Statistical Techniques in Business and Economics, 17e (Lind)

Chapter 4 Describing Data: Displaying and Exploring Data

1) A dot plot is an easy way to represent the relationship between two variables.

2) A dot plot is useful for quickly graphing frequencies in a small data set.

3) A dot plot shows the symmetry of a distribution.

4) A dot plot is useful for showing individual observations.

5) A dot plot is useful for showing the range of the data.

6) Quartiles divide a distribution into four equal parts.

7) Quartiles divide a distribution into 10 equal parts.

8) Percentiles divide a distribution into 100 equal parts.

9) A student scored in the 85th percentile on a standardized test. This means that the student scored
lower than 85% of all students who took the test.

10) The 50th percentile of a distribution is the same as the distribution mean.

11) A box plot graphically shows the 10th and 90th percentiles.

12) The "box" in a box plot shows the interquartile range.

13) A box plot shows the skewness of a distribution.

14) The coefficient of skewness is the standard deviation divided by the mean.

15) Pearson's coefficient of skewness is a measure of a distribution's symmetry.

16) If a distribution is negatively skewed, the distribution is not symmetrical and the long tail is to
the left.

17) A scatter diagram of sales versus production is labeled with sales on the Y-axis and production
on the X-axis.

18) A scatter diagram of sales versus production may be constructed by plotting the minimum, first
quartile, median, third quartile, and maximum values of each variable.

19) A scatter diagram is used to illustrate a relationship between gender and the preference for
Coke or Pepsi.

20) A relationship between two nominal variables is summarized by a contingency table.

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21) A stem-and-leaf diagram shows the actual data values.

22) In a stem-and-leaf display, the leaf represents a class of a frequency distribution.

23) In a stem-and-leaf display, the leaf represents the members of a class in a frequency
distribution.

24) A dot plot shows ________.

A) the general shape of a distribution
B) the mean, median, and mode
C) the relationship between two variables
D) the interquartile range

25) A dot plot is best applied when ________.

A) the mean, median, and mode are equal
B) the general shape of a distribution is symmetric
C) the relationship between two variables is summarized
D) a single variable is summarized

26) A dot plot is best applied for a data set with ________.
A) 1,000 observations
B) 50 observations
C) more than one variable
D) one mode

27) A dot plot can be used to show ________.

A) the mean, median, and mode
B) the general shape of a distribution for a nominal qualitative variable
C) the distribution for a quantitative variable
D) the interquartile range

28) The following graph is a ________.

A) Dot plot
B) Stem-and-leaf diagram
C) Box plot
D) Contingency table

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29) The test scores for a class of 147 students are computed. What is the location of the test score
associated with the third quartile?
A) 111
B) 37
C) 74
D) 75%

30) Quartiles divide a distribution into ________.

A) 2 equal parts
B) 4 equal parts
C) 10 equal parts
D) 100 equal parts

31) In a distribution, the second quartile corresponds with the ________.

A) mean
B) median
C) mode
D) variance

32) Percentiles divide a distribution into ________.

A) 2 equal parts
B) 4 equal parts
C) 10 equal parts
D) 100 equal parts

33) To locate the percentile for a given observation in a data set, the data must be ________.
A) sorted and listed from the minimum to the maximum values
B) displayed in a histogram
C) summarized in a frequency distribution
D) distributed symmetrically around the mean

34) If a student places in the 99th percentile on an exam, she performed better than 99% of all
students who completed the exam. Her performance is similar to a statement based on a ________.
A) frequency table
B) cumulative frequency distribution
C) histogram
D) pie chart

35) In the following set of data: (1, 3, 5, 6, 7, 9, 100), what are the first, second, and third quartiles?
A) 1, 6, and 100
B) 3, 5, and 9
C) 3, 6, and 9
D) 1, 5, and 100

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36) The following graph is a ________.

A) dot plot
B) stem-and-leaf display
C) box plot
D) contingency table

37) What statistics are needed to draw a box plot?

A) The minimum, maximum, median, first and third quartiles
B) The median, mean, and standard deviation
C) The median and interquartile range
D) The mean and standard deviation

38) A box plot shows ________.

A) the mean and variance
B) the relative symmetry of a distribution for a set of data
C) the 10th and 90th percentiles of a distribution
D) the deciles of a distribution

39) What does the interquartile range describe?

A) The range of the lower 50% of the observations
B) The range of the middle 50% of the observations
C) The range of the upper 50% of the observations
D) The ranges of the lower 25% and the upper 25% of the observations

40) The interquartile range is graphically presented in a ________.

