Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Ensign
by R.A. Doty
White Ensign
Updated Second Printing
A Supplement for Harpoon covering the
Royal and Commonwealth Navies
from 1960 to the Present Day
designed by
R. A. Doty
edited by
Larry Bond
and
Charlie Spiegel
published by
The author is a Chief Fire Controlman, stationed aboard USS Kitty Hawk (CV-63) as part of Commander, Carrier Group
Five’s staff. This publication and its contents are the author’s own work and do not represent the views, plans or assess-
ments of the United States Navy or the United States government.
Copyright © 1998, 2003, 2013, 2015 the Admiralty Trilogy Group, LLC and R. A. Doty.
All rights reserved. Printed in the USA. Made in the USA.
No part of this book may be reproduced in any form or by any means without permission in writing from the publisher.
The designers of White Ensign and Harpoon are prepared to answer questions about the game system. They can be
reached in care ofhe Admiralty Trilogy Group at adtrgroup@aol.com. Visit their website at http://www.admiraltytrilogy.com.
Harpoon is Larry Bond’s and Chris Carlson’s trademarked name for their modern naval wargame system. Admiralty Trilogy
is Larry Bond’s, Chris Carlson’s, Ed Kettler’s, and Michael Harris’ trademarked name for their Twentieth Century naval
game system.
This version of White Ensign has been updated with all errata corrected through 3 Nov 2013.
Cover: HMS Liverpool, a Type 42 Batch 2 guided missile destroyer, during Exercise Joint Warrior, in 2011 (wikimedia)
Table of Contents Page
Table of Contents 3
Author’s Introduction 4
Editorial 4
What You Get 4
Where the White Ensign Has Flown 5
Ship Class Index 9
Annex A
Royal Australian Navy (RAN) A-1
Royal Canadian Navy (RCN) A-6
Royal New Zealand Navy (RNZN) A-9
Royal Navy (RN) A-12
Annex B Aircraft
Australia B-1
Canada B-4
New Zealand B-5
United Kingdom B-6
Annex C1 Naval Surface Guns C1-1
Annex C2 Naval Air Defense Guns C2-1
Annex D Surface Missiles D-1
Annex E1 ASW Standoff Weapons E-1
Annex E2 Ahead-Thrown Weapons E-1
Annex E3 Depth Charges E-1
Annex F Torpedoes F-1
Annex G1 Unguided Air Ordnance G-1
Annex G2 Electronic Air Ordnance G-1
Annex G3 Air Cannon G-1
Annex G4 Guided Air Ordnance G-2
Annex G5 Anti-Runway Ordnance F-1*
Annex H Air-to-Air Missiles H-1
Annex J Naval Radars J-1
Annex K Fire Control Radars K-1
Annex L Air Radars L-1
Annex M1 Sonar Systems M1-1
Annex M2 Airborne Sonobuoy Processors M2-1
Annex Q Conversion Factors and Scales Q-1
Annex S (modified) Land Surface-to-Air Missiles E-1*
Carrier Air Groups 80
Squadron Histories 84
Bibliography 88
*To save space, Annex G-5 appears on Page F-1, and Annex S appears on page E-1
Where the White Ensign has Flown Ruthven, and the LSTs Striker and Empire Gull, LCTs
When I started this venture, I was not aware of all the Redoubt, Bastion, and Parapet, with armor from Bahrain,
locations and conflicts that the British had been in. I thought as well as the MSF Meon. In fact, Bulwark had the only air
with Taiwan/Formosa, and some time in China, Korea, search radar in theater until the arrival of Victorious and the
Vietnam, Grenada, Panama, Kuwait and a couple of other DD Cassandra and the FF Lincoln, on the 9th of July, (they
places, that the US had been everywhere (that’s why we were in Hong Kong at the start). July 5th brought Centaur,
are the great Satan). I was wrong. The following is a short the destroyers Camperdown, Finisterre, and Saintes from
list of places the Royal Navy, along with the Commonwealth the 2nd DD Squadron, the AO Olna, and another LST,
navies, have been since the end of World War II up to 1960, Messina, through the Suez Canal. Remember, that this is
when this book starts: the first time since the Suez Crisis that the British would be
• Palestine between 1945 to 1948 moving any sizable task force through the Canal, but noth-
• Malaya 1948 to 1960 ing happened. Other units brought into the area were the
• China in 1949 frigates Loch Insh, Llandaff, and Yarmouth. 6 July brought
• Oman between 1957 to 1958 four Ton class mine sweepers and a tug through. Centaur
• Jordan in 1958 arrived on the 31st of July. Within two weeks, the British
• Korea in 1950 to 1953 had 5700 men with artillery and armor support inside Ku-
• Cyprus 1956 to 1959 wait. Also included were Hunters, Canberras and Shackle-
• Suez in 1956 (this would make a great mini-campaign tons and various transport aircraft from the RAF.
if you found a competent Egyptian player). Iraqi forces at this time included 12 Ex-Soviet P-6 fast
Here are the places that the RN, RAN, RCN, and attack craft with torpedoes. The Iraqi Air Force flew the re-
RNZN have been between 1960 and 1998: mainder of “pro western” 15 Hunter F.6 and 5 F-86 Sabres,
and earlier Vampire FB, Venom FB, and Furys. These would
supplement its recent Soviet bloc acquisitions of approxi-
Yemen 1960-1967
mately 20 Mig-15, 10 Mig-15 UTI, and 11 Il-28 Beagles.
From 1945 on, the RAF was carrying out strikes against
The strong forces and political pressure dissuaded an
rebels in the country of Yemen. The following carriers were
invasion, and by 11 October, all forces were out of Kuwait.
used to provide help:
A good reference for the RAF/FAA units involved is Air Wars
• Centaur in March of 1960, still a conventional carrier
and Aircraft. It lists all aircraft, including transports, that
with 891 Squadron flying Sea Venom FAW.22 in the strike
were involved. Vanguard to Trident gives a detailed account
role
of naval movements and the political atmosphere during
• Hermes in July of 1963 with 892 Squadron flying Sea
this event. A listing of Iraqi aircraft can be found in Arab Air
Vixen FAW.1
Forces. It may not list what was available in 1961 but gives
• Centaur from January 1964 until July of 1964, now as
an account of what might be usable after Iraqis turn to the
an assault carrier
Soviet bloc for equipment.
• Eagle in June 1964 and March of 1966 with 800
The twelve Soviet P-6 fast attack craft may not sound
Squadron flying Buccaneer S.1 and S.2.
like a lot, but right now (April 1998) I am on USS Russell
During the withdrawal from Aden, both HMS Eagle and
(DDG-59) in the Northern Arabian Gulf looking for sanc-
HMS Albion provided cover and transportation for the evac-
tions violators. I operate the Tomahawk Weapons Control
uating troops with 899 squadron providing top cover in Sea
System so I get to see the Over-The-Horizon (OTH) picture
Vixen FAW.2s, and 848 squadron flying the last British unit,
and it’s not as easy as it would seem trying to keep track
42 Commando, to HMS Albion along with HMS Bulwark,
of all the small fishing or cargo dhows, not to mention the
HMS Fearless, and HMS Intrepid. Escorts included HMS
large supertankers that are out here. If a P-6 was to come
London, HMS Minerva, HMS Phoebe and HMS Auriga. A
out at night, doing roughly 6 to 10 knots, radar won’t tell you
good reference for the land and air campaign is Air Wars
anything. If this is a problem for a modern combatant with
and Aircraft, which has a detailed description of the conflict
the latest in sensors, imagine yourself on an aging World
from 1945 until 1967. Not much to game, but it gives you a
War II destroyer or frigate with one radar, and you can see
background.
what those twelve P-6s could have accomplished!
Kuwait 1961 (Operation Vantage)
Here is one that will blow you away if you didn’t already
Borneo 1962-1966
The Far East Fleet had a significant presence with the
know it. 25 June 1961, the Prime Minister (Ruler) of Iraq,
deployment of at least one aircraft carrier plus supporting
Abdul Qarim Qassem, declared that Kuwait was part of Iraq
units. It should be noted, however, that the ‘East of Suez’
and started moving troops toward Kuwait. Sound familiar?
forces were also needed in Hong Kong, Aden and East
The carrier Bulwark was near Karachi, Pakistan at this
Africa so cover could be thin at crucial times. Following
time as were several frigates in the Persian Gulf. Probably
the rebellion (with covert Indonesian support) in Brunei in
not very good duty at this time of limited air conditioning in
December 1962, British and Commonwealth forces were
ships! (My second ship, David R Ray, lost all three genera-
rapidly reinforced. Despite the failure of the insurrection,
tors for over eight hours in August of 1990. I can attest to
during 1963 Indonesia embarked upon a guerrilla war
the hellish conditions on a ship with no A/C!).
aimed at destabilizing the new Federation of Malaysia and
The British had, of course, been in the Gulf a lot longer
driving the British out of the region. This became known as
than the US and had troops and equipment in Bahrain, plus
the Indonesian Confrontation.
equipment in Aden.
The Confrontation led to the longest and largest de-
The first units on the scene were 42 Commando from
ployment of the postwar RN. At its peak in late 1964 over
Bulwark plus three frigates Loch Fyne, Loch Alvie, Loch
October 1971 was the last time the “Far East Fleet” On April 2nd, 1982, Argentina invaded the British
sailed out of Singapore, and the Persian Gulf force was Falkland Islands, and took South Georgia the following day.
disestablished in November of 1971. Royal Marine detachments on both islands inflicted losses
Vanguard to Trident will give you a good taste as to on the invaders, including damaging the frigate Guerrico
how boring blockade duty is. And let me tell you it is very when she approached South Georgia.
boring unless you’re on the boarding teams (I’m not). Air- Two RN task forces were quickly dispatched, one
craft and Air Wars is good for the aircraft involved, or those from the Gibraltar area commanded by Rear-Admiral John
that could have been involved. Woodward. Another, including the carriers Hermes and
Invincible, left from Britain. More units would be departing
Iceland 1972 - 1973 Britain in the ensuing weeks, including many “Ships Taken
On 1 September 1972 Iceland extended its territo- Up from Trade” or STUFT ships.
rial waters out to 50 nautical miles. GPS had not been Most ships headed for Ascension Island to assemble
invented yet so fishermen in the North Sea were not quite and prepare for the transit to enemy-held waters. Ascension
sure where they were. Icelandic patrol/gun boats began to was used as a forward base during the entire war. It was
harass these individuals. On the 23rd of January, the RN the closest land and airbase between Britain and the Falk-
ships Statesman proceeded to the area to protect British lands. US supplies being sent to Britain were also staged
trawlers. On 18 March, the Icelandic patrol boat Odin fired through this island.
over the bow of Statesman. Two months later on 26 May, The first naval operation took place with a landing of
the Icelandic patrol boat Aegir fired into the trawler Everton. Special Boat Squadron troops from the submarine Con-
June 7th brought about the collision between Aegir and the queror on 14 April, followed by Special Air Squadron troops
RN frigate Scylla. After this, the two Prime Ministers came on Fortuna Glacier on South Georgia to gather intelligence.
to a peaceful agreement, and the “Cod Wars” ended. Next was the depth charging and beaching of the Argentine
submarine Santa Fe, and the invasion of South Georgia on
Cyprus 1974 25th and 26th April.
In 1974, there was war again between the Turks and The next phase was softening up of the Falkland
the Greeks. This time civilians from the US and the UK islands by air strikes and naval gunfire support. It started on
were evacuated by elements of the US Sixth Fleet and the May first with the famous but ineffective Vulcan bomber raid
British Carrier Hermes. on Stanley Airport. May 2nd witnessed the sinking of the
As mentioned, Hermes was used to evacuate civilians patrol boat Alferez Sobral and the torpedoing of the cruiser
using No 814 Squadron flying Sea King HAS.1 and No 845 General Belgrano by Conqueror. With the loss of Belgrano,
Squadron flying Wessex HU.5. The US 6th Fleet was doing the carrier Vienticinco de Mayo, along with the major units
the same thing with CH-46s and CH-53s. There was no of the Argentine navy took no further action, while the car-
intervention by Greek or Turkish forces, however, on 21 July rier’s air group was transferred to shore. On the 4th of May
1974, the Turkish Air Force accidentally sank the Turkish an air-launched Exocet missile disabled Sheffield, which
destroyer Kocatepe. burned out and later sank. During a naval gun fire support
This might not be much of a problem for the RN but the mission, Brilliant and Glasgow were attacked, with the latter
US 6th Fleet was using some of the same class of destroy- damaged.
ers as both the Greeks and Turks. Again, Air Wars and The actual invasion began on the 21st of May. While
Aircraft gives a short but concise history of the land and air British forces were landing, the Argentine Air Force made
battles that happened during 1960 to 1974. near-continuous air strikes on the ships in Falkland Sound.
