ETAP Relay Co Ordination Step by Step Procedure

ETAP Relay Coordination Procedure
ETAP Relay Co‐ordination Step by Step Procedure

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ETAP Relay Co‐ordination Step by Step Procedure
The following are steps for ETAP Relay coordination for over current and earth fault protection.
I. Modeling of single line Diagram
II. Modeling protection devices.
III. Updating fault levels to all relays
IV. Creating of ETAP Star View (TCC charts) and Relay Settings
V. Earth Fault Protection settings
VI. Checking the Sequence of Operation

I. Modeling of Single Diagram.
Step 1: Model the single line Diagram in ETAP

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Step 2: Add protection devices to Model from ETAP AC Edit Toolbar and Instrumentation
Toolbar

AC Edit Toolbar
Fuse Contactor
High Voltage Circuit Low Voltage Circuit Breaker
Overload Heater In-line Overload Relay

Instrumentation Toolbar
Current Transformer Potential Transformer
Multi-Function Relay

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Step 3: Start from the Dead End Equipment (i.e. 75kW motor load). Double click on the motor go to
Protection page enter following data

1. Starting Curves – Constant Terminal Voltage
%Vt Acceleration Time
(%) (sec)
100 2
80 4
2. Check in the box of Smooth Corners
3. Check in the box of Include starting device, OLH & equipment Cable
4. Asymmetrical LRC
Asym. Factor 1.6
5. Thermal Limit Curve
Hot start Check in the box 10 sec
Cold Start Check in the box 15 Sec
Stator Curve Check in the box Check for points

Click here to see table of
stator thermal current
versus time curve (which is
default in ETAP).
Enter the vendor data in
table. Here in this exercise
assume ETAP default.

6. Click OK for saving the data into the motor model
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II. Modeling protection devices.
Step 4: ADD the following protection equipment to the Motor feeder from AC Edit Toolbar
1. In‐Line over load Relay (OL1)
2. Contactor (Cont1)
3. Fuse (Fuse1)
4. Switch (SW1)
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Step 5: ADD the following protection equipment to the Single Line Diagram feeder from AC Edit
Toolbar
1. MCC Incomer (i.e. Incomer Bus 3)
• Switch (SW2)
2. PMCC outgoing feeder (i.e. Outgoing Bus 2)
• LV Circuit Breaker (CB3)
• Current Transformer (CT1)
• Multi‐Function Relay (Relay1)
3. PMCC Incomer (i.e. Incomer Bus 2)
• LV Circuit Breaker (CB4)
• Current Transformer (CT2)
• Multi‐Function Relay (Relay2)
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Step 6: ADD the following protection equipment to the Single Line Diagram feeder from AC Edit
Toolbar
1. 66kV Outgoing Circuit 2MVA Transformer (i.e. Transformer T1)
1. HV Circuit Breaker (CB5)
2. Current Transformer (CT3)
3. Multi‐Function Relay (Relay3)
2. 2MVA Transformer Neutral (i.e. Transformer T1)
3. 6.6kV Bus Incomer (i.e. Bus1)
1. HV Circuit Breaker (CB1)

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(Update protection equipment Data from the Library Data)
Step 7: Double Click on the In‐Line Overload Relay, go to Setting page.

Step 8: Click on the Library and select the model as SIEMENS ‐ 3UF7.
(SIEMENS – 3UF7 model will be added to Thermal Overload Relay)

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Step 9: Select the Trip range “20 – 200 A Primary”. Click OK to update the data into the OLR.
Jam used for Locked rotor
protection if required.
Step 10: Double Click on the contactor in the motor feeder and enter the following ratings in the
Info Page
1. Rated Voltage ‐ 0.6kV
2. Rated Continuous current – 250 A
3. Type – Contactor
4. Rated Interrupting Current – 2.5kA (Typically 8 to 10 times contactor rating)
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Step 11: Similarly Update all protection equipment data from the library as per the below.
ETAP Equipment ID Location Equipment Make and Model From ETAP Rating

