TABLE 4.1 Tensile Strengths of 5086-H112 Plate as a Function of Thickness
Thickness (in.) Minimum Tensile Ultimate Strength (ksi) Minimum Tensile Yield Strength (ksi) Thickness (mm) Minimum Tensile Ultimate Strength (MPa) Minimum Tensile Yield Strength (MPa) 0.250 to 0.499 36 18 4.00 to 12.50 250 125 0.500 to 1.000 35 16 12.50 to 40.00 240 105 1.001 to 2.000 35 14 40.00 to 80.00 235 95 2.001 to 3.000 34 14 terial�s stiffness and buckling strength. The modulus of elasticity of aluminum alloys is roughly the weighted average of the moduli of its constituent alloying elements, so it tends to be about the same for alloys in a given series. (For example, for 6xxx series alloys, E is 10,000 ksi [69,000 MPa].) Temper does not significantly affect the modulus of elasticity. Steel�s modulus (29,000 ksi [200,000 MPa]) is about three times that of aluminum, making steel considerably stiffer. Compressive moduli of elasticity are given in Aluminum Specification (Table 3.3-1 [3.3-1M]) because the modulus of elasticity�s effect on strength is limited to compression members, as we�ll discuss in Section 5.2.1. The modulus varies from 10,100 ksi [69,600 MPa] to 10,900 ksi [75,200 MPa] (about 10%) for the alloys listed in the Aluminum Specification. Aluminum�s tensile modulus of elasticity is about 2% less than its compressive modulus. Since bending involves both tensile and compressive stress, bending deflection calculations use an average modulus, found by subtracting 100 ksi [700 MPa] from the compressive modulus. At strains beyond yield, the slope of the stress-strain curve is called the tangent modulus and is a function of stress, decreasing as the stress increases. The Ramberg-Osgood parameter n defines the shape of the stress-strain curve in this inelastic region and is given in the U.S. Military Handbook on Metallic Materials and Elements for Aerospace Structures (MIL HDBK 5) (137) for many aluminum alloys. The Ramberg-Osgood equation is: e # #/E # 0.002 (# /F )n y where: e # strain # # stress Fy # yield strength