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ENGINEERING IDEAS
GRAPHICAL METHOD
Budi Halomoan Siregar, S.Pd.,M.Sc
By :
Putri Indah Lestari (4163312022)
Bilingual Mathematics Education 2016
MATHEMATICS DEPARTEMENT
FACULTY OF MATHEMATICS AND NATURAL
SCIENCES
STATE UNIVERSITY OF MEDAN
2018
PREFACE
Alhamdulilah, praise and gratitude I pray the presence of Allah SWT, because thanks
to His grace and grace, I can complete engineering ideas task course LINEAR
PROGRAMMING by lecturer sir Budi Halomoan Siregar, S.Pd.,M.Sc, I hope with the
existence of this engineering ideas can be useful to add insight and our knowledge of Graphical
Method
But I realize that this task is far from perfection. Therefore, I strongly expect
constructive advice and criticism from readers for the perfection of this task. Before I also
apologize if there are mistakes - words that are less amused readers heart. Finally I say thank
you, hopefully can be useful and can increase knowledge for readers.
Author
i
TABLE OF CONTENT
PREFACE............................................................................................................................................... i
TABLE OF CONTENT ........................................................................................................................ ii
CHAPTER I .......................................................................................................................................... 1
INTRODUCTION................................................................................................................................. 1
1.1 BACKGROUND ................................................................................................................... 1
1.2 PURPOSE .............................................................................................................................. 1
CHAPTER II ......................................................................................................................................... 2
DISCUSSION ........................................................................................................................................ 2
2.1 GENERAL PROBLEM IN LINEAR PROGRAMMING ................................................ 2
2.2 SOME EXCEPTIONAL CASES IN GRAPHICAL METHOD ....................................... 6
2.2.1. Alternative Optimal Solution ....................................................................................... 6
2.2.2. Infeasible(or non-existing) solution ........................................................................... 10
2.2.3. Unbounded solution .................................................................................................... 13
ii
CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND
Linear programming in general is one technique for completing special
operations research to solve optimization problems (maximizing or minimizing) but
only limited to problems that can be converted into linear functions. In particular, linear
program problems are a matter of determining the amount of each variable value so that
the value of a linear objective or objective function becomes optimum (maximizing or
minimizing) by observing the existing constraints, namely constraints that must be
expressed in the form of linear inequalities. In this paper will discuss the graphical
methods contained in linear programs. Graph method is one method that can be used to
solve linear programming problems. Graph method is also used to solve optimization
problems in linear programs. This method uses a graphical approach in decision making,
where all constraint functions are made in one part of the image and then the optimum
decision is taken.
1.2 PURPOSE
To train students' skills in making problems
1
CHAPTER II
DISCUSSION
2.1 GENERAL PROBLEM IN LINEAR PROGRAMMING
Example from book
2
Problem :
sebuah ternak sapi yang mengelolah susu memproduksi keju untuk menambahkan
keungtungannya. untuk membuat keju tersebut dibutuhkan susu dan tenaga kerja yang
bekerja setiap harinya untuk memerah susu dah membuat keju. Maksimum susu yang di
perah setiap harinya sebanyak 60 liter. dan minumum keju yang dihasilkan sebanyak 10
kg, dengan tenaga kerja maksimal 80 jam per harinya,
dengan data dibawah ini
dengan keuntungan susu dan keju berturut-turut adalah $12 dan $16
Solution :
Menentukan variabel
susu = x, keju = y
Fungsi tujuan
3
x + 3y ≤ 60 (susu)
2x + 3y ≤ 90 (Tenaga Kerja)
y ≥ 10
Syarat Non-Negativ
4
Solution Using LiPS
5
2.2 SOME EXCEPTIONAL CASES IN GRAPHICAL METHOD
a. Alternative optimal solution.
b. Infeasible (or non-existing) solution.
c. Unbounded solution.
6
tentukan maksimum banyaknya bola yang akan masuk pada keranjang
Solution :
Menentukan variabel :
keranjang hijau = x, keranjang kuning = y
Fungsi Tujuan :
Max Z = x + y
Fungsi Kendala :
x + y ≥ 6 (banyaknya warna tiap keranjang)
3x +9y ≥ 27 (banyaknya bola di keranjang pada awal permainan)
10x + 10y ≤ 150 (total bola)
x,y ≥ 0
7
Solution Using LiPS
8
Solution Using Tora
9
2.2.2. Infeasible(or non-existing) solution
x,y ≥ 0
Solution Using Autograph
10
Solution Using Autograph
11
Solution Using LiPS
12
2.2.3. Unbounded solution
Problem :
lihatlah masalah program linear berikut ini lalu temukan solusinya dengan menggnakan
graphical Method
fungsi kendala:
Max Z = 2x + 2y
memiliki kendala:
8x ≤ 64
x≥6
10y ≥ 10
x,y ≥ 0
13
Solution UsingAutograph
14