Library
Fuse1 Mtr Feeder Fuse GEC, HRC II‐C 250 A
CT1 Incomer MCC Current Transformer ‐‐‐‐‐ 800/1A
Relay1 Incomer MCC Multifunction Relay OCR, AREVA P122 ‐‐
CT2 Incomer PMCC Current Transformer ‐‐‐‐‐ 3000/1A
Relay2 Incomer PMCC Multifunction Relay OCR, AREVA P122 ‐‐
CT5 Transformer Neutral Current Transformer ‐‐‐‐‐‐ 3000/1A
Relay5 Transformer Neutral Multifunction Relay OCR, AREVA P122 ‐‐‐‐

Step 12: Update all LV and HV circuit breaker operating Times. Double Click on Circuit Breaker, go to
rating page update Minimum Time Delay, Including CB and Relay Delay “Min. Delay” as
fallows.
• LV Circuit Breaker ‐ 0.04 sec
• HV Circuit Breaker ‐ 0.06sec
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III. Updating Fault Levels To All Relays.
Step 13: Click on Star‐Protective Device Coordination Module in Mode Toolbar.
Step 14: Click on Edit Study Case box, go to info page Select all buses to fault.
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Step 15: Click on Run / Update Short‐Circuit kA in the Star (PD Coordination) Toolbar.
(This will update that short circuit levels in to the protective devices i.e. LV Circuit Breaker,
Relay, MCCB, Fuse and OLR)
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Step 16: Double click on the Fuse go TCC kA page and check for short Circuit Current is updated for
TCC clipping current.
Similarly check for other protective devices like Relay, MCCB, OLR and LV Circuit Breaker

Step 17: Select Sym rms fault for all devices, which is OK for time delayed coordination.

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IV. Creating of ETAP Star View (Time Current Curve (TCC) Charts) and Relay
Settings
Step 18: Left click and make window around motor along with its protective devices (i.e. OLR,
Contactor & Fuse) to select.
Step 19: Now click on the Create Star View to create new start view (i.e. Star1).

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Step 20: A TCC chart start view (i.e. Star1) is created as shown in below.
Double Click on Star1
here to give own titles
for star view
Double Click on
scale to see scale
& for changing it
Step 21: Right Click on window then Click on the plot options to edit the properties of plots.
Using Plot options can hide or unhide the devices for this Right‐Click on the Star Chart, pick
Devices ‐> Preferences & Check Phase and ground mode displaying.
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Step 22: Go to Legend Page rename to “01. 75kW Motor Ckt”. Click OK to save the name.
(Check for change in the name of start view (TCC))
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Step 23: Show the grid by clicking on the Show Grid.
Step 24: Set the motor protection as below
Double Click on Over Load Relay, go to setting page set the following
1. Click on Thermal for Over Current or Over Load setting
¾ Current pick up (Trip) = 1.05 to 1.1 times of FLC of Motor (123.5*1.1=135.9A)
¾ Time Delay ÆSet above motor start
Æ Set Below the stator thermal damage curve
2. Click on Jam for Locked rotor or Jam or Stall protection
¾ Current pick up (Trip) = 150 to 200% of FLC of Motor (set for 200%)

¾ Click OK to save the data.
¾ Time Delay ÆSet above motor start
Æ Set Below the stator thermal damage curve
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¾ Adjust the time delay (change Class 5 to Class 10 etc. to change OLR timing) using
time handle on the OLR Jam protection Curve. Set it above motor starting start and
below the motor stator & rotor thermal damage curve.
Step 25: Now go to Single Line Diagram View (One‐Line Diagrams). Left Click and Hold and make
window around Motor feeder (OLR, FUSE) and MCC Incomer Relay(i.e. Relay1).