Attacks were made on Antrim, Argonaut, and Ardent, with
Falklands 1977 Ardent sinking the next day. Antelope was bombed on the
Good background can be found in Vanguard to Trident. 23rd of May, the bomb detonating as it was being defuzed.
It has plenty of detail on the dwindling “station” ships that On the 25th of May, Coventry and Atlantic Conveyor were
preceded the 1982 invasion. both sunk, Atlantic Conveyor to the second attack by Exo-
cet.
With the loss of the heavy-lift Chinook helicopters on
Falklands 1982
board Atlantic Conveyor, the landing forces’ mobility was
The Falkland Islands, in British possession since 1833,
severely reduced. To compensate, a landing was made
are also claimed by the Argentines, who call them the
close to enemy positions without proper air cover. On the
Malvinas. A series of events triggered by a scrap merchant
8th of June, the amphibious ships Sir Galahad and Sir
started the largest combat action for the Royal Navy since
Tristram and the frigate Plymouth were hit. Sir Tristram was
World War II. The Argentine junta, beset by internal political
lost with heavy loss of life. While providing naval gunfire
problems, perceived a weakening and lack of resolve in the
support, Glamorgan was also hit on the 12th May by a
British, possibly based on the announcement of the retire-
ground-launched Exocet.
ment of the patrol ship Endurance, which served as the
Two days later the war was over.
guard ship for South Georgia and the Falklands.
There are dozens of books available on the Falklands
The landing of workers on South Georgia without
War. South Atlantic War, published by GDW (out of print)
following proper customs procedures caused a minor
provides scenarios for the entire 1982 war. There is also
diplomatic flurry on 19 March 1982. This triggered an ac-
a scenario in Harpoon Naval Review 1994. One Hundred
celeration of Argentine planning efforts, which had started
Days, by the commander of the Task Force Rear-Admiral
in mid-January for a September invasion, and a late March
Sir John Woodward shows what goes on in someone’s
UNITAS exercise was used as a cover for troop and ship
head from “our,” the players, perspective. Air Wars and
movements.
LPD Albion
VSEL
time. May have been out on “contract PMS”. Size Class: Small Signature: Small/Noisy
• 1985: Adelaide, Canberra; A(R)1 Mk15 Phalanx added, all others Weapons: ROF
built with Phalanx installed. F(2)1 Mk6 114mm/45//1 Radar 275 C/UK
• Stern of first three ships had to be lengthened for S-70 opera- A(2)1 Mk2 40mm STAAG//1 Radar 262 C/UK
tions: Sydney in Jan 89, Adelaide in Aug 89, Canberra in 1991. P/S/A(1)3 Mk9 40mm/60 C/UK
• 1991: For service in Desert Storm Adelaide, Sydney, and Darwin F(3)2 Mk10 Limbo w/17 salvoes//1 Sonar 170 E/UK
had RAM sheets wrapped around their superstructure and masts. Sensors:
Signature remains Small. Radar 293, Radar 974, Radar 975, Radar 978, Radar 994 J/UK
Damage and Speed Breakdown: LW.02 J/Nethl
Dam Pts: 0 24 47 71 86 95 Sonar 162, Sonar 174, Sonar 177 M/UK
Surface Speed: 29 22 14 7 0 Sinks Remarks:
Yarra, Parramuta, Stuart, Derwent. Similar to RN Whitby and Rothe-
Anzac FF say class FF. Stuart completed with F(1)1 Ikara w/13 msls instead
Displacement: 3300 std In class: 4 + 4 of Limbo. Derwent completed with A(4)1 Seacat w/4 msls//1 Radar
Acoustic Counterm: 2nd Gen Twd In Service: 1996 262 instead of STAAG.
Electronic Counterm: 4th Gen D ESM: 3rd Gen • 1975-76: Yarra ran trials with Mulloka sonar in place of Sonar
Propulsion: CODOG/CPP Crew: 163 177M, then refitted. Limbo removed, replaced with helo pad aft.
Size Class: Small Signature: Small/Quiet • 1976: Yarra, others 1977 - 1983: A(4)1 Seacat w/4 msls//1 WM22
Weapons: ROF added, SPS-55 added. F(3)2 Mk10 Limbo, Mk2 STAAG removed.
F(1)1 Mk45 127mm/54//1 9LV200 C/USA F(1)1 Ikara w/13 msls, Aft Pad (1)1 Wasp, P/S(3)2 Mk32 TT w/3
F&A(8)1 Mk41 VLS Sea Sparrow Mk46 torp added, Mulloka sonar replaced Sonar 177.
w/8 RIM-7M//2 9LV200 D/USA Damage and Speed Breakdown:
Aft Pad (1)1 SH-2G(A) B Dam Pts: 0 20 41 61 73 81
Sensors: Surface Speed: 29 21 14 7 0 Sinks
Atlas 9600 J/FRG
SPS-49 J/USA UK Bay FF
Sea Giraffe 150HC J/Sweden Displacement: 1537 std In class: [4]
Spherion (hull array) M/France Acoustic Counterm: None In Service: 1944 - 72
Remarks: Electronic Counterm: None ESM: None
All-steel construction. Joint Australian/New Zealand development. Propulsion: Steam Recip Crew: 177
MEKO 200 variant. First unit HMAS Anzac. Fitted with RAST. Size Class: Small Signature: Small/Noisy
Initially not fitted with PB/SB(3)2 Mk32 324mm TT, came from River Weapons: ROF
class FFs as they retired in late 1990s. Will probably be fitted with F/A(2)2 Mk16 114mm/45//1 Radar 285 C/UK
Nulka active missile decoy system. Space allocated for Mk141 Har- A(1)5 Mk7 40mm/60 C/UK
poon launchers, second 8 cell Sea Sparrow group, Mk15 Phalanx, 4 Mk4 K-gun w/4 Mk7 DC E/UK
ASSTASS towed array. Forward 9LV200 director can control gun or 2 DC rail w/6 Mk7 DC E/UK
VLS Sea Sparrow. Fitted with stabilizers. F(24)1 Mk10 hedgehog w/5 salvoes E/UK
Damage and Speed Breakdown: Sensors:
Dam Pts: 0 30 60 89 107 119 Radar 276, Radar 286 or Radar 291 J/UK
Surface Speed: 31 23 15 7 0 Sinks Sonar 144 M/UK
Remarks:
River (late) FF Total DC carried; 150. Built to mercantile standards, special dam-
Displacement: 2150 std In class: [2] age modifier of -15%.
Acoustic Counterm: 1st Gen Twd In Service: 1970 - 98 Damage and Speed Breakdown:
Electronic Counterm: None ESM: 1st Gen Dam Pts: 0 13 26 38 46 51
Propulsion: Steam Turbine Crew: 247 Surface Speed: 20 15 10 5 0 Sinks
Size Class: Small Signature: Small/Noisy
Weapons: ROF Quadrant FF
F(2)1 Mk6 114mm/45//1 WM22 C/UK Displacement: 2240 std In class: [4]
A(4)1 GWS22 w/Sea Cat//1 WM22 (2) D/UK Acoustic Counterm: 1st Gen In Service: 1942 - 75
F(1)1 Ikara w/13 msls B Electronic Counterm: None ESM: None
F(3)2 Mk10 Limbo w/17 salvoes//1 Sonar170 E/UK Propulsion: Steam Turbine Crew: 195
Sensors: Size Class: Small Signature: Small/Noisy
Radar 293 J/UK Weapons: ROF
LW.02 J/Nethl A(2)1 Mk19 102mm/45//1 Radar 262 C/UK
Sonar 162, Sonar 174, Sonar 177 M/UK F(2)1 Mk5 40mm/60 C/UK
Remarks: F(3)2 Mk4 Squid//1 Sonar 170 E/UK
Swan, Torrens. Similar to RN Rothesay class FF. F(3)2 Mk10 Limbo w/17 salvoes//1 Sonar 170 E/UK
• 1985: 1 Mk10 Limbo removed. P/S(3)2 Mk32 TT w/3 Mk46 added P/S(1)2 533mm TT w/1 Mk9 torp F/UK
(F/USA). Sensors:
• 1991: Sea Cat, Ikara no longer operational, both struck. Radar 277, Radar 278, Radar 993 J/UK
Damage and Speed Breakdown: Sonar 174, Sonar 177 M/UK
Dam Pts: 0 20 41 61 73 81 Remarks:
Surface Speed: 29 21 14 7 0 Sinks Type 15 conversion of Q or Quilliam-class destroyer. Quadrant has
Squid, all others had Limbo.
River (early) FF Damage and Speed Breakdown:
Displacement: 2150 std In class: [4] Dam Pts: 0 21 42 63 76 84
Acoustic Counterm: 1st Gen Twd In Service: 1961 - 85 Surface Speed: 36 27 18 9 0 Sinks
Electronic Counterm: None ESM: 1st Gen
Propulsion: Steam Turbine Crew: 235
Aft Pad (1)1 Wasp HAS.1 B/UK • 1997: Relegated to training duties.
Sensors: • Jul 98: Decommissioned to provide crew for Anzac-class FF Te
Radar 994, Radar 1006 J/UK Mana.
Sonar 162, Sonar 184, Sonar 170, Sonar 199 M/UK Damage and Speed Breakdown:
Remarks: Damage Points: 0 22 44 65 78 87
HMNZS Southland. Conversion to Ikara standard took place be- Surface Speed: 28 21 14 7 0 Sinks
tween 1972 to 1978, transferred to New Zealand 1983 after refit to
listed configuration. Fitted with stabilizers. Ex-UK Whitby (Type 12) FF
• 1991: Ikara no longer supported. Displacement: 2150 std In Class: [1]
• 1995: Decommissioned. Acoustic Counterm: 1st Gen Twd In Service: 1966 - 71
Damage and Speed Breakdown: Electronic Counterm: None ESM: 1st Gen
Damage Points: 0 23 46 68 82 91 Propulsion: Steam Turbine Crew: 231
Surface Speed: 28 21 14 7 0 Sinks Size Class: Small Signature: Small/Noisy
Weapons: ROF
UK Leander (Broad-Beamed) FF F(2)1 Mk6 114mm/45//1 Radar 275 C/UK
Displacement: 2474 std In Class: 2 - 1 A(1)1 Mk9 40mm/60//1 Radar 262 C/UK
Acoustic Counterm: 1st Gen Twd In Service: 1969 F(3)2 Mk10 Limbo w/17 salvoes//1 Sonar 170 E/UK
Electronic Counterm: 2nd Gen J&D ESM: 2nd Gen PQ/SQ(2)2 533mm TT w/2 Mk20 Bidder (E) F/UK
Propulsion: Steam Turbine Crew: 263 Sensors:
Size Class: Small Signature: Small/Noisy Radar 293, Radar 277, Radar 974, Radar 978 J/UK
Weapons: ROF Sonar 162, Sonar 174, Sonar 177 M/UK
F(2)1 Mk6 114mm/45//1 Radar 903 C/UK Remarks:
P/S(1)2 GAM-B01 20mm/85 C/UK HMNZS Blackpool. STAAG mounts have the director mounted on
P/S(1)2 Mk9 40mm/60 C/UK the gun mount. Class was to have eight single mounts and two
F(4)1 GWS22 w/4 Sea Cat//1 Radar 904 D/UK twin TT mounts. On loan from the RN.
F(3)1 Mk10 Limbo w/17 salvoes//1 Sonar 170 E/UK Damage and Speed Breakdown:
Aft Pad (1)1 Wasp HAS.1 or Lynx B/UK Damage Points: 0 20 41 61 73 81
Sensors: Surface Speed: 29 21 14 7 0 Sinks
Radar 965, Radar 992, Radar 974, Radar 978 J/UK
Sonar 162, Sonar 184, Sonar 199 M/UK UK Rothesay FF
Remarks: Displacement: 2150 std In Class: [2]
HMNZS Wellington and Canterbury. Canterbury completed 1971. Acoustic Counterm: 1st Gen In Service: 1960 - 82
Wellington purchased 1982. Electronic Counterm: None ESM: 1st Gen
• 1984 - 85: Wellington refitted. Radar 903 FC replaced by RCA Propulsion: Steam Turbine Crew: 235
R76C5, PB/SB(3)2 Mk32 324mm TT w/3 Mk46 F/USA added, Size Class: Small Signature: Small/Noisy
ECM upgraded to 3rd Gen J&D. Limbo removed. Weapons: ROF
• 1987 - 90: Canterbury refitted as Wellington, but Radar 965 F(2)1 Mk6 114mm/45//1 Radar 275 C/UK
replaced by LW.08 (J/Nethl). A(2)1 Mk2 40mm STAAG//1 Radar 262 C/UK
• 1994-95: Canterbury refitted. Combat system upgraded. Seacat P/S/A(1)3 Mk9 40mm/60 C/UK
replaced by A(R)1 Mk15 Phalanx 20mm w/5 bursts (C/USA) F(3)2 Mk10 Limbo w/17 salvoes//1 Sonar 170 E/UK
• 1996 - Sep 97: Wellington completed refit to allow operation of PB/SB(3)2 Mk32 324mm TT w/3 Mk46 F/USA
SH-2G(NZ) helicopter. Sensors:
• 1998: Wellington used for training duties, laid up 1999. Radar 975, Radar 293, Radar 974, Radar 994, Radar 978 J/UK
Damage and Speed Breakdown: Sonar 162, Sonar 174, Sonar 177 M/UK
Damage Points: 0 23 46 68 82 91 Remarks:
Surface Speed: 28 21 14 7 0 Sinks HMNZS Otago, Taranaki. Modified Type 12 FF.