A) dot plot
B) stem-and-leaf display
C) box plot
D) contingency table

41) Outliers are clearly presented in a ________.

A) dot plot
B) stem-and-leaf display
C) box plot
D) contingency table

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42) Using the following statistics to describe a distribution of data, what is the interquartile range?

Minimum = 10
Q1 = 25
Median = 50
Q3 = 75
Maximum = 95
A) 85
B) 50
C) 15
D) 20

43) If the coefficient of skewness is equal to zero, the shape of the distribution is ________.
A) negatively skewed
B) symmetric
C) positively skewed
D) unknown

44) The range of the coefficient of skewness is ________.

A) values greater than or equal to zero or always positive
B) values less than or equal to zero or always negative
C) both positive and negative values
D) values between −1 and +1

45) The following graph is ________.

A) positively skewed
B) negatively skewed
C) symmetric
D) uniformly distributed

46) A large oil company is studying the number of gallons of gasoline purchased per customer at
self-service pumps. The mean number of gallons is 10.0, with a standard deviation of 3.0 gallons.
The median is 10.75 gallons. What is Pearson's coefficient of skewness in this instance?
A) −1.00
B) −0.75
C) +0.75
D) +1.00

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47) What is the value of the Pearson coefficient of skewness for a distribution with a mean of 17, a
median of 12, and a standard deviation of 6?
A) +2.5
B) −2.5
C) +0.83
D) −0.83

48) What is the possible range of values for Pearson's coefficient of skewness?
A) −1 and +1
B) −3 and +3
C) 0% and 100%
D) Unlimited values

49) A sample of experienced typists revealed that their mean typing speed is 87 words per minute
and the median typing speed is 73 words per minute. The standard deviation of typing speed is
16.9 words per minute. What is the Pearson coefficient of skewness?
A) −2.5
B) −4.2
C) +4.2
D) +2.5

50) The following graph is a ________.

A) dot plot
B) stem-and-leaf display
C) box plot
D) scatter diagram

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51) The following graph illustrates ________.

A) a positive or direct relationship

B) a negative or inverse relationship
C) no relationship
D) a distribution for a single variable

52) In a scatter diagram, we describe the relationship between ________.

A) two variables measured at the ordinal level
B) two variables, one measured as an ordinal variable and the other as a ratio variable
C) two variables measured at the interval or ratio level
D) a variable measure on the interval or ratio level and time

53) In a contingency table, we describe the relationship between ________.

A) two variables measured at the ordinal or nominal level
B) two variables, one measured as an ordinal variable and the other as a ratio variable
C) two variables measured at the interval or ratio level
D) a variable measure on the interval or ratio level and time

54) A contingency table would be used to summarize data such as ________.

A) company employees by gender and organizational title
B) company employees by gender and age
C) company employees by compensation and age
D) company employees by compensation and years with the company

55) A stem-and-leaf display includes the following row: 3 | 0 1 3 5 7 9. Assume that the data are
rounded to the nearest whole number. Which of the following statements is true?
A) The frequency of the class is 7.
B) The minimum value in the class is 0.
C) The maximum value in the class is 39.
D) The class interval is 5.

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56) The following table is a ________.

A) dot plot
B) stem-and-leaf display
C) box plot
D) contingency table

57) A stem-and-leaf display includes the following row: 5 | 10 11 31 52 79 98. Assume that the
data are rounded to the nearest whole number.
A) The frequency of the class is 7.
B) The minimum value in the class is 5.
C) The maximum value in the class is 98.
D) The class interval is 100.

58) In the following table,

1 35
2 1579
3 2468
4 56

A) the median is 2.5.

B) the minimum value is 135.
C) the maximum value is 456.
D) the range is 33.

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59) In the following table,

1 35
2 1579
3 2468
4 56

A) there are 16 observations.

B) there are 4 observations in the second class.
C) there are 10 observations less than 30.
D) there are 10 observations greater than 30.

60) The median of a sample will always equal the ________.

A) mode
B) mean
C) 50th percentile
D) All of these answers are correct.

61) The 75th percentile is referred to as the ________.

A) first quartile
B) second quartile
C) third quartile
D) fourth quartile

62) The 67th percentile is ________.

A) the value above which 67% of the observations occur
B) a value one less than 67% of the observations
C) the value below which 67% of the observations occur
D) the value of the observation at the 67th location

63) The eighth decile ________.

A) contains at least 70% of the observations
B) is the same as the 40th percentile
C) is the same as the 70th percentile
D) is the same as the 80th percentile

64) Which of the following is NOT a measure of dispersion?

A) The interquartile range
B) The standard deviation
C) The 50th percentile
D) The range

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