10C

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Project data
Project name
Project number
Author
Description
Date 21.09.2018
Design code EN
Material
Steel S 275, S 355, S 235
Concrete C25/30, C30/37
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Project item 10-Connection
Design
Name 10-Connection
Description
Analysis Stress, strain/ simplified loading
Beams and columns

β – Direction γ - Pitch α - Rotation Offset ex Offset ey Offset ez
Name Cross-section
[°] [°] [°] [mm] [mm] [mm]
C 4 - General 0.0 -90.0 0.0 0 0 0
B 21 - HEA600 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0
Cross-sections
Name Material
4 - General S 355, S 355, S 355
21 - HEA600 S 355
Bolts
Diameter fu Gross area
Name Bolt assembly
[mm] [MPa] [mm2]
M30 10.9 M30 10.9 30 1000.0 707
Load effects (equilibrium not required)

X N Vy Vz Mx My Mz
Name Member Pos.
[mm] [kN] [kN] [kN] [kNm] [kNm] [kNm]
LE1 B End 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1019.6 0.0
Check
Summary
Name Value Check status
Analysis 100.0% OK
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Name Value Check status

Plates 4.9 < 5% OK
Bolts 119.5 > 100% Not OK!
Welds 99.9 < 100% OK
Buckling Not calculated
Plates
Thickness σEd εPl
Name Material Loads Check status
[mm] [MPa] [1e-4]
C-bfl 1 S 355 25.0 LE1 365.3 489.7 OK
C-tfl 1 S 355 25.0 LE1 84.2 0.0 OK
C-w 1 S 355 13.0 LE1 329.0 1.2 OK
C-tfl 2 S 355 25.0 LE1 17.5 0.0 OK
C-w 2 S 355 13.0 LE1 70.5 0.0 OK
C-tfl 3 S 355 25.0 LE1 17.5 0.0 OK
C-w 3 S 355 13.0 LE1 69.9 0.0 OK
B-bfl 1 S 355 25.0 LE1 334.2 0.0 OK
B-tfl 1 S 355 25.0 LE1 330.9 0.0 OK
B-w 1 S 355 13.0 LE1 355.4 19.5 OK
EP1 S 235 30.0 LE1 236.6 74.7 OK
WID1 S 235 10.0 LE1 239.5 213.9 OK
WID1 S 235 10.0 LE1 239.3 205.2 OK
STIFF3a S 235 10.0 LE1 140.9 0.0 OK
STIFF3b S 235 10.0 LE1 140.9 0.0 OK
Design data
fy εlim
Material
[MPa] [1e-4]
S 355 355.0 500.0
S 235 235.0 500.0
Overall check, LE1
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Strain check, LE1
Equivalent stress, LE1
Bolts
Ft,Ed V Utt Fb,Rd Uts Utts
Name Loads Status
[kN] [kN] [%] [kN] [%] [%]
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Ft,Ed V Utt Fb,Rd Uts Utts

Name Loads Status
[kN] [kN] [%] [kN] [%] [%]
B1 LE1 482.6 33.7 119.5 505.6 15.0 100.3 Not OK!
B2 LE1 482.8 33.7 119.5 506.2 15.0 100.4 Not OK!
B3 LE1 435.3 40.3 107.8 648.0 17.9 94.9 Not OK!
B4 LE1 435.4 40.1 107.8 648.0 17.9 94.9 Not OK!
B5 LE1 10.8 21.2 2.7 423.2 9.4 11.3 OK
B6 LE1 9.5 21.0 2.3 423.8 9.4 11.0 OK
B7 LE1 0.0 47.2 0.0 648.0 21.0 21.0 OK
B8 LE1 0.0 47.3 0.0 648.0 21.1 21.1 OK
Design data
Ft,Rd Bp,Rd Fv,Rd

Name
[kN] [kN] [kN]
M30 10.9 - 1 403.9 858.0 224.4
Detailed result for B1

Fv,Ed Ft,Ed
Utts = Fv,Rd + 1.4Ft,Rd = 100.3 %
Ft,Ed
Utt = min(Ft,Rd ;Bp,Rd ) = 119.5 %
VEd
Uts = min(Fv,Rd ;Fb,Rd ) = 15.0 %
k2 fub As
Ft,Rd = γM2 = 403.9 kN
where:
k2 = 0.90 Factor
fub = 1000.0 MPa Ultimate tensile strength of the bolt
As = 561 mm2 Tensile stress area of the bolt
γM2 = 1.25 Safety factor
0.6πdm tp fu
Bp,Rd = γM2 = 858.0 kN
where:
dm = 53 mm The mean of the across points and across flats dimensions of the bolt head or the nut, whichever is smaller
tp = 30 mm Thickness
fu = 360.0 MPa Ultimate strength
βp αv fub A
Fv,Rd = γM2 = 224.4 kN
where:
βp = 1.00
αv = 0.50
A = 561 mm 2
Tensile stress area of the bolt
k1 ab fu dt
Fb,Rd = γM2 = 505.6 kN
where:
k1 = 2.50
ab = 0.69 Factor
d = 30 mm Nominal diameter of the fastener