• 1966: 40mm STAAG, 1 Mk10 Limbo removed. A(4)1 GWS22 w/4
UK Leander FF Sea Cat D/UK, P/S(1)2 20mm/80 C/UK, Aft Pad (1)1 Wasp B/UK
Displacement: 2350 std In Class: [1] added.
Acoustic Counterm: 1st Gen Twd In Service: 1966 - 98 • 1979: Taranaki converted to training ship. GWS22, Limbo re-
Electronic Counterm: 1st Gen J&D ESM: 1st Gen moved. Otago Radar 277 removed.
Propulsion: Steam Turbine Crew: 243 Damage and Speed Breakdown:
Size Class: Small Signature: Small/Noisy Damage Points: 0 20 41 61 73 81
Weapons: ROF Surface Speed: 29 21 14 7 0 Sinks
F(2)1 Mk6 114mm/45//1 Radar 903 C/UK
P/S(1)2 GAM-B01 20mm/85 C/UK Ex-UK Loch class FF
P/S(1)2 Mk9 40mm/60 C/UK Displacement: 1435 std In Class: [6]
A(4)1 GWS22 w/4 Sea Cat//1 Radar 904 D/UK Acoustic Counterm: None In Service: 1948 - 67
F(3)1 Mk10 Limbo w/17 salvoes//1 Sonar 170 E/UK Electronic Counterm: None ESM: 1st Gen
Aft Pad (1)1 Wasp HAS.1 B/UK Propulsion: Steam Recip Crew: 114
Sensors: Size Class: Small Signature: Small/Noisy
Radar 965, Radar 992, Radar 993, Radar 974 J/UK Weapons: ROF
Radar 978, Radar 1006 J/UK F(1)1 Mk5 114mm/45//1 Radar 275 C/UK
Sonar 162, Sonar 184, Sonar 199 M/UK P/S/A(1)6 Mk7 40mm/60 C/UK
Remarks: F(3)2 Mk4 Squid//1 Sonar 147B E/UK
HMNZS Waikato. Built for New Zealand. Sensors:
• 1977: Mk10 Limbo//Sonar 170B replaced by PB/SB(3)2 Mk32 Radar 277 J/UK
324mm TT w/3 Mk46 (F/USA), hangar enlarged to house Lynx. Sonar 144 M/UK
• 1987 - 91: ESM upgraded to 2nd Gen, EW suite upgraded to 2nd
Gen J&D.
• 1994: Seacat removed.
TT with Stingray torpedoes. Exeter and later (last five units) have Radar 1022 vice 965M, 2nd
• 1995: Manchester and York refitted with Sea Dart Mod 5, allows Gen ESM.
engagement of diving missiles without penalty. ESM and ECM • 1980: Radar 965M removed from earlier units, replaced by Radar
upgraded to 3rd Gen. 1022. ECM upgraded to 2nd Gen.
• 1995 - 96: Edinburgh refitted, Phalanx fit changed to P/S(R)2 • 1982: P/S(2)2 GCM-A01 30mm/75, Sea Skua for Lynx added.
Mk15 Phalanx, 30mm removed. Mk7 20mm/70 replaced by P/S(1)2 GAM-B01 20mm/85. Birming-
• 2000: Type 675 jammer removed, ECM: 3rd Gen D. ham and Nottingham fitted with 4 vice 2 GAM-B01 20mm, no
• 2000 – 01: P/S(1)2 GAM-B01 removed. 30mm.
• 2/01 – 10/01: York port Phalanx mount replaced by SEA RAM • 1982: Sheffield, Cardiff, Coventry, Exeter, Glasgow in Falklands.
(11)1 w/11 RAM msls. This is autonomous, and removed upon Sheffield lost 10 May 82, Coventry 25 May 82. Glasgow damaged.
completion of trials. • 19??: Fitted with 4 DLF(2) floating decoy (“Rubber Duck”) dis-
• 2003: York to be fitted with Mk8 Mod 1 114mm/55 pensers.
Damage and Speed Breakdown: • 1987-88: P/S(2)2 GCM-A01 30mm/75 removed. P/S(R)2 Mk15
Dam Pts: 0 35 69 104 124 138 Phalanx w/5 bursts C/USA added. Radar 992 replaced by Radar
Surf Speed: 30 22 15 7 0 Sinks 996. Sonar 184 replaced by Sonar 2016 in 42A ships, Sonar 2050
in 42B ships. ECM upgraded to 3rd Gen.
Bristol (Type 82) DDG • 1993-95: STWS.2 324mm TT removed from all units to save
Displacement: 6700 std In class: [1] weight.
Acoustic Counterm: None In Service: 1976 - 93 • 10 Dec 99: Birmingham decommissioned.
Electronic Counterm: None ESM: None • 2000: Type 675 jammer removed, Electronic Countermeasures
Propulsion: COSAG Crew: 407 upgraded to 3rd Gen D.
Size Class: Medium Signature: Med/Noisy • Jun 02: Nottingham heavily damaged in grounding off Norfolk
Weapons: ROF Island, to return to service in mid-2004.
F(1)1 Mk8 114mm/55//1 Radar 903 C Damage and Speed Breakdown:
A(2)1 GWS30 w/40 Sea Dart//2 Radar 909 (4) D Dam Pts: 0 32 64 96 115 128
F(1)1 GWS40 w/32 Ikara//2 radars E/Aust Surf Speed: 30 22 15 7 0 Sinks
F(3)1 Mk10 Limbo w/17 salvoes//1 Sonar 170 E
Sensors: County DDG
Radar 965M, Radar 978, Radar 992, Radar 1006 J Displacement: 6200 std In class: [8]
Sonar 162, Sonar 184 M Acoustic Counterm: 1st Gen Twd In Service: 1962 - 87
Remarks: Electronic Counterm: 1st Gen D ESM: 1st Gen
Not originally fitted with any ESM/ECM equipment. Commissioned Propulsion: COSAG Crew: 471
in 1973, but not accepted for service until 1978. Fitted with dual fin Size Class: Medium Signature: Med/Noisy
stabilizers. Helo pad aft. Weapons: ROF
• 1976-78: Limbo removed, First Gen ECM Decoys added. F(2)2 Mk6 114mm/45//1 Radar 903 C
• 1981: First Gen ESM, 2nd Gen Decoys added. P/S(1)2 Mk4 20mm/80 C
• 1983: P/S(2)2 GCM-A02 30mm and P/S(2)2 GAM-B01 20mm A(2)1 GWS1 w/30 Sea Slug Mk1//1 Radar 901 (2) D
added. P/S(4)2 GWS21 w/4 Sea Cat (2) D
• 1985-Feb 86: Two-year refit. Ikara removed, Radar 965 replaced Aft Pad (1)1 Wessex HAS.5 B
by Radar 1022. Sensors:
• 1987-88: Refitted at Portsmouth for role as training ship. Mk8 gun Radar 278, Radar 965, Radar 992, Radar 993 J
and Radar 1022 removed. Accomodations for 100 midshipmen Sonar 162, Sonar 177 or Sonar 184 M
added. Remarks:
• 1993: Replaced Kent as Sea Cadet Harbor Training Ship, Ports- Fitted with fin stabilizers. GWS21 Sea Cat in the first four units.
mouth. Norfolk, Antrim, Fife, Glamorgan have GWS22 Sea Cat (2 Radar
Damage and Speed Breakdown: 903), Sea Slug Mk2, Radar 965M vice 965.
Dam Pts: 0 53 105 158 189 210 • 1974: Norfolk, Antrim, Fife, Glamorgan: 1 F(2)1 Mk6 114mm/45 re-
Surf Speed: 30 22 15 7 0 Sinks moved. PB&SB(2)2 MM38 Exocet w/4 msls F/France added. ECM
upgraded to 2nd Gen standard. All units brought up to GWS22
Sheffield (Type 42A&B) DDG standards.
Displacement: 3560 std In class: 10 - 3 • 1976: Hampshire paid off.
Acoustic Counterm: 2nd Gen Twd In Service: 1975 • 1978: Devonshire paid off.
Electronic Counterm: 1st Gen J&D ESM: 1st Gen • 1979: Fife used as harbor training ship, recommissioned 1983.
Propulsion: COGOG Crew: 312 • 1979: Wessex HAS.5 replaced by Lynx HAS.3
Size Class: Small Signature: Small/Quiet • 1980: Kent used as harbor training hulk, decommissioned 1983.
Weapons: ROF • 1982: Antrim and Glamorgan in Falklands War. Both embarked
F(1)1 Mk8 114mm/55//1 Radar 909 C 1 Wessex HAS.3. Glamorgan damaged by Exocet launched from
P/S(1)2 Mk7 20mm/80 C improvised trailer launcher 12 Jun 82.
F(2)1 GWS30 w/22 Sea Dart//2 Radar 909 (4) D • 1982: London transferred to Pakistan as Babur. Norfolk trans-
PB/SB(3)2 STWS.2 324mm TT w/3 Mk46 F/USA ferred to Chile as Prat.
P/S 2 DEC Laser Dazzlers -- • 1984: Antrim transferred to Chile as Cochrane.
Aft Pad (1)1 Lynx B • 1986: Glamorgan transferred to Chile as Latorre.
Sensors: • 1987: Fife transferred to Chile as Blanco Encalada.
Radar 992, Radar 1006, Radar 965M J Damage and Speed Breakdown:
Sonar 162M, Sonar 184 M Dam Pts: 0 50 100 150 180 200
Remarks: Surf Speed: 30 23 15 7 0 Sinks
Sheffield not fitted with STWS.2 324mm TT. Forward Radar 909
director controls Mk8 or Sea Dart msl. Type 992 series radar func- Battle (Later Group DDR) DDR
tions as HF radar for Sea Dart FC system. Fitted with stabilizers. Displacement: 2780 std In class: [4]
Have bubble ejectors for propellers which reduce cavitiation noise. Acoustic Counterm: 1st Gen Twd In Service: 1962 - 78
Electronic Counterm: None ESM: 1st Gen
Damage and Speed Breakdown: Acoustic Counterm: 2nd Gen Twd In Service: 1984
Dam Pts: 0 22 44 65 78 87 Electronic Counterm: 3rd Gen J&D ESM: 3rd Gen
Surf Speed: 36 27 18 9 0 Sinks Propulsion: COGOG/CPP Crew: 265
Size Class: Small Signature: Small/Quiet
Norfolk (Type 23) FF Weapons: ROF
Displacement: 3500 std In class: 16 PB&SB(1)4 MM38 Exocet w/1 msls (4) D/France
Acoustic Counterm: 2nd Gen Twd In Service: 1990 F/A(6)2 GWS25 w/6 Sea Wolf//2 Radar 910 (4) D
Electronic Counterm: 3rd Gen J&D ESM: 3rd Gen P/S(2)4 GCM-A03 30mm/75 C
Propulsion: CODLAG Crew: 169 P/S(1)2 GAM-B01 20mm/85 C
Size Class: Small Signature: VSmall/Quiet PB/SB(3)2 Mk32 324mm TT w/3 Stingray F
Weapons: ROF Aft Pad (1)2 Lynx HAS.3/8 B
F(1)1 Mk8 114mm/55//1 Radar 911 C Sensors:
P/S(4)2 Mk141 w/4 Harpoon IC (8) D/USA Radar 967/968, Radar 1006 J
F&A(32)1 VLS GWS26 w/32 VL Sea Wolf Sonar 162, Sonar 2016, Sonar 2031 M
//1 Radar 911 (15) D Remarks:
P/S(1)2 LS-30B 30mm/75 C Fitted with stabilizers. Third unit Brave (F94) and on have enlarged
P/S 2 DEC Laser Dazzler -- flight deck to take one EH.101 Merlin or Sea King, speed reduced
PB/SB(2)2 DTMS.90 324mm TT w/2 Stingray F to 28 knots, have Radar 911 FC vice Radar 910. London (F95) and
Aft Pad (1)1 Lynx HAS.3/8 B on are COGAG/CPP, return to 30 knots maximum speed. Normal
Sensors: complement is 1 Lynx. May use Mk46 or Stingray torp. All units
Radar 996, Radar 1007 J fitted with US Outboard COMINT and DF system. Each Sea Wolf
Sonar 2031, Sonar 2050 M launcher has 24 manual reloads.
