Journal of

Dental Study, Dental Clinics, Dental Prospects

Original Article

The Importance of Dental Treatment Needs for Permanent First

Molar to Indonesian Elementary School Students
Dainatun Hayati1*•Frida A. Priyadie2•Nok Mega2•Siti Rizqa Ayu Djayanti3•Yunisa Rosalina4
1
Dental therapist Student, Department of Dental Nurse, Health Polytechnic of Tasikmalaya, the Ministry of Health, Indonesia
2
Dental therapist Student, Department of Dental Nurse, Health Polytechnic of Tasikmalaya, the Ministry of Health, Indonesia
3
Dental therapist Student, Department of Dental Nurse, Health Polytechnic of Tasikmalaya, the Ministry of Health, Indonesia
4
Dental therapist Student, Department of Dental Nurse, Health Polytechnic of Tasikmalaya, the Ministry of Health, Indonesia
*Corresponding Author; E-mail: nokmega17@gmail.com

Received: 14 September 2018; Accepted: 04 October 2018 J

Dent Res Dent Clin Dent Prospect 2018; 4(2):52-55
This article is available from: http://dentalnursetasikmalaya.com/

© 2018 The Authors; Health Polytechnic of The Health Ministry Tasikmalaya

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://dentalnursetasikmalaya.com/), which
permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Abstract
Background and aims. The permanent first molar is very important, because it is so important tooth if this tooth has a
problem, it must be treated immediately. In spite of their enormous importance, permanent first molar might be affected by
caries in children in developing countries. The aim of this study was to announce the importance of dental treatment needs
for permanent first molar to Indonesian elementary school students.
Materials and methods. This study was carried out on 7-12 years old of 1520 patient’s elementary student from all
dental therapists clinic then would be taken 150 patient of elementary student from population, the data was taken based on
gender and age, the treatments (TAF, Fissure Sealant, ART, Glass Ionomer Filling, Endodontic treatment, Extraction and
Prostodontic) and DMF-T index. After coding of variables, all of data were gathered and computerized the SPSS Software
was use to describe the frequency and percentage of all patient. Chi-square and Mann-Whitney were used for data analysis.
Results. A total of 150 students (75 boys and 75 girls) with an age range 7-12 years were surveyed from 38 in all
Indonesian dental therapists clinic. The DMFT index in permanent first molars was 85.33% in the present study. Our results
showed that 85.33% of elementary school student needed some type of treatment, which is more than other studies. There
was significant different in need for filling. In our study some treatment had the greatest need for filling (39.4%) and
Prostodontic (31.5%).
Conclusion. High treatment needs and caries prevalence in permanent first molar in Indonesia Elementary School student
show that dental caries is still important problem in the children of our society, therefore educating the parents and teachers
in the importance of permanent first molars and promoting children’s oral health care is necessary.
Key words: Caries prevalence, first molar, DMF-T and dental treatment needs
 First Molar Treatment Needs to Elementary Student 53
Introduction assess the treatment needs for primary and permanent
teeth in Children. This tudy got the data from dental

T he first permanent molars are the most

important, because considered a key of
occlusion system. The common causes of
losing permanent first molar was dental caries, if the
first permanent molar was losing by dental caries, it
could create a hollow space with the result the
neighbooring teeth could be shifting and supereruption
of the teeth in the opposite arch. By it’s the opposite
teeth would be down and occupying to the hollow
space and finally would be imperfection on the
mastication system or malocclusion.
The cause of losing permanent first molar teeth
was usually by dental caries which left and the
assumtion of parents who considered that permanent
first molar was first molar (decidui teeth). Based on
Riset Kesehatan Dasar (RISKESDAS, 2013)the
prevalance of dental caries in Indonesia increased to
53.2% from 2007. The first permanent molar teeth
usually erupt when a Child is six years of age, at this
age is the right time to doing topical application of
fluoride (TAF) treatment. This treatment highly
recommended for a new eruption of permanent teeth
and the function to strengthen enamel surface of tooth
not be occur by dental caries (Ni Made, 2014). it should
be noted that occlusal surfaces of permanent first molar
has several pits and fissures that make them
suscepticable to dental caries (Dental schoolchildren,
2009) in this condition was recommended to do the
treatment pit and fissure sealant. If in the surface of
enamel we found a black spot which is first
characteristic of dental caries we should to do ART
sealant treatment. This black spot became tooth cavity
and made painfull without the treatment, so we should
to do Glass Ionomer or resin composite sealant. If the
condition of dental caries was achieved the cavum pulp
then it should to do endodontic treatment and if the
tooth could not maintain it should be exodontia and
prostodontic treatment.
To maintain the prevalence of dental caries in
Indonesia for not to increasing every year and because
the first permanent molar are utmost of importance in
children for balanced mastication system and the
generally treatment must be done to maintenance the
permanent first molar which mentioned above, we
decide to announce the importance of dental treatment
needs for permanent first molar to Indonesian
elementary school students.
record and odontogram among 7-12 years old or
elementary student in all Indonesian dental therapists
clinic, the data was taken and reevaluated to seen the
condition of elementary student permanent first molar. A
total of 1520 patient’s elementary student from all dental
therapists clinic then would be taken 150 patient of
elementary student from population, the data was taken
based on gender and age, the treatments (TAF, Fissure
Sealant, ART, Glass Ionomer Filling, Endodontic
treatment, Extraction and Prostodontic) and DMF-T
index.
The type of data in this study was secondary data
which obtained from patients elementary student data
collection in all Indonesian dental therapists clinic, in the
form of DMF-T index data. The DMF-T index was the
instrument for measuring experiences of primary tooth
caries, where the meaning of D code was Decay (caries),
the meaning of M code was Missing (missing teeth by
caries) and the meaning of F code was Filling (good
sealant).
After coding of variables (Gender, treatment,
And DMF-T) all of data were gathered and computerized
the SPSS Software was use to describe the frequency and
percentage of all patient. Chi-square and Mann-Whiteney
used for data analysis.
Results
A total of 150, 7-12 year-old of elementary
students were surveyed, consisting of 75 (50%) girls and
75 (50%) boys. All the subjects were in mixed dentition
period. The chi-square was used to compare DMFT
between genders.
Table 1: Distribution frequency of respondent by gender
Gender (n) (%)
Girls 75 50
Boys 75 50
Total 150 100
It was significantly higher in girls (DMFT =
65.55%) than boys (DMFT = 63.83%) in maintain teeth.
Chi-Square and Mann-Whitney ware used to compare
DMFT between the two gender groups.
Table 2: DMFT in permanent first molar by gender