t = 25 mm Thickness
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Fv,Ed Ft,Ed
Utts = Fv,Rd + 1.4Ft,Rd = 100.4 %
Ft,Ed
VEd
k2 fub As
Ft,Rd = γM2 = 403.9 kN
where:
k2 = 0.90 Factor
0.6πdm tp fu
Bp,Rd = γM2 = 858.0 kN
where:
βp αv fub A
Fv,Rd = γM2 = 224.4 kN
where:
βp = 1.00
αv = 0.50
A = 561 mm 2
k1 ab fu dt
Fb,Rd = γM2 = 506.2 kN
where:
k1 = 2.50
ab = 0.69 Factor

t = 25 mm Thickness

Fv,Ed Ft,Ed
Utts = Fv,Rd + 1.4Ft,Rd = 94.9 %
Ft,Ed
VEd
k2 fub As
Ft,Rd = γM2 = 403.9 kN
where:
k2 = 0.90 Factor
As = 561 mm 2
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0.6πdm tp fu
Bp,Rd = γM2 = 858.0 kN
where:
βp αv fub A
Fv,Rd = γM2 = 224.4 kN
where:
βp = 1.00
αv = 0.50
A = 561 mm 2
k1 ab fu dt
Fb,Rd = γM2 = 648.0 kN
where:
k1 = 2.50
ab = 1.00 Factor

t = 30 mm Thickness

Fv,Ed Ft,Ed
Utts = Fv,Rd + 1.4Ft,Rd = 94.9 %
Ft,Ed
VEd
k2 fub As
Ft,Rd = γM2 = 403.9 kN
where:
k2 = 0.90 Factor
As = 561 mm 2
0.6πdm tp fu
Bp,Rd = γM2 = 858.0 kN
where:
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βp αv fub A
Fv,Rd = γM2 = 224.4 kN
where:
βp = 1.00
αv = 0.50
A = 561 mm 2
k1 ab fu dt
Fb,Rd = γM2 = 648.0 kN
where:
k1 = 2.50
ab = 1.00 Factor

t = 30 mm Thickness

Fv,Ed Ft,Ed
Utts = Fv,Rd + 1.4Ft,Rd = 11.3 %
Ft,Ed
VEd
k2 fub As
Ft,Rd = γM2 = 403.9 kN
where:
k2 = 0.90 Factor
As = 561 mm 2
0.6πdm tp fu
Bp,Rd = γM2 = 858.0 kN
where:
βp αv fub A
Fv,Rd = γM2 = 224.4 kN
where:
βp = 1.00
αv = 0.50
A = 561 mm 2
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k1 ab fu dt
Fb,Rd = γM2 = 423.2 kN
where:
k1 = 2.50
ab = 0.65 Factor

t = 30 mm Thickness

Fv,Ed Ft,Ed
Utts = Fv,Rd + 1.4Ft,Rd = 11.0 %
Ft,Ed
VEd
k2 fub As
Ft,Rd = γM2 = 403.9 kN
where:
k2 = 0.90 Factor
As = 561 mm 2
0.6πdm tp fu
Bp,Rd = γM2 = 858.0 kN
where:
βp αv fub A
Fv,Rd = γM2 = 224.4 kN
where:
βp = 1.00
αv = 0.50
A = 561 mm 2
k1 ab fu dt
Fb,Rd = γM2 = 423.8 kN
where:
k1 = 2.50
ab = 0.65 Factor

t = 30 mm Thickness

Fv,Ed Ft,Ed
Utts = Fv,Rd + 1.4Ft,Rd = 21.0 %
Ft,Ed
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VEd
k2 fub As
Ft,Rd = γM2 = 403.9 kN
where:
k2 = 0.90 Factor
As = 561 mm 2
0.6πdm tp fu
Bp,Rd = γM2 = 858.0 kN
where:
βp αv fub A
Fv,Rd = γM2 = 224.4 kN
where:
βp = 1.00
αv = 0.50
A = 561 mm2 Tensile stress area of the bolt
k1 ab fu dt
Fb,Rd = γM2 = 648.0 kN
where:
k1 = 2.50
ab = 1.00 Factor

t = 30 mm Thickness

Fv,Ed Ft,Ed
Utts = Fv,Rd + 1.4Ft,Rd = 21.1 %
Ft,Ed
VEd
k2 fub As
Ft,Rd = γM2 = 403.9 kN
where:
k2 = 0.90 Factor
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0.6πdm tp fu
Bp,Rd = γM2 = 858.0 kN
where:
βp αv fub A
Fv,Rd = γM2 = 224.4 kN
where:
βp = 1.00
αv = 0.50
A = 561 mm 2
k1 ab fu dt
Fb,Rd = γM2 = 648.0 kN
where:
k1 = 2.50
ab = 1.00 Factor

t = 30 mm Thickness
Welds (Plastic redistribution)