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Step 26: Create new star view by clicking on the Create Star View (Star2). Rename Star2 to “02. MCC
Incomer”.
Step 27: Double click on Relay1 (i.e. MCC Incomer), go to OCR ‐> Phase page and set the over current
protection as
1. Check in Over current Box
2. Select IEC‐Extremely Inverse curve to match with outgoing Fuse characteristics
3. Set Pickup as 0.95 (i.e. 800x0.95=760A)

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Step 28: Adjust the time delay by using time handle on plot such that it is above characteristics of
fuse below the MCC incomer cable thermal withstand.
Step 29: Now go to Single Line Diagram View (One‐Line Diagrams). Left Click and Hold and make
window around MCC Incomer Relay and PMCC Incomer (Transformer Outgoing) relay.
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Step 30: Create new star view and Rename is to “03. PMCC to MCC Circuit”.
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Step 31: Double click on Relay2 (i.e. PMCC Incomer), go to OCR ‐> Phase page and set the over
current protection
1. Check in Over current box
2. Select IEC‐Standard Inverse curve.
3. Set Pickup current transformer full load current with 5% Margin
Transformer 2MVA, 6.6/0.415kV
Transformer Secondary (LV side) Line Current Itr_sec = 2782.41
. √
_ . . .
Pickup setting with 5% Margin = .
Step 32: Adjust the time delay of Relay2 by using time handle such that it is above the Relay1 curve.
(Time difference can be easily measured by sing Time Difference tool)
Time Difference
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Step 33: Click on Time Difference Tool and the curves above and below curve for which time
difference has to measure.
• Click and move time difference measurement location to fault level.
• Set the TMS of Relay2 by adjusting the Relay2 curve using time dial such that the
time difference with Relay1 curve at fault level equal to 300 milli‐sec.
Use this to
measure time
difference
between two
relays
(Measure time
difference at
fault current to
be coordinated)
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Step 34: Go to Single Line Diagram View (One‐Line Diagrams). Left Click and Hold and make window
around PMCC Incomer Relay and Transformer Incomer Relay and 6.6kV Switchgear Incomer
Relay.
Step 35: Create new star view and Rename is to “04. 6.6kV SWGR IC”.
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Step 36: Double click on Relay3 (i.e. Transformer Incomer) set the over current protection
1. Select IEC‐Standard Inverse curve.
2. Set Pickup current transformer full load current with 5% Margin
3. Transformer 2MVA, 6.6/0.415kV
4. Transformer Primary (HV side) Line Current Itr_pry = 183.7A
. √
_ . . .
5. Pickup setting with 5% Margin = .

Step 37: Adjust the curve of Relay3 curve such that it should be above the curve of Relay2 and
Transformer Inrush current and also time difference equal to 300 milli‐sec and it should be
below Transformer Thermal withstand curve.
Set In‐rush to typical value
of 12 times for 0.1 sec
(which is 5Cycles at 50Hz)
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Step 38: Here for Fault current seen by the Transformer Incomer Relay as per below table.
Fault Location Fault Current seen by the
Transformer Incomer relay @6.6kV
Fault at Transformer Secondary (LV 0.415kV side) 2.681 kA
Fault at Transformer Primary (HV 6.6kV side) 40.052kA
From the above table fault level difference is more. So the Transformer Incomer Relay
instantaneous over protection is enabled for fault current above 140% above the
transformer secondary fault level.
Step 39: Set the instantaneous current protection setting as
_ . . .
1. Instantaneous setting = .
2. Set the time dial at minimum time say 0.01sec
Check in Integrated
Curves to Integrate over
current & Instantaneous
Currents
Before Integration After Integration
Æ Time
Æ Time
Æ I Æ I

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Step 40: And ensure that Relay3 curve is below the Transformer Thermal withstand curve and above
the transformer Inrush current
Step 41: Double click on Relay4 (i.e. 6.6kV Switchgear Incomer) go to OCR ‐> Phase page and set the
over current protection as
1. Check in Overcurrent Box
2. Select IEC‐Very Inverse curve.
3. Set Pickup current transformer full load current i.e. 588A, Pickup = .
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Step 42: Set TMS of Relay4 by moving the curve of Relay4 curve time dial such that it should be
above the curve of Relay3 and time difference at fault level is 300 milli‐secs.
Ensure that time difference at short currents below fault level is more that 300 milli‐sec (this
can be checked by moving time difference position at various fault currents).

