Professional Documents
Culture Documents
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
TST. 10 :
1. FOUNDATION WORK................................................................................................................ 2
4. TYPE OF FOUNDATION............................................................................................................. 3
5. OTHER PARTICULARS.............................................................................................................. 6
6. DESIGN OF FOUNDATION......................................................................................................... 7
Buku B TST.10-1
BAB IV. SYARAT – SYARAT TEKNIK DAN GAMBAR
BAB IV.3: TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION
1. FOUNDATION WORK
The Bidder shall be responsible for the Designs of safe foundation for each tower.
(1) All foundations shall be designed to withstand the greatest uplift, down thrust and
horizontal load derived from loading using safety factors as stated in 6. Design of
Foundation.
(2) All foundations shall be designed based upon the soil parameters get from the report of
soil investigation.
(3) All calculation sheets and drawings shall be submitted to the Engineer for Approval, and
the type of standard foundation to be used for each tower shall be approved and will be
decided base on the most economic solution.
(4) Settlement shall be check for foundation class III, V, VI and VII based on soil
investigation data.
(5) All foundations shall be checked before designed for each foundation based on data
geological Map from Sekretariat Badan Geologi.
Specified standards included, but are not necessarily limited to the following:
a. Where soil investigation has been already carried out by the Purchases, the Bidder have
to be sure by his own justification, that the soil investigation data is applicable to their
Buku B TST.10-2
BAB IV. SYARAT – SYARAT TEKNIK DAN GAMBAR
BAB IV.3: TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION
design.
Checking of soil investigation shall be done by Bidder and the result shall be submitted to
the Engineer for his approval, if the data is not available, the Bidder shall carry out soil
investigation according to this clause of soil investigation.
Check soil investigation shall be carried out by bore hole investigation at each tower
location in order to provide suitable correlation, between the soil type and sub surface
strata occurring along the line route.
b. Where the data of result of soil investigation by Purchaser are not available, so the Bidder
shall carry out bore hole investigation at each tower location and the Dutch Cone
Penetrometer Test (DCPT) shall be carried out at every tower location.
c. DCPT shall be applied until the value of the cones shown 200 kg/cm 2, or 25 m maximum
depth.
d. The depth of auger boring is 5 m for necessary laboratory testing to permit assessment of
the physical properties required for foundation design. Bore investigation include the
sample drilling starting at every 1 m depth up to 5 m.
The result of all soil tests shall be submitted to the engineer in an approved manner
together with any proposals, which the Bidder may consider it necessary to make with
regard to the parameters and recommended alternative foundations according to typical
design, which is specified.
And others code standards which related to the above mentioned test.
The earth resistivity tests will be performed by approved earth testing set and method.
The costs of soil and resistivity tests will be included in the rate for Profile Survey.
4. TYPE OF FOUNDATION
(1) The type of foundations for each tower shall be determined by the Bidder under his full
responsibility and shall be indicated in the tower schedule.
(2). Foundations to be applied for this Contract are classified as follows (drawings are
attached in Bab IV.4).
Foundation Class I, II, III, IVa, IVb, V, VI and VII shall be spread type foundations and
soil condition to be applied for there are as follows:
Buku B TST.10-3
BAB IV. SYARAT – SYARAT TEKNIK DAN GAMBAR
BAB IV.3: TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION
The pile foundations may be concrete pile or other type of pile approved by the
Engineer.
Concrete pile shall be used in shallow ground water level so that foundation body is
in submerged Condition.
Buku B TST.10-4
BAB IV. SYARAT – SYARAT TEKNIK DAN GAMBAR
BAB IV.3: TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION
FOUNDATION CLASS 1 2 3 4a 4b 5 6 7
Concrete Pad & Concrete Pad & Concrete Pad & Concrete Pad & Block and Anchor Raft Enlarge Pad Concrete Pad &
Foundation Types Pile Foundation
Chimney Chimney Chimney Chimney Foundation & Chimney Chimney
Soft rock
Normal soil Normal soil
condition (non Hard rock condition Bad soil condition Very bad soil
Approximate soil/rock description Very Good Soil Good Soil condition no condition with
homegeneous (homegeneous rock) no ground water condition
ground water ground water
rock)
2 5 > σ > 2.50 2.5 > σ > 1.2 1.2 > σ > 0.7 8>σ>5 σ >8 0.7 > σ > 0.5 σ < 0.5 5 > σ > 0.5
Allowable bearing capacity (kg/cm )
3 1600 1600 1600 2000 **) 2500 **) 1950/950 *) 1950/950 *) 950 *)
Soil/rock unit weight kg/m
Below foundation Below foundation Below foundation Below foundation Below foundation Above foundation
Water table Variable Variable
level level level level level level
Buku B TST.10-5
BAB IV. SYARAT – SYARAT TEKNIK DAN GAMBAR
BAB IV.3: TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION
5. OTHER PARTICULARS
(1) The Bidder shall have to select the most economical solution as to concrete volume,
depth, dimensions and reinforcements if necessary, according to the applied loadings;
the result of the soil survey and the safety factors that are the same as before.