Throat th. Length σw,Ed εPl σ⏊ τ|| τ⏊ Ut Utc
Item Edge Loads Status
[mm] [mm] [MPa] [%] [MPa] [MPa] [MPa] [%] [%]
EP1 B-bfl 1 ◢8.0◣ 300 LE1 289.3 0.0 -23.2 60.8 -155.0 80.4 71.6 OK
◢8.0◣ 300 LE1 355.1 1.6 -186.7 -4.4 174.4 98.7 98.4 OK
EP1 B-tfl 1 ◢8.0◣ 300 LE1 353.1 0.2 -206.3 -23.1 -163.8 98.1 68.2 OK
◢8.0◣ 300 LE1 357.2 3.0 180.7 16.9 -177.1 99.2 98.8 OK
EP1 B-w 1 ◢8.0◣ 565 LE1 355.3 1.8 171.3 61.5 168.9 98.7 80.0 OK
◢8.0◣ 565 LE1 355.3 1.8 167.6 -61.6 -170.1 98.7 80.0 OK
EP1 WID1 ◢6.0◣ 360 LE1 353.5 0.5 -175.5 28.7 -174.8 98.2 75.0 OK
◢6.0◣ 360 LE1 353.5 0.5 -174.6 -28.2 175.2 98.2 75.1 OK
B-bfl 1 WID1 ◢6.0◣ 540 LE1 239.3 0.0 -36.9 -131.4 -36.8 66.5 52.4 OK
◢6.0◣ 540 LE1 239.3 0.0 -36.8 131.4 36.8 66.5 52.4 OK
WID1 WID1 ◢6.0◣ 649 LE1 230.1 0.0 2.0 -132.8 0.6 63.9 25.4 OK
◢6.0◣ 649 LE1 231.3 0.0 2.1 133.5 -3.5 64.2 25.5 OK
EP1 WID1 ◢6.0◣ 300 LE1 359.8 4.9 -115.6 -15.1 -196.1 99.9 99.3 OK
◢6.0◣ 300 LE1 354.8 1.4 -233.3 118.8 98.4 98.5 85.5 OK
B-bfl 1 WID1 ◢6.0◣ 300 LE1 354.3 1.0 -87.6 45.6 -192.9 98.4 98.2 OK
◢6.0◣ 300 LE1 344.5 0.0 -252.0 -122.0 59.1 97.2 66.7 OK
B-bfl 1 STIFF3a ◢5.0◣ 116 LE1 164.9 0.0 -92.0 26.1 -74.6 45.8 43.3 OK
◢5.0◣ 116 LE1 155.1 0.0 -63.6 -11.0 80.9 43.1 35.7 OK
B-w 1 STIFF3a ◢5.0◣ 486 LE1 110.0 0.0 -33.8 -52.6 -29.8 30.6 10.3 OK
◢5.0◣ 486 LE1 99.3 0.0 -17.3 52.2 21.3 27.6 9.6 OK
B-tfl 1 STIFF3a ◢5.0◣ 116 LE1 73.0 0.0 -17.5 36.0 -19.6 20.3 16.7 OK
◢5.0◣ 116 LE1 94.5 0.0 -38.1 -34.6 36.0 26.3 20.1 OK
B-bfl 1 STIFF3b ◢5.0◣ 117 LE1 155.1 0.0 -63.6 11.0 -80.9 43.1 35.7 OK
◢5.0◣ 117 LE1 164.9 0.0 -92.1 -26.1 74.6 45.8 43.4 OK
B-w 1 STIFF3b ◢5.0◣ 486 LE1 99.2 0.0 -17.3 -52.2 -21.3 27.6 9.6 OK
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Throat th. Length σw,Ed εPl σ⏊ τ|| τ⏊ Ut Utc

Item Edge Loads Status
[mm] [mm] [MPa] [%] [MPa] [MPa] [MPa] [%] [%]
◢5.0◣ 486 LE1 110.0 0.0 -33.9 52.5 29.9 30.6 10.3 OK
B-tfl 1 STIFF3b ◢5.0◣ 117 LE1 94.7 0.0 -38.1 34.6 -36.2 26.3 20.2 OK
◢5.0◣ 117 LE1 73.1 0.0 -17.5 -36.1 19.4 20.3 16.7 OK
Design data
βw σw,Rd 0.9 σ
[-] [MPa] [MPa]
S 235 0.80 360.0 259.2
Detailed result for EP1 B-bfl 1

σ ∣σ ∣
UT = max( σw,Ed ; ⊥ ) = 80.4 %
w,Rd σ⊥,Rd
2
σw,Ed = [σ⊥ + 3(τ⊥2 + τ∥2 )]0.5 = 289.3 MPa
σw,Rd = fu /(βw γM2 ) = 360.0 MPa
σ⊥,Rd = 0.9fu /γM2 = 259.2 MPa
where:
σ ∣σ ∣
UT = max( σw,Ed ; ⊥ ) = 98.7 %
w,Rd σ⊥,Rd
σw,Ed = [σ⊥ + 3(τ⊥2 + τ∥2 )]0.5 = 355.1 MPa

2
σw,Rd = fu /(βw γM2 ) = 360.0 MPa

σ⊥,Rd = 0.9fu /γM2 = 259.2 MPa
where:
Detailed result for EP1 B-tfl 1

σ ∣σ ∣
UT = max( σw,Ed ; ⊥ ) = 98.1 %
w,Rd σ⊥,Rd
σw,Ed = [σ⊥ + 3(τ⊥2 + τ∥2 )]0.5 = 353.1 MPa

