Professional Documents
Culture Documents
192
192.141 Scope.
13, 1998; 70 FR 11139, Mar. 8, 2005; 73 FR 16570, 192.143 General requirements.
Mar. 28, 2008; 74 FR 2894, Jan. 16, 2009] 192.144 Qualifying metallic components.
192.145 Valves.
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Pt. 192 49 CFR Ch. I (10–1–10 Edition)
192.147 Flanges and flange accessories. 192.281 Plastic pipe.
192.149 Standard fittings. 192.283 Plastic pipe: Qualifying joining pro-
192.150 Passage of internal inspection de- cedures.
vices. 192.285 Plastic pipe: Qualifying persons to
192.151 Tapping. make joints.
192.153 Components fabricated by welding. 192.287 Plastic pipe: Inspection of joints.
192.155 Welded branch connections.
192.157 Extruded outlets. Subpart G—General Construction Require-
192.159 Flexibility. ments for Transmission Lines and Mains
192.161 Supports and anchors.
192.163 Compressor stations: Design and 192.301 Scope.
construction. 192.303 Compliance with specifications or
192.165 Compressor stations: Liquid re- standards.
moval. 192.305 Inspection: General.
192.167 Compressor stations: Emergency 192.307 Inspection of materials.
shutdown. 192.309 Repair of steel pipe.
192.169 Compressor stations: Pressure lim- 192.311 Repair of plastic pipe.
iting devices. 192.313 Bends and elbows.
192.171 Compressor stations: Additional 192.315 Wrinkle bends in steel pipe.
safety equipment. 192.317 Protection from hazards.
192.173 Compressor stations: Ventilation. 192.319 Installation of pipe in a ditch.
192.175 Pipe-type and bottle-type holders. 192.321 Installation of plastic pipe.
192.177 Additional provisions for bottle-type
192.323 Casing.
holders.
192.325 Underground clearance.
192.179 Transmission line valves.
192.327 Cover.
192.181 Distribution line valves.
192.183 Vaults: Structural design require- 192.328 Additional construction require-
ments. ments for steel pipe using alternative
192.185 Vaults: Accessibility. maximum allowable operating pressure.
192.187 Vaults: Sealing, venting, and ven-
tilation. Subpart H—Customer Meters, Service
192.189 Vaults: Drainage and waterproofing. Regulators, and Service Lines
192.191 Design pressure of plastic fittings.
192.351 Scope.
192.193 Valve installation in plastic pipe.
192.353 Customer meters and regulators: Lo-
192.195 Protection against accidental over-
cation.
pressuring.
192.355 Customer meters and regulators:
192.197 Control of the pressure of gas deliv-
Protection from damage.
ered from high-pressure distribution sys-
192.357 Customer meters and regulators: In-
tems.
stallation.
192.199 Requirements for design of pressure
192.359 Customer meter installations: Oper-
relief and limiting devices.
ating pressure.
192.201 Required capacity of pressure reliev-
192.361 Service lines: Installation.
ing and limiting stations.
192.203 Instrument, control, and sampling 192.363 Service lines: Valve requirements.
pipe and components. 192.365 Service lines: Location of valves.
192.367 Service lines: General requirements
Subpart E—Welding of Steel in Pipelines for connections to main piping.
192.369 Service lines: Connections to cast
192.221 Scope. iron or ductile iron mains.
192.225 Welding procedures. 192.371 Service lines: Steel.
192.227 Qualification of welders. 192.373 Service lines: Cast iron and ductile
192.229 Limitations on welders. iron.
192.231 Protection from weather. 192.375 Service lines: Plastic.
192.233 Miter joints. 192.377 Service lines: Copper.
192.235 Preparation for welding. 192.379 New service lines not in use.
192.241 Inspection and test of welds. 192.381 Service lines: Excess flow valve per-
192.243 Nondestructive testing. formance standards.
192.245 Repair or removal of defects. 192.383 Excess flow valve installation.
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Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration, DOT Pt. 192
192.455 External corrosion control: Buried 192.555 Uprating to a pressure that will
or submerged pipelines installed after produce a hoop stress of 30 percent or
July 31, 1971. more of SMYS in steel pipelines.
192.457 External corrosion control: Buried 192.557 Uprating: Steel pipelines to a pres-
or submerged pipelines installed before sure that will produce a hoop stress less
August 1, 1971. than 30 percent of SMYS; plastic, cast
192.459 External corrosion control: Exam- iron, and ductile iron pipelines.
ination of buried pipeline when exposed.
192.461 External corrosion control: Protec- Subpart L—Operations
tive coating.
192.601 Scope.
192.463 External corrosion control: Cathodic
192.603 General provisions.
protection.
192.605 Procedural manual for operations,
192.465 External corrosion control: Moni-
maintenance, and emergencies.
toring.
192.607 [Reserved]
192.467 External corrosion control: Elec-
192.609 Change in class location: Required
trical isolation.
study.
192.469 External corrosion control: Test sta- 192.611 Change in class location: Confirma-
tions. tion or revision of maximum allowable
192.471 External corrosion control: Test operating pressure.
leads. 192.612 Underwater inspection and reburial
192.473 External corrosion control: Inter- of pipelines in the Gulf of Mexico and its
ference currents. inlets.
192.475 Internal corrosion control: General. 192.613 Continuing surveillance.
192.476 Internal corrosion control: Design 192.614 Damage prevention program.
and construction of transmission line. 192.615 Emergency plans.
192.477 Internal corrosion control: Moni- 192.616 Public awareness.
toring. 192.617 Investigation of failures.
192.479 Atmospheric corrosion control: Gen- 192.619 What is the maximum allowable op-
eral. erating pressure for steel or plastic pipe-
192.481 Atmospheric corrosion control: Mon- lines?
itoring. 192.620 Alternative maximum allowable op-
192.483 Remedial measures: General. erating pressure for certain steel pipe-
192.485 Remedial measures: Transmission lines.
lines. 192.621 Maximum allowable operating pres-
192.487 Remedial measures: Distribution sure: High-pressure distribution systems.
lines other than cast iron or ductile iron 192.623 Maximum and minimum allowable
lines. operating pressure; Low-pressure dis-
192.489 Remedial measures: Cast iron and tribution systems.
ductile iron pipelines. 192.625 Odorization of gas.
192.490 Direct assessment. 192.627 Tapping pipelines under pressure.
192.491 Corrosion control records. 192.629 Purging of pipelines.
192.631 Control room management.
Subpart J—Test Requirements
Subpart M—Maintenance
192.501 Scope.
192.503 General requirements. 192.701 Scope.
192.505 Strength test requirements for steel 192.703 General.
pipeline to operate at a hoop stress of 30 192.705 Transmission lines: Patrolling.
percent or more of SMYS. 192.706 Transmission lines: Leakage sur-
192.507 Test requirements for pipelines to veys.
operate at a hoop stress less than 30 per- 192.707 Line markers for mains and trans-
cent of SMYS and at or above 100 p.s.i. mission lines.
(689 kPa) gage. 192.709 Transmission lines: Record keeping.
192.509 Test requirements for pipelines to 192.711 Transmission lines: General require-
operate below 100 p.s.i. (689 kPa) gage. ments for repair procedures.
192.511 Test requirements for service lines. 192.713 Transmission lines: Permanent field
192.513 Test requirements for plastic pipe- repair of imperfections and damages.
lines. 192.715 Transmission lines: Permanent field
192.515 Environmental protection and safety repair of welds.
requirements. 192.717 Transmission lines: Permanent field
192.517 Records. repair of leaks.
192.719 Transmission lines: Testing of re-
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Pt. 192 49 CFR Ch. I (10–1–10 Edition)
192.725 Test requirements for reinstating 192.925 What are the requirements for using
service lines. External Corrosion Direct Assessment
192.727 Abandonment or deactivation of fa- (ECDA)?
cilities. 192.927 What are the requirements for using
192.731 Compressor stations: Inspection and Internal Corrosion Direct Assessment
testing of relief devices. (ICDA)?
192.735 Compressor stations: Storage of 192.929 What are the requirements for using
combustible materials. Direct Assessment for Stress Corrosion
192.736 Compressor stations: Gas detection. Cracking (SCCDA)?
192.739 Pressure limiting and regulating 192.931 How may Confirmatory Direct As-
stations: Inspection and testing. sessment (CDA) be used?
192.933 What actions must be taken to ad-
192.741 Pressure limiting and regulating
dress integrity issues?
stations: Telemetering or recording
192.935 What additional preventive and
gauges.
mitigative measures must an operator
192.743 Pressure limiting and regulating take?
stations: Capacity of relief devices. 192.937 What is a continual process of eval-
192.745 Valve maintenance: Transmission uation and assessment to maintain a
lines. pipeline’s integrity?
192.747 Valve maintenance: Distribution 192.939 What are the required reassessment
systems. intervals?
192.749 Vault maintenance. 192.941 What is a low stress reassessment?
192.751 Prevention of accidental ignition. 192.943 When can an operator deviate from
192.753 Caulked bell and spigot joints. these reassessment intervals?
192.755 Protecting cast-iron pipelines. 192.945 What methods must an operator use
to measure program effectiveness?
Subpart N—Qualification of Pipeline 192.947 What records must an operator
Personnel keep?
192.949 How does an operator notify
192.801 Scope. PHMSA?
192.803 Definitions. 192.951 Where does an operator file a report?
192.805 Qualification Program.
192.807 Recordkeeping. Subpart P—Gas Distribution Pipeline
192.809 General. Integrity Management (IM)
192.1001 What definitions apply to this sub-
Subpart O—Gas Transmission Pipeline
part?
Integrity Management 192.1003 What do the regulations in this sub-
192.901 What do the regulations in this sub- part cover?
192.1005 What must a gas distribution oper-
part cover?
ator (other than a master meter or small
192.903 What definitions apply to this sub-
LPG operator) do to implement this sub-
part?
part?
192.905 How does an operator identify a high 192.1007 What are the required elements of
consequence area? an integrity management plan?
192.907 What must an operator do to imple- 192.1009 What must an operator report when
ment this subpart? compression couplings fail?
192.909 How can an operator change its in- 192.1011 What records must an operator
tegrity management program? keep?
192.911 What are the elements of an integ- 192.1013 When may an operator deviate from
rity management program? required periodic inspections of this
192.913 When may an operator deviate its part?
program from certain requirements of 192.1015 What must a master meter or small
this subpart? liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) operator
192.915 What knowledge and training must do to implement this subpart?
personnel have to carry out an integrity APPENDIX A TO PART 192 [RESERVED]
management program? APPENDIX B TO PART 192—QUALIFICATION OF
192.917 How does an operator identify poten- PIPE
tial threats to pipeline integrity and use APPENDIX C TO PART 192—QUALIFICATION OF
the threat identification in its integrity WELDERS FOR LOW STRESS LEVEL PIPE
program? APPENDIX D TO PART 192—CRITERIA FOR CA-
192.919 What must be in the baseline assess- THODIC PROTECTION AND DETERMINATION
ment plan? OF MEASUREMENTS
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Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration, DOT § 192.3
AUTHORITY: 49 U.S.C. 5103, 60102, 60104, (5) Any pipeline system that trans-
60108, 60109, 60110, 60113, 60116, 60118, and 60137; ports only petroleum gas or petroleum
and 49 CFR 1.53. gas/air mixtures to—
SOURCE: 35 FR 13257, Aug. 19, 1970, unless (i) Fewer than 10 customers, if no
otherwise noted. portion of the system is located in a
EDITORIAL NOTE: Nomenclature changes to public place; or
part 192 appear at 71 FR 33406, June 9, 2006. (ii) A single customer, if the system
is located entirely on the customer’s
Subpart A—General premises (no matter if a portion of the
system is located in a public place).
§ 192.1 What is the scope of this part?
[35 FR 13257, Aug. 19, 1970, as amended by
(a) This part prescribes minimum Amdt. 192–27, 41 FR 34605, Aug. 16, 1976;
safety requirements for pipeline facili- Amdt. 192–67, 56 FR 63771, Dec. 5, 1991; Amdt.
ties and the transportation of gas, in- 192–78, 61 FR 28782, June 6, 1996; Amdt. 192–81,
cluding pipeline facilities and the 62 FR 61695, Nov. 19, 1997; Amdt. 192–92, 68 FR
transportation of gas within the limits 46112, Aug. 5, 2003; 70 FR 11139, Mar. 8, 2005;
of the outer continental shelf as that Amdt. 192–102, 71 FR 13301, Mar. 15, 2006;
Amdt. 192–103, 72 FR 4656, Feb. 1, 2007]
term is defined in the Outer Conti-
nental Shelf Lands Act (43 U.S.C. 1331). § 192.3 Definitions.
(b) This part does not apply to—
(1) Offshore gathering of gas in State As used in this part:
waters upstream from the outlet flange Abandoned means permanently re-
of each facility where hydrocarbons are moved from service.
produced or where produced hydro- Active corrosion means continuing
carbons are first separated, dehy- corrosion that, unless controlled, could
drated, or otherwise processed, which- result in a condition that is detri-
ever facility is farther downstream; mental to public safety.
(2) Pipelines on the Outer Conti- Administrator means the Adminis-
nental Shelf (OCS) that are producer- trator, Pipeline and Hazardous Mate-
operated and cross into State waters rials Safety Administration or his or
without first connecting to a trans- her delegate.
porting operator’s facility on the OCS, Alarm means an audible or visible
upstream (generally seaward) of the means of indicating to the controller
last valve on the last production facil- that equipment or processes are out-
ity on the OCS. Safety equipment pro- side operator-defined, safety-related
tecting PHMSA-regulated pipeline seg- parameters.
ments is not excluded. Producing oper- Control room means an operations
ators for those pipeline segments up- center staffed by personnel charged
stream of the last valve of the last pro- with the responsibility for remotely
duction facility on the OCS may peti- monitoring and controlling a pipeline
tion the Administrator, or designee, for facility.
approval to operate under PHMSA reg- Controller means a qualified indi-
ulations governing pipeline design, vidual who remotely monitors and con-
construction, operation, and mainte- trols the safety-related operations of a
nance under 49 CFR 190.9; pipeline facility via a SCADA system
(3) Pipelines on the Outer Conti- from a control room, and who has oper-
nental Shelf upstream of the point at ational authority and accountability
which operating responsibility trans- for the remote operational functions of
fers from a producing operator to a the pipeline facility.
transporting operator; Customer meter means the meter that
(4) Onshore gathering of gas— measures the transfer of gas from an
(i) Through a pipeline that operates operator to a consumer.
at less than 0 psig (0 kPa); Distribution line means a pipeline
(ii) Through a pipeline that is not a other than a gathering or transmission
regulated onshore gathering line (as line.
determined in § 192.8); and Electrical survey means a series of
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(iii) Within inlets of the Gulf of Mex- closely spaced pipe-to-soil readings
ico, except for the requirements in over pipelines which are subsequently
§ 192.612; or analyzed to identify locations where a
37
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§ 192.3 49 CFR Ch. I (10–1–10 Edition)
corrosive current is leaving the pipe- curs during normal operations over a
line. period of 1 year.
