ME 4213

Mechanical Vibration

Part II : Multi Degrees of Freedom Systems &

Continuous Systems

or
Some of the essentials for dealing with mechanical vibrations
as an engineer

G. Leng, ME Dept, NUS

 Course Admin

Lecturer : Assoc. Prof. Gerard Leng

Office : E2-02-37

E-mail : mpelsb@nus.edu.sg

Consultation : M-Th after 2pm (by appointment)

Website : http://dynlab.mpe.nus.edu.sg/mpelsb/

G. Leng, ME Dept, NUS

 Text & Reference

Text : Singiresu S. Rao.

Mechanical vibrations
Pearson/Prentice Hall, SI edition, 2004

William T. Thomson
Theory of Vibration with Applications (4th ed)
Prentice-Hall, 1993

Reference : Cyril M. Harris, editor

Shock and vibration handbook (4th ed)
McGraw-Hill, 1996

G. Leng, ME Dept, NUS

 Required Reading (Thomson 4th ed)

Chap 5.1-5.4, 5.6 : Systems with Two or More Degrees of Freedom

or what you don’t see in SDOF vibrating systems

Chap 6.6-6.10 : Properties of Vibrating Systems

or what to deduce from the MDOF vibration model

Chap 7.1-7.4 : Lagrange’s Equation

or how to derive vibration models in a systematic manner

Chap 9.2, 9.5, 7.5 : Vibration of Continuous Systems

or vibration properties of some common components

G. Leng, ME Dept, NUS

 Grading for Part II (50 %)

1) CA 10%
• paper, project presentation or pop quiz

2) Final Exam (open book) 40%

• Part II - 2 compulsory questions

• emphasis on principles
• any necessary formula will be provided

G. Leng, ME Dept, NUS

 Question : What is a MDOF System ?

Simple answer
A system that requires more than 1 variable to describe its
configuration.

Recap : How many DOF does a rigid body have ?

G. Leng, ME Dept, NUS

 Question : Are there really rigid bodies ?

A rigid body is a mathematical model and assumes that

deformations of the body are negligible during vibration

Recap : How many DOFs does an elastic (non rigid) beam

have ?

G. Leng, ME Dept, NUS

Some human factors in vibration

G. Leng, ME Dept, NUS

 Human factors - More serious considerations

White Hand Disease (Raynaud’s Disease)

Destruction of blood capillaries in hand, reduction blood
flow – hence “white hand”

Causes
Exposure to excessive vibrations from eg :
Grinding, chipping, scaling and caulking.
Jack hammer operation.
Stone cutting using pneumatic tools
Chainsaw operation.
Underground mining
or any process using high compression tools.

G. Leng, ME Dept, NUS

Question

How does one model a human

for vibration analysis ?

G. Leng, ME Dept, NUS

Example – USAFRL Articulated Total Body (ATB) Model

Wind blast

G. Leng, ME Dept, NUS

 What are the specs used in industry ?

USA
1) MIL E 4158 - Electronic Equipment, Ground, General requirements
2) MIL T 5422 - Testing, Environmental, Aircraft, Electronic Equipment
3) ANSI S2.5 - Recommendations for Specifying the Performance of
Vibrating Machinery

UK
1) BS 3015 - Glossary of terms used in vibration and shock testing
2) BS 2011 - Basic Environmental Testing Procedures

International
1) ISO 2017 - Vibration & Shock - Isolators
2) ISO 2631 – Guide for the Evaluation of Human Exposure to Whole
Body Vibration
G. Leng, ME Dept, NUS