(2) All foundation shall make adequate provision for horizontal shear forces in the region of
ground line.
(3) Foundation designs shall be modified where necessary when erected in ground not
conforming to the assumed conditions set out in Schedule.
(4) Adhesion between the galvanized stubs and concrete foundations shall not be entirely
relied upon for transmitting load to the foundations, and stubs shall be provided with
bolted-on cleats which shall comply with the requirements
.
(5) As far as practicable, for any one standard tower type, the foundation stubs and
foundation design themselves shall be identical for standard towers and extended
towers and leg extensions.
(6) Setting templates, leveling instruments and theodolits shall be used by the Bidder
during alignment and installation of the tower stubs and the towers. The Bidder is
responsible for the correct coordination of the construction of the tower foundations and
installation of tower stubs and the lower section of the towers.
Leveling instruments and theodolits for setting the tower stubs or lower tower section
shall be made available by Bidder. Structural steel parts to be covered with concrete
have to be free of paint. The tower stubs shall stand on concrete cube/plates which
have to be provided and placed by the Bidder.
(7) All steelwork below ground except concrete reinforcement rods, whether part of the
tower or part of the foundation, shall be galvanized and completely covered with
encasing concrete not less than 75 mm thick from a point 150 mm above ground down
to the main foundation block or, for rock foundations, down to the rock. Where
necessary, the encasing concrete shall be keyed to the steelwork or to the main
foundation in an approved manner; care shall be taken to ensure that no crack and
develop between the encasing and the main concrete
(8) Unless otherwise approved, concrete for concrete foundations shall consist of the one
part of cement, two parts of the sand and four part of gravel or broken stone. The
proportions for encasing concrete shall be one parts of cement, two parts of sand three
parts of broken stone.
(9) The upper surface of the concrete for all types of foundations shall be sloped in an
approved manner to prevent accumulation of water and the whole exposed surface
shall be rendered with concrete composed of one parts of cement to two parts of sand.
(10) Joints in the concrete foundations are to be avoided as mush as possible. Where the
construction of the foundation is such that joints are unavoidable adequate bond
between the old and new concrete shall be ensured by chipping the old concrete to a
rough, clean surface free from loose particles. Immediately before casting the new
concrete, this cleaned surface shall be primed with a layer approximately 15 mm thick of
a wet mix of cement and fine sand in equal proportions.
(11) All cement used shall be of Portland or the approved composition obtained from an
approved maker. Portland cement shall conform in all respects to NATIONAL
STANDARD (SNI) or other equivalent National Standard. Where Portland cement
Buku B TST.10-6
BAB IV. SYARAT – SYARAT TEKNIK DAN GAMBAR
BAB IV.3: TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION
concrete may be liable to chemical attack sulphate/salt may be used where approved.
Cement shall be stored in an approved temporary storage.
(12) All aggregated shall be obtained from sources approved by the engineer and shall be
clean and free of clay, earth, organic matter, salt or other impurities.
b. Fine aggregated shall, unless otherwise approved by the Engineer, be sand, well
graded from 4 mm gauge downwards. No seashore sand shall be used.
c. Water shall be obtained only from sources approved by the Engineer. It shall be
clean, free from deleterious materials and chemically neutral.
(13) All steel rod reinforcement shall be clean and free from loose mile scale, loose rust, oil
and grease or other harmful matter and except at bends shall be truly straight before
being surrounded with concrete. Evidence of steel quality shall be provided. The
quantities, lengths, diameters, form and positions of all reinforcing bars shall be in
accordance with approved Drawings.
(14) The steel reinforcement shall be so connected as to form a rigid cage or mat. To prevent
displacement before or during concreting, the bars shall be secured one to the other
with 18 gauge soft iron wire. Sufficient recast concrete rings or distance blocks shall be
used between the reinforcement and the bottom and sides of the excavations to ensure
the correct cover of concrete of not less strength than that of the concrete in which they
occur.
(15) Steel rod reinforcement shall be bent cold in a manner which will not injure the material.
Bending hot at a cherry red head (ie not exceeding 840 0C) may be allowed except for
bars which depend for their strength on cold working. Bars bent shall not be cooled by
quenching
.
