The first quiz of Fluid Mechanics in Spring Semester, 2015.

Name:___________________ Student I.D.:________________ March-2015

Part I: Select the correct answer for each question (6 points/each question)
B 1. That the flow of air over the wings of an aircraft is known as: (a) internal flow (b)
external flow (c) laminar flow (d) turbulent flow.
A 2. Which of the following statement is correct? (a) A quantity of matter or a region
in space chosen for study is defined as system. (b) The mass or region outside the
system is called the boundary. (c) The real or imaginary surface that separates
the system from its boundary is called the surrounding. (d) Both mass and energy
can not cross the boundary of a control volume.
D 3. Which one of the dimension is the primary (fundamental) dimension? (a)
velocity. (b) force. (c) energy. (d) length.
C 4. Which of the dimension is the secondary (derived) dimension? (a) mass. (b) time,
(c) acceleration. (d) temperature.
A 5. The densities of liquids are essentially constant, and thus the flow of liquids is
typically (a) incompressible. (b) internal, (c) laminar (d) natural.

Part II: Filling the correct answer in the blank of each question. (6 points/each blank)
1. An airplane flies horizontally at 70 m/s. Its propeller delivers 1500 N of thrust
(forward force) to overcome aerodynamic drag (backward force). Using
dimensional reasoning and unity conversion ratios, calculate the useful power
delivered by the propeller in units of kW ________ and horsepower __________.
Solution:
 
 1kW 
 1500N   70 m s    
 1000N  m 
 
 s 
 1.341hp 
 105kW   
 1kW 
 141hp
2. The acceleration of high-speed aircraft is sometimes expressed in g’s (in multiples
of the standard acceleration of gravity). Determine the net force ________ in N
that a 90-kg man would experience in an aircraft whose acceleration is 6 g’s.
Solution:
F  m  a  m6 g 
 1N 
 90kg   6  9.81m s 2   
 1kg  m2 
 s 
 5297N  5300N

3. A man goes to a traditional market to buy a steak for dinner. He finds a 12-oz
steak (1 lbm = 16 oz ) for ＄3.15. He then goes to the adjacent international
market and finds a 320-g steak of identical quality for ＄3.30. Which steak is the
better buy? _____________
 Solution:
(a)12-oz steak
 $3.15  16oz  1lbm 
unit cos t     
 12oz  1lbm  0.45359kg 
 $9.26 kg

(b)320gram steak
 $3.30  1000g 
unit cos t    
 320g  1kg 
 $10.3 kg

4. A pool of volume ▽ (in m3) is to be filled with water using a hose of diameter D
(in m). If the average discharge velocity is v (in m/s) and the filling time is t (in s),
obtain a relation _______________________ for the volume of the pool based on
unit considerations of quantities involved.
Solution:
  CD 2Vt

Part III Evaluate the following questions. (10 points/each question)

1. The value of the gravitational acceleration g decreases with elevation from 9.807
m/s2 at sea level to 9.767 m/s2 at an altitude of 13,000 m, where large passenger
planes cruise. Determine the percent reduction in the weight of an airplane
cruising at 13,000 m relative to its weight at sea level.
Solution：
 9.807 m s 2  9.767 m s 2 
 2
  100%  0.41%
 9.807 m s 

2. Based on unit considerations alone, show that the power needed to accelerate a car
of mass m (in kg) from rest to velocity V (in m/s) in time interval t (in s) is
proportional to mass and the square of the velocity of the car and inversely
proportional to the time interval.
Solution：
W  J s  kgm2 s 3
W  cmv 2t 1

3. At 45° latitude, the gravitational acceleration as a function of elevation z

above sea level is given by g = a－bz , where a =9.807 m/s2 and b
=3.32×10-6 s-2 . Determine the height above sea level where the weight of an
object will decrease by 1 percent.
Solution：
 9.807 m s 2  X m s 2
 1%
9.807 m s 2
X  9.70893m s 2  9.807 m s 2  Z  3.32  10 6 s 2
Z  29539.2m

4. A forklift raises a 90.5 kg crate 1.80 m. (a) Showing all yours work and using
unity conversion ratios, calculate the work done by the forklift on the crane, in
units of kJ. (b) If it takes12.3 seconds to lift the crate, calculate the useful power
supplied to the crate in kilowatts.
Solution：
(a)
W  F s  mas
 90.5kg  9.81m s 2  1.8m
 1600J
 1.6kJ

(b)
1.6kJ
 0.13kW
12.3s