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a. Examine all Drawings for requirements therein affecting

the work of this trade.



a. In accordance with the Contract Documents, provide all
equipment, material, labor, and supervision to install a
Diaphragm Slurry Wall foundation system.
b. Construction of solid reinforced concrete slurry wall
including, but not limited to, the following items:
1. Pre-excavation of existing obstructions along line
of slurry wall and backfilling with appropriate
materials. Excavation of starter trenches and
installation of guide walls.
2. Excavation of slurry filled slots.
3. Circulation and maintenance of bentonite slurry.
4. Placing all keyways and dowels as required for
framing and additional sleeves and anchorage
assemblies as required for tiebacks or temporary
bracing.
5. Placing concrete and reinforcing in the slurry
filled slots as shown on the Drawings.
6. Cleaning of interior face of wall by raking,
brushing, and water jetting, as excavation
proceeds.
7. Cleaning and patching of all areas of voids,
honeycombs, aggregate runs, and pockets.
8. Clean up and removal of excavated soil,
including removal of bentonite slurry from site.
9. Grouting and sealing, as required, to render the
wall watertight at construction joints and other
potential locations of leakage.
10. Cutting of all concrete bulges on the inside face
beyond the specified tolerances.
c. The slurry wall shall be founded on undisturbed soil
strata capable of developing the bearing capacity
indicated on the Drawings. The depth of the slurry wall
has been estimated from the soil borings and some
variation in the depth is to be anticipated.
d. During construction, the slurry wall is intended as a
bulkhead to prevent the ground, streets, utilities and
other structures from damage due to loss of ground and
subsequent movements. The wall's reinforcement and
strength shown on the Drawings, are provided for the
conditions imposed after completion of the slurry wall and
all connecting structural framing and slabs of the
completed building. Temporary loading conditions shall
be verified and compensated for with increased wall
reinforcing and/or wall thickness by the Contractor.
e. In the completed building, the slurry wall is intended as a
basement wall spanning between floors to retain the
surrounding earth, as well as to transmit the loads to a
suitable bearing strata. The inside face of the slurry wall
shall be straight and free from flaws and shall be
watertight. The term ³watertight´ means that no running
water from the wall or formation of droplets on the wall
surface shall be permitted and that only formation of
moist patches -- allowing water to evaporate from the
 surface will be permitted.

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a. Work in other Section related to Slurry Wall Construction:

1. Section ______ Temporary Tieback Construction
2. Section ______ Tieback Testing and Stressing
3. Section ______ Excavation
4. Section ______ Cast-In-Place Concrete
5. Section ______ Structural Steel
b. Coordinate access to and egress from site with
Contractor.



 

a. Contractor: Experienced specialty firm having a minimum

of 5 years successful experience installing Work of the
same type required for this project. Employ only skilled
tradesmen who are thoroughly experienced with the
materials and equipment to be used.
b. Contractor¶s Soil Consultant: The Contractor shall retain,
at his own expense, the services of a qualified Soils
Consultant to advise him on all slurry wall construction
techniques involved in this Work, including the design,
checking and approvingl of slurry wall items pertinent to
the Work, and construction methods for solution of
problems that may be encountered during the
prosecution of the Work. The Consultant shall be
primarily concerned with construction methods that will
result in a finished slurry wall of the required quality and
strength, and with methods that will prevent water
leakage, settlement and/or damage to surrounding
structures, roads, utilities, embankments, both within the
property lines and on adjoining properties.
c. Owner¶s Soils Consultant: The Owner shall retain, at his
own expense, a Consultant to conduct tests and
inspections of soil conditions related to the slurry wall.
The Owner¶s Soil Consultant shall be responsible
for conducting and interpreting tests. The inspections
shall take the form of a full-time, continuous inspection of
all excavation and panel installation operations. In
addition, the Consultant shall review the construction
methods, equipment, and other pertinent construction
details as furnished by the Contractor.




