9/15/2016 Motor STAR ­ DELTA Starter Working principle Instrumentation Tools

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 February 24, 2016  S Bharadwaj Reddy  Leave a comment  42 Views

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A Dual starter connects the motor terminals directly to the power supply. Hence, the motor is subjected to the full voltage of the
power supply. Consequently, high starting current ࿼ows through the motor. This type of starting is suitable for small motors below
5 hp (3.75 kW).

Reduced-voltage starters are employed with motors above 5 hp. Although Dual motor starters are available for motors less than
150kW on 400 V and for motors less than 1 MW on 6.6 kV.

Supply reliability and reserve power generation dictates the use of reduced voltage or not to reduce the starting current of an
induction motor, the voltage across the motor need to be reduced. This can be done by

1. Autotransformer starter, www.ti.com

2. Star-delta starter or

3. Resistor starter.

Also Read :
Now-a-days VVVF drive (VFD) used extensively for speed control serves this purpose also.
Basic Electrical
In dual starter the motor is directly fed from the line and in star delta starter then motor is started initially from star and later Engineering Questions
& Answers
during running from delta. This is a  starting  method  that reduces the starting  current  and starting  torque.  The  Motor  must
 January 23, 2016
be delta connected during a normal run, in order to be able to use this starting method.

Basics of Star and Delta

The received starting current is about 30 % of the starting current during direct on line start and the starting torque is reduced to connections
about 25 % of the torque available at a D.O.L start.  January 17, 2016

Star/Delta starters

Star/Delta starters are probably the most common reduced voltage starters in the 50Hz world. (Known as Wye/Delta starters in Variable Frequency
the 60Hz world). They are used in an attempt to reduce the start current applied to the motor during start as a means of reducing Drive Working
Principle
the disturbances and interference on the electrical supply.  January 10, 2016

Component: The Star/Delta starter is manufactured from three contactors, a timer and a thermal overload. The contactors are
smaller than
ANIMATION the single
BASICS  contactor used in a
MEASUREMENT Direct on
SYSTEMS  Line
HOW starter as theyTOOLS
IT WORKS are controlling
 Q & Awinding
 currents
ONLINE TESTonly. The currents
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through the winding are 1√3 = 0.58 (58%) of the current in the line. this connection amounts to approximately 30% of the delta
values. The starting current is reduced to one third of the direct starting current. Pcb testing
Professional optical
Also Read :  Electrical Terminology precision AOI. China
How it works?
leading
Manufacturers.ISO.CE.
There are two contactors that are close during run, often referred to as the main contactor and the delta contactor. These are AC3
rated at 58% of the current rating of the motor. The third contactor is the star contactor and that only carries star current while
the motor is connected in star. The current in star is one third of the current in delta, so this contactor can be AC3 rated at one
third of the motor rating.

In operation, the Main Contactor (KM3) and the Star Contactor (KM1) are closed initially, and then after a period of time, the star
contactor is opened, and then the delta contactor (KM2) is closed. The control of the contactors is by the timer (K1T) built into the
starter. The Star and Delta are electrically interlocked and preferably mechanically interlocked as well.

In e࿼ect, there are four states:

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9/15/2016 Motor STAR ­ DELTA Starter Working principle Instrumentation Tools
In e࿼ect, there are four states:

1. OFF State: All Contactors are open

2. Star State: The Main and the Star contactors are closed and the delta contactor is open. The motor is connected in star and will
produce one third of DOL torque at one third of DOL current.
3. Open State: The Main contactor is closed and the Delta and Star contactors are open. There is voltage on one end of the motor
windings, but the other end is open so no current can ࿼ow. The motor has a spinning rotor and behaves like a generator.
4. Delta State: The Main and the Delta contactors are closed. The Star contactor is open. The motor is connected to full line
voltage and full power and torque are available.

This type of operation is called open transition switching because there is an open state between the star state and the delta state.


Also Read :

Basic Electrical
Engineering Questions
& Answers
 January 23, 2016

Basics of Star and Delta

connections
 January 17, 2016

Also Read: Variable Frequency Drive Working Principle

Variable Frequency
Drive Working
Principle
 January 10, 2016

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Author

S Bharadwaj Reddy
Instrumentation Professional Working in a reputed Oil & Gas Company.

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