Exposed underwater pipeline means an Maximum allowable operating pressure
underwater pipeline where the top of (MAOP) means the maximum pressure
the pipe protrudes above the under- at which a pipeline or segment of a
water natural bottom (as determined pipeline may be operated under this
by recognized and generally accepted part.
practices) in waters less than 15 feet Municipality means a city, county, or
(4.6 meters) deep, as measured from any other political subdivision of a
mean low water. State.
Gas means natural gas, flammable Offshore means beyond the line of or-
gas, or gas which is toxic or corrosive. dinary low water along that portion of
Gathering line means a pipeline that the coast of the United States that is
transports gas from a current produc- in direct contact with the open seas
tion facility to a transmission line or and beyond the line marking the sea-
main. ward limit of inland waters.
Gulf of Mexico and its inlets means the
Operator means a person who engages
waters from the mean high water mark
in the transportation of gas.
of the coast of the Gulf of Mexico and
Outer Continental Shelf means all sub-
its inlets open to the sea (excluding
merged lands lying seaward and out-
rivers, tidal marshes, lakes, and ca-
side the area of lands beneath navi-
nals) seaward to include the territorial
gable waters as defined in Section 2 of
sea and Outer Continental Shelf to a
the Submerged Lands Act (43 U.S.C.
depth of 15 feet (4.6 meters), as meas-
1301) and of which the subsoil and sea-
ured from the mean low water.
bed appertain to the United States and
Hazard to navigation means, for the
are subject to its jurisdiction and con-
purposes of this part, a pipeline where
trol.
the top of the pipe is less than 12
inches (305 millimeters) below the un- Person means any individual, firm,
derwater natural bottom (as deter- joint venture, partnership, corporation,
mined by recognized and generally ac- association, State, municipality, coop-
cepted practices) in waters less than 15 erative association, or joint stock asso-
feet (4.6 meters) deep, as measured ciation, and including any trustee, re-
from the mean low water. ceiver, assignee, or personal represent-
High-pressure distribution system ative thereof.
means a distribution system in which Petroleum gas means propane, pro-
the gas pressure in the main is higher pylene, butane, (normal butane or
than the pressure provided to the cus- isobutanes), and butylene (including
tomer. isomers), or mixtures composed pre-
Line section means a continuous run dominantly of these gases, having a
of transmission line between adjacent vapor pressure not exceeding 208 psi
compressor stations, between a com- (1434 kPa) gage at 100 °F (38 °C).
pressor station and storage facilities, Pipe means any pipe or tubing used in
between a compressor station and a the transportation of gas, including
block valve, or between adjacent block pipe-type holders.
valves. Pipeline means all parts of those
Listed specification means a specifica- physical facilities through which gas
tion listed in section I of appendix B of moves in transportation, including
this part. pipe, valves, and other appurtenance
Low-pressure distribution system means attached to pipe, compressor units, me-
a distribution system in which the gas tering stations, regulator stations, de-
pressure in the main is substantially livery stations, holders, and fabricated
the same as the pressure provided to assemblies.
the customer. Pipeline environment includes soil re-
Main means a distribution line that sistivity (high or low), soil moisture
serves as a common source of supply (wet or dry), soil contaminants that
wwoods2 on DSK1DXX6B1PROD with CFR
for more than one service line. may promote corrosive activity, and
Maximum actual operating pressure other known conditions that could af-
means the maximum pressure that oc- fect the probability of active corrosion.
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Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration, DOT § 192.5
Pipeline facility means new and exist- NOTE: A large volume customer may re-
ing pipelines, rights-of-way, and any ceive similar volumes of gas as a distribu-
equipment, facility, or building used in tion center, and includes factories, power
plants, and institutional users of gas.
the transportation of gas or in the
Transportation of gas means the gath-
treatment of gas during the course of
ering, transmission, or distribution of
transportation.
gas by pipeline or the storage of gas, in
Service line means a distribution line or affecting interstate or foreign com-
that transports gas from a common merce.
source of supply to an individual cus-
tomer, to two adjacent or adjoining [Amdt. 192–13, 38 FR 9084, Apr. 10, 1973, as
residential or small commercial cus- amended by Amdt. 192–27, 41 FR 34605, Aug.
tomers, or to multiple residential or 16, 1976; Amdt. 192–58, 53 FR 1635, Jan. 21,
1988; Amdt. 192–67, 56 FR 63771, Dec. 5, 1991;
small commercial customers served Amdt. 192–72, 59 FR 17281, Apr. 12, 1994; Amdt.
through a meter header or manifold. A 192–78, 61 FR 28783, June 6, 1996; Amdt. 192–81,
service line ends at the outlet of the 62 FR 61695, Nov. 19, 1997; Amdt. 192–85, 63 FR
customer meter or at the connection to 37501, July 13, 1998; Amdt. 192–89, 65 FR 54443,
a customer’s piping, whichever is fur- Sept. 8, 2000; 68 FR 11749, Mar. 12, 2003; Amdt.
ther downstream, or at the connection 192–93, 68 FR 53900, Sept. 15, 2003; Amdt. 192–
to customer piping if there is no meter. 98, 69 FR 48406, Aug. 10, 2004; Amdt. 192–94, 69
FR 54592, Sept. 9, 2004; 70 FR 3148, Jan. 21,
Service regulator means the device on 2005; 70 FR 11139, Mar. 8, 2005; Amdt. 192–112,
a service line that controls the pres- 74 FR 63326, Dec. 3, 2009; Amdt. 192–114, 75 FR
sure of gas delivered from a higher 48601, Aug. 11, 2010]
pressure to the pressure provided to
the customer. A service regulator may § 192.5 Class locations.
serve one customer or multiple cus- (a) This section classifies pipeline lo-
tomers through a meter header or cations for purposes of this part. The
manifold. following criteria apply to classifica-
SMYS means specified minimum tions under this section.
yield strength is: (1) A ‘‘class location unit’’ is an on-
(1) For steel pipe manufactured in ac- shore area that extends 220 yards (200
cordance with a listed specification, meters) on either side of the centerline
the yield strength specified as a min- of any continuous 1- mile (1.6 kilo-
imum in that specification; or meters) length of pipeline.
(2) For steel pipe manufactured in ac- (2) Each separate dwelling unit in a
cordance with an unknown or unlisted multiple dwelling unit building is
specification, the yield strength deter- counted as a separate building intended
mined in accordance with § 192.107(b). for human occupancy.
State means each of the several (b) Except as provided in paragraph
States, the District of Columbia, and (c) of this section, pipeline locations
the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico. are classified as follows:
Supervisory Control and Data Acquisi- (1) A Class 1 location is:
tion (SCADA) system means a computer- (i) An offshore area; or
based system or systems used by a con- (ii) Any class location unit that has
troller in a control room that collects 10 or fewer buildings intended for
and displays information about a pipe- human occupancy.
line facility and may have the ability (2) A Class 2 location is any class lo-
to send commands back to the pipeline cation unit that has more than 10 but
facility. fewer than 46 buildings intended for
Transmission line means a pipeline, human occupancy.
other than a gathering line, that: (1) (3) A Class 3 location is:
Transports gas from a gathering line or (i) Any class location unit that has 46
storage facility to a distribution cen- or more buildings intended for human
ter, storage facility, or large volume occupancy; or
customer that is not down-stream from (ii) An area where the pipeline lies
a distribution center; (2) operates at a within 100 yards (91 meters) of either a
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§ 192.7 49 CFR Ch. I (10–1–10 Edition)
place of public assembly) that is occu- tions listed in paragraph (c) (1) of this
pied by 20 or more persons on at least section.
5 days a week for 10 weeks in any 12- (c) The full titles of documents incor-
month period. (The days and weeks porated by reference, in whole or in
need not be consecutive.) part, are provided herein. The numbers
(4) A Class 4 location is any class lo- in parentheses indicate applicable edi-
cation unit where buildings with four tions. For each incorporated document,
or more stories above ground are prev- citations of all affected sections are
alent. provided. Earlier editions of currently
(c) The length of Class locations 2, 3, listed documents or editions of docu-
and 4 may be adjusted as follows: ments listed in previous editions of 49
(1) A Class 4 location ends 220 yards CFR part 192 may be used for materials
(200 meters) from the nearest building and components designed, manufac-
with four or more stories above ground. tured, or installed in accordance with
(2) When a cluster of buildings in- these earlier documents at the time
tended for human occupancy requires a they were listed. The user must refer
Class 2 or 3 location, the class location to the appropriate previous edition of
ends 220 yards (200 meters) from the 49 CFR part 192 for a listing of the ear-
nearest building in the cluster. lier listed editions or documents.
[Amdt. 192–78, 61 FR 28783, June 6, 1996; 61 FR (1) Incorporated by reference (IBR).
35139, July 5, 1996, as amended by Amdt. 192– List of Organizations and Addresses:
85, 63 FR 37502, July 13, 1998]
A. Pipeline Research Council Inter-
§ 192.7 What documents are incor- national, Inc. (PRCI), c/o Technical
porated by reference partly or Toolboxes, 3801 Kirby Drive, Suite 520,
wholly in this part? Houston, TX 77098.
(a) Any documents or portions there- B. American Petroleum Institute
of incorporated by reference in this (API), 1220 L Street, NW., Washington,
part are included in this part as though DC 20005.
set out in full. When only a portion of C. American Society for Testing and
a document is referenced, the remain- Materials (ASTM), 100 Barr Harbor
der is not incorporated in this part. Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428.
(b) All incorporated materials are D. ASME International (ASME),
available for inspection in the Office of Three Park Avenue, New York, NY
Pipeline Safety, Pipeline and Haz- 10016–5990.
ardous Materials Safety Administra- E. Manufacturers Standardization
tion, 1200 New Jersey Avenue, SE., Society of the Valve and Fittings In-
Washington, DC, 20590–0001, 202–366– dustry, Inc. (MSS), 127 Park Street,
4595, or at the National Archives and NE., Vienna, VA 22180.
Records Administration (NARA). For F. National Fire Protection Associa-
information on the availability of this tion (NFPA), 1 Batterymarch Park,
material at NARA, call 202–741–6030 or P.O. Box 9101, Quincy, MA 02269–9101.
go to: http://www.archives.gov/ G. Plastics Pipe Institute, Inc. (PPI),
federallregister/ 1825 Connecticut Avenue, NW., Suite
codeloflfederallregulations/ 680, Washington, DC 20009.
ibrllocations.html. These materials H. NACE International (NACE), 1440
have been approved for incorporation South Creek Drive, Houston, TX 77084.
by reference by the Director of the I. Gas Technology Institute (GTI),
Federal Register in accordance with 5 1700 South Mount Prospect Road, Des
U.S.C. 552(a) and 1 CFR part 51. In addi- Plaines, IL 60018.
tion, the incorporated materials are (2) Documents incorporated by ref-
available from the respective organiza- erence.
Source and name of referenced material 49 CFR reference
40
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Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration, DOT § 192.7
(1) ANSI/API Specification 5L/ISO 3183 ‘‘Specification for Line Pipe’’ §§ 192.55(e); 192.112; 192.113; Item I, Appen-
(44th edition, 2007), includes errata (January 2009) and addendum dix B to Part 192.
(February 2009).
(2) API Recommended Practice 5L1 ‘‘Recommended Practice for § 192.65(a)(1).
Railroad Transportation of Line Pipe,’’ (6th Edition, July 2002).
(3) API Recommended Practice 5LW, ‘‘Transportation of Line Pipe § 192.65(b).
on Barges and Marine Vessels’’ (2nd edition, December 1996, ef-
fective March 1, 1997).
(4) ANSI/API Specification 6D, ‘‘Specification for Pipeline Valves’’ § 192.145(a).
(23rd edition (April 2008, effective October 1, 2008) and errata 3
(includes 1 and 2, February 2009)).
(5) API Recommended Practice 80, ‘‘Guidelines for the Definition of §§ 192.8(a); 192.8(a)(1); 192.8(a)(2);
Onshore Gas Gathering Lines,’’ (1st edition, April 2000). 192.8(a)(3); 192.8(a)(4).
(6) API Standard 1104, ‘‘Welding of Pipelines and Related Facilities’’ §§ 192.225; 192.227(a); 192.229(c)(1);
(20th edition, October 2005, errata/addendum, (July 2007) and er- 192.241(c); Item II, Appendix B.
rata 2 (2008)).
(7) API Recommended Practice 1162, ‘‘Public Awareness Programs §§ 192.616(a); 192.616(b); 192.616(c).
for Pipeline Operators,’’ (1st edition, December 2003).
(8) API Recommended Practice 1165 ‘‘Recommended Practice 1165 § 192.631(c)(1).
‘‘Recommended Practice for Pipeline SCADA Displays,’’ (API RP
1165) (First edition (January 2007)).
C. American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM):
(1) ASTM A53/A53M–07, ‘‘Standard Specification for Pipe, Steel, §§ 192.113; Item I, Appendix B to Part 192.
Black and Hot-Dipped, Zinc-Coated, Welded and Seamless’’ (Sep-
tember 1, 2007).
(2) ASTM A106/A106M–08, ‘‘Standard Specification for Seamless §§ 192.113; Item I, Appendix B to Part 192.
Carbon Steel Pipe for High-Temperature Service’’ (July 15, 2008).
(3) ASTM A333/A333M–05 (2005) ‘‘Standard Specification for Seam- §§ 192.113; Item I, Appendix B to Part 192.
less and Welded Steel Pipe for Low-Temperature Service’’.
(4) ASTM A372/A372M–03 (reapproved 2008), ‘‘Standard Specifica- § 192.177(b)(1).
tion for Carbon and Alloy Steel Forgings for Thin-Walled Pressure
Vessels’’ (March 1, 2008).
(5) ASTM A381–96 (reapproved 2005), ‘‘Standard Specification for §§ 192.113; Item I, Appendix B to Part 192.
Metal-Arc Welded Steel Pipe for Use With High-Pressure Trans-
mission Systems’’ (October 1, 2005).
(6) ASTM A578/A578M–96 (re-approved 2001) ‘‘Standard Specifica- §§ 192.112(c)(2)(iii).
tion for Straight-Beam Ultrasonic Examination of Plain and Clad
Steel Plates for Special Applications.’’.
(7) ASTM A671–06, ‘‘Standard Specification for Electric-Fusion- §§ 192.113; Item I, Appendix B to Part 192.
Welded Steel Pipe for Atmospheric and Lower Temperatures’’
(May 1, 2006).
(8) ASTM A672–08, ‘‘Standard Specification for Electric-Fusion- §§ 192.113; Item I, Appendix B to Part 192.
Welded Steel Pipe for High-Pressure Service at Moderate Tem-
peratures’’ (May 1, 2008).
(9) ASTM A691–98 (reapproved 2007), ‘‘Standard Specification for §§ 192.113; Item I, Appendix B to Part 192.
Carbon and Alloy Steel Pipe, Electric-Fusion-Welded for High-
Pressure Service at High Temperatures’’ (November 1, 2007).
(10) ASTM D638–03 ‘‘Standard Test Method for Tensile Properties §§ 192.283(a)(3); 192.283(b)(1).
of Plastics.’’.