Remarks: • 19??: Has 4 DLF(2) floating decoy (“Rubber Duck”) dispensers.
Duke class. Can carry 1 EH.101 (when available) vice Lynx. Can • 1995: Brave had Sonar 2016 replaced by Sonar 2050.
cruise on electric motors up to 15 knots, treat as VQuiet. Fitted • 2000: MM38 Exocet, Sonar 2031, Type 675 jammers removed
with stabilizers and helo haul-down system. Rounded deck edges, Electronic Countermeasures changed to 3rd Gen D.
edges to corners and superstructure, angled surfaces on super- • Decommissionings: Beaver, London, Boxer, Brave 1999, Coventry
structure, to reduce radar signature. Filtering & ducting to reduce 2002, Sheffield to reserve 2002, to be struck 2005.
IR signature. Total of 2 Type 911 directors with F/A arc carried. Has
4 DLF(2) floating decoy (“Rubber Duck”) dispensers. Sea Wolf Damage and Speed Breakdown:
system is autonomous. Hull bubbler system. Sonar 2031 to be Dam Pts: 0 38 76 113 136 151
replaced by Sonar 2087, still under development. Surf Speed: 30 22 15 8 0 Sinks
Damage and Speed Breakdown: Surf Spd (Brave):
28 21 14 7 0 Sinks
Dam Pts: 0 32 63 95 113 126
Surf Speed: 28 21 14 7 0 Sinks Broadsword (Type 22/1) FF
Displacement: 3900 std In class: [4]
Cornwall (Type 22/3) FF Acoustic Counterm: 2nd Gen Twd In Service: 1979 - 97
Displacement: 4280 std In class: 4 Electronic Counterm: 2nd Gen J&D ESM: 2nd Gen
Acoustic Counterm: 2nd Gen Twd In Service: 1988 Propulsion: COGOG/CPP Crew: 222
Electronic Counterm: 3rd Gen J&D ESM: 3rd Gen Size Class: Small Signature: Small/Quiet
Propulsion: COGAG/CPP Crew: 232 Weapons: ROF
Size Class: Small Signature: Small/Quiet F/A(6)2 GWS25 w/6 Sea Wolf//2 Radar 910 (4) D
Weapons: ROF P/S(1)2 Mk9 40mm/60 C
PQ&PB/SQ&SB(4)2 Mk141 w/4 Harpoon IC (8) D/USA PB&SB(1)4 MM38 Exocet w/1 msls (4) D/France
F/A(6)2 LWT GWS26 w/6 Sea Wolf PB/SB(3)2 STWS.2 324mm TT w/3 Stingray F
//2 Radar 911 (4) D Aft Pad (1)2 Lynx B
F(1)1 Mk8 114mm/55//1 Radar 911 C Sensors:
P&S(R)1 Goalkeeper 30mm w/6 bursts C/Nethl Radar 967/968, Radar 1006 or Radar 1007 J
P/S(1)2 LS-30B 30mm/75 C Sonar 2016 M
P/S 2 DEC Laser Dazzler -- Remarks:
PB/SB(3)2 STWS.2 324mm TT w/3 Stingray F Broadsword, Battlexe, Brilliant, Brazen. Normal complement is
Aft Pad (1)2 Lynx HAS.3 B 1 Lynx. First two units Broadsword and Battleaxe do not have
Sensors: 324mm TT. Each Sea Wolf launcher has 12 manual reloads.
Radar 967/968, Radar 1006 J Broadsword and Brilliant have Sonar 2050 vice 2016, Sonar 2031
Sonar 2050, Sonar 2031 M towed array.
Remarks: • 1995-97: All transferred to Brazil.
Can carry 1 Sea King or EH.101 (when avalable) vice 2 Lynx. Damage and Speed Breakdown:
Normally carries 1 Lynx. Fitted with stabilizers. Forward Type 911 Dam Pts: 0 35 70 104 125 139
director controls either Sea Wolf missile or Mk8 114mm gun. Each Surf Speed: 29 22 15 7 0 Sinks
Sea Wolf Mount has 24 manual reloads. F99 Cornwall has Sonar
2016 vice 2050. Leander/3A (Sea Wolf) FF
• 19??: Has 4 DLF(2) floating decoy (“Rubber Duck”) dispensers. Displacement: 2500 std In class: [5]
• 2000: Sonar 2031 and Type 675 jammers removed. Electronic Acoustic Counterm: 2nd Gen Twd In Service: 1977 - 95
Countermeasures changed to 3rd Gen D. Electronic Counterm: 2nd Gen J&D ESM: 2nd Gen
Damage and Speed Breakdown: Propulsion: Steam Turbine Crew: 263
Dam Pts: 0 38 76 114 137 152 Size Class: Small Signature: Small/Noisy
Surf Speed: 30 22 15 8 0 Sinks Weapons: ROF
F(6)1 GWS25 w/6 Sea Wolf//1 Radar 910 (4) D
Boxer (Type 22/2) FF PB&SB(1)4 MM38 Exocet w/1 msl (4)` D/France
Displacement: 4250 std In class: [6] P/S(1)2 GAM-B01 20mm/85 C
P/S(1)2 Mk9 40mm/60 C
A(3)1 Mk10 Limbo//1 Sonar 170B E2 Propulsion: Steam Turbine Crew: 235
Aft Pad (1)1 Lynx B Size Class: Small Signature: Small/Noisy
Sensors: Weapons: ROF
Radar 965, Radar 978, Radar 993 J F(2)1 Mk6 114mm/45//1 Radar 275 C
Sonar 162, Sonar 184, Sonar 199 M A(2)1 STAAG 40mm//1 Radar 262 C
Remarks: F(3)2 Mk10 Limbo w/17 salvoes//1 Sonar 170 E
Fitted with stabilizers. Five units converted to Sea Wolf Leander PB/SB(4)2 533mm TT w/4 Mk9 F
1977-83, listed separately. Sensors:
Damage and Speed Breakdown: Radar 978, Radar 994 J
Dam Pts: 0 23 46 69 83 92 Sonar 162, Sonar 174, Sonar 177 M
Surf Speed: 28 21 14 7 0 Sinks Remarks:
STAAG mounts have the director mounted on the gun mount.
Leander FF • 1966-72: Class modernized. 40mm STAAG, 1 Mk10 Limbo
Displacement: 2350 std In class: [16] removed. P/S(1)2 Mk4 20mm/80, A(4)1 GWS22 w/4 Seacat D, Aft
Acoustic Counterm: 1st Gen Twd In Service: 1963 - 93 Pad (1)1 Wasp B added. Radar 275 replaced with Radar 903. Refit
Electronic Counterm: None ESM: 1st Gen took two years, Rothesay finishing first in 1968.
Propulsion: Steam Turbine Crew: 263 • 1981: Brighton, Falmouth struck.
Size Class: Small Signature: Small/Noisy • 1982: Falmouth recommissioned for Falklands War, struck again
Weapons: ROF 1984. Plymouth damaged 8 Jun 82 during the Falklands War,
F(2)1 Mk6 114mm/45//1 Radar 903 C repaired.
P/S(1)2 Mk9 40mm/60 C • 1984: Londonderry struck
A(4)1 GWS22 w/4 Sea Cat//1 Radar 903 (2) D • 1985: Rhyl, Lowestoft, Plymouth, Berwick struck
F(3)1Mk10 Limbo w/17 salvoes//1 Sonar 170 E • 1987: Rothesay struck.
Aft Pad (1)1 Wasp B Damage and Speed Breakdown:
Sensors: Dam Pts: 0 22 44 66 79 88
Radar 965, Radar 974, Radar 978, Radar 992 J Surf Speed: 29 21 14 7 0 Sinks
Sonar 162, Sonar 184, Sonar 199 M
Remarks: Whitby (Type 12) FF
Fitted with stabilizers. First few ships completed without Seacat, Displacement: 2150 std In class: [6]
installed first in Naiad (1965), added to the earlier units later. Con- Acoustic Counterm: 1st Gen Twd In Service: 1958 - 85
verted to Exocet and Ikara Leanders, listed separately. Electronic Counterm: None ESM: 1st Gen
Damage and Speed Breakdown: Propulsion: Steam Turbine Crew: 231
Dam Pts: 0 22 44 65 78 87 Size Class: Small Signature: Small/Noisy
Surf Speed: 28 21 14 7 0 Sinks Weapons: ROF
F(2)1 Mk6 114mm/45//1 Radar 275 C
Tribal (Type 81) FF A(2)1 Mk2 40mm STAAG//1 Radar 262 C
Displacement: 2300 std In class: [7] F(3)2 Mk10 Limbo w/17 salvoes//1 Sonar 170 E
Acoustic Counterm: 1st Gen Twd In Service: 1961 - 82 PQ/SQ(1)8 533mm TT w/10 Mk20 Bidder (E) F
Electronic Counterm: None ESM: 1st Gen PQ/SQ(2)2 533mm TT w/2 Mk20 Bidder (E) F
Propulsion: COSAG Crew: 253 Sensors:
Size Class: Small Signature: Small/Noisy Radar 277, Radar 293, Radar 974 or Radar 978 J
Weapons: ROF Sonar 162, Sonar 174, Sonar 177 M
F/A(1)2 Mk5 114mm/45//1 Radar 903 C Remarks:
P/S(1)2 Mk7 40mm/60 C STAAG mounts have the director mounted on the gun mount.
F(3)1 Mk10 Limbo w/17 salvoes//1 Sonar 170 E Listed characteristics show how class was to have eight single
Aft Pad (1)1 Wasp HAS.1 B torpedo tubes and two twin TT mounts. Bidder was not very reli-
Sensors: able. Only four vessels were completed with the torpedo tubes and
Radar 293, Radar 965, Radar 974, Radar 978, Radar 993 J these were removed by the early 1960s.
Sonar 162, Sonar 174, Sonar 177 M • 1960s: 40mm STAAG, TT removed. A(1)1 Mk9 40mm/60//1 Radar
Remarks: 262 C added.
Helo hangar is under flight deck. Fitted with fin stabilizers. Zulu • 1966-71: Blackpool loaned to New Zealand.
completed with GWS21 Seacat in place of 40mm, all units • 1974-78: All but Torquay paid off, Torquay used as training vessel
equipped by 1977 with GWS22 Sea Cat. Sonar 199 on Ashanti. until 1985.
Single-screw, double the effect of all Engineering critical hits. Damage and Speed Breakdown:
• 1970: Ashanti and Gurkha fitted with Type 199 VDS. Dam Pts: 0 20 41 61 73 81
• 3 Mar 77: Ashanti seriously damaged by engine room fire, re- Surf Speed: 29 21 14 7 0 Sinks
paired but placed in ready-reserve status.
