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41 SCRA 548 – Civil Law –
Union
 Torts and Damages – Liability Justice Hall, Sevilla
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of teachers/heads of San Fernando City, La Union
establishments of arts and 2500
trades

In March 1966, while

Dominador Palisoc (16 years
old) was watching Virgilio
Daffon and Desiderio Cruz
work on a machine in their
laboratory class in the
Manila Technical Institute (a
school of arts and trades),
Daffon scolded Palisoc for
just standing around like a
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foreman. This caused Palisoc

to slightly slap the face of
Daffon and a st ght ensued
between the two. Daffon
delivered blows that
eventually killed Palisoc. The
parents of Palisoc sued
Daffon, the school president

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(Teodosio Valenton), the
instructor (Santiago
Quibulue), and the owner
(Antonio Brillantes). The
basis of the suit against
Valenton, Quibulue, and
Brillantes was Article 2180
of the Civil Code.
The lower court, as well as
the CA, ruled that only
Daffon is liable for damages
and that Valenton, Quibulue,
and Brillantes are not liable
because under Article 2180,
they are only liable “so long
as they [the students] remain
in their custody.” And that
this means, as per Mercado vs
Court of Appeals, that
teachers or heads of
establishments are only
liable for the tortious acts of
their students if the students
are living and boarding with
the teacher or other of cials
of the school – which Daffon
was not.
ISSUE: Whether or not the
ruling in the Mercado Case
still applies.
HELD: No. The SC abandoned
the ruling in the Mercado
Case as well as the ruling in
the Exconde Case
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011/08/exconde-vs-capuno/)
as they adopted Justice JBL
Reyes’ dissenting opinion in
the latter case. Valenton and
Quibulue as president and
teacher-in-charge of the
school must be held jointly
and severally liable for
the  quasi-delict of Daffon.
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of ce. (May 1, 2015 to May 30, 2016)
UPDATE: The author is now a Public Attorney
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 resulting from the ght
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