a. Contractor''s Responsibility to Facility Quality Control

Testing and Inspection.
1. Furnish Owner's Soils Consultant with a
complete set of shop drawings for slurry wall
 panels and a complete set of
procedures/sequences for slurry wall installation.
2. Furnish specific notification, with at least one
day's advance notice, for all slurry wall
fabrication and installation operations.
3. Furnish material samples and access as required
for testing.
4. Furnish access and proper facilities, including
scaffolding, temporary work platforms, hoisting
facilities, as required for inspection of all slurry
wall operations.
5. Furnish labor as required to facilitate testing and
inspection of the Work.
6. Provide storage facilities for concrete test
cylinders.
7. The Contractor will be responsible for all
additional slurry wall inspection and testing as a
consequence of the Work a) not evidencing
compliance with this specification, b) performed
with improper supervision, c) performed without
prior notice, or d) performed contrary to standard
construction practice.
b. Owner's Concrete Testing Agency: The Owner will retain,
at his own expense, a testing agency to perform concrete
quality control inspection and testing for the slurry wall as
required.
c. Regulatory Requirements: Comply with applicable
requirements of the laws, codes, ordinances and
regulations of Federal, State and Municipal authorities
having jurisdiction. Obtain necessary approvals form all
such authorities.
d. Surveying:
1. Contractor shall engage a registered surveyor to
perform surveys, layouts, and measurements for
Work. Conduct layout work to lines and levels
required and record actual measurements of
horizontal location, bottom and top elevations,
deviations from required tolerances and other
data required for Work.
2. Contractor shall record and maintain information
pertinent to work and cooperate with Owner¶s
Soil Consultant to provide data for required slurry
wall reports.
3. Contractor shall install survey point at 50 ft.
maximum spacing along top of wall. Install at
least 1 inclinometer along north, east and west
sides of excavation. Coordinate this work with
Owner¶s Soils Consultant to meet regulatory
requirements.
4. Contractor shall monitor survey points and
inclinometers weekly during excavation and
submit results to Owner, Architect, Structural
Engineer, Owner¶s Soils Consultant, and others
 designated by Owner.



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American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM):

1. ASTM A615, ³Specification for Deformed and

Plain Billet-Steel Bars for Concrete
Reinforcement´.
2. ASTM C33, ³Specification for Concrete
Aggregate´.
3. ASTM C150, ³Specification for Portland
Cement´.
4. ASTM D2166, ³Test Methods for Unconfined
Compressive Strength of Cohesive Soil´.
5. ASTM D2216, ³Method for laboratory
Determination of Water (Moisture) Content of
Soil, Rock and Soil-Aggregate Mixtures.´


 

a. Prepare submittals as specified in this Section for review

and approval by Owner, Architect, Structural Engineer
and Owner¶s Soils Consultant.
b. Satisfactory proof of installer qualifications.
c. Concrete mix design: In accordance with Concrete
Section ________.
d. Shop Drawings: Submit shop drawings for the following:
1. Reinforcing steel.
2. Beam and slab anchorage plates, details of
keyways, and pockets.
e. Bentonite slurry mix proportions.
f. Engineering calculations for slurry wall and tiebacks for
conditions during construction; prepared and sealed by a
qualified structural engineer registered in the State of
______________. Calculations must consider
intermediate excavation levels related to tieback
construction.
g. Description of installation procedures, sequences, panel
layouts and provisions for temporary conditions.


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a. Test Boring Report: Examine the site, the drawings, the

record of test borings, and the subsurface exploration
reports prepared by
________________________________, which will be
made available by the Owner to determine all conditions
under which the slurry wall will be installed. The results of
test borings are for information only and are not
 guaranteed to represent all conditions that will be
encountered.
b. Site Survey: The survey of the site, existing utilities, and
existing construction prepared by
____________________________________, drawings
of any existing structure that are available through the
Owner, which represent all conditions known to the
Owner. Contractor shall formulate his own conclusions
as to the extent of such construction and shall remove all
material of any nature to the design subgrades indicated
or hereinafter specified.

