PF He Brochure

Aluminum Plate-Fin
Heat Exchangers
Chart Heat Exchangers

Worldwide operations
the CHART organization

a world leader in cryogenic solutions
Chart Heat Exchangers serves its global markets through its headquarters at
La Crosse,Wisconsin in the USA, the European sales, marketing and engineering
office in Wolverhampton, England and a network of local sales offices located in
key territories throughout the world.
Chart’s many products and individual and sustainable profitability, the Chart
businesses are fused into distinct operating organization brings together each highly
divisions to serve their market sectors. product-focused division within a powerful
single-point leadership.
Structured to focus on long-term goals for
greater customer service, consistent growth
©2003 Chart Heat Exchangers, LP. All Rights Reserved.
2 USA contact number UK contact number Global website

+1 608 787 3333 +44 (0)1902 394800 w w w. c h a r t - i n d . c o m
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info.chx@chart-ind.com
...encompassing superior heat exchanger technology
Merging the former ALTEC & MARSTON operations into a unified

organization under the Chart banner has accelerated the drive to
improve the technology and lower the delivered cost of
heat exchangers to our customers.
Chart Heat Exchangers is focused on the supply of its core

product, brazed aluminum plate fin heat exchangers plus
complementary equipment such as pipework,
coldbox assemblies and Core-in-Kettle®. Streamlined operations,
optimized heat transfer fin designs, advanced brazing
technologies, manufacturing processes and a continuous
improvement program make Chart Heat Exchangers the world
leader for high performance heat exchangers.
3
GLOBAL effectiveness
through a comprehensive product range
Today, manufacturing in the USA together with the UK sales and engineering office supports a total global market in the
field of advanced heat transfer technology. A comprehensive product range, utilization of enhanced design processes,
production techniques and component specifications come together to satisfy the needs of our customers around the world.
Chart involvement in all aspects of heat exchanger technology, Bringing lower-cost operating advantages to major
together with the handling of cryogenic materials, installations worldwide.
represents a comprehensive and wide-ranging support
network unmatched anywhere in the world. Our optimized heat exchangers meet all recognised
international design codes and we provide thermal,
hydraulic and structural ratings.

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…and worldwide experience
Chart Heat Exchangers have a long successful history of use in the world’s most demanding applications
for the plate-fin exchanger.
Key applications for the company’s highly

Applications Products & Fluids Typical Typical
efficient and competitively priced aluminum
Temperature Pressure
Range Range plate-fin heat exchangers include:
Industrial Gas Production Oxygen +65 to -200°C 1 to 60 barg

- Air Separation Nitrogen +149 to -328°F 14 to 870 psig • Industrial Gas Production
- Liquefaction Argon
Rare Gases
Carbon Dioxide
• Natural Gas Processing
Natural Gas Processing (NGP) Methane +100 to -130°C 15 to 100 barg • Refinery & Petrochemical Processing
- Ethane Recovery Ethane +212 to -202°F 217 to 1450 psig
- Nitrogen Rejection Unit (NRU) Propane • Hydrogen & Helium Liquefaction
- Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) Butane
and Recovery
- Helium Recovery Pentane
Nitrogen
Helium • Offshore Industries
Hydrogen
Hexane
Carbon Dioxide Chart plate-fin heat exchangers support
a wide variety of process plants.

Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) Liquefied Natural Gas +65 to -200°C 5 to 75 barg
- Base Load Multi-component Refrigerants +149 to -328°F 72 to 1087 psig The adjacent table illustrates a few of the
- Peakshaver
more common applications where Chart
Refinery and
Petrochemical Processing Ethylene +120 to -200°C 1 to 100 barg systems have proved especially reliable over
- Ethylene Propylene +248 to -328°F 14 to 1450 psig
- MTBE Ethane many years of operation.
- Ammonia Propane
- Refinery Off-Gas Purification MTBE
- Hydrogen Recovery Ammonia
Carbon Monoxide
Hydrogen
Refrigeration Systems Helium +100 to -269°C 15 to 45 barg

