EXAMINATION OF PARASITES IN INTERMEDIATE HOST

By:
Name : Dion Satrio Pambudi
Student ID : B1B015018
Group : 4
Entourage : II
Assistant : Wiwin Hadianti

PRACTICAL REPORT OF PARASITOLOGY

MINISTRY OF RESEARCH, TECHNOLOGY AND HIGHER EDUCATION

JENDERAL SOEDIRMAN UNIVERSITY
FACULTY OF BIOLOGY
PURWOKERTO

2017
 I. INTRODUCTION

A. Background

Parasites are organisms that live in or on another organism, the host, and live
at the expense of the host organisms. Parasites depends on their host for nutrients give
rise to the injury of the host. Some parasites might cause little harm to the host this
type of parasites called Opportunistic parasites. Some cause few or no symptoms in
healthy hosts, but may cause sever desease in immunocompomised host. Some
however may caue severe disease and even death if not properly treated, called
pathogenic parasites (Estridge, et al., 2000).
To complete their life cycles, the parasites own specific requirements. Some
parasites are mostly host-specific. In some ccases, if the conditions are right, the
parasites may survive or even thrive in unnatural host. There are types of hosts for
parasites. Definitive host, intermediate host, reservoir host, and vector. Some parasites
are required two or more different host to complete their life cycle (Estridge, et al.,
2000).
As we understand from previous paragraph that parasites can infect host in
other words another organisms including animals and human. Following this
statements, a useful parasite examination needed in order clarify if one organism is
infected by parasites or not (Estridge, et al., 2000). Diagnosis of parasites begins with
ova and parasite examination (Fischbach & Dunning, 2009). The two most common
parasitology laboratory requests are for blood and fecal examination. Other specimen
can be use such as tissue, fluid of organ, parts of organ can be use as specimen for
examination (Estridge, et al., 2000).
B. Purpose

1. To do diagnostic examination of parasitic worm infections in cow hepar, cow

gall, cow intestine, goat intestine, and chicken intestine.
2. To know the snail as the intermediary host and the phases that occur in the body
of the intermediary host.
3. To know the morphology of parasitic worms (eggs, larvae, and adults).
 II. MATERIAL AND METHODS

A. Material

The tools used in the lab this time was microscope, object glass, cover glass,
surgery tools, camera, masker, latex glove.
The materials used are cow liver, cow gall, goat intestine, chiken intestine, and
snail (Lymnaea sp).
B. Methods

1. The examined snails are cut on the third circle or dorsal part. The water out is
dripped on the object glass and observed under microscope.
2. The examined cow liver and cow gall are firstly cut and split, then observed
whether there are worm in the preparation or not.
3. The examined chicken intestine are firstly sliced until it is clean from its dirt,
and then tested for the existence of worms among the dirt.
4. The examined duck intestine are firstly sliced, clean from the dirt, then tested
for the existence of worms.
5. The gall is immersed in the water until precipitated, then replace water after
precipitated, repeat until three times, then observe the precipitate resulted.
 III. RESULT AND DISCUSSION

A. Result

Table 1. Result of Parasites Examination in Intemediate Host

Specimen Group
1 2 3 4 5
Cow Hepar Faciola Faciola
hepatica hepatica ()
(9)
Cow Gall Faciola hepatica (1)
Cow intestine
Goat intestine
Chicken intestine Ascaridiagalli
(20) &
Railietinate
tragona (9)
Snail - - 2 1 -

B. Discussion

The intermediate host is an organism required to complete a parasite’s life

cycle in addition to the definitive host. The intermediate host usually harbors an
asexual or larval form of the parasite. As an example Plasmodium, which cause
malaria, lives in both humans and mosquitos. In humans, Plasmodium’s intermediate
host, the parasite reproduce asexually. Sexual reproduction of Plasmodium occurs in
the mosquito, the definitive host (Estridge, et al., 2000). Research that done Kardena,
et al. (2016) Fasciola gigantica found in cow gall causing necrosis on the epithel that
construct the lining membrane of the galls bladder. Based on Tolistiawaty, et al. (2016)
research, to examine the parasites in gastrointestinal of the cow and goat. The parasites
found in gastrointestinal of the cow are Fasciola sp., Paramphistomum sp.,
Strongyloid sp., Trichuris trichiura, and Ascaris sp. While in goat gastrointestinal, the
parasites that commonly found is Trichostrogylus sp. Added from Tan, et al. (2017)
research, parasites found in goat intestinal are Eimeria spp., 20.6% Entamoeba spp.,
Moniezia spp. and Paramphistomum spp., Strongyloides spp., Dicrocoelium spp.,
Trichuris spp., Giardia spp., and Cryptosporidium spp. According to Tantri, et al.
(2013) Taenia saginata parasites found in cow hepar.
Almost all molluscs that act as trematoda intermediaries are snails, and most
are freshwater snails. In certain trematoda species, freshwater snails may serve as the
first intermediary host or second intermediary host, even at the same time acting as the
first and second intermediate host at the same snail. Metacercaria can be found in the
kidneys and pericardial sacs of snails (Annida & Paisal, 2014).
The life cycle of the trematodes begins with mature eggs, hatching and release
the mirasidium to the water. Mirasidium will soon enter into the appropriate snail as
the first intermediate host, through its muscular legs and develop in the spleen, further
developing into sporocysts, redia and sercaria. In certain types, the sercaria will
develop into mesoserkaria until finally form into cyst in intermediate host both become
metaserkaria which when consumed by the definitive host will develop into the form
of adult worms. While in other types serkaria will directly infect the definitive host
and develop into adult forms (Annida & Paisal, 2014).
 IV. CONCLUSION

1. Based on the result of observation, the average of albumin content for mice
feed with 0 gr dose of spirulina is 4.5235 g/dl, for 2 gr dose is 3,81875 g/dl, for
3 gr dose is 3,44775 g/dl, for 4 gr dose is 3,890175 g/dl, and for 5 gr dose is
3,046 g/dl.
2. To know the content of albumin content, we can use brom cresol method.
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