• 1977: P/S(1)2 Mk7 40mm/60 removed. P/S(4)2 GWS22w/4 Sea Salisbury (Type 61) FF
Cat//2 Radar 262 D, P/S(1)2 Mk4 20mm added. Displacement: 2170 std In class: [4]
• 1979: Class paid off. Acoustic Counterm: 1st Gen Twd In Service: 1957 - 82
• 1984: Gurkha transferred to Indonesia Electronic Counterm: None ESM: 1st Gen
• 1985: Tartar, Zulu transferred to Indonesia Propulsion: Diesel Crew: 207
Damage and Speed Breakdown: Size Class: Small Signature: Small/Noisy
Dam Pts: 0 22 43 65 77 86 Weapons: ROF
Surf Speed: 27 18 12 6 0 Sinks F(2)1 Mk6 114mm/45//1 Radar 275 C
A(2)1 Mk2 40mm STAAG//1 Radar 262 C
Rothesay (Type 12 mod) FF F(3)1 Mk4 Squid//1 Sonar 147 E
Displacement: 2380 std In class: [9] Sensors:
Acoustic Counterm: 1st Gen Twd In Service: 1960 - 89 Radar 277, Radar 293, Radar 960, Radar 974, Radar 982 J
Electronic Counterm: None ESM: 1st Gen Sonar 162, Sonar 174, Sonar 177 M
Remarks:
Tyne AD Remarks:
Displacement: 11000 std In class: [1] RFA-operated. 3 RAS stations per side. Normally carries 2 Sea
Acoustic Counterm: None In Service: 1941 - 61 King but can carry up to 4. RFA-maintained. Fleet Auxiliary, special
Electronic Counterm: None ESM: None damage modifier of -25%
Propulsion: Steam Turbine Crew: 520 Damage and Speed Breakdown:
Size Class: Medium Signature: Med/Loud Dam Pts: 0 64 128 192 230 256
Weapons: ROF Surf Speed: 17 13 8 4 0 Sinks
2F/2A(2)4 Mk3 114mm/45//2 Radar 285 C
F/3P/3S(1)7 Mk7 40mm/60 C Fort (i) AFS
Sensors: Displacement: 3700 lt In class: [8]
Radar 293 J Acoustic Counterm: None In Service: 1944 - 72
Remarks: Electronic Counterm: None ESM: None
Tyne class Destroyer Depot Ship. Fleet auxiliary, special damage Propulsion: Steam Turbine Crew: ??
modifier of -25%. CHP for engineering and Magazines is L. Carried Size Class: Medium Signature: Med/Noisy
80 torpedoes, 150 depth charges. Weapons: ROF
Damage and Speed Breakdown: None
Dam Pts: 0 56 111 167 200 222 Sensors:
Surf Speed: 17 13 8 4 0 Sinks Nav Radar J/Intl
Remarks:
Fort (ii) AE Fleet Auxiliary, special damage modifier of -25%.
Displacement: 16046 grt In class: 2 •19??: Landing pad added to Fort Charlotte, Fort Dunvegan, Fort
Acoustic Counterm: 2nd Gen Twd In Service: 1978 Duquesne.
Electronic Counterm: 2nd Gen D ESM: 2nd Gen • Decommissionings: Fort Beauharnois, Fort Constantine 1963,
Propulsion: Diesel Crew: 168 Fort Charlotte and Fort Dunesque sold 1968, Fort Dunvegan 1969,
Size Class: Medium Signature: Med/Loud Fort Langley 1970, Fort Rosalie, Fort Sandusky 1972.
Weapons: ROF Damage and Speed Breakdown:
P/S(1)2 Mk4 20mm/80 C Dam Pts: 0 25 50 74 89 99
Aft Pad & Hangar Pad (1)4 Sea King B Surf Speed: 11 8 5 3 0 Sinks
Sensors:
Radar 1006, 2 Kelvin-Hughes series J Sea Crusader AK
Remarks: Displacement: 23986 grt In class: 1
Fort Grange, Fort Austin. Helo pads aft and on roof of hangar. Fitted Acoustic Counterm: None In Service: 1996
with fin stabilizers. Only one Sea King normally carried. Carries Electronic Counterm: None ESM: None
3500 t stores. RFA-operated. Fleet Auxiliary, special damage modi- Propulsion: Diesel Crew: 17
fier of -25%. Can be fitted with another 2 20mm aft. Single screw, Size Class: Large Signature: Large/Noisy
each engineering casualty reduces speed by 50%, not 25%. Weapons: ROF
• 1982: Both units in Falklands War. None
• 19??: 40mm replaced by P/S(1)2 GAM-B01 20mm/85 Sensors:
Damage and Speed Breakdown: 2 Raytheon FR series J/Intl
Dam Pts: 0 59 119 178 213 237 Remarks:
Surf Speed: 20 15 10 5 0 Sinks General Ro-Ro cargo ship. Chartered for operation by RFA in
support of JRDF. Can carry 350 armored vehicles, trucks, other
Retainer AE wheeled equipment. Non-slewing stern ramp. Crew of only 17.
Displacement: 9357 grt In class: [2] Merchant ship, special damage modifier of -50%.
Acoustic Counterm: None In Service: 1956 - 83 Damage and Speed Breakdown:
Electronic Counterm: None ESM: None Dam Pts: 0 52 104 156 187 208
Propulsion: Diesel Crew: 107 Surf Speed: 18 14 9 5 0 Sinks
Size Class: Large Signature: Large/Noisy
Sensors: Bacchus AK
Nav Radar J Displacement: 2740 lt In class: [2]
Remarks: Acoustic Counterm: None In Service: 1962 - 91
Retainer, Resurgent. Purchased and converted 1952-56. Fleet Electronic Counterm: None ESM: None
Auxiliary, special damage modifier of -25%. Single screw, each Propulsion: Diesel Crew: 57
engineering casualty reduces speed by 50%, not 25%. Size Class: Small Signature: Small/Noisy
• Decommisionings: Retainer 1980, Resurgent 1983. Weapons: ROF
Damage and Speed Breakdown: None
Dam Pts: 0 41 81 122 146 162 Sensors:
Surf Speed: 14 10 7 3 0 Sinks Nav radar J/Intl
Remarks:
Resource AFS RFA-operated. Three holds with refrigerated compartments. Can
Displacement: 18029 gwt In class: [2] carry 800 tons of fuel oil, 200 tons lube oil, and 240 tons fresh wa-
Acoustic Counterm: 2nd Gen Twd In Service: 1967 ter. Cannot perform underway replishment. Fleet Auxiliary, special
Electronic Counterm: 2nd Gen D ESM: None damage modifier of -25%. Single screw, each engineering casualty
Propulsion: Steam Turbine Crew: 132 reduces speed by 50%, not 25%.
Size Class: Medium Signature: Med/Noisy • Decommissionings: Hebe 1979, Bacchus 1991.
Weapons: ROF Damage and Speed Breakdown:
P/S(1)2 Mk9 40mm/60 C Dam Pts: 0 19 38 56 68 75
Aft Pad (1)1 Sea King B Surf Speed: 15 11 8 4 0 Sinks
Sensors:
2 Kelvin-Hughes series J
Throttle Setting (speed in knots) • Reconnaissance pack interally and Glowworm illumination rock-
Altitude Cruise Full Mil Reheat ets under the wings. (Royal navy only)
V/Low: 96(0.4) 104(0.4) -- • 1 Mk13/18 Paveway II, Pave Spike Pod, 1 AIM-9G/L,1 ALQ-101
Med: 96(0.4) 104(0.4) -- ECM pod, 1 Int bay tank
Ceiling: 3658 meters Engine Type: TP Remarks:
Endurance Data Inflight Refuel: N Upgraded Buccaneer S.1s and new-build aircraft with better en-
Cruise Range: 235 nm Int Fuel: 562 kg gines, expanded underwing capability. Used by RAF and RN.
Ordnance Loadouts: Payload: 500 kg • 1969: In service with RAF.
• 2 Mk46 torp or AS.12 • 1970: S.2A in RAF service. 20 surplus RN aircraft with optional
Remarks: Helicopter bay fuel tank, no Martel capability. Upgraded to S.2B sandard in
1972.
• S.2B: New-build RAF aircraft with Martel capability.
UNITED KINGDOM • S.2C is RN version with provision for buddy refuel tank, no Martel
capability.
Buccaneer S.1 Attack • S.2D is RN version with provision for AS.37 ARM or AJ.168 TV-
Gun Atk: -- Man Rtg: 2.5/1.5 guided version.
Size/Signature: Large/Large In Service: 1962 • 1974: RAF aircraft modified with extra 1932 litres of fuel in bomb
Counterm: 1st Gen D Bombsight: Ballistic bay door. Aircraft retains full internal weapons capability and can
Sensors: Blue Parrot radar. still carry internal bay tank. Internal fuel increased to 7219 kg,
Throttle Setting (speed in knots) cruise range to 2163 nm.
Altitude Cruise Full Mil Reheat • 1978: Last RN deployment on Ark Royal w/4 S.2C and 10 S.2D.
V/Low: 500(2.1) 610(2.5) -- All RN aircraft transferred to RAF. Adapted to carry GBU-10 Pave-
Med: 500(2.1) 574(2.4) -- way LGBs, Pave Spike FLIR/Laser pod. Can carry 3 GBU-10, 1
High: 500(2.1) 539(2.2) -- Pave Spike pod.
Ceiling: 12200 meters Engine Type: TJ • 1980: Wing fatigue leads to grounding. Of 90 aircraft in service, 15
Endurance Data Inflight Refuel: Y scrapped, 11 stored.
Cruise Range: 1700 nm Int Fuel: 5674 kg • 1984: WE.177 nuclear bomb capability removed.
Drop Tank Desc. Fuel Wt. Range Add. • 1985-86: Avionics update package added Sea Eagle, AIM-9G/L
Slipper tank 908 kg 213 nm capability. Can carry 4 Sea Eagle,1 Int bay tank. Countermeasures
M20 refuel pack 520 kg 160 nm upgraded to 2nd Gen D.
Ordnance Loadouts: Payload: 3630 kg • 1994: Removed from service.
Off Guns: None
• 4 1000 lb bombs internally, 4 1000 lb bombs externally Canberra B.2 Bomber
• 4 1000 lb bombs internally, 4 Matra 155 rocket pods externally. Gun Atk: -- Man Rtg: 2.0/1.0
• 1 slipper tank under port wing, 1 M20 buddy refuel pack under Size/Signature: Large/Large In Service: 1951
starboard wing. Counterm: None Bombsight: Ballistic
• 1 Red Beard nuclear bomb, 2 slipper tanks Sensors: ??? radar.
• Reconnaissance pack interally and Glowworm illumination rock- Throttle Setting (speed in knots)
ets under the wings. Altitude Cruise Full Mil Reheat
Remarks: V/Low: 450(1.9) 454(1.9) --
• Upgraded to S.2 standard starting 1964-65. All surviving S.1s Med: 350(1.5) 460(1.9) --
grounded 1970 until their conversion to S.2 standard. High: 350(1.5) 470(2.0) --
Ceiling: 14630 meters Engine Type: TJ
Buccaneer S.2B Attack Endurance Data Inflight Refuel: N
Gun Atk: -- Man Rtng: 2.5/1.5 Cruise Range: 3153 nm Int Fuel: 8267 kg
Size/Signature: Medium/Medium In Service: 1965 - 94 Drop Tank Desc. Fuel Wt. Range Add.
Counterm: 1st Gen D Bombsight: Ballistic Drop tank 886 kg 169 nm
Sensors: Blue Parrot radar, RWR Ordnance Loadouts: Payload: 2724 kg
Throttle Setting (speed in knots) • 8 Mk83 1000 lb bombs (6 internally and 2 externally)
Altitude Cruise Full Mil Reheat • 6 Mk83 1000 lb bombs internally, 2 AS.30 externally
V/Low: 500 (2.1) 610(2.5) • 6 Mk83 1000 lb or 8 Mk82 500 lb bombs internally, 2 drop tanks
Med: 500 (2.1) 574(2.4) Remarks: Represents various marks.
High: 500 (2.1) 539(2.2)
Ceiling: 12200 meters Engine Type: TF Chinook HC.1 Transport
Endurance Data Inflight Refuel: Y Gun Atk: -- Man Rtg: 0.5/0.5
Cruise Range: 1700 nm Int Fuel: 5674 kg Size/Signature: Large/Large In Service: 1981
Drop Tank Desc. Fuel Wt. Range Add. Counterm: None Bombsight: None
Slipper tank 908 kg 285 nm Sensors: None
M20 refuel pack 520 kg 160 nm Throttle Setting (speed in knots)
Internal bay tank 1598 kg 500 nm Altitude Cruise Full Mil Reheat
Ordnance Loadouts: Payload: 7257 kg V/Low: 137(0.6) 164(0.7) --
• 4 Mk13/18 1000 lb bomb internally, 4 1000 lb bombs externally Med: 137(0.6) 164(0.7) --
• 4 1000 lb bombs internally, 2 slipper tanks, 1 ALQ-101 ECM pod, Ceiling: 4570 meters Engine Type: TP
1 AIM-9B Sidewinder Endurance Data Inflight Refuel: N
• Internal bay tank, 4 1000 lb bombs externally Cruise Range: 218 nm Int Fuel: 3215 kg
• 4 1000 lb bombs internally, 8 BL755 externally. Ordnance Loadouts: Payload: 10536 kg
• 4 AS.37 Martel or 3 AJ.168 and data link pod. None.
• 1 slipper tank under port wing, 1 M20 buddy refuel pack under Remarks: Helicopter
starboard wing. Similar to CH-47C, Canadian CH-147.