(16) After 28 days since the foundation curing finished, foundation should be backfill with the
selected soil material, layer by layer of 30 cm thick, and compacted with tamper
6. DESIGN OF FOUNDATION
In the verification of the stability of foundations, it is stated that, against uplifting forces, it will
be taken into account:
- For shallow foundations: the weight of the backfill inside the cone shaped volume which top
angle is equal to the angle of friction of the soil and which height is equal to the depth of
the foundation.
- For special (piles) foundations: the friction force all along the depth of the pile which value
Buku B TST.10-7
BAB IV. SYARAT – SYARAT TEKNIK DAN GAMBAR
BAB IV.3: TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION
is equal to the outer surface of the pile multiplied by the unit bond factor which depends on
the soil and the type of pile.
The loading condition of foundation for selected conductor’s size should be designed by
the Bidder (see Book C: BOQ).
All types of foundation shall be designed to withstand uplift, settlement, over-turning and
sliding when subjected to the specified condition of tower loading. Allowance shall be
made in foundation design for hydrostatic pressure where this may occur and the effects
of seasonal rains, drying out cyclic loading and wind induced vibration of tower members.
All foundations shall make adequate provisions to resist horizontal shear forces in the
region of the ground line, making due allowance for the effects of hillside leg extensions.
The cost of these chimney extensions are deemed to be included in the cost of the
standard foundation.
For the standard towers ,the design of the footings for the compression legs may differ in
approved manner from those for the tension legs.
As far as practicable, for any one standard tower type, the foundation stub joint and also
the dimensions of each standard foundation shall be identical for standard towers for
extended towers and for leg extensions and shall comply with the requirements of the
specification on construction.
All steelwork below ground except reinforcement bars, whether part of the tower or part of
foundation shall be galvanized and completely covered with encasing concrete not less
than 75 mm thick from a point 150 mm above ground down to the main foundation block
or, for rock foundations, down to the rock.
Where necessary, the encasing concrete shall be keyed to the steelwork or to the main
foundation in an approved manner. Care shall be taken to ensure that no crack can be
developed between encasing concrete and the main foundation concrete. The chimney
surrounding the stub shall be of reinforced concrete. Cover over all reinforcement bars
shall not be less than 50 mm.
As an addition to the main quotation which shall be completed in full and shall be based
on the foundation types specified, alternative types of foundation differing from those
specified may be considered subject to the approval by the Engineer of design principles,
Buku B TST.10-8
BAB IV. SYARAT – SYARAT TEKNIK DAN GAMBAR
BAB IV.3: TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION
parameters, and all relevant factors affecting the performance of the proposed
foundations over the service life of the transmission line.
a. Rock foundation
b. Concrete pad and chimney foundation
c. Raft foundation
d. Special foundation
Single footing of each standard class of tower foundation designed in accordance with the
particulars given in Book C and any special foundations when instructed by the Engineer shall
tested in accordance with the Technical Specification.
Concrete where necessary shall be reinforced and shall be designed, detailed and
constructed, using design mixes to SNI T-15-1990-F (Tatacara Pembuatan Rencana
Campuran Beton Normal )
The type of foundation to be used at each tower position shall be to approval and shall
normally be decided on the most economic solution.
a. Rock foundation.
The holes for stubs shall be made in such a manner as to eliminate the possibility of
serious cracking of the surrounding rock. The dimensions of the hole shall be approved
and shall ensure the stubs are firmly keyed and grouted and in no case shall the stub
be embedded less than 1 meter into the rock. The stubs shall be galvanized, except that
it shall be permissible to cut on site, lengths at the bottom ends of the stubs when the
upper surface of the rock is at or near ground level. The stubs shall be encased as for
other types of foundation with the expectation that the encasing concrete shall extend
down to the upper surface of the rock. Where the use of embedded stubs is not
economical, other types of rock foundation consisting of grouted anchors may be used.
The construction methods and design detail for grouted anchors shall be proposed by
the Bidder and approved by the engineer. Before Constructing, the test of the rock
anchor friction force/Up lift force must be done minimum 1 (one) hole for each tower
The concrete shall be reinforced. All steelwork below ground level (except concrete
reinforcement) shall be completely galvanized and firmly keyed and grouted and
designed to withstand the load due to the specified conditions in accordance with the
particulars gives in Book C. The stubs shall be directly buried in concrete and loads in
the stubs shall be transferred to the main concrete block by means of bolted-on cleats,
which shall comply with the requirements of Book C.
In no case shall be allowable bearing capacity of the ground be exceeded and any
eccentricities created by biaxial loading shall fall within the middle third of the base on
both axes. In no case shall the area of the base in uplift due to the effect of the
eccentricities be greater than 25 % of the total area of the base.