- Cascade Cooling Freon + 212 to -452°F 217 to 650 psig
- Liquefaction Propane
Ethylene
Propylene
Nitrogen
Hydrogen
Multi-component Refrigerants
5
PROVEN performance
over shell & tube heat exchangers
Chart Heat Exchangers is continually building upon proven performance
and best practices to raise world industry standards and those of Chart Heat
Exchangers in general.
The US manufacturing facility uses CHART - Lower capital and operating

advanced brazed aluminum technology costs than shell & tube equipment
in the production of plate-fin heat • 6-10 times greater heat transfer
exchangers. Chart heat exchangers are surface area density (per volume)
typically 20% the size of comparable
• 10-20 times more UA (per volume)
performance carbon or stainless steel performance
shell and tube exchangers.
Chart technology leads to lower capital
• 25-50% lower initial cost
costs, lower installation costs and lower • Up to 95% less weight

operating costs over a wide CHART - Reduced installation and
range of cryogenic and operating Costs
non-cryogenic applications.
• Less plant space required
The multiple stream capabilities of • More than 10 streams in a single

the Chart heat exchanger simplifies multiple block - reduces costs of engineering,
shell & tube limited stream configurations insulation, support and transportation
into a single compact brazed • Low temperature approaches as
aluminum unit. This feature has a close as 2°F (1°C)
significant effect on installation and • Less compressor horsepower required
operating costs, minimizing engineering,
insulation, support systems, testing,
CHART - Higher performance at lower
temperatures
documentation, transportation and
site arrangements. • More efficient heat transfer through
100% aluminum construction
• Ideal for cryogenics and low

temperature applications
• Withstands temperatures as
low as -452°F (-269°C)
• Pressures to 1750 psig (120 barg)

are readily achievable and the
capability to go higher exists if the
process demands

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…in a wide range of heat transfer services
The use of all aluminum construction with brazed

and welded joints makes Chart heat exchangers
ideal for services as low as -452°F (-269°C).
Chart Heat Exchangers continually expands the pressure limits

for exchanger sizes and designs through the development
of new heat transfer fins and brazing technology.
Customers benefit from Chart Heat Exchangers’ commitment
to high-pressure design development by being able to use the
more thermally efficient brazed aluminum construction
where extreme pressures (i.e. 1750 psig 120 bar g
or higher) previously would have prohibited it.
CHART Heat Exchangers
PERFORM THESE SERVICES
Chillers Reboilers
Condensers Reflux Condensers
Dephlegmators Reversers
Evaporators Subcoolers
Liquefiers Superheaters
Main Exchangers Thermosyphons
Pre-coolers Vaporizers
AND THESE DUTIES

Gas-to-gas Pure or multi-component fluids
Gas-to-liquid Single-phase
Liquid-to-liquid Two-phase
Counterflow or crossflow Three-phase
7
the CHART solution

for custom design
Chart heat exchangers owe their inherent versatility and high Individually constructed in aluminum,
each heat exchanger is built by stacking
performance characteristics to the advanced design technology and layers of corrugated fins separated by
construction of the plate-fin matrix. parting sheets and sealed along the edges
with side bars.
The matrix assembly is brazed in a

vacuum furnace to form an integral,
Nozzle rigid heat exchanger block. Headers and
supports welded onto the brazed matrix
complete the unit.
Header
Chart has developed a wide range of fin
patterns to accommodate different process
requirements. Design variations in the
configuration of the heat exchanger matrix
can accommodate an almost unlimited
Wear Plate range of flow options, including counterflow,
(Rubbing Plate)
crossflow, parallel flow, multi-pass and
multi-stream formats.
Distributor
Fin
Support Angle
Side Bar
Cap Sheet
Parting Sheet

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…and maximum heat transfer performance
Chart Heat Exchangers has developed a comprehensive range of heat transfer fins with a proven design for every application.
The range comprises four basic fin pattern types:
PLAIN • A sheet of metal PERFORATED • A plain fin HERRINGBONE • Made SERRATED • Made by
with corrugated fins at right constructed from perforated by displacing the fins simultaneously folding and
angles to the plates. material. sideways at regular intervals cutting alternative sections
to produce a zig-zag effect. of fins. These fins are also
known as the lanced or
multi-entry pattern.
Chart process engineers have a wealth of experience and test data to use
in selecting the most appropriate heat transfer fin for the customer’s
individual requirements.
The herringbone and serrated fins provide the greatest surface area and the
highest heat transfer performance. They are particularly suitable for applications
involving close temperature approaches. Where there are critical pressure drop
requirements the plain and perforated fins can be used.
9
the CHART solution

matching both your heat transfer
Chart design engineers are able to enhance standard flow patterns, i.e. crossflow and counterflow
into more compact configurations.
A simple crossflow layout is generally The counterflow diagrams illustrate:

suitable for low to moderate duties.
It is used extensively for gas/liquid Type 1 • which may be adapted
applications and is especially effective for handling a low to moderate pressure
when handling a low-pressure gas stream stream ‘A’;
on one side of the heat exchanger.
For heavier duty tasks, where the
mean effective temperature difference in
crossflow might be significantly reduced, Counterflow Type 1
the compact counterflow pattern frequently
offers an efficient solution. Type 2 • a symmetrical arrangement
suitable for stabilised higher operating
The higher levels of efficiency achieved
Cross-counterflow pressures; and
by counterflow units are essential to most
With Internal low-temperature applications. Headering
Turnaround
arrangements must, of course, be matched
(Serpentine)
to the customer’s process requirements.
Counterflow Type 2
Type 3 • which is designed for reversing

duty and may be used for exchangers
with three or more streams.
Counterflow Type 3
Cross-flow Parallel flow arrangements are also an option.

+1 608 787 3333 +44 (0)1902 394800 w w w. c h a r t - i n d . c o m
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…and plant operating requirements
The Chart Heat Exchangers’ research and development

program is constantly raising standards to benefit the
customer in meeting more demanding operating conditions.
Recent enhancements include:
• larger heat exchanger sizes

• higher working pressures
• improved brazing and welding capabilities
• higher performance heat transfer surfaces
For most low to medium and steady operating pressures
where there is unlikely to be any undue mechanical
constraints, the block and headering arrangements can
be determined primarily on performance criteria and
installation conditions.
Higher pressures and reversing duties will require more

detailed consideration of mechanical design aspects.
This is particularly relevant to pressure loadings on fins and
header tanks, as well as external loading imposed through
the pipework. All of this is considered when rating the
maximum working pressure of a Chart heat exchanger.
Gaseous Oxygen
Gaseous Nitrogen
Air
11
the CHART Solution

for world-wide performance
On both sides of the Atlantic, engineering teams at Chart Heat Exchangers
combine a wealth of experience with the latest state-of-the-art engineering and
design programs.Together they provide an industry-leading design capability that
has the range and flexibility to meet specific customer needs anywhere
in the world.
Continuous research and development

programs are focused on enhancing
international ‘best practice’ procedures.
Whatever the location, customers

benefit from a design philosophy shaping
the future of advanced plate-fin heat
exchanger applications.

+1 608 787 3333 +44 (0)1902 394800 w w w. c h a r t - i n d . c o m
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…with world-wide approval
Backed with more than 50 years hands-on experience of multi-national pressure vessel codes and inspection
regulations, Chart has gained world-wide recognition for its expertise in all aspects of plate-fin heat exchanger technology.
Advanced PC based procedures for thermal, hydraulic

and mechanical design add a new dimension to
an already established world class product and
for any international requirement.
Designed primarily according to ASME VIII code

requirements and marked with the “U” compliance stamp,
Chart Heat Exchangers is nevertheless fully conversant
with a multitude of international code requirements
ensuring a truly global reach – and supply
reference in all developed nations.
13
TOTAL control
from production and testing
The manufacturing facility in La Crosse, Wisconsin, USA, is capable of
performing the entire manufacturing process from start to finish.
Chart Heat Exchangers’ Chart adhere strictly to demanding quality

manufacturing facility employs computer control procedures to ensure performance
controlled vacuum furnaces to create the and customer satisfaction criteria are met
optimum environment for the brazing at the highest levels. Chart has the trained
process used in the construction of Chart personnel and the latest testing facilities:
plate-fin heat exchangers.
• Hydrostatic and pneumatic proof testing
Also used are other similar
high technology manufacturing, including
• Performance flow testing
fin presses, CNC plasma and • External and vacuum helium

high pressure water jet leak detection
cutting equipment and GTA and
GMA welding systems. • Dye penetrant and X-ray testing (N.D.T.)
• A fully equipped chemical/mechanical

laboratory

+1 608 787 3333 +44 (0)1902 394800 w w w. c h a r t - i n d . c o m
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…to on-site support and service
A comprehensive on-site installation, repair and replacement service completes the Chart quality chain.
Whatever the task in hand and whatever part of the world, Repair to damaged exchangers is accompanied with
only the most reliable and qualified in-house engineers are full damage assessment and testing procedures. All work is
employed. On their years of experience rests our guarantee for carried out to the original manufacturing quality criteria and
delivering Chart quality right through to final commissioning. can be marked with the ASME code R symbol.
Whether it is the installation of new plant, or the repair

or replacement of existing exchangers within a coldbox,
Chart on-site service can quickly call on engineers
from either transatlantic operation to provide the most
efficient and cost-effective means of ensuring that your
plant is on stream without any unnecessary delays.
15
specialized CHART expertise