(11) ASTM D2513–87 ‘‘Standard Specification for Thermoplastic Gas § 192.63(a)(1).
Pressure Pipe, Tubing, and Fittings.’’.
(12) ASTM D2513–99 ‘‘Standard Specification for Thermoplastic Gas §§ 192.123(e)(2); 192.191(b); 192.281(b)(2);
Pressure Pipe, Tubing, and Fittings.’’. 192.283(a)(1)(i); Item 1, Appendix B to Part
192.
(13) ASTM D2517–00 ‘‘Standard Specification for Reinforced Epoxy §§ 192.191(a); 192.281(d)(1); 192.283(a)(1)(ii);
Resin Gas Pressure Pipe and Fittings.’’. Item I, Appendix B to Part 192.
(14) ASTM F1055–1998, ‘‘Standard Specification for Electrofusion § 192.283(a)(1)(iii).
Type Polyethylene Fittings for Outside Diameter Controller Poly-
ethylene Pipe and Tubing.’’.
D. ASME International (ASME):
(1) ASME/ANSI B16.1–2005, ‘‘Gray Iron Pipe Flanges and Flanged § 192.147(c).
Fittings: (Classes 25, 125, and 250)’’ (August 31, 2006).
(2) ASME/ANSI B16.5–2003, ‘‘Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings.’’ §§ 192.147(a); 192.279.
(October 2004).
(3) ASME/ANSI B31G–1991 (Reaffirmed, 2004), ‘‘Manual for Deter- §§ 192.485(c); 192.933(a).
mining the Remaining Strength of Corroded Pipelines.’’.
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§ 192.8 49 CFR Ch. I (10–1–10 Edition)
(5) ASME/ANSI B31.8S–2004, ‘‘Supplement to B31.8 on Managing §§ 192.903(c); 192.907(b); 192.911 Introductory
System Integrity of Gas Pipelines.’’. text; 192.911(i); 192.911(k); 192.911(l);
192.911(m); 192.913(a) Introductory text;
192.913(b)(1); 192.917(a) Introductory text;
192.917(b); 192.917(c); 192.917(e)(1);
192.917(e)(4); 192.921(a)(1); 192.923(b)(1);
192.923(b)(2); 192.923(b)(3); 192.925(b) In-
troductory text; 192.925(b)(1); 192.925(b)(2);
192.925(b)(3); 192.925(b)(4); 192.927(b);
192.927(c)(1)(i); 192.929(b)(1); 192.929(b)(2);
192.933(a); 192.933(d)(1); 192.933(d)(1)(i);
192.935(a); 192.935(b)(1)(iv); 192.937(c)(1);
192.939(a)(1)(i); 192.939(a)(1)(ii);
192.939(a)(3); 192.945(a).
(6) 2007 ASME Boiler & Pressure Vessel Code, Section I, ‘‘Rules for § 192.153(b).
Construction of Power Boilers 2007’’ (2007 edition, July 1, 2007).
(7) 2007 ASME Boiler & Pressure Vessel Code, Section VIII, Division §§ 192.153(a); 192.153(b); 192.153(d);
1, ‘‘Rules for Construction of Pressure Vessels 2’’ (2007 edition, 192.165(b)(3).
July 1, 2007).
(8) 2007 ASME Boiler & Pressure Vessel Code, Section VIII, Division §§ 192.153(b); 192.165(b)(3).
2, ‘‘Alternative Rules, Rules for Construction of Pressure Vessels’’
(2007 edition, July 1, 2007).
(9) 2007 ASME Boiler & Pressure Vessel Code, Section IX, ‘‘Welding §§ 192.227(a); Item II, Appendix B to Part 192.
and Brazing Procedures, Welders, Brazers, and Welding and Braz-
ing Operators’’ (2007 edition, July 1, 2007).
E. Manufacturers Standardization Society of the Valve and Fittings Industry,
Inc. (MSS):
(1) MSS SP–44–2006, Standard Practice, ‘‘Steel Pipeline Flanges’’ § 192.147(a).
(2006 edition).
(2) [Reserved].
F. National Fire Protection Association (NFPA):
(1) NFPA 30 (2008 edition, August 15, 2007), ‘‘Flammable and Com- § 192.735(b).
bustible Liquids Code’’ (2008 edition; approved August 15, 2007).
(2) NFPA 58 (2004), ‘‘Liquefied Petroleum Gas Code (LP-Gas §§ 192.11(a); 192.11(b); 192.11(c).
Code).’’.
(3) NFPA 59 (2004), ‘‘Utility LP-Gas Plant Code.’’ ............................... §§ 192.11(a); 192.11(b); 192.11(c).
(4) NFPA 70 (2008), ‘‘National Electrical Code’’ (NEC 2008) (Ap- §§ 192.163(e); 192.189(c).
proved August 15, 2007).
G. Plastics Pipe Institute, Inc. (PPI):
(1) PPI TR–3/2008 HDB/HDS/PDB/SDB/MRS Policies (2008), ‘‘Poli- § 192.121.
cies and Procedures for Developing Hydrostatic Design Basis
(HDB), Pressure Design Basis (PDB), Strength Design Basis
(SDB), and Minimum Required Strength (MRS) Ratings for Ther-
moplastic Piping Materials or Pipe’’ (May 2008).
H. NACE International (NACE):
(1) NACE Standard SP0502–2008, Standard Practice, ‘‘Pipeline Ex- §§ 192.923(b)(1); 192.925(b) Introductory text;
ternal Corrosion Direct Assessment Methodology’’ (reaffirmed 192.925(b)(1); 192.925(b)(1)(ii); 192.925(b)(2)
March 20, 2008). Introductory text; 192.925(b)(3) Introductory
text; 192.925(b)(3)(ii); 192.925(b)(3)(iv);
192.925(b)(4) Introductory text;
192.925(b)(4)(ii); 192.931(d);
192.935(b)(1)(iv); 192.939(a)(2).
I. Gas Technology Institute (GTI):
(1) GRI 02/0057 (2002) ‘‘Internal Corrosion Direct Assessment of § 192.927(c)(2).
Gas Transmission Pipelines Methodology.’’.
42
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Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration, DOT § 192.9
A ......... —Metallic and the MAOP produces a Class 2, 3, or 4 location (see § 192.5) None.
hoop stress of 20 percent or more
of SMYS. If the stress level is un-
known, an operator must determine
the stress level according to the
applicable provisions in subpart C
of this part.
—Non-metallic and the MAOP is
more than 125 psig (862 kPa).
B ......... —Metallic and the MAOP produces a Area 1. Class 3 or 4 location ............. If the gathering line is in Area 2(b) or
hoop stress of less than 20 percent Area 2. An area within a Class 2 lo- 2(c), the additional lengths of line
of SMYS. If the stress level is un- cation the operator determines by extend upstream and downstream
known, an operator must determine using any of the following three from the area to a point where the
the stress level according to the methods: line is at least 150 feet (45.7 m)
applicable provisions in subpart C (a) A Class 2 location. ........................ from the nearest dwelling in the
of this part. (b) An area extending 150 feet (45.7 area. However, if a cluster of dwell-
—Non-metallic and the MAOP is 125 m) on each side of the centerline of ings in Area 2 (b) or 2(c) qualifies a
psig (862 kPa) or less. any continuous 1 mile (1.6 km) of line as Type B, the Type B classi-
pipeline and including more than 10 fication ends 150 feet (45.7 m)
but fewer than 46 dwellings. from the nearest dwelling in the
(c) An area extending 150 feet (45.7 cluster.
m) on each side of the centerline of
any continous 1000 feet (305 m) of
pipeline and including 5 or more
dwellings.
[Amdt. 192–102, 71 FR 13302, Mar. 15, 2006] quirements in § 192.150 and in subpart O
of this part.
§ 192.9 What requirements apply to (c) Type A lines. An operator of a
gathering lines? Type A regulated onshore gathering
(a) Requirements. An operator of a line must comply with the require-
gathering line must follow the safety ments of this part applicable to trans-
requirements of this part as prescribed mission lines, except the requirements
by this section. in § 192.150 and in subpart O of this
(b) Offshore lines. An operator of an part. However, an operator of a Type A
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§ 192.10 49 CFR Ch. I (10–1–10 Edition)
44
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Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration, DOT § 192.15
Amdt. 192–27, 41 FR 34605, Aug. 16, 1976; clude the singular; and
Amdt. 192–30, 42 FR 60148, Nov. 25, 1977; (3) Words importing the masculine
Amdt. 192–102, 71 FR 13303, Mar. 15, 2006] gender include the feminine.
45
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§ 192.16 49 CFR Ch. I (10–1–10 Edition)
(d) Each operator must make the fol- (2) It meets the requirements of:
lowing records available for inspection (i) Section II of appendix B to this
by the Administrator or a State agency part; or
46
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Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration, DOT § 192.63
(ii) If it was manufactured before No- (4) Its dimensions are still within the
vember 12, 1970, either section II or III tolerances of the specification to which
of appendix B to this part; it was manufactured; and
(3) It has been used in an existing (5) It is free of visible defects.
line of the same or higher pressure and (c) For the purpose of paragraphs
meets the requirements of paragraph (a)(1) and (b)(1) of this section, where
II-C of appendix B to this part; or pipe of a diameter included in a listed
(4) It is used in accordance with para- specification is impractical to use, pipe
graph (c) of this section. of a diameter between the sizes in-
(c) New or used steel pipe may be cluded in a listed specification may be
used at a pressure resulting in a hoop used if it:
stress of less than 6,000 p.s.i. (41 MPa) (1) Meets the strength and design cri-
where no close coiling or close bending teria required of pipe included in that
is to be done, if visual examination in- listed specification; and
dicates that the pipe is in good condi- (2) Is manufactured from plastic com-
tion and that it is free of split seams
pounds which meet the criteria for ma-
and other defects that would cause
terial required of pipe included in that
leakage. If it is to be welded, steel pipe
listed specification.
that has not been manufactured to a
listed specification must also pass the [35 FR 13257, Aug. 19, 1970, as amended by
weldability tests prescribed in para- Amdt. 192–19, 40 FR 10472, Mar. 6, 1975; Amdt.
graph II-B of appendix B to this part. 192–58, 53 FR 1635, Jan. 21, 1988]
(d) Steel pipe that has not been pre-
viously used may be used as replace- § 192.61 [Reserved]
ment pipe in a segment of pipeline if it
§ 192.63 Marking of materials.
has been manufactured prior to Novem-
ber 12, 1970, in accordance with the (a) Except as provided in paragraph
same specification as the pipe used in (d) of this section, each valve, fitting,
constructing that segment of pipeline. length of pipe, and other component
(e) New steel pipe that has been cold must be marked—
expanded must comply with the man- (1) As prescribed in the specification
datory provisions of API Specification or standard to which it was manufac-
5L. tured, except that thermoplastic fit-
[35 FR 13257, Aug. 19, 1970, as amended by
tings must be marked in accordance
Amdt. 191–1, 35 FR 17660, Nov. 17, 1970; Amdt. with ASTM D2513–87 (incorporated by
192–12, 38 FR 4761, Feb. 22, 1973; Amdt. 192–51, reference, see § 192.7);
51 FR 15335, Apr. 23, 1986; 58 FR 14521, Mar. 18, (2) To indicate size, material, manu-
1993; Amdt. 192–85, 63 FR 37502, July 13, 1998] facturer, pressure rating, and tempera-
ture rating, and as appropriate, type,
§ 192.57 [Reserved]
grade, and model.
§ 192.59 Plastic pipe. (b) Surfaces of pipe and components
that are subject to stress from internal
(a) New plastic pipe is qualified for pressure may not be field die stamped.
use under this part if:
(c) If any item is marked by die
(1) It is manufactured in accordance stamping, the die must have blunt or
with a listed specification; and
rounded edges that will minimize
(2) It is resistant to chemicals with stress concentrations.
which contact may be anticipated.
(d) Paragraph (a) of this section does
(b) Used plastic pipe is qualified for
not apply to items manufactured be-
use under this part if:
fore November 12, 1970, that meet all of
(1) It was manufactured in accord- the following:
ance with a listed specification;
(1) The item is identifiable as to type,
(2) It is resistant to chemicals with
manufacturer, and model.
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§ 192.65 49 CFR Ch. I (10–1–10 Edition)
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Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration, DOT § 192.112
49
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§ 192.112 49 CFR Ch. I (10–1–10 Edition)
(a) General standards for the (1) The plate, skelp, or coil used for the pipe must be micro-alloyed, fine grain, fully killed, con-
steel pipe. tinuously cast steel with calcium treatment.
(2) The carbon equivalents of the steel used for pipe must not exceed 0.25 percent by weight,
as calculated by the Ito-Bessyo formula (Pcm formula) or 0.43 percent by weight, as cal-
culated by the International Institute of Welding (IIW) formula.
(3) The ratio of the specified outside diameter of the pipe to the specified wall thickness must
be less than 100. The wall thickness or other mitigative measures must prevent denting and
ovality anomalies during construction, strength testing and anticipated operational stresses.
(4) The pipe must be manufactured using API Specification 5L, product specification level 2
(incorporated by reference, see § 192.7) for maximum operating pressures and minimum
and maximum operating temperatures and other requirements under this section.
(b) Fracture control ................... (1) The toughness properties for pipe must address the potential for initiation, propagation and
arrest of fractures in accordance with:
(i) API Specification 5L (incorporated by reference, see § 192.7); or
(ii) American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) B31.8 (incorporated by reference, see
§ 192.7); and
(iii) Any correction factors needed to address pipe grades, pressures, temperatures, or gas
compositions not expressly addressed in API Specification 5L, product specification level 2
or ASME B31.8 (incorporated by reference, see § 192.7).
(2) Fracture control must:
(i) Ensure resistance to fracture initiation while addressing the full range of operating tempera-
tures, pressures, gas compositions, pipe grade and operating stress levels, including max-
imum pressures and minimum temperatures for shut-in conditions, that the pipeline is ex-
pected to experience. If these parameters change during operation of the pipeline such that
they are outside the bounds of what was considered in the design evaluation, the evaluation
must be reviewed and updated to assure continued resistance to fracture initiation over the
operating life of the pipeline;
(ii) Address adjustments to toughness of pipe for each grade used and the decompression be-
havior of the gas at operating parameters;
(iii) Ensure at least 99 percent probability of fracture arrest within eight pipe lengths with a
probability of not less than 90 percent within five pipe lengths; and
(iv) Include fracture toughness testing that is equivalent to that described in supplementary re-
quirements SR5A, SR5B, and SR6 of API Specification 5L (incorporated by reference, see
§ 192.7) and ensures ductile fracture and arrest with the following exceptions:
(A) The results of the Charpy impact test prescribed in SR5A must indicate at least 80 percent
minimum shear area for any single test on each heat of steel; and
(B) The results of the drop weight test prescribed in SR6 must indicate 80 percent average
shear area with a minimum single test result of 60 percent shear area for any steel test
samples. The test results must ensure a ductile fracture and arrest.
(3) If it is not physically possible to achieve the pipeline toughness properties of paragraphs
(b)(1) and (2) of this section, additional design features, such as mechanical or composite
crack arrestors and/or heavier walled pipe of proper design and spacing, must be used to
ensure fracture arrest as described in paragraph (b)(2)(iii) of this section.
