Cartography

In hydrographic surveying, a wire-______ consists essentially of a buoyed wired towed at desired depth by _____
motor launches and used to locate existing obstruction or shoal areas.
a. Tag, three
b. Tag, two
c. Drag, two
d. Drag, three

Situation: in an aerial photography project, the distance between flight lines is 4,903 feet and the interval between
exposures is 2441 feet.

o If the flight lines are to be plotted on 1:50,000 scale topographic map. Determine the Map Distance in
centimeters between flight lines.
a. 2.8 c. 3.2
b. 3.3 d. 3.0
o If the exposures are to be plotted on 1:50,000 scale topographic map. Determine the Map Distance in
centimeters between photographs
a. 1.8 c. 1.5
b. 2.0 d. 1.6
o If the flight lines are to be plotted on 1:10,000 scale topographic map. Determine the Map Distance in
centimeters between flight lines.
a. 13.5 c. 16.0
b. 13.8 d. 15.0

In photogrammetry, ____________ point is the front station ________ from the perspective view to the plane of
the photograph.
a. principal, perpendicular c. fiducial, perpendicular
b. principal, parallel d. fiducial, parallel

Shutter speed of aerial cameras

a. 1/100 to 1/1000 c. 1/500 to 1/1000
b. 1/100 to 1/500 d. 1/250 to 1/500

_______ image is a computer-compatible image into a fine grid of picture of elements or pixels.
a. graphical c. digital
b. rectified d. photographic

Sextant are instruments used to ______ observe ______ objects from a hydrographic survey best for ______
horizontal control points.
a. Simultaneously, two, four
b. Simultaneously, two, three
c. Alternately, two, four
d. Alternately, two, three

_____ optics in photogrammetry treats lights as a _______ of waves from a point and travelling through a
transmitting meridian.
a) Physical, electromagnetic
b) Geometric, elastic
c) Physical, elastic
d) Geometric, electromagnetic
Aerial camera lens_______ is to count the number of line pairs (black lines separated by white lines spaces of
equal thickness which can be clearly distinguished within a width of _______ in an image produced by the lens.
, mm

_______ lens distortion in an aerial camera is due to _______ centering of the lens component and other
manufacturing defects in a compound lens
a. radial, impeferct
b. radial, perfect
c. decentering, perfect
d. decentering, imperfect

The camera lens _______ enlarges or contracts, changing the ______ of the lens opening and thus regulates the
amount of light that is allowed to pass through the lens
a. Diaphragm, diameter c. Diaphragm, cover
b. Shutter, cover d. Shutter, diameter

The scale at any point on a truly vertical aerial photograph is the ratio of the camera focal length to the ______ of
the flying height and the _______ of the point.
a. Product, coordinates c. Product, Elevation
b. Difference, elevation d. Difference, coordinate

All ______ lights rays from the terrain are brought to the focus in the _____ plane of all aerial camera
a. Refracted, focal c. Refracted, Fiducial
b. Incident, Fiducial d. Incident, Focal

A sextant is a _______ reflecting objects for measuring angles, primarily altitudes of celestial bodies and ______
points during hydrographic surveys.
a. Double, four c. Single, four
b. Single, three d. Double, Three

______ optics in photogrammetry treats light as _____ lines traveling from a point source through a transmitting
meridian.
a. Physical, straight c. Geometric, Curved
b. Geometric, Straight d. Physical, Curved

If a survey boat travels at a speed of 10 knots and measures soundings at intervals of 10 seconds, what is the
interval of soundings in the water, in meters?
a. 49.40 c. 51.40
b. 52.40 d. 50.40

A ______ is hydrographic survey vessel consisting of two parallel hulls of equal size, geometry-stabilized due to
its wide beam and with a _____
a. Catamaram, shallow c. Catamaran, deep
b. Motor Launch, deep d. Motor Launch, Shallow

Process of moving the aerial camera film slight during exposure, in the direction of and rate of just equal to ____
movement is called ________-motion compensation.
a. Aircraft, forward c. Image, Forward
b. Image, Backward d. Aircraft, Backward

Object reflects all the visible energy that strikes it, will appear to the human eye as _____.
 a. Black c. White
b. Green d. Red

Situation: An aerial photographic film in optimally exposed w/ an f-stop setting of f-8.0 and a shutter speed of
1/500 second.

Determine the correct f-stop setting if the shutter speed change to 1/1000 sec
a. F-5.6 c. F-16
b. F-32 d. F-2.8
Determine the correct f-stop setting if the shutter speed change to 1/250sec
a. F-16 c. F-11
b. F-5.6 d. F-22
Determine the correct f-stop setting if the shutter speed change to 1/125 sec
a. F-22 c. F-5.6
b. F-32 d. F-16

____ controls the length at the time that ____ is pass the lens
a. shutter, air c. diaphragm, light
b. shutter, light d. diaphragm, air

Our two eyes have overlapping visual fields use stereoscopic ______ to gain _____ perception in observing
through stereoscope
a. Eyeglasses, depth c. Parallax, breadth
b. Parallax, depth d. Eyeglasses, Breadth

The amount of relief displacement is ______ proportional to ______ distance between the image point and the
principal.
a. Inversely, tangential c. Inversely, Radial
b. Directly, radial d. Directly, Tangential

A _____ beam echo sounder in hydrographic survey has a ______ useful for seabed mapping.
a. Single, wide c. Single, very wide
b. Multi, narrow d. Multi, wide

_______ latitudes are used in the computation of equal _____ map projection
a. Polyconic, distance c. Polyconic, area
b. Authalic, area d. Authalic, distance