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a. Concrete:
1. Proportion, mix and placed concrete materials in
accordance with Concrete Section ______,
except as modified in this Section.
2. Cement: ASTM C150, Type II or I.
3. Aggregate: Hard rock, ASTM C33.
4. Weight: 150 pounds per cubic foot.
5. Strength at 28 days: See Drawings.
b. Mild Steel Reinforcement:
1. ASTM A615.
2. Grade: See Drawings.
3. Fabricate and place in accordance with Section
______, except as modified in this Section.
c. Stone Concrete for Placement by ³Tremie Method´ in
Slurry: ASTM C94, having coarse aggregates with a
maximum size of ½-inch conforming to ASTM C33 Size
7, with a minimum of 7 ½ bags of cement per cubic yard.
Slump between 7-inches and 9-inches. Minimum design
strength of 4,000 psi at 28 days.

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a. Examine areas and conditions under which Work is to

occur. Notify Owner immediately, in writing, of all
condition detrimental to proper and timely completion of
 Work.
b. Proceed with Work only after unsatisfactory conditions
have been acceptably remedied.



 

a. Contractor shall establish:

1. Building layout lines.
2. Temporary bench marks.
3. Line and level of slurry wall panels.
b. Contractor shall be entirely responsible for, and shall
bear the entire cost of correcting all mislocated slurry wall
panels or incorrect cutoff levels at top of slurry walls.
c. Locate Utilities:
1. Cooperate with others to locate utility lines,
which might be cut or disturbed during slurry wall
construction.
2. Excavate pits near ends of lines to determine
exact utility locations.
3. Review proposed Work with all utilities and
arrange for removal, relocation, or disconnecting
and capping of all lines.
4. Contractor has entire responsibility for cost
incurred because of damage to utilities by its
operations.
d. Bracing and Shoring: Take every precaution and guard
against movement or settlement of the Work, adjacent
property, utilities or improvements. Design and provide
bracing tiebacks or shoring necessary to guard against
movement or settlement. The Contractor shall be entirely
responsible for the strength and adequacy of all tiebacks,
bracing and shoring and for the safety and support of
such construction.
e. Before commencement of operations, and after final
Shop Drawings have been reviewed by the Architect,
Structural Engineer and Owner¶s Soils Consultant,
arrange for representatives responsible for field
procedures to meet with Architect, Structural Engineer,
Contractor and Owner¶s Soils Consultant and Concrete
Testing Agency to finalize all procedures relating to slurry
wall construction.

 


 

a. Panel excavation equipment shall be capable of

excavating slots to the required widths and depths.
Equipment shall provide for continuous excavation
through all materials encountered.
b. Provide a stable suspension of powdered bentonite in
water that is adequate to support the trench sides during
excavation. The slurry shall not produce adverse effects
 on the tremie concrete in setting time, density or
strength. Density of the slurry shall prevent the formation
of excessive caking.
c. The excavation shall be filled with a stable suspension of
bentonite slurry at all times and excavating operations
shall proceed through the slurry. Slurry shall be added,
as required, to maintain its top level as excavation
operations proceed. The slurry shall be continuously
circulated and cleaned to remove excavated material.
The slurry shall be contained at all times to prevent
leakage and seepage into vaults, basements, utilities and
pits. Desanding equipment shall be required in the slurry
cleaning operations.
d. The panel width of the wall shall result in a stable
excavation condition and be such as to produce a
monolithic wall with continuous concrete pouring.
e. The vertical joints formed in the wall panels shall be
interlocking and watertight. The joints shall be completely
cleaned to establish good contact bond between
adjacent surfaces.

 


a. Concrete Surfaces: The plumb, alignment, and building

of the inside face of the wall shall be limited to a lateral
dimension of 2 ½-inches from the theoretical face at any
point. All excess material shall be chipped at the
Contractor¶s expense. The total out-of-plumb from the top
of the wall to the bottom shall not exceed 1% of the
height at any point in the wall.
b. Reinforcing Steel: Accurately locate and secure in place
before, and during, placement of concrete. Add steel and
spacers necessary to maintain the shape and location of
reinforcing cages. Concrete skid spacers shall be
provided on either side of the cage in order to hold the
reinforcing away from the sides of the trench. The
tolerance in placing the reinforcing steel shall be limited
to +/- 1-inch in a direction normal to the wall.
c. Steel Plates, Keyways and Dowels: Provide for framing
members a shown on the Drawings. The location and
tolerances for plates, keyways and dowels shall not
exceed +/- 1 inch in both vertical and horizontal
directions.