(c) Plate/coil quality control ...... (1) There must be an internal quality management program at all mills involved in producing
steel, plate, coil, skelp, and/or rolling pipe to be operated at alternative MAOP. These pro-
grams must be structured to eliminate or detect defects and inclusions affecting pipe quality.
(2) A mill inspection program or internal quality management program must include (i) and ei-
ther (ii) or (iii):
(i) An ultrasonic test of the ends and at least 35 percent of the surface of the plate/coil or pipe
to identify imperfections that impair serviceability such as laminations, cracks, and inclu-
sions. At least 95 percent of the lengths of pipe manufactured must be tested. For all pipe-
lines designed after December 22, 2008, the test must be done in accordance with ASTM
A578/A578M Level B, or API 5L Paragraph 7.8.10 (incorporated by reference, see § 192.7)
or equivalent method, and either
(ii) A macro etch test or other equivalent method to identify inclusions that may form centerline
segregation during the continuous casting process. Use of sulfur prints is not an equivalent
method. The test must be carried out on the first or second slab of each sequence graded
with an acceptance criteria of one or two on the Mannesmann scale or equivalent; or
(iii) A quality assurance monitoring program implemented by the operator that includes audits
of: (a) all steelmaking and casting facilities, (b) quality control plans and manufacturing pro-
cedure specifications, (c) equipment maintenance and records of conformance, (d) applica-
ble casting superheat and speeds, and (e) centerline segregation monitoring records to en-
sure mitigation of centerline segregation during the continuous casting process.
(d) Seam quality control ........... (1) There must be a quality assurance program for pipe seam welds to assure tensile strength
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Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration, DOT § 192.113
To address this design issue: The pipeline segment must meet these additional requirements:
(i) A cross section of the weld seam of one pipe from each heat plus one pipe from each
welding line per day; and
(ii) For each sample cross section, a minimum of 13 readings (three for each heat affected
zone, three in the weld metal, and two in each section of pipe base metal).
(3) All of the seams must be ultrasonically tested after cold expansion and mill hydrostatic
testing.
(e) Mill hydrostatic test ............. (1) All pipe to be used in a new pipeline segment must be hydrostatically tested at the mill at a
test pressure corresponding to a hoop stress of 95 percent SMYS for 10 seconds. The test
pressure may include a combination of internal test pressure and the allowance for end
loading stresses imposed by the pipe mill hydrostatic testing equipment as allowed by API
Specification 5L, Appendix K (incorporated by reference, see § 192.7).
(2) Pipe in operation prior to December 22, 2008, must have been hydrostatically tested at the
mill at a test pressure corresponding to a hoop stress of 90 percent SMYS for 10 seconds.
(f) Coating ................................. (1) The pipe must be protected against external corrosion by a non-shielding coating.
(2) Coating on pipe used for trenchless installation must be non-shielding and resist abrasions
and other damage possible during installation.
(3) A quality assurance inspection and testing program for the coating must cover the surface
quality of the bare pipe, surface cleanliness and chlorides, blast cleaning, application tem-
perature control, adhesion, cathodic disbondment, moisture permeation, bending, coating
thickness, holiday detection, and repair.
(g) Fittings and flanges ............. (1) There must be certification records of flanges, factory induction bends and factory weld
ells. Certification must address material properties such as chemistry, minimum yield
strength and minimum wall thickness to meet design conditions.
(2) If the carbon equivalents of flanges, bends and ells are greater than 0.42 percent by
weight, the qualified welding procedures must include a pre-heat procedure.
(3) Valves, flanges and fittings must be rated based upon the required specification rating
class for the alternative MAOP.
(h) Compressor stations ........... (1) A compressor station must be designed to limit the temperature of the nearest downstream
segment operating at alternative MAOP to a maximum of 120 degrees Fahrenheit (49 de-
grees Celsius) or the higher temperature allowed in paragraph (h)(2) of this section unless a
long-term coating integrity monitoring program is implemented in accordance with paragraph
(h)(3) of this section.
(2) If research, testing and field monitoring tests demonstrate that the coating type being used
will withstand a higher temperature in long-term operations, the compressor station may be
designed to limit downstream piping to that higher temperature. Test results and acceptance
criteria addressing coating adhesion, cathodic disbondment, and coating condition must be
provided to each PHMSA pipeline safety regional office where the pipeline is in service at
least 60 days prior to operating above 120 degrees Fahrenheit (49 degrees Celsius). An op-
erator must also notify a State pipeline safety authority when the pipeline is located in a
State where PHMSA has an interstate agent agreement, or an intrastate pipeline is regu-
lated by that State.
(3) Pipeline segments operating at alternative MAOP may operate at temperatures above 120
degrees Fahrenheit (49 degrees Celsius) if the operator implements a long-term coating in-
tegrity monitoring program. The monitoring program must include examinations using direct
current voltage gradient (DCVG), alternating current voltage gradient (ACVG), or an equiva-
lent method of monitoring coating integrity. An operator must specify the periodicity at which
these examinations occur and criteria for repairing identified indications. An operator must
submit its long-term coating integrity monitoring program to each PHMSA pipeline safety re-
gional office in which the pipeline is located for review before the pipeline segments may be
operated at temperatures in excess of 120 degrees Fahrenheit (49 degrees Celsius). An op-
erator must also notify a State pipeline safety authority when the pipeline is located in a
State where PHMSA has an interstate agent agreement, or an intrastate pipeline is regu-
lated by that State.
51
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§ 192.115 49 CFR Ch. I (10–1–10 Edition)
Longitudinal joint
Specification Pipe class factor (E)
t
P = 2S (DF)
(D − t)
2S
P= (DF)
(SDR − 1)
the specified temperature, the HDB of a t = Specified wall thickness, inches (mm).
higher temperature may be used in deter- D = Specified outside diameter, inches (mm).
mining a design pressure rating at the speci-
52
ER30NO09.008</MATH>
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Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration, DOT § 192.125
SDR = Standard dimension ratio, the ratio of may exceed a gauge pressure of 100 psig
the average specified outside diameter to the (689 kPa) provided that:
minimum specified wall thickness, cor- (1) The design pressure does not ex-
responding to a value from a common num-
bering system that was derived from the ceed 125 psig (862 kPa);
American National Standards Institute pre- (2) The material is a PE2406 or a
ferred number series 10. PE3408 as specified within ASTM
D F = 0.32 or D2513–99 (incorporated by reference, see
= 0.40 for PA–11 pipe produced after January § 192.7);
23, 2009 with a nominal pipe size (IPS or CTS) (3) The pipe size is nominal pipe size
4-inch or less, and a SDR of 11 or greater (i.e.
(IPS) 12 or less; and
thicker pipe wall).
(4) The design pressure is determined
[Amdt. 192–111, 74 FR 62505, Nov. 30, 2009, as in accordance with the design equation
amended by Amdt. 192–114, 75 FR 48603, Aug. defined in § 192.121.
11, 2010]
(f) The design pressure for poly-
§ 192.123 Design limitations for plastic amide-11 (PA–11) pipe produced after
pipe. January 23, 2009 may exceed a gauge
(a) Except as provided in paragraph pressure of 100 psig (689 kPa) provided
(e) and paragraph (f) of this section, that:
the design pressure may not exceed a (1) The design pressure does not ex-
gauge pressure of 100 psig (689 kPa) for ceed 200 psig (1379 kPa);
plastic pipe used in: (2) The pipe size is nominal pipe size
(1) Distribution systems; or (IPS or CTS) 4-inch or less; and
(2) Classes 3 and 4 locations. (3) The pipe has a standard dimension
(b) Plastic pipe may not be used ratio of SDR–11 or greater (i.e., thicker
where operating temperatures of the pipe wall).
pipe will be: [35 FR 13257, Aug. 19, 1970, as amended by
(1) Below ¥20 °F (¥20 °C), or ¥40 °F Amdt. 192–31, 43 FR 13883, Apr. 3, 1978; Amdt.
(¥40 °C) if all pipe and pipeline compo- 192–78, 61 FR 28783, June 6, 1996; Amdt. 192–85,
nents whose operating temperature 63 FR 37502, July 13, 1998; Amdt. 192–93, 68 FR
will be below ¥29 °C (¥20 °F) have a 53900, Sept. 15, 2003; 69 FR 32894, June 14, 2004;
temperature rating by the manufac- Amdt. 192–94, 69 FR 54592, Sept. 9, 2004; Amdt.
turer consistent with that operating 192–103, 71 FR 33407, June 9, 2006; 73 FR 79005,
Dec. 24, 2008; Amdt. 192–114, 75 FR 48603, Aug.
temperature; or
11, 2010]
(2) Above the following applicable
temperatures: § 192.125 Design of copper pipe.
(i) For thermoplastic pipe, the tem-
perature at which the HDB used in the (a) Copper pipe used in mains must
design formula under § 192.121 is deter- have a minimum wall thickness of 0.065
mined. inches (1.65 millimeters) and must be
(ii) For reinforced thermosetting hard drawn.
plastic pipe, 150 °F (66 °C). (b) Copper pipe used in service lines
(c) The wall thickness for thermo- must have wall thickness not less than
plastic pipe may not be less than 0.062 that indicated in the following table:
inches (1.57 millimeters). Wall thickness inch (milli-
(d) The wall thickness for reinforced Standard Nominal meter)
size inch O.D. inch
thermosetting plastic pipe may not be (millimeter) (millimeter) Nominal Tolerance
less than that listed in the following
table: ⁄
12 (13) .625 (16) .040 (1.06) .0035 (.0889)
5⁄8 (16) .750 (19) .042 (1.07) .0035 (.0889)
3⁄4 (19) .875 (22) .045 (1.14) .004 (.102)
Minimum
wall thick- 1 (25) 1.125 (29) .050 (1.27) .004 (.102)
Nominal size in inches (millimeters). ness inches 11⁄4 (32) 1.375 (35) .055 (1.40) .0045 (.1143)
(millime-
ters). 11⁄2 (38) 1.625 (41) .060 (1.52) .0045 (.1143)
2 (51) ................................................................. 0.060 (1.52) (c) Copper pipe used in mains and
3 (76) ................................................................. 0.060 (1.52)
4 (102) ............................................................... 0.070 (1.78)
service lines may not be used at pres-
6 (152) ............................................................... 0.100 (2.54) sures in excess of 100 p.s.i. (689 kPa)
wwoods2 on DSK1DXX6B1PROD with CFR
gage.
(e) The design pressure for thermo- (d) Copper pipe that does not have an
plastic pipe produced after July 14, 2004 internal corrosion resistant lining may
53
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§ 192.141 49 CFR Ch. I (10–1–10 Edition)
not be used to carry gas that has an av- the strength or tightness of the compo-
erage hydrogen sulfide content of more nent; and
than 0.3 grains/100 ft3 (6.9/m3) under (b) The edition of the document
standard conditions. Standard condi- under which the component was manu-
tions refers to 60 °F and 14.7 psia (15.6 factured has equal or more stringent
°C and one atmosphere) of gas. requirements for the following as an
edition of that document currently or
[35 FR 13257, Aug. 19, 1970, as amended by
Amdt. 192–62, 54 FR 5628, Feb. 6, 1989; Amdt.
previously listed in § 192.7 or appendix
192–85, 63 FR 37502, July 13, 1998] B of this part:
(1) Pressure testing;
(2) Materials; and
Subpart D—Design of Pipeline (3) Pressure and temperature ratings.
Components
[Amdt. 192–45, 48 FR 30639, July 5, 1983, as
§ 192.141 Scope. amended by Amdt. 192–94, 69 FR 32894, June
14, 2004]
This subpart prescribes minimum re-
quirements for the design and installa- § 192.145 Valves.
tion of pipeline components and facili- (a) Except for cast iron and plastic
ties. In addition, it prescribes require- valves, each valve must meet the min-
ments relating to protection against imum requirements of API 6D (incor-
accidental overpressuring. porated by reference, see § 192.7), or to a
national or international standard that
§ 192.143 General requirements. provides an equivalent performance
(a) Each component of a pipeline level. A valve may not be used under
must be able to withstand operating operating conditions that exceed the
pressures and other anticipated load- applicable pressure-temperature rat-
ings without impairment of its service- ings contained in those requirements.
ability with unit stresses equivalent to (b) Each cast iron and plastic valve
those allowed for comparable material must comply with the following:
in pipe in the same location and kind (1) The valve must have a maximum
of service. However, if design based service pressure rating for tempera-
upon unit stresses is impractical for a tures that equal or exceed the max-
particular component, design may be imum service temperature.
based upon a pressure rating estab- (2) The valve must be tested as part
lished by the manufacturer by pressure of the manufacturing, as follows:
testing that component or a prototype (i) With the valve in the fully open
of the component. position, the shell must be tested with
(b) The design and installation of no leakage to a pressure at least 1.5
pipeline components and facilities times the maximum service rating.
must meet applicable requirements for (ii) After the shell test, the seat must
corrosion control found in subpart I of be tested to a pressure not less than 1.5
this part. times the maximum service pressure
rating. Except for swing check valves,
[Amdt. 48, 49 FR 19824, May 10, 1984 as test pressure during the seat test must
amended at 72 FR 20059, Apr. 23, 2007] be applied successively on each side of
the closed valve with the opposite side
§ 192.144 Qualifying metallic compo- open. No visible leakage is permitted.
nents.
(iii) After the last pressure test is
Notwithstanding any requirement of completed, the valve must be operated
this subpart which incorporates by ref- through its full travel to demonstrate
erence an edition of a document listed freedom from interference.
in § 192.7 or Appendix B of this part, a (c) Each valve must be able to meet
metallic component manufactured in the anticipated operating conditions.
accordance with any other edition of (d) No valve having shell (body, bon-
that document is qualified for use net, cover, and/or end flange) compo-
under this part if— nents made of ductile iron may be used
wwoods2 on DSK1DXX6B1PROD with CFR
(a) It can be shown through visual in- at pressures exceeding 80 percent of the
spection of the cleaned component that pressure ratings for comparable steel
no defect exists which might impair valves at their listed temperature.
54
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Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration, DOT § 192.150
However, a valve having shell compo- ignated material and wall thickness, as
nents made of ductile iron may be used determined by a prototype that was
at pressures up to 80 percent of the tested to at least the pressure required
pressure ratings for comparable steel for the pipeline to which it is being
valves at their listed temperature, if: added.
(1) The temperature-adjusted service
pressure does not exceed 1,000 p.s.i. (7 § 192.150 Passage of internal inspec-
Mpa) gage; and tion devices.
