
 (high blood pressure).
Secondary purposes: also used to lower your risk of death or needing to
be hospitalized for heart failure.
Routes of administration: Oral route
Most common side effects: Drowsiness, dizziness, tiredness, diarrhea,
and slow heartbeat.
Serious adverse effects: CHF, bradycardia, severe, heart block,
cardiogenic shock (MI use), angina exacerbation if abrupt D/C, MI if
abrupt D/C, ventricular arrhythmia if abrupt D/C, Raynaud phenomenon,
gangrene, bronchospasm, hepatitis.
Losartan Classification: angiotensin receptor blockers
Brand name: Cozaar
Primary purposes: high blood pressure (hypertension)
secondary purposes: also used to lower the risk of strokes in patients
with high blood pressure and an enlarged heart.
Routes of administration: Tablet/oral
Most common side effects: Cough, Upper respiratory infection,
Dizziness, Headache, Nausea or stomach pain.
Serious adverse effects: angioedema, anaphylaxis, hypotension, severe,
hyperkalemia, renal impairment/failure, rhabdomyolysis, hepatitis
Azithromycin Classification: macrolide antibiotics.
Brand name: Zithromax, AzaSite, Zmax, Zithromax TRI-PAK, and
Zithromax Z-Pak
Primary purposes: It can treat various types of infections, including pink
eye (bacterial conjunctivitis).
Secondary purposes: also treats sexually transmitted diseases.
Routes of administration: Oral route
Most common side effects: diarrhea or loose stools, Nausea, abdominal
pain, stomach upset, vomiting, constipation, dizziness, tiredness.
Serious adverse effects: You should not use azithromycin if you have
ever had jaundice or liver problems when you have previously taken this
medicine.

Zolpidem Classification: sedative-hypnotics

Brand name: Ambien, Edluar, Zolpimist, Ambien CR, and Intermezzo
Primary purposes: used to treat insomnia.
Secondary purposes: may also reduce the number of times you wake up
 during the night
Routes of administration: Orally/Tablet
Most common side effects: Itching or hives, swelling in your face or
hands, swelling or tingling in your mouth or throat, chest tightness,
trouble breathing, anxiety, depression, nervousness, unusual behavior, or
thoughts of hurting yourself, memory loss, muscle weakness.
Serious adverse effects: angioedema, anaphylaxis, cholestatic jaundice,
hepatotoxicity, pancreatitis, infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis,
Stevens-Johnson syndrome, toxic epidermal necrolysis.
Hydrochlorothiazide Classification: diuretics/"water pills."
Brand name: Apo-Hydro, Aquazide, BPZide, Dichlotride, Esidrex,
Hydrochlorot, Hydrodiuril, HydroSaluric, Hypothiazid, Microzide, Oretic
Primary purposes: used to treat high blood pressure.
Secondary purposes: prevent strokes, heart attacks, and kidney
problems.
Routes of administration: Oral route
Most common side effects: Cramps and muscle weakness, Dizziness,
headache, or thirst, Stomach pain, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, or loss of
appetite, Dizziness, Blurred vision.
Serious adverse effects: hypokalemia, severe, electrolyte imbalance,
arrhythmias, cholestatic jaundice, Pancreatitis, anaphylaxis, necrotizing
angiitis, erythema multiforme, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, exfoliative
dermatitis, toxic epidermal necrolysis, photosensitivity.

Furosemide Classification: loop diuretic (water pill)