Subject to the approval of the Engineer, concrete pad and chimney foundations may be
employed with undercut excavations. At tower sites where there is suitable fractured
Buku B TST.10-9
BAB IV. SYARAT – SYARAT TEKNIK DAN GAMBAR
BAB IV.3: TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION
rock or where the soils are stiff or dense and free from standing water and will permit a
satisfactory undercut without risk of collapse, the base of the excavation walls shall be
so undercut. The undercut shall extend to a maximum of 300 mm outside the walls of
the excavation, which shall be vertical. The outer edge of the undercut shall also be
vertical for a maximum of 100 mm and the upper surface sloped to an angle of 50° from
the horizontal. All such under-cutting of excavations for foundations shall be carried out
by hand tools and use of excavators will not be permitted.
Care shall be taken to ensure inclusions of foreign matter for not occur during
concreting and the sides of the 'undercut' shall be lined with waterproof paper or similar
material to prevent migration of fine aggregate and cement.
In order to distinguish the standard concrete pad and chimney foundation combined with
an undercut excavation the word 'undercut' shall be appended to the foundation
description.
c. Special foundation.
To enable the type and size of a special foundation to be determined the Engineer may
require a specialist soil investigation to be undertaken and a report and recommendation
submitted. The report shall include soil cohesion and/or friction values obtained by
means of triaxial test to SNI M-05-1990 and compression tests to SNI M-14-1989 from
undisturbed borehole samples together with other complementary laboratory test
results.
Subject to the approval of the Engineer, where other towers adjacent to the bore hole
are deemed to require special foundations additional in site tests shall be undertaken to
correlate the soils test data. These tests shall include, but not necessarily be confined
to, use of the standard penetrometer, the shear vane, the penevane or the Dutch Cone
(static penetration test) and bearing test plates.
Pile foundations shall comprise reinforced concrete piles bored or driven to a depth
determined by the Site soil investigation. Driven reinforced concrete piles will normally
be preferred if access costs are not prohibited. Unless otherwise agreed with the
Engineer, when bored piles are employed, a minimum of two piles shall be constructed
for each tower leg footing. The length to diameter ratio of any bored pile shall not exceed
50:1. Where the subsoil conditions dictate, steel casings may be left in the bore as a
precaution against the formation of voids. Wherever possible, bores terminating in stiff
clay or other suitable strata are to be provided with a bulb end or undercut. Piles may be
raked or vertical.
To resist horizontal shear forces piles any be connected by tie beams extending between
the tower legs at the surface of the ground. The tower stub or anchor plate shall be
grouted into a concrete block extending over the pile group and the whole shall be
properly reinforced to ensure no rupture of the concrete when subjected to simultaneous
Buku B TST.10-10
BAB IV. SYARAT – SYARAT TEKNIK DAN GAMBAR
BAB IV.3: TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION
Bearing for pile foundations shall be composed of pile end bearing or shear resistance of
the soils developed over the effective surface area of the piles depending on whether the
pile is end-bearing or designed in friction. The under-surface of the pile cap shall be
considered as not contributing to the bearing surface of the foundation.
The pile foundation resistance to uplift shall be the sum of the shear resistance of the
soils developed over the effective surface area of the piles and the weight of the
concrete piles including the pile cap. The minimum weight of any pile cap shall not be
less than the uplift developed under the conditions of "everyday" temperature and
reduced wind; reduced wind for tension towers at 40 % of the specified wind pressure
and for suspension towers at 20 % of the specified wind pressure. Due allowance shall
be made in all calculations for hydrostatic pressure where the water table occurs above
the base of the piles. The loading capacity of a pile group shall be reduced by a factor
appropriate to the configuration of the group. The soil sub-grade reaction to horizontal
forces shall also be evaluated and the pile and/or collar beams reinforced as found
necessary.
To allow for shrinkage due to seasonal changes in soil water content it shall be assumed
that a minimum of the top 1.5 meters of each pile has no contact with surrounding soils.
The effective surface area of the pile shall be calculated accordingly.
Subject to the approval of the Engineer, additional piles may be installed at a tower site
for the purpose of tests to confirm the uplift and/or bearing capacity of the installed piles.
Where possible such tests shall be carried out before concreting of the pile caps for the
tower foundations thus allowing for additional piles to be installed if necessary. Piles
shall be excavated to a minimum of 1.5 meters or suitably sleeved during construction to
ensure no soil adhesion during testing.
All special foundations shall be designed in accordance with the requirements of Book
C.
(1) General
(a) Except for those which are specified in the Specifications and the Drawings,
execution shall be in accordance with the "Standard Specifications for Concrete" by
PBI “71(Peraturan Beton Bertulang Indonesia 1971), SKSNI ‘91, ACI Code.