(2) Welding is not used on any ductile (a) Except as provided in paragraphs
iron component in the fabrication of (b) and (c) of this section, each new
the valve shells or their assembly. transmission line and each replace-
(e) No valve having shell (body, bon- ment of line pipe, valve, fitting, or
net, cover, and/or end flange) compo- other line component in a transmission
nents made of cast iron, malleable line must be designed and constructed
iron, or ductile iron may be used in the to accommodate the passage of instru-
gas pipe components of compressor sta- mented internal inspection devices.
tions. (b) This section does not apply to: (1)
[35 FR 13257, Aug. 19, 1970, as amended by Manifolds;
Amdt. 192–62, 54 FR 5628, Feb. 6, 1989; Amdt. (2) Station piping such as at com-
192–85, 63 FR 37502, July 13, 1998; Amdt. 192– pressor stations, meter stations, or
94, 69 FR 32894, June 14, 2004; Amdt. 192–114,
regulator stations;
75 FR 48603, Aug. 11, 2010]
(3) Piping associated with storage fa-
§ 192.147 Flanges and flange acces- cilities, other than a continuous run of
sories. transmission line between a com-
(a) Each flange or flange accessory pressor station and storage facilities;
(other than cast iron) must meet the (4) Cross-overs;
minimum requirements of ASME/ANSI (5) Sizes of pipe for which an instru-
B16.5, MSS SP–44, or the equivalent. mented internal inspection device is
(b) Each flange assembly must be not commercially available;
able to withstand the maximum pres- (6) Transmission lines, operated in
sure at which the pipeline is to be oper- conjunction with a distribution system
ated and to maintain its physical and which are installed in Class 4 locations;
chemical properties at any tempera- (7) Offshore transmission lines, ex-
ture to which it is anticipated that it cept transmission lines 103⁄4 inches (273
might be subjected in service. millimeters) or more in outside diame-
(c) Each flange on a flanged joint in ter on which construction begins after
cast iron pipe must conform in dimen- December 28, 2005, that run from plat-
sions, drilling, face and gasket design form to platform or platform to shore
to ASME/ANSI B16.1 and be cast inte- unless—
grally with the pipe, valve, or fitting. (i) Platform space or configuration is
[35 FR 13257, Aug. 19, 1970, as amended by incompatible with launching or re-
Amdt. 192–62, 54 FR 5628, Feb. 6, 1989; 58 FR trieving instrumented internal inspec-
14521, Mar. 18, 1993] tion devices; or
(ii) If the design includes taps for lat-
§ 192.149 Standard fittings. eral connections, the operator can
(a) The minimum metal thickness of demonstrate, based on investigation or
threaded fittings may not be less than experience, that there is no reasonably
specified for the pressures and tem- practical alternative under the design
peratures in the applicable standards circumstances to the use of a tap that
referenced in this part, or their equiva- will obstruct the passage of instru-
lent. mented internal inspection devices;
(b) Each steel butt-welding fitting and
must have pressure and temperature (8) Other piping that, under § 190.9 of
ratings based on stresses for pipe of the this chapter, the Administrator finds
same or equivalent material. The ac- in a particular case would be impracti-
wwoods2 on DSK1DXX6B1PROD with CFR
tual bursting strength of the fitting cable to design and construct to ac-
must at least equal the computed commodate the passage of instru-
bursting strength of pipe of the des- mented internal inspection devices.
55
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§ 192.151 49 CFR Ch. I (10–1–10 Edition)
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Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration, DOT § 192.163
or header, the shear stresses produced (1) A structural support may not be
by the pressure acting on the area of welded directly to the pipe.
the branch opening, and any external (2) The support must be provided by a
loadings due to thermal movement, member that completely encircles the
weight, and vibration. pipe.
(3) If an encircling member is welded
§ 192.157 Extruded outlets. to a pipe, the weld must be continuous
Each extruded outlet must be suit- and cover the entire circumference.
able for anticipated service conditions (e) Each underground pipeline that is
and must be at least equal to the de- connected to a relatively unyielding
sign strength of the pipe and other fit- line or other fixed object must have
tings in the pipeline to which it is at- enough flexibility to provide for pos-
tached. sible movement, or it must have an an-
chor that will limit the movement of
§ 192.159 Flexibility. the pipeline.
Each pipeline must be designed with (f) Except for offshore pipelines, each
enough flexibility to prevent thermal underground pipeline that is being con-
expansion or contraction from causing nected to new branches must have a
excessive stresses in the pipe or compo- firm foundation for both the header
nents, excessive bending or unusual and the branch to prevent detrimental
loads at joints, or undesirable forces or lateral and vertical movement.
moments at points of connection to [35 FR 13257, Aug. 19, 1970, as amended by
equipment, or at anchorage or guide Amdt. 192–58, 53 FR 1635, Jan. 21, 1988]
points.
§ 192.163 Compressor stations: Design
§ 192.161 Supports and anchors. and construction.
(a) Each pipeline and its associated (a) Location of compressor building. Ex-
equipment must have enough anchors cept for a compressor building on a
or supports to: platform located offshore or in inland
(1) Prevent undue strain on con- navigable waters, each main com-
nected equipment; pressor building of a compressor sta-
(2) Resist longitudinal forces caused tion must be located on property under
by a bend or offset in the pipe; and the control of the operator. It must be
(3) Prevent or damp out excessive vi- far enough away from adjacent prop-
bration. erty, not under control of the operator,
(b) Each exposed pipeline must have to minimize the possibility of fire
enough supports or anchors to protect being communicated to the compressor
the exposed pipe joints from the max- building from structures on adjacent
imum end force caused by internal property. There must be enough open
pressure and any additional forces space around the main compressor
caused by temperature expansion or building to allow the free movement of
contraction or by the weight of the fire-fighting equipment.
pipe and its contents. (b) Building construction. Each build-
(c) Each support or anchor on an ex- ing on a compressor station site must
posed pipeline must be made of dura- be made of noncombustible materials if
ble, noncombustible material and must it contains either—
be designed and installed as follows: (1) Pipe more than 2 inches (51 milli-
(1) Free expansion and contraction of meters) in diameter that is carrying
the pipeline between supports or an- gas under pressure; or
chors may not be restricted. (2) Gas handling equipment other
(2) Provision must be made for the than gas utilization equipment used for
service conditions involved. domestic purposes.
(3) Movement of the pipeline may not (c) Exits. Each operating floor of a
cause disengagement of the support main compressor building must have at
equipment. least two separated and unobstructed
(d) Each support on an exposed pipe- exits located so as to provide a conven-
wwoods2 on DSK1DXX6B1PROD with CFR
line operated at a stress level of 50 per- ient possibility of escape and an unob-
cent or more of SMYS must comply structed passage to a place of safety.
with the following: Each door latch on an exit must be of
57
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§ 192.165 49 CFR Ch. I (10–1–10 Edition)
a type which can be readily opened tion must have an emergency shut-
from the inside without a key. Each down system that meets the following:
swinging door located in an exterior (1) It must be able to block gas out of
wall must be mounted to swing out- the station and blow down the station
ward. piping.
(d) Fenced areas. Each fence around a (2) It must discharge gas from the
compressor station must have at least blowdown piping at a location where
two gates located so as to provide a the gas will not create a hazard.
convenient opportunity for escape to a (3) It must provide means for the
place of safety, or have other facilities shutdown of gas compressing equip-
affording a similarly convenient exit ment, gas fires, and electrical facilities
from the area. Each gate located with- in the vicinity of gas headers and in
in 200 feet (61 meters) of any com- the compressor building, except that:
pressor plant building must open out- (i) Electrical circuits that supply
ward and, when occupied, must be emergency lighting required to assist
openable from the inside without a station personnel in evacuating the
key. compressor building and the area in
(e) Electrical facilities. Electrical the vicinity of the gas headers must re-
equipment and wiring installed in com- main energized; and
pressor stations must conform to the (ii) Electrical circuits needed to pro-
National Electrical Code, ANSI/NFPA tect equipment from damage may re-
70, so far as that code is applicable. main energized.
[35 FR 13257, Aug. 19, 1970, as amended by (4) It must be operable from at least
Amdt. 192–27, 41 FR 34605, Aug. 16, 1976; two locations, each of which is:
Amdt. 192–37, 46 FR 10159, Feb. 2, 1981; 58 FR (i) Outside the gas area of the sta-
14521, Mar. 18, 1993; Amdt. 192–85, 63 FR 37502, tion;
37503, July 13, 1998]
(ii) Near the exit gates, if the station
§ 192.165 Compressor stations: Liquid is fenced, or near emergency exits, if
removal. not fenced; and
(iii) Not more than 500 feet (153 me-
(a) Where entrained vapors in gas
ters) from the limits of the station.
may liquefy under the anticipated pres-
sure and temperature conditions, the (b) If a compressor station supplies
compressor must be protected against gas directly to a distribution system
the introduction of those liquids in with no other adequate source of gas
quantities that could cause damage. available, the emergency shutdown
(b) Each liquid separator used to re- system must be designed so that it will
move entrained liquids at a compressor not function at the wrong time and
station must: cause an unintended outage on the dis-
(1) Have a manually operable means tribution system.
of removing these liquids. (c) On a platform located offshore or
(2) Where slugs of liquid could be car- in inland navigable waters, the emer-
ried into the compressors, have either gency shutdown system must be de-
automatic liquid removal facilities, an signed and installed to actuate auto-
automatic compressor shutdown de- matically by each of the following
vice, or a high liquid level alarm; and events:
(3) Be manufactured in accordance (1) In the case of an unattended com-
with section VIII of the ASME Boiler pressor station:
and Pressure Vessel Code, except that (i) When the gas pressure equals the
liquid separators constructed of pipe maximum allowable operating pressure
and fittings without internal welding plus 15 percent; or
must be fabricated with a design factor (ii) When an uncontrolled fire occurs
of 0.4, or less. on the platform; and
(2) In the case of a compressor sta-
§ 192.167 Compressor stations: Emer- tion in a building:
gency shutdown. (i) When an uncontrolled fire occurs
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Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration, DOT § 192.177
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§ 192.179 49 CFR Ch. I (10–1–10 Edition)
tensile requirements for the various tween main line valves must have a
grades of steel in ASTM A 372/A 372M. blowdown valve with enough capacity
(2) The actual yield-tensile ratio of to allow the transmission line to be
the steel may not exceed 0.85. blown down as rapidly as practicable.
(3) Welding may not be performed on Each blowdown discharge must be lo-
the holder after it has been heat treat- cated so the gas can be blown to the at-
ed or stress relieved, except that cop- mosphere without hazard and, if the
per wires may be attached to the small transmission line is adjacent to an
diameter portion of the bottle end clo- overhead electric line, so that the gas
sure for cathodic protection if a local- is directed away from the electrical
ized thermit welding process is used. conductors.
(4) The holder must be given a mill (d) Offshore segments of transmission
hydrostatic test at a pressure that pro- lines must be equipped with valves or
duces a hoop stress at least equal to 85 other components to shut off the flow
percent of the SMYS. of gas to an offshore platform in an
(5) The holder, connection pipe, and emergency.
components must be leak tested after
installation as required by subpart J of [35 FR 13257, Aug. 19, 1970, as amended by
Amdt. 192–27, 41 FR 34606, Aug. 16, 1976;
this part. Amdt. 192–78, 61 FR 28784, June 6, 1996; Amdt.
[35 FR 13257, Aug. 19, 1970, as amended by 192–85, 63 FR 37503, July 13, 1998]
Amdt. 192–58, 53 FR 1635, Jan. 21, 1988; Amdt
192–62, 54 FR 5628, Feb. 6, 1989; 58 FR 14521, § 192.181 Distribution line valves.
Mar. 18, 1993; Amdt. 192–85, 63 FR 37503, July
13, 1998]
(a) Each high-pressure distribution
system must have valves spaced so as
§ 192.179 Transmission line valves. to reduce the time to shut down a sec-
tion of main in an emergency. The
(a) Each transmission line, other
valve spacing is determined by the op-
than offshore segments, must have sec-
erating pressure, the size of the mains,
tionalizing block valves spaced as fol-
and the local physical conditions.
lows, unless in a particular case the
Administrator finds that alternative (b) Each regulator station control-
spacing would provide an equivalent ling the flow or pressure of gas in a dis-
level of safety: tribution system must have a valve in-
(1) Each point on the pipeline in a stalled on the inlet piping at a distance
Class 4 location must be within 21⁄2 from the regulator station sufficient to
miles (4 kilometers)of a valve. permit the operation of the valve dur-
(2) Each point on the pipeline in a ing an emergency that might preclude
Class 3 location must be within 4 miles access to the station.
(6.4 kilometers) of a valve. (c) Each valve on a main installed for
(3) Each point on the pipeline in a operating or emergency purposes must
Class 2 location must be within 71⁄2 comply with the following:
miles (12 kilometers) of a valve. (1) The valve must be placed in a
(4) Each point on the pipeline in a readily accessible location so as to fa-
Class 1 location must be within 10 cilitate its operation in an emergency.
miles (16 kilometers) of a valve. (2) The operating stem or mechanism
(b) Each sectionalizing block valve must be readily accessible.
on a transmission line, other than off- (3) If the valve is installed in a buried
shore segments, must comply with the box or enclosure, the box or enclosure
following: must be installed so as to avoid trans-
(1) The valve and the operating de- mitting external loads to the main.
vice to open or close the valve must be
readily accessible and protected from § 192.183 Vaults: Structural design re-
tampering and damage. quirements.
(2) The valve must be supported to (a) Each underground vault or pit for
prevent settling of the valve or move- valves, pressure relieving, pressure
ment of the pipe to which it is at- limiting, or pressure regulating sta-
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60
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Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration, DOT § 192.193
(b) There must be enough working and there must be a means for testing
space so that all of the equipment re- the internal atmosphere before remov-
quired in the vault or pit can be prop- ing the cover;
erly installed, operated, and main- (2) If the vault or pit is vented, there
tained. must be a means of preventing external
(c) Each pipe entering, or within, a sources of ignition from reaching the
regulator vault or pit must be steel for vault atmosphere; or
sizes 10 inch (254 millimeters), and less, (3) If the vault or pit is ventilated,
except that control and gage piping paragraph (a) or (c) of this section ap-
may be copper. Where pipe extends plies.
through the vault or pit structure, pro- (c) If a vault or pit covered by para-
vision must be made to prevent the graph (b) of this section is ventilated
passage of gases or liquids through the by openings in the covers or gratings
opening and to avert strains in the and the ratio of the internal volume, in
pipe. cubic feet, to the effective ventilating
[35 FR 13257, Aug. 19, 1970, as amended by area of the cover or grating, in square
Amdt. 192–85, 63 FR 37503, July 13, 1998] feet, is less than 20 to 1, no additional
ventilation is required.
§ 192.185 Vaults: Accessibility.
[35 FR 13257, Aug. 19, 1970, as amended by
Each vault must be located in an ac- Amdt. 192–85, 63 FR 37503, July 13, 1998]
cessible location and, so far as prac-
tical, away from: § 192.189 Vaults: Drainage and water-
(a) Street intersections or points proofing.
where traffic is heavy or dense;
(a) Each vault must be designed so as
(b) Points of minimum elevation,
to minimize the entrance of water.
catch basins, or places where the ac-
cess cover will be in the course of sur- (b) A vault containing gas piping
face waters; and may not be connected by means of a
(c) Water, electric, steam, or other drain connection to any other under-
facilities. ground structure.
