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1. Baryonic matter
-matter composed of protons and neutrons; ordinary matter, as distinct from exotic forms.
2. Dark matter
-Dark matter is a hypothetical type of matter distinct from baryonic matter (ordinary matter such as protons and neutrons), neutrinos and dark energy.
3. Dark energy
-dark energy is an unknown form of energy which is hypothesized to permeate all of space, tending to accelerate the expansion of the universe
4. Protostar
-a contracting mass of gas that represents an early stage in the formation of a star, before nucleosynthesis has begun.
5. Thermonuclear reaction
-fusion of two light atomic nuclei into a single heavier nucleus by a collision of the two interacting particles at extremely high temperatures, with the consequent release of a
relatively large amount of energy.
6. Main sequence stars
-A main sequence staris any star that is fusing hydrogen in its core and has a stable balance of outward pressure from core nuclear fusion and gravitational forces pushing
inward.
7. Light years
- is a unit of length used to express astronomical distances. It is about 9.5 trillion kilometres or 5.9 trillion miles. As defined by the International Astronomical Union (IAU), a light-
year is the distance that light travels in vacuum in one Julian year (365.25 days).
8. Red shift
-the displacement of spectral lines toward longer wavelengths (the red end of the spectrum) in radiation from distant galaxies and celestial objects. This is interpreted as a
Doppler shift that is proportional to the velocity of recession and thus to distance.
5. Protoplanet hypothesis
-suggests that about 5 billion years ago a great cloud of gas and dust rotated slowly in space. The cloud was at
least 10 billion kilometers in diameter. As time passed, the cloud shrank under the pull of its own gravitation
or was made to collapse by the explosion of a passing star. Most of the cloud's material gathered around its
own center. Its shrinking made it rotate faster, like a spinning whirlpool. The compression of its material made
its interior so hot that a powerful reaction, hydrogen fusion, began and the core of the cloud blazed into a
newborn sun.
6. Nebular Hypothesis & Condensation Theory
-describes the formation of our solar system from a nebula cloud made from a collection of dust and gas. It is
believed that the sun, planets, moons, and asteroids were formed around the same time around 4.5 billion
years ago from a nebula.
C. Make a timeline of the Solar System Explorations. Indicate the date and year and a description of the exploration