(b) Under the responsible supervision of the Bidder, standard test cylinders Ǿ 15 cm,
30 cm height, shall be poured at the beginning of, and from time to time during
foundation work according to the indications of the engineer or the Owner's
supervision.
(c) For clear identification the following data shall be attached to the standard cylinder
boxes.
- Line section and tower number
- Name of local civil Bidder (CC)
- Name of CC's supervisors and his signature
- Composition of mixture
(d) The standard cylinders will be tested in a laboratory at the cost of the Bidder. The
concrete test shall be required for six test pieces for every 3m³ concreting. Three
pieces for 7 or 14 days strength and the other three pieces for 28 days strength.
Buku B TST.10-11
BAB IV. SYARAT – SYARAT TEKNIK DAN GAMBAR
BAB IV.3: TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION
And the slump test of concrete shall be executed once for every concreting.
(a) The Bidder shall study the specified mix and submit the table of design mix
proportion.
(b) The Bidder shall determine the job mix based on the condition of materials and
method of bathing in accordance with the specified mix, and it shall be submitted to
the Engineer.
(a) Where concrete is to be placed, the area shall be cleaned out of any foreign
materials prior to placement of the concrete.
(b) Concrete shall be placed soon after mixing. If it is not possible to place concrete
soon, the allowable time between mixing and the end of placement shall be limited
to one hour under warm and dry condition, and it shall not exceed two hours even
under cold and moist condition.
(c) Concrete in a unit working lot shall be placed continuously until the completion of
placement.
(f) Placed concrete shall be cured in such a way as to be protected against harmful
effect of low temperature, drying, sudden change in temperature, impact, etc.
The period of curing shall be subject to approval by the Engineer.
(5) Reinforcement
(b) Reinforcing bars shall be cleaned prior to fabrication and shall be free from any
loose rust oil or other matter which may have a harmful effect on the bond with
Buku B TST.10-12
BAB IV. SYARAT – SYARAT TEKNIK DAN GAMBAR
BAB IV.3: TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION
concrete.
(c) When joints of tension bars other than those shown in the Drawings are needed,
they shall be so arranged as not to be located in one section.
(d) Design tensile strength of reinforced steel bar shall be followed the Indonesia
standard code fc=240 MPa for diameter less than 13 mm and fc=400 MPa for
diameter same or more than 13 mm.
(e) Reinforcing bars shall be rigidly fabricated so that they will not be dislocated at the
time of concrete placement.
Fabrication shall be subject to inspection by the Engineer.
(f) The Bidder should prepare of working Drawing for fabrication of the reinforcing
bars with his responsibility, and submit the quantity, calculation sheet of reinforcing
bar to the Engineer for approval. After the completion of the works the Bidder
should submit the originals of these shop Drawings to the Owner.
(6) Formworks
(a) Design drawings of forms and timbering of specified structures shall be submitted to
the Engineer and shall be approved by the Engineer.
(b) Joints of sheathing boards or panels shall be either perpendicular to or parallel with
the exist of the member of the structure, and shall have the structure to prevent
leak of mortar. Sheathing boards or panels facing concrete, which will be latter
exposed, shall be made smooth on the surface.
(c) Forms and timbering shall be subject to inspection by the Engineer prior to the
placement of concrete.
Bidder shall execute the quality control program in accordance with the clauses of
"Quality Control" specified in Peraturan Beton Bertulang Indonesia 1971 and its
record shall be submitted if so directed by the Engineer.
(8) Tests
The Concrete test shall be required for 6 test pieces for every 3m³ concreting; 3 pieces
shall be tested for 7 or 14 days strength, the other 3 pieces shall be tested for 28 days
strength.
The slump test of concrete shall be executed once for every concreting. The expense for
the above tests shall be included in the unit prices.
The Bidder should prepare methods of construction with his responsibility and submit
the equipments materials man power and working time for each type of foundation to
the Engineer for approval.
The Bidder shall prepare and submit As Built Drawings to the Engineer for approval of
the detailed of all permanent works.
Buku B TST.10-13
BAB IV. SYARAT – SYARAT TEKNIK DAN GAMBAR
BAB IV.3: TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION
These As Built Drawings shall be of form, quality and to scales approved by the
Engineer. All as built drawings shall be completed and approved by the Engineer not
later than 6 months before the expiry of the Defect Liability period.
The Bidder shall provide and submit one original on soft copy and 5 reproducible
copy with the same scale and 10 reduces copy into A3 size.
(1) Scope
This section of the specification consists of the requirement for manufacturing, supplying
and driving of piles and bore pile mobilization of equipment, erection, and according to
the construction drawings.