(c) Electrical equipment in vaults
§ 192.187 Vaults: Sealing, venting, and must conform to the applicable re-
ventilation. quirements of Class 1, Group D, of the
Each underground vault or closed top National Electrical Code, ANSI/NFPA
pit containing either a pressure regu- 70.
lating or reducing station, or a pres- [35 FR 13257, Aug. 19, 1970, as amended by
sure limiting or relieving station, must Amdt. 192–76, 61 FR 26122, May 24, 1996]
be sealed, vented or ventilated as fol-
lows: § 192.191 Design pressure of plastic fit-
(a) When the internal volume exceeds tings.
200 cubic feet (5.7 cubic meters): (a) Thermosetting fittings for plastic
(1) The vault or pit must be venti- pipe must conform to ASTM D 2517,
lated with two ducts, each having at (incorporated by reference, see § 192.7).
least the ventilating effect of a pipe 4 (b) Thermoplastic fittings for plastic
inches (102 millimeters) in diameter; pipe must conform to ASTM D 2513–99,
(2) The ventilation must be enough to (incorporated by reference, see § 192.7).
minimize the formation of combustible
atmosphere in the vault or pit; and [Amdt. 192–114, 75 FR 48603, Aug. 11, 2010]
(3) The ducts must be high enough
above grade to disperse any gas-air § 192.193 Valve installation in plastic
mixtures that might be discharged. pipe.
(b) When the internal volume is more Each valve installed in plastic pipe
than 75 cubic feet (2.1 cubic meters) but must be designed so as to protect the
less than 200 cubic feet (5.7 cubic me- plastic material against excessive tor-
ters): sional or shearing loads when the valve
(1) If the vault or pit is sealed, each or shutoff is operated, and from any
wwoods2 on DSK1DXX6B1PROD with CFR
opening must have a tight fitting cover other secondary stresses that might be
without open holes through which an exerted through the valve or its enclo-
explosive mixture might be ignited, sure.
61
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§ 192.195 49 CFR Ch. I (10–1–10 Edition)
limit the build-up of pressure under no- combination may be used alone only in
flow conditions to prevent a pressure those cases where the inlet pressure on
that would cause the unsafe operation the service regulator does not exceed
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Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration, DOT § 192.201
the manufacturer’s safe working pres- (h) Except for a valve that will iso-
sure rating of the service regulator, late the system under protection from
and may not be used where the inlet its source of pressure, be designed to
pressure on the service regulator ex- prevent unauthorized operation of any
ceeds 125 p.s.i. (862 kPa) gage. For high- stop valve that will make the pressure
er inlet pressures, the methods in para- relief valve or pressure limiting device
graph (c) (1) or (2) of this section must inoperative.
be used. [35 FR 13257, Aug. 19, 1970, as amended by
(4) A service regulator and an auto- Amdt. 192–1, 35 FR 17660, Nov. 17, 1970]
matic shutoff device that closes upon a
rise in pressure downstream from the § 192.201 Required capacity of pres-
regulator and remains closed until sure relieving and limiting stations.
manually reset. (a) Each pressure relief station or
[35 FR 13257, Aug. 19, 1970, as amended by pressure limiting station or group of
Amdt. 192–1, 35 FR 17660, Nov. 7, 1970; Amdt those stations installed to protect a
192–85, 63 FR 37503, July 13, 1998; Amdt. 192– pipeline must have enough capacity,
93, 68 FR 53900, Sept. 15, 2003] and must be set to operate, to insure
the following:
§ 192.199 Requirements for design of (1) In a low pressure distribution sys-
pressure relief and limiting devices. tem, the pressure may not cause the
Except for rupture discs, each pres- unsafe operation of any connected and
sure relief or pressure limiting device properly adjusted gas utilization equip-
must: ment.
(a) Be constructed of materials such (2) In pipelines other than a low pres-
that the operation of the device will sure distribution system:
not be impaired by corrosion; (i) If the maximum allowable oper-
(b) Have valves and valve seats that ating pressure is 60 p.s.i. (414 kPa) gage
are designed not to stick in a position or more, the pressure may not exceed
that will make the device inoperative; the maximum allowable operating
(c) Be designed and installed so that pressure plus 10 percent, or the pres-
it can be readily operated to determine sure that produces a hoop stress of 75
if the valve is free, can be tested to de- percent of SMYS, whichever is lower;
termine the pressure at which it will (ii) If the maximum allowable oper-
operate, and can be tested for leakage ating pressure is 12 p.s.i. (83 kPa) gage
when in the closed position; or more, but less than 60 p.s.i. (414 kPa)
(d) Have support made of noncombus- gage, the pressure may not exceed the
tible material; maximum allowable operating pressure
(e) Have discharge stacks, vents, or plus 6 p.s.i. (41 kPa) gage; or
outlet ports designed to prevent accu- (iii) If the maximum allowable oper-
mulation of water, ice, or snow, located ating pressure is less than 12 p.s.i. (83
where gas can be discharged into the kPa) gage, the pressure may not exceed
atmosphere without undue hazard; the maximum allowable operating
(f) Be designed and installed so that pressure plus 50 percent.
the size of the openings, pipe, and fit- (b) When more than one pressure reg-
tings located between the system to be ulating or compressor station feeds
protected and the pressure relieving de- into a pipeline, relief valves or other
vice, and the size of the vent line, are protective devices must be installed at
adequate to prevent hammering of the each station to ensure that the com-
valve and to prevent impairment of re- plete failure of the largest capacity
lief capacity; regulator or compressor, or any single
(g) Where installed at a district regu- run of lesser capacity regulators or
lator station to protect a pipeline sys- compressors in that station, will not
tem from overpressuring, be designed impose pressures on any part of the
and installed to prevent any single in- pipeline or distribution system in ex-
cident such as an explosion in a vault cess of those for which it was designed,
or damage by a vehicle from affecting or against which it was protected,
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§ 192.203 49 CFR Ch. I (10–1–10 Edition)
near each regulator station in a low- suitable for the anticipated pressure
pressure distribution system, with a and temperature condition. Slip type
capacity to limit the maximum pres- expansion joints may not be used. Ex-
sure in the main to a pressure that will pansion must be allowed for by pro-
not exceed the safe operating pressure viding flexibility within the system
for any connected and properly ad- itself.
justed gas utilization equipment. (9) Each control line must be pro-
tected from anticipated causes of dam-
[35 FR 13257, Aug. 19, 1970, as amended by
Amdt. 192–9, 37 FR 20827, Oct. 4, 1972; Amdt age and must be designed and installed
192–85, 63 FR 37503, July 13, 1998] to prevent damage to any one control
line from making both the regulator
§ 192.203 Instrument, control, and sam- and the over-pressure protective device
pling pipe and components. inoperative.
(a) Applicability. This section applies [35 FR 13257, Aug. 19, 1970, as amended by
to the design of instrument, control, Amdt. 192–78, 61 FR 28784, June 6, 1996; Amdt.
and sampling pipe and components. It 192–85, 63 FR 37503, July 13, 1998]
does not apply to permanently closed
systems, such as fluid-filled tempera- Subpart E—Welding of Steel in
ture-responsive devices. Pipelines
(b) Materials and design. All materials
employed for pipe and components § 192.221 Scope.
must be designed to meet the par- (a) This subpart prescribes minimum
ticular conditions of service and the requirements for welding steel mate-
following: rials in pipelines.
(1) Each takeoff connection and at- (b) This subpart does not apply to
taching boss, fitting, or adapter must welding that occurs during the manu-
be made of suitable material, be able to facture of steel pipe or steel pipeline
withstand the maximum service pres- components.
sure and temperature of the pipe or
equipment to which it is attached, and § 192.225 Welding procedures.
be designed to satisfactorily withstand
(a) Welding must be performed by a
all stresses without failure by fatigue.
qualified welder in accordance with
(2) Except for takeoff lines that can
welding procedures qualified under sec-
be isolated from sources of pressure by
tion 5 of API 1104 (incorporated by ref-
other valving, a shutoff valve must be
erence, see § 192.7) or section IX of the
installed in each takeoff line as near as
ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code
practicable to the point of takeoff.
‘‘ Welding and Brazing Qualifications’’
Blowdown valves must be installed
(incorporated by reference, see § 192.7)
where necessary.
to produce welds meeting the require-
(3) Brass or copper material may not
ments of this subpart. The quality of
be used for metal temperatures greater
the test welds used to qualify welding
than 400 °F (204°C).
procedures shall be determined by de-
(4) Pipe or components that may con-
structive testing in accordance with
tain liquids must be protected by heat-
the applicable welding standard(s).
ing or other means from damage due to
(b) Each welding procedure must be
freezing.
recorded in detail, including the results
(5) Pipe or components in which liq-
of the qualifying tests. This record
uids may accumulate must have drains
must be retained and followed when-
or drips.
(6) Pipe or components subject to ever the procedure is used.
clogging from solids or deposits must [Amdt. 192–52, 51 FR 20297, June 4, 1986;
have suitable connections for cleaning. Amdt. 192–94, 69 FR 32894, June 14, 2004]
(7) The arrangement of pipe, compo-
nents, and supports must provide safe- § 192.227 Qualification of welders.
ty under anticipated operating (a) Except as provided in paragraph
stresses. (b) of this section, each welder must be
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Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration, DOT § 192.235
Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code (incor- stress of less than 20 percent of SMYS
porated by reference, see § 192.7). How- unless the welder is tested in accord-
ever, a welder qualified under an ear- ance with paragraph (c)(1) of this sec-
lier edition than listed in § 192.7 of this tion or requalifies under paragraph
part may weld but may not requalify (d)(1) or (d)(2) of this section.
under that earlier edition. (d) A welder qualified under
(b) A welder may qualify to perform § 192.227(b) may not weld unless—
welding on pipe to be operated at a (1) Within the preceding 15 calendar
pressure that produces a hoop stress of months, but at least once each cal-
less than 20 percent of SMYS by per- endar year, the welder has requalified
forming an acceptable test weld, for under § 192.227(b); or
the process to be used, under the test (2) Within the preceding 71⁄2 calendar
set forth in section I of Appendix C of months, but at least twice each cal-
this part. Each welder who is to make endar year, the welder has had—
a welded service line connection to a (i) A production weld cut out, tested,
main must first perform an acceptable and found acceptable in accordance
test weld under section II of Appendix with the qualifying test; or
C of this part as a requirement of the (ii) For welders who work only on
qualifying test. service lines 2 inches (51 millimeters)
or smaller in diameter, two sample
[35 FR 13257, Aug. 19, 1970, as amended by
welds tested and found acceptable in
Amdt. 192–43, 47 FR 46851, Oct. 21, 1982; Amdt.
192–52, 51 FR 20297, June 4, 1986; Amdt. 192–78, accordance with the test in section III
61 FR 28784, June 6, 1996; Amdt. 192–94, 69 FR of Appendix C of this part.
32894, June 14, 2004; Amdt. 192–103, 72 FR 4656, [35 FR 13257, Aug. 19, 1970, as amended by
Feb. 1, 2007] Amdt. 192–37, 46 FR 10159, Feb. 2, 1981; Amdt.
192–78, 61 FR 28784, June 6, 1996; Amdt. 192–85,
§ 192.229 Limitations on welders. 63 FR 37503, July 13, 1998; Amdt. 192–94, 69 FR
(a) No welder whose qualification is 32895, June 14, 2004]
based on nondestructive testing may
weld compressor station pipe and com- § 192.231 Protection from weather.
ponents. The welding operation must be pro-
(b) No welder may weld with a par- tected from weather conditions that
ticular welding process unless, within would impair the quality of the com-
the preceding 6 calendar months, he pleted weld.
has engaged in welding with that proc-
ess. § 192.233 Miter joints.
(c) A welder qualified under (a) A miter joint on steel pipe to be
§ 192.227(a)— operated at a pressure that produces a
(1) May not weld on pipe to be oper- hoop stress of 30 percent or more of
ated at a pressure that produces a hoop SMYS may not deflect the pipe more
stress of 20 percent or more of SMYS than 3°.
unless within the preceding 6 calendar (b) A miter joint on steel pipe to be
months the welder has had one weld operated at a pressure that produces a
tested and found acceptable under the hoop stress of less than 30 percent, but
sections 6 or 9 of API Standard 1104 (in- more than 10 percent, of SMYS may
corporated by reference, see § 192.7). Al- not deflect the pipe more than 121⁄2° and
ternatively, welders may maintain an must be a distance equal to one pipe di-
ongoing qualification status by per- ameter or more away from any other
forming welds tested and found accept- miter joint, as measured from the
able under the above acceptance cri- crotch of each joint.
teria at least twice each calendar year, (c) A miter joint on steel pipe to be
but at intervals not exceeding 71⁄2 operated at a pressure that produces a
months. A welder qualified under an hoop stress of 10 percent or less of
earlier edition of a standard listed in SMYS may not deflect the pipe more
§ 192.7 of this part may weld but may than 90°.
not requalify under that earlier edi-
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§ 192.241 49 CFR Ch. I (10–1–10 Edition)
other than trepanning, that will clear- § 192.245 Repair or removal of defects.
ly indicate defects that may affect the (a) Each weld that is unacceptable
integrity of the weld. under § 192.241(c) must be removed or
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Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration, DOT § 192.281
repaired. Except for welds on an off- dium. Each gasket must be suitably
shore pipeline being installed from a confined and retained under compres-
pipeline vessel, a weld must be re- sion by a separate gland or follower
moved if it has a crack that is more ring.
than 8 percent of the weld length. (c) Cast iron pipe may not be joined
(b) Each weld that is repaired must by threaded joints.
have the defect removed down to sound (d) Cast iron pipe may not be joined
metal and the segment to be repaired by brazing.
must be preheated if conditions exist [35 FR 13257, Aug. 19, 1970, as amended by
which would adversely affect the qual- Amdt. 192–62, 54 FR 5628, Feb. 6, 1989]
ity of the weld repair. After repair, the
segment of the weld that was repaired § 192.277 Ductile iron pipe.
must be inspected to ensure its accept- (a) Ductile iron pipe may not be
ability. joined by threaded joints.
(c) Repair of a crack, or of any defect (b) Ductile iron pipe may not be
in a previously repaired area must be joined by brazing.
in accordance with written weld repair
procedures that have been qualified [35 FR 13257, Aug. 19, 1970, as amended by
under § 192.225. Repair procedures must Amdt. 192–62, 54 FR 5628, Feb. 6, 1989]
provide that the minimum mechanical § 192.279 Copper pipe.
properties specified for the welding
procedure used to make the original Copper pipe may not be threaded ex-
weld are met upon completion of the cept that copper pipe used for joining
final weld repair. screw fittings or valves may be thread-
ed if the wall thickness is equivalent to
[Amdt. 192–46, 48 FR 48674, Oct. 20, 1983] the comparable size of Schedule 40 or
heavier wall pipe listed in Table C1 of
Subpart F—Joining of Materials ASME/ANSI B16.5.
Other Than by Welding [Amdt. 192–62, 54 FR 5628, Feb. 6, 1989, as
amended at 58 FR 14521, Mar. 18, 1993]
§ 192.271 Scope.
(a) This subpart prescribes minimum § 192.281 Plastic pipe.
requirements for joining materials in (a) General. A plastic pipe joint that
pipelines, other than by welding. is joined by solvent cement, adhesive,
(b) This subpart does not apply to or heat fusion may not be disturbed
joining during the manufacture of pipe until it has properly set. Plastic pipe
or pipeline components. may not be joined by a threaded joint
or miter joint.