2
σw,Rd = fu /(βw γM2 ) = 360.0 MPa

σ⊥,Rd = 0.9fu /γM2 = 259.2 MPa
where:
σ ∣σ ∣
UT = max( σw,Ed ; ⊥ ) = 99.2 %
w,Rd σ⊥,Rd
2
σw,Ed = [σ⊥ + 3(τ⊥2 + τ∥2 )]0.5 = 357.2 MPa
σw,Rd = fu /(βw γM2 ) = 360.0 MPa
σ⊥,Rd = 0.9fu /γM2 = 259.2 MPa
where:
Detailed result for EP1 B-w 1

σ ∣σ ∣
UT = max( σw,Ed ; ⊥ ) = 98.7 %
w,Rd σ⊥,Rd
σw,Ed = [σ⊥ + 3(τ⊥2 + τ∥2 )]0.5 = 355.3 MPa

2
σw,Rd = fu /(βw γM2 ) = 360.0 MPa

σ⊥,Rd = 0.9fu /γM2 = 259.2 MPa
where:
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σ ∣σ ∣
UT = max( σw,Ed ; ⊥ ) = 98.7 %
w,Rd σ⊥,Rd
σw,Ed = [σ⊥ + 3(τ⊥2 + τ∥2 )]0.5 = 355.3 MPa

2
σw,Rd = fu /(βw γM2 ) = 360.0 MPa

σ⊥,Rd = 0.9fu /γM2 = 259.2 MPa
where:
Detailed result for EP1 WID1

σ ∣σ ∣
UT = max( σw,Ed ; ⊥ ) = 98.2 %
w,Rd σ⊥,Rd
σw,Ed = [σ⊥ + 3(τ⊥2 + τ∥2 )]0.5 = 353.5 MPa

2
σw,Rd = fu /(βw γM2 ) = 360.0 MPa

σ⊥,Rd = 0.9fu /γM2 = 259.2 MPa
where:
σ ∣σ ∣
UT = max( σw,Ed ; ⊥ ) = 98.2 %
w,Rd σ⊥,Rd
2
σw,Ed = [σ⊥ + 3(τ⊥2 + τ∥2 )]0.5 = 353.5 MPa
σw,Rd = fu /(βw γM2 ) = 360.0 MPa
σ⊥,Rd = 0.9fu /γM2 = 259.2 MPa
where:
Detailed result for B-bfl 1 WID1

σ ∣σ ∣
UT = max( σw,Ed ; ⊥ ) = 66.5 %
w,Rd σ⊥,Rd
σw,Ed = [σ⊥ + 3(τ⊥2 + τ∥2 )]0.5 = 239.3 MPa

2
σw,Rd = fu /(βw γM2 ) = 360.0 MPa

σ⊥,Rd = 0.9fu /γM2 = 259.2 MPa
where:
σ ∣σ ∣
UT = max( σw,Ed ; ⊥ ) = 66.5 %
w,Rd σ⊥,Rd
σw,Ed = [σ⊥ + 3(τ⊥2 + τ∥2 )]0.5 = 239.3 MPa

2
σw,Rd = fu /(βw γM2 ) = 360.0 MPa

σ⊥,Rd = 0.9fu /γM2 = 259.2 MPa
where:
Detailed result for WID1 WID1

σ ∣σ ∣
UT = max( σw,Ed ; ⊥ ) = 63.9 %
w,Rd σ⊥,Rd
σw,Ed = [σ⊥ + 3(τ⊥2 + τ∥2 )]0.5 = 230.1 MPa

2
σw,Rd = fu /(βw γM2 ) = 360.0 MPa

σ⊥,Rd = 0.9fu /γM2 = 259.2 MPa
where:
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σ ∣σ ∣
UT = max( σw,Ed ; ⊥ ) = 64.2 %
w,Rd σ⊥,Rd
σw,Ed = [σ⊥ + 3(τ⊥2 + τ∥2 )]0.5 = 231.3 MPa

2
σw,Rd = fu /(βw γM2 ) = 360.0 MPa

σ⊥,Rd = 0.9fu /γM2 = 259.2 MPa
where:
Detailed result for EP1 WID1

σ ∣σ ∣
UT = max( σw,Ed ; ⊥ ) = 99.9 %
w,Rd σ⊥,Rd
σw,Ed = [σ⊥ + 3(τ⊥2 + τ∥2 )]0.5 = 359.8 MPa

2
σw,Rd = fu /(βw γM2 ) = 360.0 MPa

σ⊥,Rd = 0.9fu /γM2 = 259.2 MPa
where:
σ ∣σ ∣
UT = max( σw,Ed ; ⊥ ) = 98.5 %
w,Rd σ⊥,Rd
2
σw,Ed = [σ⊥ + 3(τ⊥2 + τ∥2 )]0.5 = 354.8 MPa
σw,Rd = fu /(βw γM2 ) = 360.0 MPa
σ⊥,Rd = 0.9fu /γM2 = 259.2 MPa
where:
Detailed result for B-bfl 1 WID1

σ ∣σ ∣
UT = max( σw,Ed ; ⊥ ) = 98.4 %
w,Rd σ⊥,Rd
σw,Ed = [σ⊥ + 3(τ⊥2 + τ∥2 )]0.5 = 354.3 MPa