(2) General
The foundation shall be constructed on load bearing of bored piles/driven piles. Setting
out of the bore/driven piles position shall be carried out by the Bidder in the presence of
the supervisor. A proper record must be taken and the Bidder is solely responsible for
their correct positions. Boring works shall be carried out mechanically and by a
specialist enterprise, to whom prior approval must be obtained from the Owner.
The length of each bored/driven piles will be in accordance with geotechnical survey.
However, the actual length of each pile must conform to the depth of the bearing stratum
and be determined on site by the supervisor, where the bored hole need to be prevented
from soft earth or influx of water by using casings.
Bidder shall furnish all labor, material and equipment, necessary design, to fabricate,
deliver, install and test all piles, complete as specified herein and shown on the
approved drawings.
The following codes and standards are specifically applicable to the design,
manufacture and testing of the work included in the specification
Proposal
A proposal shall be submitted for the driven piles or bore piles. The Bidder shall submit
with the Bid proposal details of the proposed pile, including the outside diameter, and
length of piles including the design calculation. Bidder shall be fully responsible for
furnishing the dimension required for driving piles or bored piles. Concrete strength shall
also be sufficient to withstand ground pressure from driving adjacent piles.
Buku B TST.10-14
BAB IV. SYARAT – SYARAT TEKNIK DAN GAMBAR
BAB IV.3: TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION
a. The Driven Piles shall indicate in the Bidder’s detail drawing, that have been
designed for safety factors at clause 6 Design of Foundation.
d. All other non pre-stressing reinforcing shall be deformed steel bars according
to JIS.G.3112 grade 40.
b. Piles shall be supplied free from harm-full defects and of good commercial
finish with regard to smoothness and free from loose scale and rust.
d. When requested by the owner, the Bidder shall accompany the owner to the
place of manufacturer to witness test and inspection carried out on the piles.
e. For each consignment of piles delivered to the site, the Bidder shall submit to
the owner, copies of the manufactures certificate.
(4).A.3. Submittal
a. Before commencing the work, the Bidder shall be prepared and submitted to
the owner for approval the following:
b. No more than three (3) weeks after completing the works, the bidder shall
submit a quality control (QC) report in accordance with this specification of
concrete work.
(4).A.4 Jointing
Soil investigations to obtain the necessary soil data will be performed by the
Bidder as required.
Buku B TST.10-15
BAB IV. SYARAT – SYARAT TEKNIK DAN GAMBAR
BAB IV.3: TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION
a) The Bidder shall lay out lines and grades and be fully responsible for
correctness of such lines and grades and for proper execution of the work to
such lines and grades.
b) All surveying shall be in accordance with the specification.
a) Driving equipment
The Bidder shall submit with the Bid proposal full details of the proposed pile
driving equipment and the method of carrying out the work. Such information
shall include: a full description of frame, hammer and packing, the method of
handling and pitching piles and supporting them during driving and proposed
driving procedure to obtain the penetration and accuracy required. The pilling
equipment shall be capable of driving the piles to the ultimate resistance of 2
times nominal compression capacity/design load capacity.
b) Length of piles
The length of piles shall be as necessary to develop the required pile capacity.
The Bidder shall determine length of piles based on geotechnical data and
shall be proven by pile load test.
c) Setting out
The main setting out for the piles is to be completed prior to commencement
of pilling. Secondary or individual pile setting out is to be completed and
agreed upon not less than 8 hours prior to commencing work on the piles
concerned. All main setting out points, lines stations and the like are to be
maintained safe and undisturbed.
d) Driving on piles
i. All piles shall satisfy the tolerance for position and inclination as stated
herein. The deviation in position of the as driven centerline of a pile or the
projection of its centerline from the pile center point as shown on the
setting out drawings shall not exceed 75 mm when measured in a
horizontal direction at the defined level. Deviation from vertical piles and
batter piles shall not deviate by more than 2 in 100 from the specified
batter.
Buku B TST.10-16
BAB IV. SYARAT – SYARAT TEKNIK DAN GAMBAR
BAB IV.3: TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION
vi The Bidder shall consider the possibility of vibration and lateral soil
displacement during pile driving to ensure that the function of adjacent
foundation are not affected to avoid such problem, pre-augering before
pile driving maybe proposed.
e) Pile cut-off
On completion of the driving of the piles to the levels approved by the Owner,
the heads of all piles shall be cut off the level indicated of the drawing. Cut-off
piles at elevations indicate shall be down by the Bidder only after there is no
danger from upheaval. All cut-offs shall be come property of the Bidder and
shall be remove by him from the Project site at no cost to the owner..
f) Extraction of piles
Adequate structural connection between the piles and the pile caps shall be
provided to suit design talking into account the seismic requirements.