§ 192.273 General.
(b) Solvent cement joints. Each solvent
(a) The pipeline must be designed and cement joint on plastic pipe must com-
installed so that each joint will sustain ply with the following:
the longitudinal pullout or thrust (1) The mating surfaces of the joint
forces caused by contraction or expan- must be clean, dry, and free of material
sion of the piping or by anticipated ex- which might be detrimental to the
ternal or internal loading. joint.
(b) Each joint must be made in ac- (2) The solvent cement must conform
cordance with written procedures that to ASTM D2513–99, (incorporated by
have been proven by test or experience reference, see § 192.7).
to produce strong gastight joints. (3) The joint may not be heated to ac-
(c) Each joint must be inspected to celerate the setting of the cement.
insure compliance with this subpart. (c) Heat-fusion joints. Each heat-fu-
sion joint on plastic pipe must comply
§ 192.275 Cast iron pipe. with the following:
(a) Each caulked bell and spigot joint (1) A butt heat-fusion joint must be
in cast iron pipe must be sealed with joined by a device that holds the heater
mechanical leak clamps. element square to the ends of the pip-
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(b) Each mechanical joint in cast ing, compresses the heated ends to-
iron pipe must have a gasket made of a gether, and holds the pipe in proper
resilient material as the sealing me- alignment while the plastic hardens.
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§ 192.283 49 CFR Ch. I (10–1–10 Edition)
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Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration, DOT § 192.303
until the pipe is subjected to a tensile cable to the type of joint and material
stress equal to or greater than the being tested;
maximum thermal stress that would be (ii) Examined by ultrasonic inspec-
produced by a temperature change of tion and found not to contain flaws
100 °F (38 °C) or until the pipe is pulled that would cause failure; or
from the fitting. If the pipe pulls from (iii) Cut into at least 3 longitudinal
the fitting, the lowest value of the five straps, each of which is:
test results or the manufacturer’s rat- (A) Visually examined and found not
ing, whichever is lower must be used in to contain voids or discontinuities on
the design calculations for stress. the cut surfaces of the joint area; and
(6) Each specimen that fails at the (B) Deformed by bending, torque, or
grips must be retested using new pipe. impact, and if failure occurs, it must
(7) Results obtained pertain only to not initiate in the joint area.
the specific outside diameter, and ma- (c) A person must be requalified
terial of the pipe tested, except that under an applicable procedure, if dur-
testing of a heavier wall pipe may be ing any 12-month period that person:
used to qualify pipe of the same mate-
(1) Does not make any joints under
rial but with a lesser wall thickness.
that procedure; or
(c) A copy of each written procedure
being used for joining plastic pipe must (2) Has 3 joints or 3 percent of the
be available to the persons making and joints made, whichever is greater,
inspecting joints. under that procedure that are found
(d) Pipe or fittings manufactured be- unacceptable by testing under § 192.513.
fore July 1, 1980, may be used in ac- (d) Each operator shall establish a
cordance with procedures that the method to determine that each person
manufacturer certifies will produce a making joints in plastic pipelines in
joint as strong as the pipe. the operator’s system is qualified in ac-
cordance with this section.
[Amdt. 192–34A, 45 FR 9935, Feb. 14, 1980, as
amended by Amdt. 192–34B, 46 FR 39, Jan. 2, [Amdt. 192–34A, 45 FR 9935, Feb. 14, 1980, as
1981; 47 FR 32720, July 29, 1982; 47 FR 49973, amended by Amdt. 192–34B, 46 FR 39, Jan. 2,
Nov. 4, 1982; 58 FR 14521, Mar. 18, 1993; Amdt. 1981; Amdt. 192–93, 68 FR 53900, Sept. 15, 2003]
192–78, 61 FR 28784, June 6, 1996; Amdt. 192–85,
63 FR 37503, July 13, 1998; Amdt. 192–94, 69 FR § 192.287 Plastic pipe: Inspection of
32895, June 14, 2004; Amdt. 192–94, 69 FR 54592, joints.
Sept. 9, 2004; Amdt. 192–114, 75 FR 48603, Aug.
No person may carry out the inspec-
11, 2010]
tion of joints in plastic pipes required
§ 192.285 Plastic pipe: Qualifying per- by §§ 192.273(c) and 192.285(b) unless that
sons to make joints. person has been qualified by appro-
(a) No person may make a plastic priate training or experience in evalu-
pipe joint unless that person has been ating the acceptability of plastic pipe
qualified under the applicable joining joints made under the applicable join-
procedure by: ing procedure.
(1) Appropriate training or experi- [Amdt. 192–34, 44 FR 42974, July 23, 1979]
ence in the use of the procedure; and
(2) Making a specimen joint from Subpart G—General Construction
pipe sections joined according to the
procedure that passes the inspection
Requirements for Transmission
and test set forth in paragraph (b) of Lines and Mains
this section.
§ 192.301 Scope.
(b) The specimen joint must be:
(1) Visually examined during and This subpart prescribes minimum re-
after assembly or joining and found to quirements for constructing trans-
have the same appearance as a joint or mission lines and mains.
photographs of a joint that is accept-
able under the procedure; and § 192.303 Compliance with specifica-
(2) In the case of a heat fusion, sol- tions or standards.
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§ 192.305 49 CFR Ch. I (10–1–10 Edition)
standards that are consistent with this the lowest point of the dent and a pro-
part. longation of the original contour of the
pipe.
§ 192.305 Inspection: General. (c) Each arc burn on steel pipe to be
Each transmission line or main must operated at a pressure that produces a
be inspected to ensure that it is con- hoop stress of 40 percent, or more, of
structed in accordance with this part. SMYS must be repaired or removed. If
a repair is made by grinding, the arc
§ 192.307 Inspection of materials. burn must be completely removed and
Each length of pipe and each other the remaining wall thickness must be
component must be visually inspected at least equal to either:
at the site of installation to ensure (1) The minimum wall thickness re-
that it has not sustained any visually quired by the tolerances in the speci-
determinable damage that could im- fication to which the pipe was manu-
pair its serviceability. factured; or
(2) The nominal wall thickness re-
§ 192.309 Repair of steel pipe. quired for the design pressure of the
(a) Each imperfection or damage that pipeline.
impairs the serviceability of a length (d) A gouge, groove, arc burn, or dent
of steel pipe must be repaired or re- may not be repaired by insert patching
moved. If a repair is made by grinding, or by pounding out.
the remaining wall thickness must at (e) Each gouge, groove, arc burn, or
least be equal to either: dent that is removed from a length of
(1) The minimum thickness required pipe must be removed by cutting out
by the tolerances in the specification the damaged portion as a cylinder.
to which the pipe was manufactured; or [35 FR 13257, Aug. 19, 1970, as amended by
(2) The nominal wall thickness re- Amdt. 192–1, 35 FR 17660, Nov. 17, 1970; Amdt.
quired for the design pressure of the 192–85, 63 FR 37503, July 13, 1998; Amdt. 192–
pipeline. 88, 64 FR 69664, Dec. 14, 1999]
(b) Each of the following dents must
§ 192.311 Repair of plastic pipe.
be removed from steel pipe to be oper-
ated at a pressure that produces a hoop Each imperfection or damage that
stress of 20 percent, or more, of SMYS, would impair the serviceability of plas-
unless the dent is repaired by a method tic pipe must be repaired or removed.
that reliable engineering tests and [Amdt. 192–93, 68 FR 53900, Sept. 15, 2003]
analyses show can permanently restore
the serviceability of the pipe: § 192.313 Bends and elbows.
(1) A dent that contains a stress con- (a) Each field bend in steel pipe,
centrator such as a scratch, gouge, other than a wrinkle bend made in ac-
groove, or arc burn. cordance with § 192.315, must comply
(2) A dent that affects the longitu- with the following:
dinal weld or a circumferential weld. (1) A bend must not impair the serv-
(3) In pipe to be operated at a pres- iceability of the pipe.
sure that produces a hoop stress of 40 (2) Each bend must have a smooth
percent or more of SMYS, a dent that contour and be free from buckling,
has a depth of: cracks, or any other mechanical dam-
(i) More than 1⁄4 inch (6.4 millimeters) age.
in pipe 123⁄4 inches (324 millimeters) or (3) On pipe containing a longitudinal
less in outer diameter; or weld, the longitudinal weld must be as
(ii) More than 2 percent of the nomi- near as practicable to the neutral axis
nal pipe diameter in pipe over 123⁄4 of the bend unless:
inches (324 millimeters) in outer di- (i) The bend is made with an internal
ameter. bending mandrel; or
For the purpose of this section a (ii) The pipe is 12 inches (305 millime-
‘‘dent’’ is a depression that produces a ters) or less in outside diameter or has
gross disturbance in the curvature of a diameter to wall thickness ratio less
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Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration, DOT § 192.321
during bending causes a permanent de- distance from the traffic or by install-
formation in the pipe must be non- ing barricades.
destructively tested either before or (c) Pipelines, including pipe risers, on
after the bending process. each platform located offshore or in in-
(c) Wrought-steel welding elbows and land navigable waters must be pro-
transverse segments of these elbows tected from accidental damage by ves-
may not be used for changes in direc- sels.
tion on steel pipe that is 2 inches (51 [Amdt. 192–27, 41 FR 34606, Aug. 16, 1976, as
millimeters) or more in diameter un- amended by Amdt. 192–78, 61 FR 28784, June
less the arc length, as measured along 6, 1996]
the crotch, is at least 1 inch (25 milli-
meters). § 192.319 Installation of pipe in a
ditch.
[Amdt. No. 192–26, 41 FR 26018, June 24, 1976,
as amended by Amdt. 192–29, 42 FR 42866, (a) When installed in a ditch, each
Aug. 25, 1977; Amdt. 192–29, 42 FR 60148, Nov. transmission line that is to be operated
25, 1977; Amdt. 192–49, 50 FR 13225, Apr. 3, at a pressure producing a hoop stress of
1985; Amdt. 192–85, 63 FR 37503, July 13, 1998] 20 percent or more of SMYS must be
installed so that the pipe fits the ditch
§ 192.315 Wrinkle bends in steel pipe. so as to minimize stresses and protect
(a) A wrinkle bend may not be made the pipe coating from damage.
on steel pipe to be operated at a pres- (b) When a ditch for a transmission
sure that produces a hoop stress of 30 line or main is backfilled, it must be
percent, or more, of SMYS. backfilled in a manner that:
(b) Each wrinkle bend on steel pipe (1) Provides firm support under the
must comply with the following: pipe; and
(1) The bend must not have any sharp (2) Prevents damage to the pipe and
kinks. pipe coating from equipment or from
(2) When measured along the crotch the backfill material.
of the bend, the wrinkles must be a dis- (c) All offshore pipe in water at least
tance of at least one pipe diameter. 12 feet (3.7 meters) deep but not more
(3) On pipe 16 inches (406 millimeters) than 200 feet (61 meters) deep, as meas-
or larger in diameter, the bend may ured from the mean low tide, except
not have a deflection of more than 11⁄2° pipe in the Gulf of Mexico and its inlets
for each wrinkle. under 15 feet (4.6 meters) of water,
(4) On pipe containing a longitudinal must be installed so that the top of the
weld the longitudinal seam must be as pipe is below the natural bottom unless
near as practicable to the neutral axis the pipe is supported by stanchions,
of the bend. held in place by anchors or heavy con-
[35 FR 13257, Aug. 19, 1970, as amended by crete coating, or protected by an equiv-
Amdt. 192–85, 63 FR 37503, July 13, 1998] alent means. Pipe in the Gulf of Mexico
and its inlets under 15 feet (4.6 meters)
§ 192.317 Protection from hazards. of water must be installed so that the
(a) The operator must take all prac- top of the pipe is 36 inches (914 milli-
ticable steps to protect each trans- meters) below the seabed for normal
mission line or main from washouts, excavation or 18 inches (457 millime-
floods, unstable soil, landslides, or ters) for rock excavation.
other hazards that may cause the pipe- [35 FR 13257, Aug. 19, 1970, as amended by
line to move or to sustain abnormal Amdt. 192–27, 41 FR 34606, Aug. 16, 1976;
loads. In addition, the operator must Amdt. 192–78, 61 FR 28784, June 6, 1996; Amdt.
take all practicable steps to protect 192–85, 63 FR 37503, July 13, 1998]
offshore pipelines from damage by mud
slides, water currents, hurricanes, ship § 192.321 Installation of plastic pipe.
anchors, and fishing operations. (a) Plastic pipe must be installed
(b) Each aboveground transmission below ground level except as provided
line or main, not located offshore or in by paragraphs (g) and (h) of this sec-
inland navigable water areas, must be tion.
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§ 192.323 49 CFR Ch. I (10–1–10 Edition)
gas-tight metal pipe and fittings that (3) Not allowed to exceed the pipe
are adequately protected from corro- temperature limits specified in
sion. § 192.123.
(c) Plastic pipe must be installed so [35 FR 13257, Aug. 19, 1970, as amended by
as to minimize shear or tensile Amdt. 192–78, 61 FR 28784, June 6, 1996; Amdt.
stresses. 192–85, 63 FR 37503, July 13, 1998; Amdt. 192–
(d) Thermoplastic pipe that is not en- 93, 68 FR 53900, Sept. 15, 2003; Amdt. 192–94, 69
cased must have a minimum wall FR 32895, June 14, 2004]
thickness of 0.090 inch (2.29 millime-
ters), except that pipe with an outside § 192.323 Casing.
diameter of 0.875 inch (22.3 millimeters) Each casing used on a transmission
or less may have a minimum wall line or main under a railroad or high-
thickness of 0.062 inch (1.58 millime- way must comply with the following:
ters). (a) The casing must be designed to
(e) Plastic pipe that is not encased withstand the superimposed loads.
must have an electrically conducting (b) If there is a possibility of water
wire or other means of locating the entering the casing, the ends must be
pipe while it is underground. Tracer sealed.
wire may not be wrapped around the (c) If the ends of an unvented casing
pipe and contact with the pipe must be are sealed and the sealing is strong
minimized but is not prohibited. Tracer enough to retain the maximum allow-
wire or other metallic elements in- able operating pressure of the pipe, the
stalled for pipe locating purposes must casing must be designed to hold this
be resistant to corrosion damage, ei- pressure at a stress level of not more
ther by use of coated copper wire or by than 72 percent of SMYS.
other means. (d) If vents are installed on a casing,
(f) Plastic pipe that is being encased the vents must be protected from the
must be inserted into the casing pipe in weather to prevent water from enter-
a manner that will protect the plastic. ing the casing.
The leading end of the plastic must be
closed before insertion. § 192.325 Underground clearance.
(g) Uncased plastic pipe may be tem- (a) Each transmission line must be
porarily installed above ground level installed with at least 12 inches (305
under the following conditions: millimeters) of clearance from any
(1) The operator must be able to dem- other underground structure not asso-
onstrate that the cumulative above- ciated with the transmission line. If
ground exposure of the pipe does not this clearance cannot be attained, the
exceed the manufacturer’s rec- transmission line must be protected
ommended maximum period of expo- from damage that might result from
sure or 2 years, whichever is less. the proximity of the other structure.