2
σw,Rd = fu /(βw γM2 ) = 360.0 MPa

σ⊥,Rd = 0.9fu /γM2 = 259.2 MPa
where:
σ ∣σ ∣
UT = max( σw,Ed ; ⊥ ) = 97.2 %
w,Rd σ⊥,Rd
σw,Ed = [σ⊥ + 3(τ⊥2 + τ∥2 )]0.5 = 344.5 MPa

2
σw,Rd = fu /(βw γM2 ) = 360.0 MPa

σ⊥,Rd = 0.9fu /γM2 = 259.2 MPa
where:
Detailed result for B-bfl 1 STIFF3a

σ ∣σ ∣
UT = max( σw,Ed ; ⊥ ) = 45.8 %
w,Rd σ⊥,Rd
σw,Ed = [σ⊥ + 3(τ⊥2 + τ∥2 )]0.5 = 164.9 MPa

2
σw,Rd = fu /(βw γM2 ) = 360.0 MPa

σ⊥,Rd = 0.9fu /γM2 = 259.2 MPa
where:
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σ ∣σ ∣
UT = max( σw,Ed ; ⊥ ) = 43.1 %
w,Rd σ⊥,Rd
σw,Ed = [σ⊥ + 3(τ⊥2 + τ∥2 )]0.5 = 155.1 MPa

2
σw,Rd = fu /(βw γM2 ) = 360.0 MPa

σ⊥,Rd = 0.9fu /γM2 = 259.2 MPa
where:
Detailed result for B-w 1 STIFF3a

σ ∣σ ∣
UT = max( σw,Ed ; ⊥ ) = 30.6 %
w,Rd σ⊥,Rd
σw,Ed = [σ⊥ + 3(τ⊥2 + τ∥2 )]0.5 = 110.0 MPa

2
σw,Rd = fu /(βw γM2 ) = 360.0 MPa

σ⊥,Rd = 0.9fu /γM2 = 259.2 MPa
where:
σ ∣σ ∣
UT = max( σw,Ed ; ⊥ ) = 27.6 %
w,Rd σ⊥,Rd
2
σw,Ed = [σ⊥ + 3(τ⊥2 + τ∥2 )]0.5 = 99.3 MPa
σw,Rd = fu /(βw γM2 ) = 360.0 MPa
σ⊥,Rd = 0.9fu /γM2 = 259.2 MPa
where:
Detailed result for B-tfl 1 STIFF3a

σ ∣σ ∣
UT = max( σw,Ed ; ⊥ ) = 20.3 %
w,Rd σ⊥,Rd
σw,Ed = [σ⊥ + 3(τ⊥2 + τ∥2 )]0.5 = 73.0 MPa

2
σw,Rd = fu /(βw γM2 ) = 360.0 MPa

σ⊥,Rd = 0.9fu /γM2 = 259.2 MPa
where:
σ ∣σ ∣
UT = max( σw,Ed ; ⊥ ) = 26.3 %
w,Rd σ⊥,Rd
σw,Ed = [σ⊥ + 3(τ⊥2 + τ∥2 )]0.5 = 94.5 MPa

2
σw,Rd = fu /(βw γM2 ) = 360.0 MPa

σ⊥,Rd = 0.9fu /γM2 = 259.2 MPa
where:
Detailed result for B-bfl 1 STIFF3b

σ ∣σ ∣
UT = max( σw,Ed ; ⊥ ) = 43.1 %
w,Rd σ⊥,Rd
σw,Ed = [σ⊥ + 3(τ⊥2 + τ∥2 )]0.5 = 155.1 MPa

2
σw,Rd = fu /(βw γM2 ) = 360.0 MPa

σ⊥,Rd = 0.9fu /γM2 = 259.2 MPa
where:
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σ ∣σ ∣
UT = max( σw,Ed ; ⊥ ) = 45.8 %
w,Rd σ⊥,Rd
σw,Ed = [σ⊥ + 3(τ⊥2 + τ∥2 )]0.5 = 164.9 MPa

2
σw,Rd = fu /(βw γM2 ) = 360.0 MPa

σ⊥,Rd = 0.9fu /γM2 = 259.2 MPa
where:
Detailed result for B-w 1 STIFF3b

σ ∣σ ∣
UT = max( σw,Ed ; ⊥ ) = 27.6 %
w,Rd σ⊥,Rd
σw,Ed = [σ⊥ + 3(τ⊥2 + τ∥2 )]0.5 = 99.2 MPa

2
σw,Rd = fu /(βw γM2 ) = 360.0 MPa

σ⊥,Rd = 0.9fu /γM2 = 259.2 MPa
where:
σ ∣σ ∣
UT = max( σw,Ed ; ⊥ ) = 30.6 %
w,Rd σ⊥,Rd
2
σw,Ed = [σ⊥ + 3(τ⊥2 + τ∥2 )]0.5 = 110.0 MPa
σw,Rd = fu /(βw γM2 ) = 360.0 MPa
σ⊥,Rd = 0.9fu /γM2 = 259.2 MPa
where:
Detailed result for B-tfl 1 STIFF3b