• 1 2 WE.177 nuclear bombs internally, 2 slipper tanks
• 1 Mk4 30mm Aden cannon pod (Gun Atk 1.2), 2 BL755 or 2 AIM- Jaguar GR.3/3A Attack
9L/M Sidewinder or 2 454 kg bombs Gun Atk: 2 Man Rtg: 3.0/1.5
Size/Signature: Small/Small In Service: 1997/2000
Hunter FGA.9 Attack Counterm: 3rd Gen D Bombsight: Advanced
Gun Atk: 4 Man Rtg: 2.5/1.0 Sensors: LRMTS, RWR. Helmet-mounted sight.
Size/Signature: Small/Small In Service: 1960 - 68 Throttle Setting (speed in knots)
Counterm: None Bombsight: Basic Altitude Cruise Full Mil Reheat
Sensors: Range-only radar. V/Low: 440(1.8) 600(2.5) 725(3.0)
Throttle Setting (speed in knots) Med : 440(1.8) 650(2.7) 822(3.4)
Altitude Cruise Full Mil Reheat High: 440(1.8) 700(2.9) 918(3.8)
V/Low: 325(1.4) 610(2.5) -- Ceiling: 13000 meters Engine Type: TF
Med: 518(2.2) 564(2.4) -- Endurance Data Inflight Refuel: Y
High: 458(2.0) 538(2.2) -- Cruise Range: 1000 nm Int Fuel: 3355 kg
Ceiling: 15700 meters Engine Type: TJ Drop Tank Desc. Fuel Wt. Range Add.
Endurance Data Inflight Refuel: N 1200 L drop tank 960 kg 285 nm
Cruise Range: 392 nm Int Fuel: 1426 kg Ordnance Loadouts: Payload: 4763 kg
Drop Tank Desc. Fuel Wt. Range Add. Off Guns: 2 Aden Mk4 30mm @ 150 rds
100 gal tank 335 kg 55 nm • Carries 2 ASRAAM or AIM-9L/M on overwing HP in all configura-
230 gal tank 721 kg 140 nm tions.
Ordnance Loadouts: Payload: 2722 kg • 3 1200 L drop tanks, 2 ALARM
Off Guns: 4 30mm Aden @ 150 rds • 2 Matra 155, 2 1200 L drop tank, 4 BL755
• 16 3” Rocket Mk1 • 4 Mk83 1000 lb bombs, 2 1200 L drop tanks
• 4 Mk82 500 lb bombs • 8 Mk83 1000 lb bombs
• 2 Mk83 1000 lb bombs • 2 1200 L drop tanks, 1 ALQ-101, 1 TIALD laser designator, 2
Remarks: Hunter T.8M are modified to carry the Blue Fox radar for GBU-16
training Sea Harrier pilots. • 1 GBU-24, 2 1200 L Drop tanks, 1 ALQ-101, 1 TIALD laser
designator
Jaguar GR.1 Attack Remarks: Upgraded Jaguar GR.1s with helmet-mounted sight,
Gun Atk: 2 Man Rtg: 3.0/1.5 TIALD and ASRAAM capability.
Size/Signature: Small/Small In Service: 1974
Counterm:None Bombsight: Computing Javelin FAW.1-9 Interceptor
Sensors: LRMTS, RWR. Gun Atk: 2 Man Rtg: 3.0/1.0
Throttle Setting (speed in knots) Size/Signature: Small/Small In Service: Remarks - 66
Altitude Cruise Full Mil Reheat Counterm: None Bombsight: Basic
V/Low: 440 (1.8) 600 (2.5) 725 (3.0) Sensors: AI.27 (FAW.7) or AI.22 (US APQ-43) radar (FAW.8/9)
Med : 440 (1.8) 650 (2.7) 822 (3.4) Throttle Setting (speed in knots)
High: 440 (1.8) 700 (2.9) 918 (3.8) Altitude Cruise Full Mil Reheat
Ceiling: 13000 meters Engine Type: TF V/Low: 390 (1.6) 618 (2.5) --
Endurance Data Inflight Refuel: Y Med: 360 (1.5) 580 (2.4) --
Cruise Range: 1000 nm Int Fuel: 3355 kg High: 325 (1.4) 545 (2.3) 618 (2.5)
Drop Tank Desc. Fuel Wt. Range Add. Ceiling: 16090 meters Engine Type: TJ
1200 L drop tank 960 kg 285 nm Endurance Data Inflight Refuel: N
Ordnance Loadouts: Payload: 4763 kg Cruise Range: 548 nm Int Fuel: 3685 kg
Off Guns: 2 Aden Mk4 30mm @ 150 rds Drop Tank Desc. Fuel Wt. Range Add.
• 4 Matra 155, 4 Mk13/18 1000 lb bomb, 1 1200 L drop tank 250 IGal Ventral tank 875 kg 130 nm
• 6 BL.755 or 1000 lb bomb, AIM-9G/L, Phimat decoy pod 100 IGal drop tank 363 kg 54 nm
• 1200L drop tank, 4 BL.755 or 1000 lb bomb, AIM-9G/L, Phimat Ordnance Loadouts: Payload: 6000 kg
decoy pod Off Guns: 2 30mm Aden cannon.
• 2 1200 L drop tank, 2 BL.755 or 1000 lb bomb, AIM-9G/L, Phimat • In any configuration, 2 250 IGal ventral tanks can be added
decoy pod • 4 Firestreak
Remarks: • 4 2” rocket pods or 1000 lb bombs
• 1982: AIM-9, Phimat added. ALQ-101 ECM pod option to replace • 4 100 IGal drop tanks (ferry)
AIM-9 Remarks: FAW.1 entered service in 1956, AI.17 radar. FAW.2 had
• 1983: Upgraded with new navigation equipment, redesignated AI.22 (US APQ-43) radar and avionics, FAW.4 had modified tail
GR.1A. with all-flying horizontal stabilizer, AI.17 radar, IOC 1957. FAW.5
• 1990: Overwing pylons activated, add 2 AIM-9 to all loadouts, had increased fuel capacity (250 gal/907 kg) and AI.17 radar, IOC
ALQ-101 as standard. CBU-87 vice BL.755, LAU 5003 vice Matra 1957. FAW.6 was FAW.5 with AI.22 radar, IOC 1958. FAW.7 was
155. Capability to carry Mk13/18 Paveway II 1000 lb LGB (with principal service version, introduced improved engine, increased
another aircraft designating) fuel, first variant cleared to use Firestreak, 30mm reduced from 4 to
• 1995: TIALD added to 10 aircraft, known as GR.1B can designate 2, IOC 1959. FAW.8 had improved engine and AI.22 radar, 47 built.
Mk13/18 Paveway II. Mk7s still on order (76) converted to Mk8 standard starting 1960,
• 1997: Redesignated GR.3 with Advanced bombsight, more fitted designated FAW.9. Also added inflight refuel to Mk9 variant.
with TIALD
• 2000: Redesignated GR.3A, all fitted with TIALD, Helmet-mounted Lightning F.6 Interceptor
sight, Paveway III. Provision for ASRAAM vice AIM-9 and possibly Gun Atk: 2 Man Rtg: 3.0/1.0
ALARM in future. Size/Signature: Small/Small In Service: 1965 - 88
Counterm: 1st Gen D Bombsight: Basic
Sensors: AI.23 Airpass radar, RWR
tanks, Sky Shadow ECM pod, BOZ 107 chaff pod Throttle Setting (speed in knots)
• 7 ALARM, 2 1500 L drop tanks, Sky Shadow ECM pod, BOZ 107 Altitude Cruise Full Mil Reheat
chaff pod V/Low: 370 (1.5) 510 (2.1) --
• 8 Mk83 1000 lb bombs or BL755, 2 AIM-9L/M Sidewinder, 2 1500 Med: 370 (1.5) 510 (2.1) --
L drop tanks, Sky Shadow ECM pod High: 370 (1.5) 510 (2.1) --
• 2 Sea Eagle, 2 1500 L drop tanks (GR.1B only) Ceiling: 12800 meters Engine Type: TF
• 4 Sea Eagle (GR.1B only) Endurance Data Inflight Refuel: Remarks
Remarks: Cruise Range: 3385 nm Int Fuel: 70309 kg
GR.1A has no cannon, carries nose-mounted IR linescan sensor. Ordnance Loadouts: Payload: --
24 planes can carry Sea Eagle, designated GR.1B. None
Remarks:
Tornado GR.4 Attack VC.10 C.1 was tranasport version of commercial airliner. The C.1K
Gun Atk: 6 Man Rtg: 3.0/1.5 was adapted to carry hose reels under wings. K.2, 3, 4 were C.1s
Size/Signature: Large/Large In Service: 1998 converted to aerial tankers by adding fuel tanks in cabin, hose
Counterm: None Bombsight: Advanced reels under fuselage and wings. Different marks refer to differ-
Sensors: Tornado nose radar, FLIR, RWR, LRMTS, Crew NVG. ent model VC.10 airliners converted to the tanker configuation.
Does not have laser designator. Fuel transfer rate 1300 kg/minute from each of two wing hoses,
Throttle Setting (speed in knots) although typical rate is 600 kg/minute. Centreline hose capable of
Altitude Cruise Full Mil Reheat passing fuel at 2200 kg/minute.
V/Low: 400(1.7) 650(2.7) 792(3.3) • C.1: 14 converted, 13 in service from 1973 as transport with 150
Med: 400(1.7) 700(2.9) 1027(4.3) troops.
High: 400(1.7) 750(3.1) 1262(5.3) • C.1K: 13 converted from C.1 6/92-2/96. C.1K cannot refuel E-3
Ceiling: 15240 meters Engine Type: TF Sentry, C-130 Hercules, Nimrod, S-3 Viking, Tristar, VC.10 (these
Endurance Data Inflight Refuel: Y types can only refuel from CL hose). Inflight Refuel: D/2D. 70300 kg
Cruise Range: 1530 nm Int Fuel: 5216 kg fuel (10 hours endurance). Two retired 12/00, one 3/02.
Drop Tank Desc. Fuel Wt. Range Add. • K.2: 5 from 1985. Inflight Refuel: D/3D. 74000 kg fuel (Endurance
1500 L drop tank 1200 kg 350 nm 10.5 hours). All retired 2/01.
2250 L drop tank 1800 kg 530 nm • K.3: 4 from 1985. Inflight Refuel: D/3D. 80000 kg fuel (Endurance
Ordnance Loadouts: Payload: 9000 kg 11.4 hours).
Off Guns: 2 27mm Mauser cannon @ 180 rds • K.4: 5 from 2/94. Inflight Refuel: D/3D. 70300 kg fuel (Endurance
• 4 GBU-15, 2 ALARM, 2 AIM-9 10 hours). Retains full cargo space.
• 8 Mk83 1000 lb bombs or BL755, Sky Shadow ECM pod, BOZ
107 chaff pod Victor B.2 Bomber
• 1 WE 177 nuclear bomb, 2 AIM-9L/M Sidewinder, 2 1500 L drop Gun Atk: -- Man Rtg: 0.5/0.5
tanks, Sky Shadow ECM pod, BOZ 107 chaff pod Size/Signature: Large/Large In Service: 1962 - 74
• 7 ALARM, 2 1500 L drop tanks, Sky Shadow ECM pod, BOZ 107 Counterm: 1st Gen D Bombsight: Ballistic
chaff pod Sensors: H2S radar.
• 8 Mk83 1000 lb bombs or BL755, 2 AIM-9L/M Sidewinder, 2 1500 Throttle Setting (speed in knots)
L drop tanks, Sky Shadow ECM pod Altitude Cruise Full Mil Reheat
Remarks: Mid-life upgrade, 142 GR.1 aircraft being converted, V/Low: 500(2.1) 530(2.2) --
complete by 2002. Can carry TILAD pod. FLIR allows terrain- Med: 500(2.1) 530(2.2) --
following flight without use of radar in clear weather. Can tune High: 500(2.1) 530(2.2) --
ALARM in flight. Ceiling: 16800 meters Engine Type: TF
Endurance Data Inflight Refuel: Y
Tristar K.1 Tanker Cruise Range: 3080 nm Int Fuel: ??? kg
Gun Atk: -- Man Rtg: 0.5/0.5 Drop Tank Desc. Fuel Wt. Range Add.
Size/Signature: Large/Large In Service: 1985 1500 IGal d. tank 5446 kg ??? nm
Counterm: None Bombsight: None Ordnance Loadouts: Payload: 15890 kg
Sensors: None • 35 Mk83 1000 lb bombs
Throttle Setting (speed in knots) • Free-fall nuclear weapon internally
Altitude Cruise Full Mil Reheat • Blue Steel nuclear standoff weapon
V/Low: 480(2.0) 545(2.3) -- Remarks: B.1 entered service in 1958, B.2 in1962, added Blue
Med: 480(2.0) 545(2.3) -- Steel capability. Converted to tankers in the early 1970s.