Core-in-Kettle® heat exchangers
Chart’s Core-in-Kettle® heat exchangers are designed to replace shell-and-tube heat exchangers with the direct benefits
of lower installation costs, reduced operating costs, less replacement time and reduced horsepower requirements.The high
performance of Chart Core-in-Kettle heat exchangers will greatly improve the efficiency and economy of chillers,
vaporizers, reboilers and condensers.The Core-in-Kettle design is so efficient that tight approach temperatures down to
2°F (1°C) may be used, thereby increasing plant capacity and reducing horsepower requirements.
Enhanced performance through:
Reduced temperature approach (down to 2°F/1°C) •

with resulting savings in power
Up to 10 times greater heat transfer surface area •

Cold Out
per unit volume than conventional tube and shell
Cold In
Multi-stream capabilities in a single construction • Cold Out
Warm In
Elimination of mechanical joints • Typical shell and tube

Kettle Reboiler
Cost savings through:
Smaller vessels resulting in lower installation costs • CHART Core-in-Kettle®
Smaller site plan, foundations and supports • Warm Out
APPLICATIONS:
Reduced liquid inventory •
Petrochemical Ethylene C2, C3, C4 splitters
Reduced power requirement, requiring • Propylene
Ethane
Feed chilling train
Heat pump
a smaller compressor distillation columns
Butane Columns
Propane Cascade refrigeration
Natural Gas Expanding plant Propane chillers

Processing LP-Gas Cascade refrigeration
NGL Liquid fractionation
Gas Liquefaction LNG

Nitrogen Cascade refrigeration
Helium Feed chilling train
Hydrogen

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...and Run Back Condensers (Dephlegmators)
Chart high efficiency exchangers for the partial

Refrigerant
condensation of a range of fluids have worldwide
applications.Their sophisticated design accommodates
heat and mass transfer effects while avoiding flooding.
A special fin design is the heart of the refluxing stream Vapour
Reflux
delivering the optimum combination of free-flow area and
hydraulic mean diameter.

Feed gas
Liquid
(Vapour)
Reflux
APPLICATIONS:
Helium recovery from natural gas
Condensing argon
Hydrogen purification
CO2 purification
Ethylene recovery
Ammonia purge gas separation
17
more CHART expertise

Cold Box and piping assemblies
Chart is one of the foremost international designers and manufacturers of cold box and piping assemblies for
applications in a wide range of industries throughout the world.
The same expertise and demanding quality procedures employed in the

manufacture of Chart's plate-fin heat exchangers are maintained in the
fabrication of Chart's cold box and piping assemblies.
Chart's primary manufacturing location for these assemblies is the

ISO9001 accredited Chart Coastal Fabrication, in Louisiana, USA, who
specialize in the manufacture of these assemblies for cryogenic
applications. Chart Coastal's 75,000 square foot fabrication facility is ideally
located for serving our international markets, offering direct access to the
US Intercoastal Waterway, Gulf of Mexico, barge fleeting, the Louisiana and
Delta Railroad, and the US Interstate Highway System.
Chart also offers the flexibility to build cold box and piping
assemblies at other Chart locations, or at qualified subcontractors,
depending on customer and project requirements.

+1 608 787 3333 +44 (0)1902 394800 w w w. c h a r t - i n d . c o m
+1 608 787 2141 +44 (0)1902 398627
TOTALLY committed
to quality and reliability
Fully accredited to BS EN ISO9001, Chart is wholly committed to
achieving world class performance through a program of continuous
total quality management.
Chart is widely recognized as the international leader in the

design and manufacture of brazed aluminum plate-fin heat
exchangers. It is an enviable position that has been gained
through many years experience in a fiercely competitive Certifications include:
industry. In order to remain a market leader, we are aware
of the need to continually improve, both as a respected
supplier and responsible employer. BS EN ISO 9001
Chart’s suppliers are selected carefully and must ASME