σ ∣σ ∣
UT = max( σw,Ed ; ⊥ ) = 26.3 %
w,Rd σ⊥,Rd
σw,Ed = [σ⊥ + 3(τ⊥2 + τ∥2 )]0.5 = 94.7 MPa

2
σw,Rd = fu /(βw γM2 ) = 360.0 MPa

σ⊥,Rd = 0.9fu /γM2 = 259.2 MPa
where:
σ ∣σ ∣
UT = max( σw,Ed ; ⊥ ) = 20.3 %
w,Rd σ⊥,Rd
σw,Ed = [σ⊥ + 3(τ⊥2 + τ∥2 )]0.5 = 73.1 MPa

2
σw,Rd = fu /(βw γM2 ) = 360.0 MPa

σ⊥,Rd = 0.9fu /γM2 = 259.2 MPa
where:
Buckling
Buckling analysis was not calculated.
Symbol explanation
Symbol Symbol explanation
εPl Strain
σEd Eq. stress
Ft,Rd Bolt tension resistance EN 1993-1-8 tab. 3.4
Bp,Rd Punching shear resistance
Ft,Ed Tension force
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Symbol Symbol explanation

V Resultant of shear forces Vy, Vz in bolt.
Fv,Rd Bolt shear resistance EN_1993-1-8 table 3.4
Fb,Rd Plate bearing resistance EN 1993-1-8 tab. 3.4
Utt Utilization in tension
Uts Utilization in shear
Utts Utilization in tension and shear EN 1993-1-8 table 3.4
σw,Ed Equivalent stress
σw,Rd Equivalent stress resistance
σ⏊ Perpendicular stress
τ|| Shear stress parallel to weld axis
τ⏊ Shear stress perpendicular to weld axis
0.9 σw,Rd Perpendicular stress resistance - 0.9*fu/γM2
βw Corelation factor EN 1993-1-8 tab. 4.1
Ut Utilization
Utc Weld capacity utilization
Code settings
Item Value Unit Reference
γM0 1.00 - EN 1993-1-1: 6.1
γM1 1.00 - EN 1993-1-1: 6.1
γM2 1.25 - EN 1993-1-1: 6.1
γM3 1.25 - EN 1993-1-8: 2.2
γC 1.50 - EN 1992-1-1: 2.4.2.4
γInst 1.20 - ETAG 001-C: 3.2.1
Joint coefficient βj 0.67 - EN 1993-1-8: 6.2.5
Effective area - influence of mesh size 0.10 -
Friction coefficient - concrete 0.25 - EN 1993-1-8
Friction coefficient in slip-resistance 0.30 - EN 1993-1-8 tab 3.7
Limit plastic strain 0.05 - EN 1993-1-5
Weld stress evaluation Plastic redistribution
Detailing No
Distance between bolts [d] 2.20 - EN 1993-1-8: tab 3.3
Distance between bolts and edge [d] 1.20 - EN 1993-1-8: tab 3.3
Concrete cone breakout resistance Yes ETAG 001-C
Use calculated αb in bearing check. Yes EN 1993-1-8: tab 3.4
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Theoretical Background
CBFEM versus Components method
The weak point of standard Component method is in analyzing of internal forces and stress in a joint. CBFEM replaces specific analysis of
internal forces in joint with general FEA.
Check methods of specific components like bolts or welds are done according to standard Component method (Eurocode).
For the fasteners – bolts and welds – special FEM components had to be developed to model the welds and bolts behaviour in joint. All parts
of 1D members and all additional plates are modelled as plate/walls. These elements are made of steel (metal in general) and the behaviour
of this material is significantly nonlinear.
The real stress-strain diagram of steel is replaced by the ideal plastic material for design purposes in building practice. The advantage of
ideal plastic material is, that only yield strength and modulus of elasticity must be known to describe the material curve. The granted ductility
of construction steel is 15 %. The real usable value of limit plastic strain is 5% for ordinary design (1993-1-5 appendix C paragraph C.8 note
1).
The stress in steel cannot exceed the yield strength when using the ideal elastic-plastic stress-strain diagram.
Real tension curve and the ideal elastic-plastic diagram of material
CBFEM method tries to create to model the real state precisely. The analysis plate/walls are not interconnected, no intersections are
generated between them, unlike it is used to when modelling structures and buildings. Mesh of finite elements is generated on each
individual plate independently on mesh of other plates.
Welds are modelled as special massless force interpolation constraints, which ensure the connection between the edge of one plate and the
surface or edge of the other plate. Using plastic distribution, solid elements with elastic-plastic material diagram with respect to weld throat
thickness, position and orientation are inserted between interpolation links. Yielding of welds allows for redistribution of peak stresses along
the weld length.
This unique calculation model provides very good results – both for the point of view of precision and of the analysis speed. The method is
protected by patent.
The steel base plate is placed loosely on the concrete foundation. It is a contact element in the analysis model – the connection resists fully
to compression, but does not resist to tension.
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Stress-strain diagram of contact between the concrete block and the base plate
Two approaches of modelling welds are implemented.