During the course of the work, the Bidder shall maintain a complete record of pile
construction and the Bidder shall submit to the Owner, in approved format, a
record of each pile. Each pile record shall be submitted immediately after
completion of each pile, and shall include the followings:
- Type pile
- Pile number and all principal characteristics of the pile including dimensions
- The depth and rate of penetration, in relation to site datum, for the length of the
pile
- Details of driving and installation sequence progress, including dates, times,
equipment used and personnel (operator, engineer, etc).
- The equipment hammer model number, weight and rated energy
Buku B TST.10-17
BAB IV. SYARAT – SYARAT TEKNIK DAN GAMBAR
BAB IV.3: TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION
a) Work specified under this section includes furnishing all labor, materials
and equipment for compression, tension and lateral load testing of the
piles.
d) The pile load testing shall be carried out to the satisfaction of the Owner.
e) Upon completion of the preliminary pile load testing, the Bidder shall cut-
off the preliminary test piles, as directed by the Owner and dispose of the
out-off position.
2) Care shall be taken to ensure that the load applied by the hydraulic
jack is coaxial with the pile.
4) Prior to driving each preliminary test pile, the Bidder shall drill a bore
Buku B TST.10-18
BAB IV. SYARAT – SYARAT TEKNIK DAN GAMBAR
BAB IV.3: TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION
hole located between 1 and 2 meters from each test pile. The boring
shall consist of continuous sampling with Standard Penetration Test
(SPT) being preformed at 2.0 m intervals in the soil continuous
sampling. A Dutch cone penetration test shall also be performed at
each boring location.
5) Before commencing any test, the Bidder shall submit for approval full
detail of his proposals including the datum beam arrangement and
location of supports. Working piles shall not be used as tension
reaction piles.
7) The calibrated load cell shall be used for the load measurements.
1) Perform uplift and compressive load test on individual piles type test
and foundation type test in accordance with applicable requirements
of ASTM D 3689 and ASTM D 1143.
5) Test load for piles test to failure shall be applied in accordance with
the procedure for loading in excess of standard load test, as
specified in ASTM.
Test loads on production piles shall be applied in accordance with
the standard loading procedure, as specified in ASTM. The primary
load tests to failure shall include the cyclical load test of ASTM.
Production pile load tests shall include the cyclical load tests only
when indicated on the approved drawings.
Buku B TST.10-19
BAB IV. SYARAT – SYARAT TEKNIK DAN GAMBAR
BAB IV.3: TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION
5) Monitor pile built movement and rotation of the head of the test piles.
1) Provide all equipment and materials required for the tests and
remove all such equipment and materials at conclusion of tests.
3) Test Results: Submit test results complete with tabulation of all test
data to the Owner immediately after conclusion of test. Data shall
include, as minimum, calibration results of all test loading equipment,
all dial gauge readings at each increment and decrement fo load,
time duration of test with time started and time completed and any
unusual occurrences during testing.
e) Number Of Tests
2) PLN will select the working piles to be tested. At least one working
pile for each major grouping of piles or at least on working pile for
each one hundred piles will be tested or ordered directed by
engineer.
a) The bored Piles shall indicate in the Bidder’s detail drawing, that have been
designed for safety factors at clause 6 Design of Foundation.
b) All detail with respect to the pile dimensions, length, reinforcement, cover
Buku B TST.10-20
BAB IV. SYARAT – SYARAT TEKNIK DAN GAMBAR
BAB IV.3: TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION
plates etc. shall be shown on the Bidder’s shop drawings and subject to
approval by the Owner.
d) All reinforcing shall be deformed steel bars confirming to Grade 400 after
ASTM A 615M.
a) The Bidder shall submit with the Bid Proposal full details of the proposed pile
boring equipment and the method of carrying out the work, such information
shall include a full description of the frames, lifting devices and other
equipment needed for the installation.
c) The diameters of both augers and clearing bucket shall be least equal to the
diameters of pile to be installed. Where inclined rock surfaces are
encountered, a coring bucket shall be used to level the rock surface before
commencing with coring. The Bidder shall allow in the unit rate of the pile
costs for consequent enlargement of the pile arising from over boring,
including additional concrete resulting from such enlargement.
The length of the piles shall be as necessary to develop the required pile
capacity. The Bidder shall determine length of piles based on geotechnical
data and shall be proven by pile load tests.
