Professional Documents
Culture Documents
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1. AKTIVITI COMMON-SENSE
2. SENI
3. KEMAHIRAN KETUKANGAN
4. SAINS APLIKASI
5. SATU SISTEM
6. AMALAN REFLEKTIF
7. KEMAHIRAN
1. AKTIVITI COMMON-SENSE
• experience of schooling
• extensive experience of being taught
• some ideas about teaching
• things teachers do are not that fdifferent from what we do in everyday life
• we organize resources, plan events explain things, ask & answer questions, guide,
encourage & criticise
• common-sense argument for a common-sense approach of teaching
• professional common-sense knowledge
2. SENI
3. KEMAHIRAN KETUKANGAN
• contrast to the art paradigm
• explicable, objective, transparent and accessible to many,
• always particular not general, not principled, it is fashioned,
• not abstract but concrete
• problems of generalising in education
• illuminating the concrete aspects of professional works
• value of doing and experience
4. SAINS APLIKASI
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APA ITU PENGAJARAN?
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5. SATU SISTEM
• associated with applied science paradigm
• thinking of whole rather than parts
• system thinking one form of rationalistic paradigm
• modern systems theory :
• a system is means-ends nexus
• may form a part of a bigger system,
• have the capacity to regulate themselves through feedback.
• system approach to teaching is a composite of 3 elements:
• rational analysis
• systems theory
• behavioural psychology
6. AMALAN REFLEKTIF
• process paradigm
• experiential learning – concrete experience, reflective observation, abstract
conceptualisation and active experimentation
• action learning and research
7. KEMAHIRAN
• competence-based education or training
• fields of vocational and teacher education
• what professionals can actually do rather than what they know!
• students performance and outcomes & assessments of these in real world.
• general qualities required by professionals
• performance rather than knowledge-based
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Ogos 2007
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Mengikut Mok Soon Sang (2002) “pengertian pedagogi boleh dihuraikan sebagai salah
satu bidang ilmu pendidikan yang berkaitan dengan kajian secara saintifik atas prinsip-
prinsip dan kaedah-kaedah mengajar, merangkumi proses pengajaran yang optimum”
(muka surat x)
Skop kajiannya luas. Skopnya merangkumi segala aspek yang berkaitan dengan
pengajaran dan pembelajaran di bilik darjah, seperti pendekatan, kaedah, teknik dan
strategi pengajaran dan pembelajaran, organisasi sekolah dan pengurusan bilik darjah,
kurikulum dan sukatan pelajaran, pengujian dan penilaian, pemulihan dan pengayaan dsb.
Mengikut Mok Soon Sang (2001), Diploma Perguruan Malaysia, Kursus Pedagogi
membincangkan topik-topik berikut:
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Ogos 2007
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Walaubagaimana pun topik-topik ini diajar berperingkat-peringkat iaitu dalam Lima (5)
Semester pengajian perguruan.
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Ogos 2007
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1. menukar tingkah laku dan kelakuan pelajar melalui perolehan ilmu pengetahuan
2. usaha menukar tingkah laku dengan latihan/pelaziman/teknik tunjuk
ajar/indoktrinasi
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Ogos 2007
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PENGAJARAN
Pengetahuan/
Tingkahlaku/ Kelakuan
Kepercayaan
Mengajar Propaganda
Ugutan Latihan
Ancaman
Pelaziman Indoktrinasi Bohong
Fizikal
• Konsep Pengajaran –
• Erti Pengajaran -
• Definisi pengajaran -
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Ogos 2007
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Mengapakah teknik ugutan, ancaman fizikal, mempropaganda dan membohong tidak sesuai dan
tidak patut digunakan dalam aktiviti pengajaran?
• Mempropaganda tidak sesuai dan tidak patut digunakan dalam aktiviti pengajaran sebab..
• Membohong tidak sesuai dan tidak patut digunakan dalam aktiviti pengajaran sebab…..
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Ogos 2007
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Soalan-soalan
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Ogos 2007