The first option of weld model between plates is direct merge of meshes of welded plates. The load is transmitted through a force-
deformation constrains to opposite plate. This model does not respect the stiffness of the weld and the stress distribution is conservative.
Stress peaks, which appear at the end of plate edges, in corners and rounding, govern the resistance along the whole length of the weld. To
eliminate the effect of stress peaks three methods for evaluation of the weld can be chosen:
• Maximal stress (conservative)

• Average stress on weld
• Linear interpolation along weld
The second approach uses an improved weld model. A special elastoplastic element is added between the plates. The element respects the
weld throat thickness, position and orientation. Ideal plastic model is used and the plasticity state is controlled by stresses in the weld throat
section. The stress peaks are redistributed along the longer part of the weld length.
Bolted connection consists of two or more clasped plates and one or more bolts. Plates are placed loosely on each other.
A contact element is inserted between plates in the analysis model, which acts only in compression. No forces are carried in tension.
Shear force is taken by bearing. Special model for its transferring in the force direction only is implemented. IDEA StatiCa Connection can
check bolts for interaction of shear and tension. The bolt behavior is implemented according following picture.
Bolt - tension
Symbols explanation:
• K – linear stiffness of bolt,

• Kp – stiffness of bolt at plastic branch,
• Flt – limit force for linear behaviour of bolt,
• Ft,Rd – limit bolt resistance,
• ul – limit deformation of bolt.
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Bolt - interaction of shear and tension
The concrete block in CBFEM is modelled using Winkler-Pasternak subsoil model. The stiffness of subsoil is determined using modulus of
elasticity of concrete and effective height of subsoil. The concrete block is not designed by CBFEM method. Only the minimal dimension of
block under the base plate is determined to avoid the concrete cone breakout.
Loads
End forces of member of the frame analysis model are transferred to the ends of member segments. Eccentricities of members caused by
the joint design are respected during transfer.
The analysis model created by CBFEM method corresponds to the real joint very precisely, whereas the analysis of internal forces is
performed on very idealised 3D FEM 1D model, where individual beams are modelled using centrelines and the joints are modelled using
immaterial nodes.
Joint of a vertical column and a horizontal beam
Internal forces are analysed using 1D members in 3D model. There is an example of courses of internal forces in the following picture.
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Internal forces in horizontal beam. M and V are the end forces at joint.
The effects caused by member on the joint are important to design the joint (connection). The effects are illustrated in the following picture.
Effects of the member on the joint. CBFEM model is drawn in dark blue color.
Moment M and force V act in theoretical joint. The point of theoretical joint does not exist ni CBFEM model, thus the load cannot be applied
here. The model must be loaded by actions M and V, which have to be transferred to the end of segment in the distance r.
Mc = M – V . r
Vc = V
In CBFEM model, the end section of segment is loaded by moment Mc and force Vc.
Welds
Design resistance
The stress in the throat section of fillet weld is determined according to art. 4.5.3:
σw,Ed = [σ⊥2 + 3 (τ⊥2 + τ||2)] 0.5
σw,Rd = fu / (βw γM2)
0.9·σw,Rd = fu / γM2
Weld utilisation
Ut = min (σw,Ed/σw,Rd; σ⊥/0.9·σw,Rd)
βw - correlation factor tab 4.1
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Bolts
Design tension resistance of bolt: FtRd = 0.9 fub As/ γM2.
Design shear resistance at punching of bolt head or nut EN 1993-1-8: BpRd = 0.6 π dm tp fu / γM2.
Design shear resistance per one shear plane: FvRd = αv fub As / γM2.
Design bearing resistance of plate EN 1993-1-8: FbRd = k1 ab fu d t / γM2.
Utilisation in tension [%]: Utt = FtEd / min (FtRd, BpRd).
Utilisation in shear [%]: Uts = V / min (FvRd, FbRd).
Interaction of shear and tension [%]: Utts = (V / FvRd ) + (FtEd / 1.4 FtRd).
where
• As - tensile stress area of the bolt,

• fub - ultimate tensile strength,
• dm - bolt head diameter,
• d - bolt diameter,
• tp - plate thickness under the bolt head/nut,
• fu - ultimate steel strength,
• αv = 0,6 for classes (4.6, 5.6, 8.8)
αv = 0,5 for classes (4.8, 5.8, 6.8, 10,9),
• k1 - 2.5,
• ab - 1.0,
• FtEd - design tensile force in bolt,
• V - resultant of shear forces in bolt.
Preloaded bolts
The design slip resistance of a preloaded class 8.8 or 10.9 bolt is subjected to an applied tensile force, Ft,Ed.
Preloading force to be used EN 1993-1-8 3.9 (3.7)
Fp,C = 0,7 fub As
Design slip resistance per bolt EN 1993-1-8 3.9 (3.8)
Fs,Rd = ks n μ (Fp,C – 0,8 Ft,Ed) / γ M3
Utilisation in shear [%]:
Uts = V / Fs,Rd where
• As - tensile stress area of the bolt,

• fub - ultimate tensile strength,
• ks – coefficient given in Table 3.6; ks = 1,
• μ - slip factor obtained,
• n - number of the friction surfaces. Check is calculated for each friction surface separately,
• γ M3 - safety factor,
• V - shear force,
• Ft,Ed - design tensile force in bolt.
Anchors
Concrete cone failure resistance of anchor or group of anchors ETAG-001 5.2.2.4:
NRkc = N0Rkc AcN/ A0cN ΨsN ΨreN.
Initial value of characteristic resistance:

N0Rkc = 7.2 fck0.5 hef 1.5,
where
• A0cN - area of concrete cone of an individual anchor; circle of diameter 1.5 * hef,
• hef - length of anchor in concrete,
• fck - characteristic concrete compressive strength,
• AcN - actual area of concrete cone of the anchorage at the concrete surface respecting influence of edges and adjoining anchors,
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• ΨsN = 1,
• ΨreN = 1.
Anchors shear resistance in case of transfer of shear forces. Friction is not taken into account. Valid in case, that the anchor failure precedes
the concrete failure ETAG-001 5.2.3.2:
VRks = 0.5 fy As.
Concrete pry-out failure ETAG-001 5.2.3.3:

VRkcp / γMc<= V,
VRkcp = k * NRkc,
where
• V - shear force,
• k = 1 for hef < 60
k = 2 for hef >= 60.
Concrete edge failure ETAG-001 5.2.3.4:

VRkc / γMc<= V,
VRkc = V0Rkc AcV/ A0cV ΨsV ΨreV,
V0Rkc = 1.7 dα lfβ fck0.5 c11.5,
α = 0.1 (lf / c1)0.5,
β = 0.1 (d / c1)0.2,
where
• lf = hef,
• c1 - edge distance,
• d - anchor diameter,
• ΨsV = 1,
• ΨreV = 1,
• A0cV - area of concrete cone of an individual anchor at the lateral concrete surface not affected by edges (4.5 c12),
• AcV - actual area of concrete cone of anchorage at the lateral concrete surface.
Concrete block
Concrete resistance at concentrated compression:
Fjd = βj kj fck / γC.
Average stress under the base plate:

σ = N / Aeff.
Utilisation in compression [%]:

Ut = σ / Fjd,
where
• fck - characteristic compressive concrete strength,

• βj = 0.6,
• kj - concentration factor,
• γC - safety factor,
• Aeff - effective area, on which the column force N is distributed.
Shear in concrete block

1. Shear is transferred only by friction:
VRd,y = N·Cf,
VRd,z = N·Cf.
2. Shear is transferred by shear iron and friction:
VRd,y = N·Cf + Avy · fy / ( √3 γM0),
VRd,z = N·Cf + Avz · fy / ( √3 γM0).
Utilisation in shear [%]:

Ut = min (Vy/VRd,y, Vz/VRd,z),
where
• Avy - shear area Ay of shear iron cross-section,

• Avz - shear area Az of shear iron cross-section,
• fy - yield strength,
• γM0 - safety factor,
• Vy - shear force component in the base plate plane in y-direction,
• Vz - shear force component in the base plate plane in z-direction,
• N - force perpendicular to the base plate,
• Cf - friction coefficient.
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Project item 10-Connection

Beams and columns

Load effects (equilibrium not required)

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Name Value Check status

Overall check, LE1

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Strain check, LE1

Equivalent stress, LE1

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Ft,Ed V Utt Fb,Rd Uts Utts

Ft,Rd Bp,Rd Fv,Rd

Detailed result for B1

fub = 1000.0 MPa Ultimate tensile strength of the bolt

As = 561 mm2 Tensile stress area of the bolt

γM2 = 1.25 Safety factor

fu = 360.0 MPa Ultimate strength

γM2 = 1.25 Safety factor

γM2 = 1.25 Safety factor

fu = 490.0 MPa Ultimate strength

d = 30 mm Nominal diameter of the fastener

γM2 = 1.25 Safety factor

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Detailed result for B2

fub = 1000.0 MPa Ultimate tensile strength of the bolt

As = 561 mm2 Tensile stress area of the bolt

γM2 = 1.25 Safety factor

fu = 360.0 MPa Ultimate strength

γM2 = 1.25 Safety factor

γM2 = 1.25 Safety factor

fu = 490.0 MPa Ultimate strength

d = 30 mm Nominal diameter of the fastener

γM2 = 1.25 Safety factor

Detailed result for B3

fub = 1000.0 MPa Ultimate tensile strength of the bolt

γM2 = 1.25 Safety factor

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fu = 360.0 MPa Ultimate strength

γM2 = 1.25 Safety factor

γM2 = 1.25 Safety factor

fu = 360.0 MPa Ultimate strength

d = 30 mm Nominal diameter of the fastener

γM2 = 1.25 Safety factor

Detailed result for B4

fub = 1000.0 MPa Ultimate tensile strength of the bolt

γM2 = 1.25 Safety factor

fu = 360.0 MPa Ultimate strength

γM2 = 1.25 Safety factor

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γM2 = 1.25 Safety factor

fu = 360.0 MPa Ultimate strength

d = 30 mm Nominal diameter of the fastener

γM2 = 1.25 Safety factor

Detailed result for B5

fub = 1000.0 MPa Ultimate tensile strength of the bolt

γM2 = 1.25 Safety factor

fu = 360.0 MPa Ultimate strength

γM2 = 1.25 Safety factor

γM2 = 1.25 Safety factor

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fu = 360.0 MPa Ultimate strength

d = 30 mm Nominal diameter of the fastener