Unit II – Relational Data Model

 Explain concept of normalization with example.

1. Explain data types in SQL. (2 Marks)

2. List any four DML commands. (2 Marks)
3. State use of „%‟ character in string operations. (2 Marks)
4. List any 4 DCL commands. (2 Marks)
5. Explain group by, having & order by clause in SQL. (4 Marks)
6. Give the syntax of CREATE & RENAME command with example. (4 Marks)
7. Consider following schema. (4 Marks)
STUDENT (Name, Marks, Age, Place, Phone, Birthdate)
Write queries for the following:
i) To list of students who do not have phone number.
ii) To list student from nasik and pune.
iii) To change marks of Monika to 88 instead of 80.
iv) To list student from amit‟s age group.
8. Explain Drop and Delete commands with syntax. State the difference between them.
(4 Marks)
9. Explain the set operators in SQL. (4 Marks)
10. List the SQL operators and explain range searching operator “BETWEEN” and
pattern searching operator- “LIKE”. (4 Marks)
11. Explain any 4 aggregate functions with example. (4 Marks)
12. Explain any 4 string functions. (4 Marks)
13. Explain following commands with syntax and example: Alter and Update
(4 Marks)
14. Explain following commands with syntax and example: Create table and Insert
(4 Marks)
15. What is transaction? List its properties and explain in brief any 2 properties.
(4 Marks)
16. Write various states of transaction. (4 Marks)
17. Explain string, date and time functions of SQL. (4 Marks)
18. Explain join concept of SQL. State types of join. (4 Marks)
19. With example explain „select‟ clause and „where‟ clause. (4 Marks)
20. Describe ACID properties of transaction. (4 Marks)
21. Draw & explain the state diagram of transaction. (4 Marks)
22. What is the use of GRANT and REVOKE? (4 Marks)
23. Explain following commands with syntax and example: Create table & Rename
table (4 Marks)
24. Consider the following database: Employee (emp_id, emp_name, emp_city,
emp_addr, emp_dept, join_date) (4 Marks)
i) Display the names of employees in capital letters.
ii) Display the emp_id of employee who live in city pune and Mumbai.
iii) Display the details of employees whose joining date is after ‟01-Apr-1997‟.
iv) Display the total no. of employees whose dept no. is „10‟.
25. Explain the term serializability with example. (4 Marks)
26. Explain Not Null concept with suitable example. (4 Marks)
27. Given – Employee(EMP_ID, FIRST_NAME, LAST_NAME, SALARY,
JOINING_DATE, DEPARTMENT ) (4 Marks) Write SQL queries for

i) Get FIRST_NAME, LAST_NAME from employee table.

ii) Get unique DEPARTMENT from employee table.
iii) Get FIRST_NAME from employee table using alias name
“Employee Name”
iv) Get FIRST_NAME from employee table after removing white spaces
from left side.
28. Explain the difference between DROP and TRUNCATE with example. (4 Marks)
29. How to use COMMIT, SAVE POINT, ROLLBACK commands. (4 Marks)
30. Consider following database and solve queries (4 Marks)
emp (empno, ename, ph, sal, dept_no, comm)
(i) Change employee name „Rahul‟ to „Ramesh‟.
(ii) Give increment of 20 % in salary to all employees.
31. Consider following schema: (4 Marks)
Employee (emp_no, emp_name, dept, designation, salary,Dept_location)
Solve following queries:
(i) List all Managers in Mumbai location
(ii) Set salary of all „project leaders‟ to 70000/-
(iii) List employees with having alphabet „A‟ as second
letter in their name.
(iv) Display details of those employees who work in Mumbai or Chennai.
32. Explain Alter command. Give syntax of add and modify option. (4 Marks)
33. Explain word comparison operators: (4 Marks)
(i) IN and NOT IN (ii) BETWEEN and NOT BETWEEN.
35. What is concurrent schedule? Explain with example. (4 Marks)