Brand name: Lasix
Primary purposes: used to treat fluid build-up due to heart failure, liver
scarring, or kidney disease.
Secondary purposes: This drug is also used to treat high blood pressure.
Routes of administration: Oral route
Most common side effects: nausea or vomiting, diarrhea, constipation,
stomach cramping, dizziness, headache, blurred vision.
Serious adverse effects: dry mouth, feeling of thirst, weakness,
drowsiness, restlessness, muscle pains or cramps, urinating less, fast or
abnormal heartbeat, severe nausea or vomiting
Metoprolol Classification: beta blockers.
Brand name: Metoprolol Tartrate, Metoprolol Succinate ER, Toprol-XL,
Lopressor.
Primary purposes: to treat high blood pressure (hypertension).
 Secondary purposes: also used to treat chest pain (angina) and to
improve survival after a heart attack.
Routes of administration: oral route
Most common side effects: Dizziness or lightheadedness, Tiredness,
Depression, Nausea, Dry mouth, Stomach pain, Vomiting, Gas or
bloating.
Serious adverse effects: bradycardia, severe, heart block, cardiogenic
shock (MI use), angina exacerbation if abrupt D/C, MI if abrupt D/C,
ventricular arrhythmia if abrupt D/C, Raynaud phenomenon, gangrene,
bronchospasm
Pantoprazole Classification: proton pump inhibitors (PPIs)
Brand name: Protonix
Primary purposes: It helps treat painful symptoms caused by conditions
such as gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD).
Secondary purposes: also used to treat other conditions in which the
stomach makes excess acid, such as Zollinger-Ellison syndrome.
Routes of administration: Oral route/Tablet
Most common side effects: headache, diarrhea, stomach pain, nausea or
vomiting, gas, dizziness, joint pain
Serious adverse effects: hypersensitivity rxn, anaphylaxis, erythema
multiforme, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, toxic epidermal necrolysis,
interstitial nephritis, renal impairment, pancreatitis.
Gabapentin Classification: GABA analogue
Brand name: Neurontin, Gralise, Horizant, SmartRx Gaba-V Kit, Gralise
30-Day Starter Pack, and Neuraptine.
Primary purposes: treats seizures and pain caused by shingles.
Secondary purposes: also used to relieve nerve pain following shingles
in adults.
Routes of administration: Oral route
Most common side effects: dizziness, tiredness, loss of coordination,
fever, jerky movements, nausea and vomiting, trouble speaking.
Serious adverse effects: depression, suicidality, erythema multiforme,
Stevens-Johnson syndrome, drug rxn w/ eosinophilia and systemic sx,
anaphylaxis, angioedema.
Amoxicillin Classification: penicillin-like antibiotics
Brand name: Amoxil
Primary purposes: fights bacteria in your body
Secondary purposes: used to treat many types of infections caused by
bacteria, such as ear infections, bladder infections, pneumonia, gonorrhea,
 and E. coli or salmonella infection.
Routes of administration: Orally administration
Most common side effects: nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, stomach pain,
vaginal itching or discharge, headache,rash, and, swollen, black, or
"hairy" tongue.
Serious adverse effects: anaphylaxis, hypersensitivity rxn, immediate or
delayed, serum sickness-like rxn, erythema multiforme, exfoliative
dermatitis, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, toxic epidermal necrolysis, acute
generalized exanthematous pustulosis, hypersensitivity vasculitis

Prednisone Classification: corticosteroids.

Brand name: Deltasone
Primary purposes: Prednisone is used to treat conditions such as
arthritis, blood disorders, breathing problems, severe allergies, skin
diseases, cancer.
Secondary purposes: eye problems, and immune system disorders.
Routes of administration: tablets; oral solution; oral solution,
concentrate
Most common side effects: Aggression, agitation, blurred vision,
decrease in the amount of urine, dizziness, fast, slow, pounding, or
irregular heartbeat or pulse, headache, irritability, mood changes, noisy,
rattling breathing.
Serious adverse effects: anaphylaxis, adrenal insufficiency, steroid
psychosis, steroid myopathy, Cushing syndrome, infection, diabetes
mellitus, pseudotumor cerebri, ICP incr., seizures, hypokalemic alkalosis,
HTN, CHF, pancreatitis, GI perforation, PUD
Sertraline Classification: selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)
Brand name: fluoxetine (Prozac, Sarafem) paroxetine (Brisdelle, Paxil,
Paxil CR, Pexeva)
Primary purposes: used to treat depression, panic attacks, obsessive
compulsive disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder, social anxiety
disorder(social phobia), and a severe form of premenstrual syndrome
(premenstrual dysphoric disorder).
Secondary purposes: This medication may improve your mood, sleep,
appetite, and energy level and may help restore your interest in daily
living.
Routes of administration: oral tablets or local tissue injection
Most common side effects: drowsiness, tiredness, feeling anxious or
agitated; indigestion, nausea, diarrhea, loss of appetite; sweating; tremors
or shaking; sleep problems (insomnia); or, decreased sex drive,
impotence, or difficulty having an orgasm.
Serious adverse effects: suicidality, depression exacerbation,
hypomania/mania, serotonin syndrome, abnormal bleeding/altered platelet
fxn, anaphylaxis/anaphylactoid rxn, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, toxic
epidermal necrolysis, glaucoma, angle-closure, seizures, hyponatremia,
SIADH, hypoglycemia.