High: 480(2.0) 545(2.3) --
Ceiling: 12800 meters Engine Type: TF Victor K.2 Tanker
Endurance Data Inflight Refuel: Y/3 Gun Atk: -- Man Rtg: 0.5/0.5
Cruise Range: 1943 nm Int Fuel: 136080 kg Size/Signature: Large/Large In Service: 1974 - 93
Ordnance Loadouts: Payload: 37784 kg Counterm: None Bombsight: None
None Sensors: H2S radar, RWR.
Remarks: Converted L-1011 airliner. Nine purchased. Two are K.1, Throttle Setting (speed in knots)
four are KC.1 with cargo door, three are airliner configuration with Altitude Cruise Full Mil Reheat
no refueling capability. Hose under fuselage, transfer rate 1814 kg/ V/Low: 500(2.1) 530(2.2) --
min. Two Mk32 refueling pods under wings, can transfer at 1134 kg/ Med: 500(2.1) 530(2.2) --
min. Can also carry passengers or cargo. High: 500(2.1) 530(2.2) --
Ceiling: 16000 meters Engine Type: TF
VC.10 Tanker Endurance Data Inflight Refuel: Y/2
Gun Atk: -- Man Rtg: 0.5/0.5 Cruise Range: 3997 nm Int Fuel: 55886 kg
Size/Signature: Large/Large In Service: 1984 Ordnance Loadouts: Payload: None
Counterm: None Bombsight: None
Mount Name Barrels Surf Surf Ph/Mt Surf Ph/Mt Surf DPs Surf DPs Armor FC GCS
Country Bore/Calibre /Mount Rng (nm) 01-50% 51-100% 01-50% 51-100% Pent Mode Rating Remarks
Country Bore/Calibre /Mount Rng (nm) 01-50% 51-100% Alt Mode Remarks
FC Mode: Remarks:
RA = Radar A Gun can fire armor piercing (AP) rounds.
EO = Electro-Optic B Autonomous mount.
OP = Optical or Local Control C Manually loaded, small magazine. Do not check for mount explosion if hit.
White Ensign
Annex D - Surface Missiles
Surf Air Min
Msl Range Range Range ATA Speed Max Min Trajec- Warhd Dmg RCS ROF Print
White Ensign
Country Name Guidance Gen (nm) (nm) (nm) Rating (kts) Alt (m) Alt (m) tory (kg) Pts Size /turn IOC Remarks
Austr Ikara 1.0 9.7 495 Mk46 Mod 2 torp Automatic reloading
system takes one Tac Turn.
USA RUR-5A ASROC 0.5 5.0 660 Mk46 torp
USA RUM-139A VL ASROC 2.5 12.0 660 Mk46 or Mk50 torp Mk41 & Mk48 VLS.
UK Mk7 Heavy Depth Charge 191 132 11 Int III Surface ship
UK Mk11 Mod 3 Depth Charge 145 80 9 Shallow Aircraft
UK WE-177C Nuclear Depth Bomb 500 - - Deep Aircraft Similar to US Mk57.
Estimated yield 15 kT.
USA Mk17 Depth Charge 147 106 10 Shallow Aircraft
USA Mk47 Depth Charge 161 114 11 Shallow Aircraft
S-1
Annex S (modified) Land Antiaircraft Systems
Range Min ATA Speed Dist/ Max Min
Country System Name Guidance (nm) Rng (nm) Gen Rating (kts) Phase Alt Alt
Sweden RBS 70 SALH 2.7 0.3 2 4.5 660 2.8 Low NOE
UK Bloodhound I Cmd 34.6 4.0 1 2.0 2000 8.3 VHi Low
UK Bloodhound II SARH 57.6 4.0 1 2.5 2000 8.3 VHi Low
UK Blowpipe Cmd 1.6 0.4 1 2.5 660 2.8 Low NOE
UK Javelin SACLOS 2.4 0.2 2 3.0 1300 5.4 Low NOE
UK Rapier, Towed SACLOS 3.5 0.4 2 4.0 1147 4.8 Med NOE
UK Rapier, Tracked SACLOS 3.5 0.4 2 4.0 1147 4.8 Med NOE
UK Rapier Field Std A SACLOS 3.5 0.4 2 4.0 1147 4.8 Med NOE
UK Rapier Field Std B SACLOS 3.5 0.4 2 5.0 1147 4.8 Med NOE
UK Rapier Field Std C SACLOS 4.3 0.3 3 6.0 1375 4.8 Med NOE
UK Starstreak Laser Beam-R 3.8 0.2 2 5.5 2295 9.6 Low NOE
UK Thunderbird I SARH 26.1 2e 2 1.5 2000 8.3 VHi Low
UK Thunderbird II SARH 40.5 2e 2 2.0 2000 8.3 VHi Low
UK Tigercat Manual Cmd 2.5 0.7 1 2.0 400 1.7 Med NOE
USA Stinger IRH 3.0 0.1 2 4 1452 6.1 Low NOE
USA Stinger-POST IRH 3.0 0.1 3 5 1452 6.1 Low NOE
8.0 30
UK JP233 Tandem .90 SG 357 Disp 2355 30*25.8 Low 30 SG 357 anti-runway shaped-charge bomblets.
— HB 876 Disp 215*mines Low 215 HB 876 area denial mines.
UK JP233 underwing .90 SG 357 Disp 1370 30*25.8 Low 30 SG 357 anti-runway shaped-charge bomblets.
UK JP233 underwing HB 876 Disp 1150 215*mines Low 215 HB 876 area denial mines.
All Laser-guided bombs .80 1 Varies Varies High - Med Must designate the runway.
All 1000kg bomb .60 1 1000 Varies Med Low-drag bombs only. High-drag bombs won’t penetrate runway.
All 500kg bomb .60 1 500 Varies Med Low-drag bombs only. High-drag bombs won’t penetrate runway.
All 227kg bomb .60 1 227 Varies Med Low-drag bombs only. High-drag bombs won’t penetrate runway.
Pcut = Probability that a cut has occurred given that the munitions hit the target.
Release Altitude = The altitude that the munitions must be released from to successfully inflict a cut should it hit.
White Ensign
G-1
White Ensign 69
Annex G1 Unguided Air Ordnance
Gener- Hang
Country Name ation Wt(kg) Remarks
Sweden BOZ 107 1 or 2 325 Dispenses chaff/IR flares, for Tornado aircraft.
UK Atlantic FLIR Pod 2 100 Navigation FLIR pod.
UK Blue Eric ECM Pod 1 200 Def. jamming pod for Harriers
(Sky Shadow & ALQ-101 too large).
UK Sky Shadow ECM Pod 2 300 Defensive jamming pod for Tornado.
UK TIALD Attack Pod 2 210 FLIR and laser designator pod.
UK Data Link Pod – ??? Required to operate AS.37 Martel or AJ.168
UK Masquerade Decoy Pod 2 250 Pod for dispensing chaff or flares.
UK VICON 70 Decoy Pod 2 210 Pod for dispensing chaff or flares.
USA ALQ-101 ECM Pod 1 250 Defensive jamming pod. (V)8 for UK Buccaneers.
USA ALQ-131 ECM Pod 2 265 Defensive jamming pod.
USA ALQ-165 ECM Pod 2 172 Defensive jamming pod. Podded version of ASPJ.
USA Pave Spike — 193 Laser designator pod. ASQ-153.
Dam
Country Name Pts Remarks
France AM.39 Exocet I/TARH 2 2 38 613 Cruise VLow VLow 654 165 33 VSmall -- 1978 SS.
Remarks Notes:
Missiles with slewable seekers are treated as all-aspect weapons unless used with a helmet mounted sight.
US AIM-120 AMRAAM can be fired in a bore-sight mode during a dogfight. The second ATA value is for this mode.
H-1
71
J-1
72 White Ensign
Canada CMR-4 AS 50 50 37 16 5
Canada LN-66/CMR-85 SS 27 21 12 7 4
Canada LN-66/SP SS 40 28 16 9 5
Canada Sperry Mk2 SS 51 28 16 9 5
Canada Sperry Mk127E SS 40 28 16 9 5
Canada Sperry Mk340 SS 48 32 18 10 6
Canada SPS-501 AS 145 100 74 32 10
Canada SPS-502 SS 36 28 16 9 5
Canada SPS-503 AS 86 86 77 33 10
SS 48 32 18 10 6
FRG Atlas 1500-4300 SS 44 25 14 8 4
FRG Atlas 7600/8600/9600 SS 57 32 18 10 6
Intl Navigation radar (Generic) SS 36 25 14 8 4
Japan Furuno Generic SS 48 28 16 9 5
Japan Furuno FR-1500 Mk2 Series SS 57 32 18 10 6
Japan Furuno FR-1600 Series SS 24 21 12 7 4
Japan Furuno FR-1700 Series SS 36 27 15 9 5
Japan Furuno FR-1900 Series SS 48 28 16 9 5
Nethl DA.08 AS 145 120 89 38 11
SS 24 24 18 10 6
Nethl LW.01 AS 145 100 74 32 10
Nethl LW.02/03 AS 145 100 74 32 10
Nethl LW.08 AS 145 142 106 45 14
SS 24 24 18 10 6
Sweden Sea Giraffe 150HC AS 72 45 34 14 4
SS 40 32 18 10 6
UK AWS-1 AS 100 80 60 25 8
UK AWS-2 AS 100 80 60 25 8
SS 47 26 15 8 5
UK AWS-3 AS 140 100 75 32 10
SS 47 26 15 8 5
UK AWS-5 AS 130 113 84 36 11
SS 24 24 18 10 6
UK AWS-6 (Dolphin) AS 130 126 94 40 12
SS 30 30 20 11 6
UK Decca Generic SS 25 25 14 8 4
UK Decca 200/300 Series SS 25 19 11 6 3
UK Decca 400 Series SS 25 23 13 7 4
UK Decca 600 Series SS 25 19 11 6 3
UK Decca 900 Series SS 25 25 14 8 4
UK Decca 1200 Series SS 48 28 16 9 5
UK Decca 1600 Series SS 48 28 16 9 5
UK Decca 2000 Series SS 48 32 18 10 6
UK Decca 2459 AS 48 33 25 11 3
SS 48 28 16 9 5
UK Kelvin-Hughes Generic SS 36 25 14 8 4
UK Kelvin-Hughes 500 series SS 38 21 12 7 4
Australia ASSTASS T — 6.8 VLF-LF Surf Long, slow speed towed array.
Australia Karriwarra T — 4.3 VLF-LF Sub Short, slow speed towed array.
Australia Mulloka H 2.1 0.9 HF Surf Replacing SQS-56 on O.H. Perrys.
Australia Narama T — 6.8 VLF-LF Sub Long, slow speed towed array.
Australia PIPRS Loc — — Sub Ranging program vs. active sonars.
Australia Scylla H 2.6 2.6 LF-MF Sub Adv. ELEDONE suite.
Australia SSQ-801 Barra S — 2.1 VLF-HF Air Passive, Directional.
Canada BQG-501 MicroPUFFS Loc — 1.7 MF Sub Passive ranging sonar.
Canada SQR-501 CANTASS T — 6.8 VLF-LF Surf SQR-19 array w/new processors.
Canada SQS-501 H 0.4 — HF Surf Similar to UK Type 162.
Canada SQS-502 FC 1.3 — HF Surf UK Type 170B.
Canada SQS-503 H 1.7 0.4 MF Surf
Canada SQS-504 T 1.7 0.4 MF Surf Similar to UK Type 199 VDS.
Canada SQS-505 H or T 2.6 1.7 MF Surf
Canada SQS-507 Helen T 1.7 0.9 MF Surf Smaller SQS-505 for use in VDS.
Canada SQS-509 H 3 1.3 MF Surf
Canada SQS-510 H 3.4 1.7 MF Surf Integrated suite with SQS-505
and CANTASS
Canada SSQ-14A S — 0.4 VLF-MF Air Jezebel LOFAR Buoy. 13.5 hr life.
Canada SSQ-31/SSQ-512 S 2.6 0.9 VLF-HF Air “Julie.” Explosive echo-ranging.
Canada SSQ-517/518 S — 0.9 VLF-HF Air LOFAR. Passive, Omnidirectional.
Canada SSQ-519/521 S — 0.9 VLF-HF Surf LOFAR. Passive, Omnidirectional.
Canada SSQ-522 S 0.9 — HF Air Canadian SSQ-47. Range Only.
Canada SSQ-523 CANCASS S 0.9 — MF Air Canadian SSQ-50. Range Only.
Canada SSQ-525 S — 1.7 VLF-MF Air Canadian version of SSQ-77 VLAD
Canada SSQ-527B S — 0.9 VLF-HF Air LOFAR. Passive, Omnidirectional.