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V. Earth Fault Protection settings

Step 43: Open “02. MCC Incomer” start view (TCC), click on Mode to view earth fault view.
1. Select the IEC‐Standard Inverse curve
2. Pick up setting ‐ 0.5
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Step 44: Double click on the Relay2 go to OCR ‐> Ground Page set earth fault protection settings as
1. Select the IEC‐Standard Inverse curve
2. Pick up setting ‐ 0.5

Step 45: Adjust curve time by using time handle. (set The TMS ‐ 0.1)
Step 46: In similar way all other earth fault current settings can be done.

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FINAL STAR VIEWS WITH PROTECTION SETTINGS

Over Current Protection Settings

0.1. Over Current Protection 75kW Motor Ckt

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0.2. Over Current Protection of MCC Incomer

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0.3. Over Current Protection of PMCC to MCC Circuit

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0.4. Over Current Protection of 6.6kV Outgoing Feeder (2MVA Transformer) and 6.6kV
Switchgear Incomer

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Earth Fault Protection Settings

0.5. Earth Fault Protection of MCC Incomer

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0.6. Earth Fault Protection of PMCC to MCC Circuit

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0.7. Earth Fault Protection of 6.6kV Outgoing Feeder (2MVA Transformer) and 6.6kV
Switchgear Incomer

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VI. Checking the Sequence of Operation

Step 47: Update rely output signal to corresponding Circuit Breakers.
Double Click on Relay1 and Go to Output Page, Click on Add and select
Relay Element ‐ Any
Level/Zone ‐ Any
Device ‐ LVCB
ID ‐ CB3
Action ‐ Open

Click OK to save the data.

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Step 48: Similarly update all relay Interlock (output) signals as table below
Interlock Editor Page Settings
Relay ID
Relay Element Level/Zone Device ID Action
Relay1 Any Any LVCB CB3 Open
Relay3 Any Any HVCB CB5 Open
Relay4 Any Any HVCB CB1 Open

Step 49: Create one start view with all protection Devices in the circuit Path.
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Step 50: Rename start view to “05. Sequence of Operation”.
Step 51: Go to Single Line diagram create new study case “SOP”
new study case

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Step 52: Click on the Edit Study Case box, go to Seq of Op (Sequence of Operation) page. Set the
following
Fault Value ‐ Sym. rms
Protective Devices Considered (Bus Levels Away from Fault) ‐ 20
Fault type ‐ 3 Phase
Protective Devices Operated (Devices to Flash) ‐ 9
Click it to Maximum
allowed in ETAP
Check it to Maximum
allowed in ETAP
Click OK to save the case settings.
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Step 53: Click on the Fault Insertion and place above the 75kW Motor, and the give the output file
name as “FLT on MTR FDR”. Click OK to run case.

Fault Insertion

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Step 54: Then check on screen for the Devices flashing (Devices are operating for 3‐Phase fault on
Motor feeder).
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Step 55: Click on the Sequence Viewer to see the Sequence‐of‐operation events with time.
Sequence Viewer
Step 56: Same thing can be checked by using Normalized Tcc tool.
Step 57: Open the “05. Sequence operation” star view (TCC), Select out report as “ FLT on MTR FDR”

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Step 58: Click on Normalized TCC to see fault current as Gray line and Relay operating times on TCC.
3‐Phase Motor
Terminal Fault Current
Observation:
3‐Phase fault applied on Motor Terminal a current of 15.57kA flows at 0.415kV Level
Operating time Time Difference With Remark
Element Location
(sec) Below Element (Sec)
Fuse1 Motor Feeder 0.01 0.01 Minimum Operating Time OK
Relay1 MCC Incomer 0.201 0.191 Fuse ‐Relay >150ms OK
Relay2 PMCC Incomer 0.826 0.625 Relay‐Relay >300ms OK
Relay3 Transformer Incomer 1.3 0.474 Relay‐Relay >300ms OK
Relay4 6.6kV SWGR Incomer 8.69 7.39 Relay‐Relay >300ms OK

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ETAP Relay Co Ordination Step by Step Procedure

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ETAP Relay Co Ordination Step by Step Procedure

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ETAP Relay Coordination Procedure

Overload Heater In-line Overload Relay

Current Transformer Potential Transformer

ETAP Equipment ID Location Equipment Make and Model From ETAP Rating

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