Gende D M F Total
Materials and Methods r
N % N % n % n %
The present study was carried out by (Bunga Female 2 50.0 15 30.0 10 20 50 100.0
2016) student of Bachelor Dental Therapist in Health 5
Male 4 51.3 25 32.1 13 16.7 78 100.0
Polytechnic of Tasikmalaya, the Ministry of Health to
JODDD, Vol. 4, No. 2 Autumn 2018

0 required some type of treatment. From 150 children
Total 6 50.8 40 31.2 23 18.0 12
5 8
Table 3: Comparison analysis DMFT by gender
Gender N Mean Rank
Girls 50 65.55
Boys 78 63.83
Total 128
Table 4 shows the results for dental treatment needs by
gender. A total of (85.33%)of the study population
Table 4: Dental treatment needs in first permanent molar by gender
Discussion
A total of 150 students (75 boys and 75 girls)
with an age range 7-12 years were surveyed from 38 in
all Indonesian dental therapists clinic. The DMFT index
in permanent first molars was 85.33% in the present
study. Our results showed that 85.33% of elementary
school student needed some type of treatment, which is
more than other studies. There was significant different
in need for filling. In our study some treatment had the
greatest need for filling (39.4%) and prostodontic
(31.5%).
It was found that the boys had more need for
filling and prostodontic treatments for permanent first
molar. As a result, boys had more treatments need than
girls, which might be attributed to a greater attention
paid to oral health by girls in comparison with boys.
It was concluded that (13.4%) in Indonesian of
elementary school student needed TAF, (3.9%) for
fissure sealant, (11.8%) for pulp care, (31.5%) for
prostodontic and for filling had the greatest need
(39.4%) Treatment needs for primary and permanent
teeth have been evaluted in a number of studied by
Bunga and in our study has only to announce the
parents and teachers about the importance of dental
treatment needs for permanent first molar to indonesian
elementary school students.
It should be pointed out that the importance of
dental treatment needs for permanent first molar. The
high level of caries experience and the need for fillings
in permanent first molar, in the present study shows a
JODDD, Vol. 4, No. 2 Autumn 2018
First Molar Treatment Needs to Elementary Student 54
100.0 examined, 17 (13.4%) needed for topical application of
fluor, 5 (3.9%) needed fissure sealant and 50 (39.4%)
required filings. The needed for pulp care 15 (11.8%),
and Prosthodontic treatment 40 (31.5%). Chi-square was
used to evaluate the relationship between gender and type
of treatment needs. There was significant different in
need for filling.
low level of parental awareness about the important of
permanent first molar and the oral health of children.
Parents and teachers must be instructed in the
importance of permanent first molars in the oral cavity,
oral hygiene, decreasing the frequency of sugar
consumption, use of multiple delivery systems of
fluoride and routine chek up. It should be emphatically
that insurance policies do not cover the costs of dental
treatments and preventive measures which play an
important role in the lack of access to oral health service
systems in our society.
Conclusions
Permanent first molar are the most important
teeth but missing of permanent first molar is a common
finding in this selected population. High treatment needs
and caries prevalence in permanent first molar in
Indonesian Elementary School student show that dental
caries is still important problem in the children of our
society, therefore educating the parents and teachers on
the importance of permanent first molars and promoting
children’s oral health care is necessary.
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