The Bidder shall provide all pegs, rods, survey instrument, concrete pasts etc,
needed for setting out the works. The Bidder is to ensure that boundary marks
defining the limits of Owners property are in their correct positions. The Bidder
shall be responsible for setting out the piles from the approved drawings and
boundary marks, and for date guarding the position and level of all reference
pegs, boundary and bench marks used for setting out the piles.
a) All piles shall satisfy the tolerances for position and inclinations as stated
herein. The deviation in position of center of pile or the projection of its center
line from the pile center point as shown on the setting out drawing shall not
exceed 75 mm in any direction from the true position of the same pile, provide
also that the true centre of pile shall not deviate laterally from the true centre
of the same pile by more than 40 mm.
d) If any pile has been installed out of plan or line beyond allowable tolerance the
Bidder shall be responsible to remedy as noted above as no cost to the
Owner.
Buku B TST.10-21
BAB IV. SYARAT – SYARAT TEKNIK DAN GAMBAR
BAB IV.3: TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION
c) Piles shall not be bored so close to adjacent piles, which have been recently
cast and containing workable, unset or fresh concrete such that a flow of
concrete may be induced from or otherwise causing damage to those adjacent
piles.
d) No pile shall be bored or pile casing be driven nearer that five times its
diameter (measured center to center) from an unfilled pile borehole or from
uncased concrete pile where the concrete had been placed less than 24 hours
previously.
n case of deep piles with lengths in excess of 50 meters or where debris at the
bottom of the bore cannot be broken down sufficiently to facilitate extraction by
cleaning bucket method, the air lift (grab bucket) method may be employed in
combination with the flat bottom cleaning bucket to clean the base of pile. In
such cases, a final round of cleaning by the flat bottom bucket should always
be carried out before casting can proceed.
f) In the event of rapid loss of drilling fluid from the pile excavation, the
excavation shall be backfilled without delay with available material up to a
level where no further loss of drilling fluid is observed. The Bidder shall
investigate and determine the cause of fluid loss while the pile excavation is
left to stabilize under the action of the drilling fluid. Based on the outcome of
his investigation, the Bidder shall submit for agreement his proposed method
of construction before resuming pile construction.
g) All reasonable steps shall be taken to prevent the spillage of drilling fluid on
the site in areas outside the immediate vicinity of the bore. In particular,
discarded bentonite shall be removed from the site without delay. Any disposal
of bentonite shall comply with the regulations of the local controlling authority.
(4).B.2.5. Concreting
b) The concrete for each pile shall be from the same source. The Bidder is to
ensure that the supply from what ever source (whether site-mixed or ready
mixed) is of sufficient quantity so that concrete for each pile shall be placed
without such interruption as would allow the workability of the previously
placed batch to have deteriorated significantly.
c) All holes bored shall be concreted within the same day. In the event of rain,
the Bidder is to provide adequate shelter to keep the hole dry and to concrete
under cover.
d) The method of placing and the workability of concrete shall be such that a
Buku B TST.10-22
BAB IV. SYARAT – SYARAT TEKNIK DAN GAMBAR
BAB IV.3: TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION
Concrete shall be finished not less than 500 mm above the cut-off level
(overcast) to ensure that all concrete at and below cut-off level is
homogeneous and free of laitance and deterious matter. A thicker overcast
may be required by the Owner depending on site conditions, and this shall be
carried out without extra cost. The overcast shall be chipped off level later by
the Bidder.
Adequate structural connection between the piles and the caps shall be
provided to suit design taking into account the seismic requirements.
During the course of the work, the Bidder shall maintain a complete record of
pile construction and the Bidder shall submit to PT. PLN, in an approved
format, a record to reach pile. Each pile record shall be submitted immediately
after completion of each pile and shall include:
a). Work specified under this section includes furnishing all labor, materials and
equipment for compression, tension and lateral load testing of the piles and
the preparation in submission of the pile test reports.
b). The test piles shall be conducted to the depth approved by the Owner.
c). Keep a record of the test piles in accordance with requirements set forth in
Clause (4) A.10.
d). The pile load testing shall be carried out to the satisfaction or the Owner.
Buku B TST.10-23
BAB IV. SYARAT – SYARAT TEKNIK DAN GAMBAR
BAB IV.3: TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION
e). Upon completion of the preliminary pile load testing, Bidder shall cut-off the
preliminary test piles, as directed by the Owner and dispose of the cut off
position.
The uplift and/or compressive load test is the same as the uplift and/or
compressive load-test for driven piles as mentioned before.
The method of test is the same as the method test for driven piles as mention
before.
The lateral load tests is the same as in the driven pile as mentioned before.
The test equipment and materials is the same as in the driven pile as mentioned
before.
The number of test is the same as in the driven pile as mentioned before.
QA/QC shall conform to the requirements of section “Quality Assurance & Quality
Control”.
The QA/QC procedures shall include the requirements defined in this specification,
in particular in subsection 5.6, and aspect such as:
Buku B TST.10-24