Canada SSQ-529 DICANCASS S 1.7 0.9 MF Air DICASS. Passive, Directional.
Canada SSQ-530 DIFAR S — 0.9 VLF-MF Air Passive, Directional.
Canada SSQ-531 S — 1.7 VLF-MF Air Directional passive line-array.
France DUUX 5 Fenelon Loc — 2.1 LF-MF Sub Passive search and ranging sonar.
France Spherion (TSM 2633) H&T 3 0.9 HF Surf Keel array and VDS.
France TSM 2255 Loc — 2.6 LF-MF Sub Passive search and ranging sonar.
FRG CSU 3-4 H 2.1 1.7 LF-MF Sub Electronically steered active array.
Norway Simrad SU H 1.3 — HF Surf Searchlight sonar.
UK ATAS T 5.1 1.7 LF-MF Surf Active towed array system.
Recommended scale is 1 nm = 2 inches or 1000 yards = 1 inch (which will mean that speed in kts/60 = distance traveled in inches)
Speed in knots/240 = nautical miles covered in one Engagement Turn Movement Phase.
Speed in knots/20 = nautical miles covered in one Tactical turn.
Speed in knots/2 = nautical miles covered in one Intermediate turn.
1 nm = 1.852 km = 2000 yards = 1.14 land miles = one minute of latitude (one degree of latitude = 60 nm)
Damage point capability for ships depends on their standard displacement (submerged displacement for subs).
If the displacement is: The Damage points are:
0 to 500 tons: (T / 20)
501 to 5000 tons: (T / 30) + 9
5001 to 12000 tons: (T / 50) + 76
12000 tons and above: (T / 60) + 116
The displacement-based damage points are used to find a ships size class. For damage resistance, the following modifiers apply:
Warships built to mercantile standards (implying less wantertight compartmentalization and lower shock criteria) : -15%
Materials other than steel used in a large part of the ship’s construction:
Titanium: +15%
GRP: -10%
Aluminum: -15%
Wood: -25%
Submarines (less reserve bouyancy) : -50%
Merchant ships (minimal DC fittings, large cargo holds, no transverse bulkheads) : -50%
Hovercraft/SES (light construction) : -50%
Soviet-designed surface vessels: -10%
Supertankers: -75%
Poor workmanship: -10%
Fleet Auxiliary or Amphibious ship (cargo holds) : -25%
If a ship entered service before 1925, multiply its damage point total by 0.85.
Most merchant ships are rated by “GRT” or “Gross Registered Tonnage.” This is not the same as Standard Displacement, which is usually
computed only for warships. To calculate damage points from GRT, multiply the merchant’s GRT by 75%, then use the formula above.
Some ship classes, because of special construction techniques (titanium hulls, for example), will have a damage modifier listed along with
other data in the remarks. This factor is already taken into account in the damage point value.
The damage point levels are computed at 25, 50, 75, 90, and 100 percent of total damage.
802
Equip — Aug 1945 F Mk15 Seafire
Equip — Apr 1948 F Mk10 Sea Fury
Equip — Jun 1948 FB Mk11 Sea Fury
Disband
Reform — — 1954 F Mk2 Sea Hawk
Equip — — 1956 FGA Mk6 Sea Hawk
Disband
810
Reform 01 Oct 1947 FR Mk4 Firefly
Disband 16 Oct 1949
Reform — — 1949 Mk5 Firefly
Equip — Mar 1954 FB Mk11 Sea Fury
Disband 22 Mar 1955
Reform 20 Apr 1959 AS Mk4 Gannet
Disband 12 Jul 1960
811
Equip — Apr 1946 (12) FB Mk6 Sea Mosquito
Equip — Dec 1946 (6) FB Mk6 Sea Mosquito
Disband 01 Jul 1947
Reform
Equip — — 1954 FB Mk3 Sea Hawk 815
Equip — — 1956 FGA Mk6 Sea Hawk Barracuda Mk3
Disband Equip — May 1953 TBM-3E Avenger
Equip — Jan 1954 AS Mk4 Avenger
Equip — Jul 1954 AS Mk5 Avenger
812 Equip — Oct 1955 AS Mk1 Gannet
Equip — Mar 1948 FR Mk4 Firefly Equip — — 1957 AS Mk4 Gannet
Equip — Jul 1948 (12)FR Mk5 Firefly Equip — Sep 1958 HAS Mk7 Whirlwind
Equip — Sep 1948 +(4)NM Mk1 Firefly Equip — Jan 1959 HAR Mk3 Whrilwind
Equip — — 1955 AS Mk1 Gannet Squad — Aug 1959 737
Disband Reform 04 Jul 1961 (8) HAS Mk1 Wessex
Disband 07 Oct 1966
813 Reform 01 Jan 1981 HAS Mk2 Lynx
Reform 01 Sep 1945 TF Mk4 Firebrand
Disband 30 Sep 1946 816 RAN
Reform 01 May 1947 TF Mk5 Firebrand Reform 28 Aug 1948 FR Mk4 Firefly
Equip — Aug 1953 S Mk4 Wyvern Equip — Oct 1951 FR Mk5 Firefly
Disband — Nov 1955
Reform — — 1957 S Mk4 Wyvern
Disband 22 Apr 1958 817 RAN
— — 1950 Mk5 Firefly
Equip — Dec 1951 AS Mk6 Firefly
814
Equip — Apr 1948 FR Mk4 Firefly (—)819
Equip — Nov 1948 FR Mk5 Firefly Squad 05 Oct 1961 (5) HAS Mk1 Wessex
Equip — Mar 1954 AS Mk5 Avenger Equip — Apr 1968
Equip — Nov 1955 AS Mk1 Gannet Disband
Equip — — 1957 AS Mk4 Gannet Reform 09 Feb 1971 HAS Mk5 Seaking
Disband
Reform 28 Nov 1961 (8) HAS Mk1 Wessex
Equip — Aug 1967 HAS Mk3 Wessex
Reform 30 Mar 1973 HAS Mk5 Sea King
820 826
— — 1951 Mk5 Firefly AS Mk6 Firefly
Equip — — —— AS Mk6 Firefly Equip — Jan 1955 AS Mk1 Gannet
Equip — Feb 1954 AS Mk4 Avenger Equip — Oct 1968 HAS Mk3 Wessex
Equip 07 Mar 1955 AS Mk1 Gannet Disband 25 Mar 1970
Equip — — 1956 AS Mk4 Gannet Reform 02 Jun 1970 HAS Mk5 Sea King
Equip — Jan 1958 HAS Mk7 Whirlwind
Disband 827
Reform — Sep 1964 HAS Mk1 Wessex — — 1950 FR Mk1 Firefly
Equip — May 1969 (4) HAS Mk3 Wessex Disband
Disband Reform 13 Dec 1950 TF Mk5 Firebrand
Equip — Dec 1972 HAS Mk5 SeaKing Disband 03 Dec 1952
Reform 01 Nov 1954 S Mk4 Wyvern
824 Disband — Nov 1955
AS Mk6 Firefly
Equip — Jul 1953 TBM-3E Avenger 830
Equip — — —— AS Mk4 Avenger Reform — Nov 1955 S Mk4 Wyvern
Equip — Feb 1955 AS Mk1 Gannet Disband 05 Jan 1957
Equip — Oct 1956 AS Mk4 Gannet
Disband 01 Nov 1957
Reform 831
Equip — Apr 1958 HAS Mk7 Whirlwind Reform — Nov 1955 S Mk4 Wyvern
Reform 24 Feb 1970 HAS Mk5 Seaking Disband 10 Dec 1957
847
— — 1956 AS Mk1 Gannet
Equip — — 1957 AS Mk4 Gannet
Disband
Reform — May 1963 HAS Mk7 Whirlwind
Disband — Dec 1964
Reform
Equip HU Mk5 Wessex
Disband — — 1982
848
Reform 29 Oct 1952 HAR Mk21 Whirlwind
Disband — Dec 1956
Reform 14 Oct 1958 HAS Mk22 Whirlwind
Equip — Nov 1959 HAS Mk7 Whirlwind
Disband — Jul 1963
Renum 19 Apr 1982 HU Mk5 Wessex
Disband — — 1982
893
Reform 07 May 1956 F Mk21 Sea Venom
Equip — Jan 1959 F Mk22 Sea Venom
Disband — Feb 1960
Reform 09 Sep 1960 F Mk1 Sea Vixen
Disband
Reform 04 Nov 1965 F Mk2 Sea Vixen
Disband 14 Jul 1970
894
Reform 14 Jan 1957 F Mk22 Sea Venom
Disband 17 Dec 1960
897
Equip — Oct 1945 F Mk17 Seafire
Equip — — 1954 FB Mk3 Sea Hawk
Equip — — 1956 FGA Mk6 Sea Hawk
Disband
898
Equip — — 1953 F Mk1 Sea Hawk
Equip — — 1954 FB Mk3 Sea Hawk
Equip — — 1956 FGA Mk6 Sea Hawk
Disband
899
Reform 01 Feb 1961 F Mk1 Sea Vixen
Disband
Reform 15 Jun 1964 F Mk2 Sea Vixen
Disband 23 Jan 1972
Bibliography
Angelucci, Enzo & Bowers, Peter M., The American Fighter, Orion Books, 1985
Cocker, Maurice P.
Destroyers of the Royal Navy 1893-1981, Ian Allan, 1981
Royal Naval Submarines 1901-1982, Frederick Warne, 1982
Flintham, Victor, Air Wars and Aircraft, Facts on File, 1990
Friedman, Norman
British Carrier Aviation, Naval Institute Press, 1988
Naval Radar, Naval Institute Pess, 1981
Gardiner, Robert, ed.,
Conway’s all the Worlds Fighting Ships 1922-1946, Naval Institute Press, 1984
Conway’s all the Worlds Fighting Ships 1947-1995, Naval Institute Press, 1979
Green, William, World Guide to Combat Planes, Doubleday, 1967
Grove, Eric, From Vanguard to Trident, Bodley Head, 1987
Hobbs, Cdr David, Aircraft Carriers of the Royal and Commonwealth Navies, Greenhill Books, 1996
Hodges, Peter, and Friedman, Norman, Destroyer Weapons of World War 2, Naval Institute Press, 1979
Jefford, Wing Cmdr C G, RAF Squadrons, Airlife, 1987
Mason, Francis K., The British Fighter Since 1912, Naval Institute Press, 1992
Moore, Capt. John E., Warships of the Royal Navy, Macdonald and Jane’s, 1979
Miller, David & Jordan, John, Modern Submarine Warfare, Military Press, 1987
Miller, David & Miller, Chris, Modern Naval Warfare, Crescent Books, 1987
Rand McNally Encylclopedia of Aircraft
Sturtivant, Ray
British Naval Aviation, Naval Institute Press, 1990
The Fleet Air Arm, 1917-1990
Sturtivant, Ray & Ballance, T., The Squadrons of the FAA, Air Britain, 1994
Swanborough, Gordon & Bowers, Peter M., United States Navy Aircraft since 1911, Naval Institute Press, 1990
Thetford, Owen
Aircraft of the Royal Air Force Since 1918, Nautical & Aviation Publishing, 1988
British Naval Aircraft Since 1912, Naval Institute Press, 1991
Williams, Ray, Royal Navy Aircraft Since 1945
Book Series
Combat Fleets of the World, A.D. Baker III, ed.
Jane’s All the World’s Aircraft, John W.R. Taylor, ed
Jane’s Fighting Ships, Capt. J.E. Moore, RN, ed.
Squadron/Signal Aircraft in Action, various authors
Warship, Robert Gardiner ed.
Weyer’s Warships of the World, Werner Globke, ed.
World Naval Weapons Systems, by Norman Friedman.
Periodicals
Armed Forces Flying Review
International Defence Review Jane’s Defence Weekly
Maritime Defence Naval Forces
Navy International Sea Power
Naval Institute Proceedings Warship International
Warship World
Official Sources
Operating Data Manuals and/or Pilots Notes held by the FAA and RAF museums. These booklets are type-specific.
Public Records Office fles in the FO371 series and DEFE4 and 6 series.
The RAN Fleet Air Arm museum
British Defence Policy East of Suez Darby OUP 1973
Konfrontasi Mackie OUP 1974
The Internet
Alex’s Royal Navy Page www.netcomuk.co.uk/~awalton/navy/navy.html
RAAF Museum-Point Cook (Home Page) www.nasma.com/raafmus/index.html
RN Combatant Series www.strath.ac.uk/~aeu95313/mcs.html
Dave’s Reference of Choice www.magmacom.com/~trea/daveref.html
Canadian Navy Home Page www.marlant.halifax.dnd.ca