Equal-area projections, area between _____ parallels at ______ are exactly equal to the corresponding
a. Alternate, latitude c. Successive, Latitude
b. Successive, Longitude d. Alternate, Longitude

Situation: An aerial camera with forward-motion compensation and a 6 inch focal length is carried in an aircraft
traveling at 156 miles per hour at flying height of 9,850 feet above terrain and with a shutter speed of 1/125
seconds
Scale of photograph at terrain elevation
a. 1:20,000 c. 1:18,700
b. 1:19,700 d. 1:19,000
Distance traveled by the plan during exposure, in meters
a. 0.56 c. 0.58
b. 0.60 d. 0.54
______ aerial cameras lenses cause blurring and _____ the sharpness of the image
 a. distortion, degrade c. distortion, enhance
b. aberrations, enhance d. Aberrations, degrade

The ____ of an analogue camera houses the reels which hold exposed and unexposed films
a. Diaphragm c. Magazine
b. Camera Body d. Lens Core

The _____ tidal range occurs when the gravitational forces of sun and moon are _____ phase, reinforcing each
other in the same direction or are exactly in the opposite phase
a. Lowest, in c. Lowest out of
b. Highest, in d. Highest, out of

If the aerial camera lens shutter time is halved and aperture area is doubled, total exposure _______
a. Halved c. Quadrupled
b. Doubled d. Remains unchanged

In a _____ projection, the geographic meridians and parallels projected onto a cylinder is ______ to (or intersect)
a. Cylindrical, cotangent c. Gnomonic, cotangent
b. Cylindrical, tangent d. Gnomonic, tangent

Situation: The interval between soundings in a hydrographic survey is 100m.

If the corresponding distance on a nautical chart is 40mm, what is the scale of the chart
a. 1:10,000 c. 1:2,500
b. 1:5,000 d. 1:4,000
If the corresponding distance on a nautical chart is 20mm, what is the scale of the chart
a. 1:5,000 c. 1:10,000
b. 1:6,000 d. 1:4,000
If the corresponding distance on a nautical chart is 10mm, what is the scale of the chart
a. 1:20,000 c. 1:10,000
b. 1:5,000 d. 1:1,000

In an _________, lines radiating from a _____ corresponding lines on a sphere

a. Azimuthal, vanishing c. Azimuthal, Central
b. Equal-area, central d. Equal-area, Vanishing

The tidal range occurs when the gravitational forces of both sun and moon _____ each other and there is a ______
moon.
a. Cancel, 1/8 c. Reinforce, quarter
b. Cancel, full d. Reinforce, full

The accepted vertical accuracy standard requires that the elevations of ________ percent of all points tested must
be correct within one-________ of the contour interval
a. 80, half c. 80, fourth
b. 90, half d. 90, fourth

The _____ percent triple overlap is provided to ensure the proper _____ from one pair of photographs in the pair.
a. 30, alignment c. 20, connection
b. 30, connection d. 20, alignment

_______ is the deviation in the ______ of the aerial aircraft with respect to the time actual flight direction of.
a. Drift, orientation b. Crab, orientation
 c. Crab, Location d. Drift, Location

A meridian at any point given, called a _____ meridians is _____ on the ellipsoid that connects the north and
south poles and passes through that point.
a. Local, a geodesic c. Local, an arc
b. Greenwich, a geodesic d. Greenwich, an arc

Flight _____ is the vertical distance show a given datum, usually the mean ____ level, of an aircraft in flight.
a. Latitude, sea c. Altitude, sea
b. Latitude, terrain d. Altitude, terrain

Photographic emulsion sensitive to blue, green and red light are called
a. Microwave c. False-color
b. Panchromatic d. Infrared

A latent image becomes _____ after the photographic _______ stage of laboratory stage.
a. Visible, fixing c. Invisible, development
b. Visible, development d. Invisible, fixing

In hydrographic survey, ______ of sounding refers to the correction of the observation depth for the height of
_______. Above or below the plain of reference at the time of sounding
a. Addition, boat c. Reduction, boat
b. Reduction, tide d. Addition, tide

Situation: Sam-9 Northing = 1,662,055.481 Easting = 464,770.938

Latitude I Diff 1” VII Diff 1” VIII

15-01 1,660,648.755 30.73255 684.154 0.01323 7.310
15-02 1,662,492.708 30.73259 684.948 0.01323 7.319

Latitude IX Diff 1” X Diff 1” XI

15-01 33,467.472 0.04329 157.704 0.00096 1.210
15-02 33,479.069 0.04334 157.762 0.00097 1.211

Determine the initial Latitude

a. 15-01-45.2377 c. 15-01-45.7237
b. 15-01-45.3772 d. 15-01-45.7732
Determine the latitude
a. 15-01-44.249 c. 15-01-44.294
b. 15-01-44.492 d. 15-01-44.924
Determine the Longitude
a. 120-40-20.592 c. 120-40-20.952
b. 120-40-20.295 d. 120-40-20.925

Situation – Hydrographic Surveys

Coordinates (meters)
Station
Northings Easting
C 1,532,945.768 524,003.771
N 1,531,367.395 524,484.795
P 1,529,693.183 525,078.670
Triangle/ Angle formed by Angle
P – Boat – N 47-36
N – Boat – C 38-19
o Angle Boat-P-N
a. 51-36 c. 51-37
b. 51-34 d. 51-35
o Angel Boat-C-N
a. 45-04 c. 45-05
b. 45-06 d. 45-03
o Distance from shore station N to boat
a. 1,883 c. 1,884
b. 1,885 d. 1,886