 

a. Cleaning: Before placing concrete in the slurry filled

trench, the joints of the next panels shall be thoroughly
cleaned to obtain watertight bond. All loose debris shall
be removed by a large capacity airlift system. Concreting
shall not start until the Owner¶s Soil Consultant has
 verified the required bearing capacity, cleanliness, and
levelness of the bottom.
b. Placement: Place concrete in the slurry-filled trench by
the tremie method, in such a manner that the concrete
displaces the slurry from bottom and rises in such a
manner that mixing of concrete with the slurry does not
occur. The concrete shall be placed through a top metal
hopper and into a rigid leak proof tremie pipe, sufficiently
large enough to permit free flow of concrete. Initially,
there shall be a suitable plug at the bottom of the tremie
pipe, which will not discharge concrete until the concrete
head has at least reached the top level of the slurry.
Alternatively, a ³pig´ or ³rabbit´ can be placed in the
tremie pipe, on top of the slurry, after the pipe has been
set on the trench bottom. The ³pig´ separates the
concrete from the slurry. The pipe should be filled with
enough concrete before lifting off the bottom to release
the ³pig´. Thereafter, a positive concrete head will be
maintained throughout. The bottom of the tremie pipe
shall remain in the concrete at least 5 feet and this depth
shall be maintained throughout.
The number of tremie pipes in each trench shall be
determined from the requirement that the concrete level
shall be kept horizontal during the pouring operations. No
horizontal movement of the tremie shall be permitted.
When the concrete approaches the top of the slurry wall,
dowels shall be set for the required construction above
the wall. The concreting of the panels shall proceed
continuously to the top of the guide walls to produce a
monolithic wall. Cold joints, should they occur, will have
to be rendered watertight by grouting or some other
means.
c. Joint Pipe Removal: The withdrawal of panel joint pipes
used at the ends of the trench, shall be accomplished
before the initial setting of concrete and before any
damage to the concrete is likely to occur. The concrete
mix at the time of design shall be checked for setting
time, and retarders added if required to delay the setting
time. Unless retarders are added, the panel joint pipes
shall be withdrawn no later than 45 minutes from the time
of placing of concrete. Controlled, hydraulic jacking of
end pipes may be required.



 
 

a. During earthwork excavation and after the placement of

the slurry wall, clean the interior wall face using rakes,
brushes, or air and water jetting to remove all bentonite
caking and film materials. During this operation, chip out
all interior face wall bulges to within the stated
tolerances. Structurally patch all voids, honeycombed
areas, and areas of exposed reinforcing bars, to provide
the required coverage for reinforcing, and full wall
 thickness as indicated. Clean all keyways and
embedment items, and bring wall dowels to their final
conditions. Provide internal and external methods of
sealing of the wall to the watertight condition, as
previously indicated for all areas indicated wall leakage
including but not limited to: panel joints, wall
penetrations, locations of temporary tieback system.

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a. Representative of slurry wall foundation system installer,

qualified to control field practices, shall be available at all
times for detailed control of procedures and quality.
b. Field Quality Control Testing by Owner¶s Soils Consultant
and Concrete Testing Agency:
1. Concrete: Sample and test concrete during
placement in accordance with
Section_________.
2. Panel Installation: Provide full time visual
inspection of all panel excavation operations
including verification of slurry densities, slurry
cleaning operations, final panel bottom elevation,
final panel cleaning at bottom and at joints, final
panel top elevation, variations in wall location,
and variation from plumb.
3. Soil Bearing Capacity: At the completion of the
panel excavation, test and verify the required soil
bearing capacity at the panel bottom. Owner¶s
Soils Consultant will interpret the tests and
determine if additional excavation depth is
required to achieve the required soils bearing
capacity.

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a. Clean and remove water, excavated soil, and bentonite

slurry from site. Dispose of these materials in a manner
to avoid endangering public health, property and portions
of work under construction or completed. Comply with
applicable requirements of the laws, codes, ordinances
and regulations of Federal, State and Municipal
authorities having jurisdiction. Obtain necessary permits
and approvals from all such authorities.

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