Certificate of Authorisation U
pass a rigorous quality audit before becoming a
Chart Approved Supplier.
National Board of Boiler
& Pressure Vessel Inspectors
During manufacture, all fabrication processes are fully Certificate of Authorisation U
documented and regularly monitored to ensure
National Board of Boiler
that quality control procedures of all relevant & Pressure Vessel Inspectors
approval authorities are in place. Certificate of Authorisation R
A comprehensive benchmarking program ensures essential RW TÜV

AD Merkblatt HP 0-EN 7259-3
levels of competitiveness are maintained in: product costs,
pricing levels, manufacturing capabilities, market reputation, China State Bureau of
product range, lead times, on-time delivery, quality standards, Quality and Technical Supervision
of the People’s Republic of China
innovation and product development. Safety Quality License for
Import Boiler and Pressure Vessel
Other aspects of the Chart quality program involve Full compliance with European Pressure
business processes, employee participation, training Equipment Regulations (PER) enabling CE
marking of equipment.
and customer and supplier partnerships.
ALPEMA MEMBER
At Chart, we believe quality should influence our entire
business activity. We take every opportunity to monitor and
measure our success right across the board, from improved
customer satisfaction to better productivity, increased market
share, reduction in quality costs and a higher quality standing
of our well-trained and highly motivated workforce.
19
Chart Heat Exchangers (USA) Chart Heat Exchangers
2191 Ward Avenue, La Crosse, (UK Sales & Engineering Office)
Chart Heat Exchangers Wisconsin 54601 USA Wobaston Road, Fordhouses,
Wolverhampton WV10 6QB England UK
Tel: +1 608 787 3333 Global website

Fax: +1 608 787 2141 Tel: +44 (0)1902 394800
Website: www.chart-ind.com email: info.chx@chart-ind.com w w(0)1902
Fax: +44 w. c h a398627
rt-ind.co.uk

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Aluminum Plate-Fin

Chart Heat Exchangers

the CHART organization

La Crosse,Wisconsin in the USA, the European sales, marketing and engineering

office in Wolverhampton, England and a network of local sales offices located in

key territories throughout the world.

©2003 Chart Heat Exchangers, LP. All Rights Reserved.

2 USA contact number UK contact number Global website

Merging the former ALTEC & MARSTON operations into a unified

Chart Heat Exchangers is focused on the supply of its core

4 USA contact number UK contact number Global website

for the plate-fin exchanger.

Key applications for the company’s highly

Industrial Gas Production Oxygen +65 to -200°C 1 to 60 barg

a wide variety of process plants.

Refrigeration Systems Helium +100 to -269°C 15 to 45 barg

Chart Heat Exchangers is continually building upon proven performance

The US manufacturing facility uses CHART - Lower capital and operating

costs, lower installation costs and lower • Up to 95% less weight

The multiple stream capabilities of • More than 10 streams in a single

• Ideal for cryogenics and low

• Pressures to 1750 psig (120 barg)

6 USA contact number UK contact number Global website

The use of all aluminum construction with brazed

Chart Heat Exchangers continually expands the pressure limits

CHART Heat Exchangers

PERFORM THESE SERVICES

Condensers Reflux Condensers

Main Exchangers Thermosyphons

AND THESE DUTIES

Counterflow or crossflow Three-phase

the CHART solution

The matrix assembly is brazed in a

8 USA contact number UK contact number Global website

The range comprises four basic fin pattern types:

the CHART solution

into more compact configurations.

A simple crossflow layout is generally The counterflow diagrams illustrate:

Type 3 • which is designed for reversing

10 USA contact number UK contact number Global website

The Chart Heat Exchangers’ research and development

Recent enhancements include:

• larger heat exchanger sizes

Higher pressures and reversing duties will require more

the CHART Solution

On both sides of the Atlantic, engineering teams at Chart Heat Exchangers

combine a wealth of experience with the latest state-of-the-art engineering and

design programs.Together they provide an industry-leading design capability that

Continuous research and development

Whatever the location, customers

12 USA contact number UK contact number Global website

Advanced PC based procedures for thermal, hydraulic

Designed primarily according to ASME VIII code

The manufacturing facility in La Crosse, Wisconsin, USA, is capable of

performing the entire manufacturing process from start to finish.

Chart Heat Exchangers’ Chart adhere strictly to demanding quality

fin presses, CNC plasma and • External and vacuum helium

• A fully equipped chemical/mechanical

14 USA contact number UK contact number Global website

Whether it is the installation of new plant, or the repair

specialized CHART expertise

Enhanced performance through:

Reduced temperature approach (down to 2°F/1°C) •