(2) The pipe either is located where (b) Each main must be installed with
damage by external forces is unlikely enough clearance from any other un-
or is otherwise protected against such derground structure to allow proper
damage. maintenance and to protect against
(3) The pipe adequately resists expo- damage that might result from prox-
sure to ultraviolet light and high and imity to other structures.
low temperatures. (c) In addition to meeting the re-
(h) Plastic pipe may be installed on quirements of paragraph (a) or (b) of
bridges provided that it is: this section, each plastic transmission
(1) Installed with protection from line or main must be installed with suf-
mechanical damage, such as installa- ficient clearance, or must be insulated,
tion in a metallic casing; from any source of heat so as to pre-
(2) Protected from ultraviolet radi- vent the heat from impairing the serv-
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Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration, DOT § 192.328
(a) Quality assurance ............... (1) The construction of the pipeline segment must be done under a quality assurance plan ad-
dressing pipe inspection, hauling and stringing, field bending, welding, non-destructive ex-
amination of girth welds, applying and testing field applied coating, lowering of the pipeline
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§ 192.351 49 CFR Ch. I (10–1–10 Edition)
To address this construction The pipeline segment must meet this additional construction requirement:
issue:
(ii) Performed by an individual with the knowledge, skills, and ability to assure effective coating
application.
(b) Girth welds .......................... (1) All girth welds on a new pipeline segment must be non-destructively examined in accord-
ance with § 192.243(b) and (c).
(c) Depth of cover ..................... (1) Notwithstanding any lesser depth of cover otherwise allowed in § 192.327, there must be at
least 36 inches (914 millimeters) of cover or equivalent means to protect the pipeline from
outside force damage.
(2) In areas where deep tilling or other activities could threaten the pipeline, the top of the
pipeline must be installed at least one foot below the deepest expected penetration of the
soil.
(d) Initial strength testing .......... (1) The pipeline segment must not have experienced failures indicative of systemic material
defects during strength testing, including initial hydrostatic testing. A root cause analysis, in-
cluding metallurgical examination of the failed pipe, must be performed for any failure expe-
rienced to verify that it is not indicative of a systemic concern. The results of this root cause
analysis must be reported to each PHMSA pipeline safety regional office where the pipe is
in service at least 60 days prior to operating at the alternative MAOP. An operator must also
notify a State pipeline safety authority when the pipeline is located in a State where PHMSA
has an interstate agent agreement, or an intrastate pipeline is regulated by that State.
(e) Interference currents ........... (1) For a new pipeline segment, the construction must address the impacts of induced alter-
nating current from parallel electric transmission lines and other known sources of potential
interference with corrosion control.
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Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration, DOT § 192.363
§ 192.357 Customer meters and regu- so as to drain into the main or into
lators: Installation. drips at the low points in the service
(a) Each meter and each regulator line.
must be installed so as to minimize an- (d) Protection against piping strain and
ticipated stresses upon the connecting external loading. Each service line must
piping and the meter. be installed so as to minimize antici-
(b) When close all-thread nipples are pated piping strain and external load-
used, the wall thickness remaining ing.
after the threads are cut must meet (e) Installation of service lines into
the minimum wall thickness require- buildings. Each underground service
ments of this part. line installed below grade through the
(c) Connections made of lead or other outer foundation wall of a building
easily damaged material may not be must:
used in the installation of meters or (1) In the case of a metal service line,
regulators. be protected against corrosion;
(d) Each regulator that might release (2) In the case of a plastic service
gas in its operation must be vented to line, be protected from shearing action
the outside atmosphere. and backfill settlement; and
(3) Be sealed at the foundation wall
§ 192.359 Customer meter installations:
Operating pressure. to prevent leakage into the building.
(f) Installation of service lines under
(a) A meter may not be used at a buildings. Where an underground serv-
pressure that is more than 67 percent ice line is installed under a building:
of the manufacturer’s shell test pres-
(1) It must be encased in a gas tight
sure.
conduit;
(b) Each newly installed meter manu-
factured after November 12, 1970, must (2) The conduit and the service line
have been tested to a minimum of 10 must, if the service line supplies the
p.s.i. (69 kPa) gage. building it underlies, extend into a nor-
(c) A rebuilt or repaired tinned steel mally usable and accessible part of the
case meter may not be used at a pres- building; and
sure that is more than 50 percent of the (3) The space between the conduit
pressure used to test the meter after and the service line must be sealed to
rebuilding or repairing. prevent gas leakage into the building
and, if the conduit is sealed at both
[35 FR 13257, Aug. 19, 1970, as amended by ends, a vent line from the annular
Amdt. 192–1, 35 FR 17660, Nov. 17, 1970; Amdt.
space must extend to a point where gas
192–85, 63 FR 37503, July 13, 1998]
would not be a hazard, and extend
§ 192.361 Service lines: Installation. above grade, terminating in a rain and
insect resistant fitting.
(a) Depth. Each buried service line
must be installed with at least 12 (g) Locating underground service lines.
inches (305 millimeters) of cover in pri- Each underground nonmetallic service
vate property and at least 18 inches line that is not encased must have a
(457 millimeters) of cover in streets and means of locating the pipe that com-
roads. However, where an underground plies with § 192.321(e).
structure prevents installation at [35 FR 13257, Aug. 19, 1970, as amended by
those depths, the service line must be Amdt. 192–75, 61 FR 18517, Apr. 26, 1996; Amdt.
able to withstand any anticipated ex- 192–85, 63 FR 37503, July 13, 1998; Amdt. 192–
ternal load. 93, 68 FR 53900, Sept. 15, 2003]
(b) Support and backfill. Each service
line must be properly supported on un- § 192.363 Service lines: Valve require-
disturbed or well-compacted soil, and ments.
material used for backfill must be free (a) Each service line must have a
of materials that could damage the service-line valve that meets the appli-
pipe or its coating. cable requirements of subparts B and D
(c) Grading for drainage. Where con- of this part. A valve incorporated in a
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densate in the gas might cause inter- meter bar, that allows the meter to be
ruption in the gas supply to the cus- bypassed, may not be used as a service-
tomer, the service line must be graded line valve.
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§ 192.365 49 CFR Ch. I (10–1–10 Edition)
(b) A soft seat service line valve may § 192.369 Service lines: Connections to
not be used if its ability to control the cast iron or ductile iron mains.
flow of gas could be adversely affected (a) Each service line connected to a
by exposure to anticipated heat. cast iron or ductile iron main must be
(c) Each service-line valve on a high- connected by a mechanical clamp, by
pressure service line, installed above drilling and tapping the main, or by
ground or in an area where the blowing another method meeting the require-
of gas would be hazardous, must be de- ments of § 192.273.
signed and constructed to minimize the (b) If a threaded tap is being inserted,
possibility of the removal of the core of the requirements of § 192.151 (b) and (c)
the valve with other than specialized must also be met.
tools.
§ 192.371 Service lines: Steel.
§ 192.365 Service lines: Location of Each steel service line to be operated
valves.
at less than 100 p.s.i. (689 kPa) gage
(a) Relation to regulator or meter. Each must be constructed of pipe designed
service-line valve must be installed up- for a minimum of 100 p.s.i. (689 kPa)
stream of the regulator or, if there is gage.
no regulator, upstream of the meter. [Amdt. 192–1, 35 FR 17660, Nov. 17, 1970, as
(b) Outside valves. Each service line amended by Amdt. 192–85, 63 FR 37503, July
must have a shut-off valve in a readily 13, 1998]
accessible location that, if feasible, is
outside of the building. § 192.373 Service lines: Cast iron and
(c) Underground valves. Each under- ductile iron.
ground service-line valve must be lo- (a) Cast or ductile iron pipe less than
cated in a covered durable curb box or 6 inches (152 millimeters) in diameter
standpipe that allows ready operation may not be installed for service lines.
of the valve and is supported independ- (b) If cast iron pipe or ductile iron
ently of the service lines. pipe is installed for use as a service
line, the part of the service line which
§ 192.367 Service lines: General re- extends through the building wall must
quirements for connections to main be of steel pipe.
piping. (c) A cast iron or ductile iron service
(a) Location. Each service line con- line may not be installed in unstable
nection to a main must be located at soil or under a building.
the top of the main or, if that is not [35 FR 13257, Aug. 19, 1970, as amended by
practical, at the side of the main, un- Amdt. 192–85, 63 FR 37503, July 13, 1998]
less a suitable protective device is in-
stalled to minimize the possibility of § 192.375 Service lines: Plastic.
dust and moisture being carried from (a) Each plastic service line outside a
the main into the service line. building must be installed below
(b) Compression-type connection to ground level, except that—
main. Each compression-type service (1) It may be installed in accordance
line to main connection must: with § 192.321(g); and
(1) Be designed and installed to effec- (2) It may terminate above ground
tively sustain the longitudinal pull-out level and outside the building, if—
or thrust forces caused by contraction (i) The above ground level part of the
or expansion of the piping, or by antici- plastic service line is protected against
pated external or internal loading; and deterioration and external damage; and
(2) If gaskets are used in connecting (ii) The plastic service line is not
the service line to the main connection used to support external loads.
fitting, have gaskets that are compat- (b) Each plastic service line inside a
ible with the kind of gas in the system. building must be protected against ex-
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ternal damage.
[35 FR 13257, Aug. 19, 1970, as amended by
Amdt. 192–75, 61 FR 18517, Apr. 26, 1996] [35 FR 13257, Aug. 19, 1970, as amended by
Amdt. 192–78, 61 FR 28785, June 6, 1996]
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Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration, DOT § 192.383
§ 192.377 Service lines: Copper. cubic feet per hour (.01 cubic meters
per hour); and
Each copper service line installed
within a building must be protected (4) Not close when the pressure is less
against external damage. than the manufacturer’s minimum
specified operating pressure and the
§ 192.379 New service lines not in use. flow rate is below the manufacturer’s
minimum specified closure flow rate.
Each service line that is not placed
in service upon completion of installa- (b) An excess flow valve must meet
tion must comply with one of the fol- the applicable requirements of Sub-
lowing until the customer is supplied parts B and D of this part.
with gas: (c) An operator must mark or other-
(a) The valve that is closed to pre- wise identify the presence of an excess
vent the flow of gas to the customer flow valve in the service line.
must be provided with a locking device (d) An operator shall locate an excess
or other means designed to prevent the flow valve as near as practical to the
opening of the valve by persons other fitting connecting the service line to
than those authorized by the operator. its source of gas supply.
(b) A mechanical device or fitting (e) An operator should not install an
that will prevent the flow of gas must excess flow valve on a service line
be installed in the service line or in the where the operator has prior experi-
meter assembly. ence with contaminants in the gas
(c) The customer’s piping must be stream, where these contaminants
physically disconnected from the gas could be expected to cause the excess
supply and the open pipe ends sealed. flow valve to malfunction or where the
excess flow valve would interfere with
[Amdt. 192–8, 37 FR 20694, Oct. 3, 1972] necessary operation and maintenance
activities on the service, such as blow-
§ 192.381 Service lines: Excess flow
valve performance standards. ing liquids from the line.
(a) Excess flow valves to be used on [Amdt. 192–79, 61 FR 31459, June 20, 1996, as
single residence service lines that oper- amended by Amdt. 192–80, 62 FR 2619, Jan. 17,
ate continuously throughout the year 1997; Amdt. 192–85, 63 FR 37504, July 13, 1998]
at a pressure not less than 10 p.s.i. (69
§ 192.383 Excess flow valve installa-
kPa) gage must be manufactured and tion.
tested by the manufacturer according
to an industry specification, or the (a) Definitions. As used in this sec-
manufacturer’s written specification, tion:
to ensure that each valve will: Replaced service line means a gas serv-
(1) Function properly up to the max- ice line where the fitting that connects
imum operating pressure at which the the service line to the main is replaced
valve is rated; or the piping connected to this fitting
(2) Function properly at all tempera- is replaced.
tures reasonably expected in the oper- Service line serving single-family resi-
ating environment of the service line; dence means a gas service line that be-
(3) At 10 p.s.i. (69 kPa) gage: gins at the fitting that connects the
(i) Close at, or not more than 50 per- service line to the main and serves
cent above, the rated closure flow rate only one single-family residence.
specified by the manufacturer; and (b) Installation required. An excess
(ii) Upon closure, reduce gas flow— flow valve (EFV) installation must
(A) For an excess flow valve designed comply with the performance stand-
to allow pressure to equalize across the ards in § 192.381. The operator must in-
valve, to no more than 5 percent of the stall an EFV on any new or replaced
manufacturer’s specified closure flow service line serving a single-family res-
rate, up to a maximum of 20 cubic feet idence after February 12, 2010, unless
per hour (0.57 cubic meters per hour); one or more of the following conditions
or is present:
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(B) For an excess flow valve designed (1) The service line does not operate
to prevent equalization of pressure at a pressure of 10 psig or greater
across the valve, to no more than 0.4 throughout the year;
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§ 192.451 49 CFR Ch. I (10–1–10 Edition)
(2) The operator has prior experience (b) Regulated onshore gathering lines.
with contaminants in the gas stream For any regulated onshore gathering
that could interfere with the EFV’s op- line under § 192.9 existing on April 14,
eration or cause loss of service to a res- 2006, that was not previously subject to
idence; this part, and for any onshore gath-
(3) An EFV could interfere with nec- ering line that becomes a regulated on-
essary operation or maintenance ac- shore gathering line under § 192.9 after
tivities, such as blowing liquids from April 14, 2006, because of a change in
the line; or class location or increase in dwelling
(4) An EFV meeting performance density:
standards in § 192.381 is not commer- (1) The requirements of this subpart
cially available to the operator. specifically applicable to pipelines in-
(c) Reporting. Each operator must, on stalled before August 1, 1971, apply to
an annual basis, report the number of the gathering line regardless of the
EFVs installed pursuant to this section date the pipeline was actually in-
as part of the annual report required stalled; and
by § 191.11. (2) The requirements of this subpart
specifically applicable to pipelines in-
[Amdt. 192–113, 74 FR 63934, Dec. 4, 2009, as stalled after July 31, 1971, apply only if
amended at 75 FR 5244, Feb. 2, 2010]
the pipeline substantially meets those
requirements.
Subpart I—Requirements for
[Amdt. 192–30, 42 FR 60148, Nov. 25, 1977, as
Corrosion Control amended by Amdt. 192–102, 71 FR 13303, Mar.
15, 2006]
SOURCE: Amdt. 192–4, 36 FR 12302, June 30,
1971, unless otherwise noted. § 192.453 General.
The corrosion control procedures re-
§ 192.451 Scope. quired by § 192.605(b)(2), including those
(a) This subpart prescribes minimum for the design, installation, operation,
requirements for the protection of me- and maintenance of cathodic protec-
tallic pipelines from external, internal, tion systems, must be carried out by,
and atmospheric corrosion. or under the direction of, a person
(b) [Reserved] qualified in pipeline corrosion control
methods.
[Amdt. 192–4, 36 FR 12302, June 30, 1971, as
amended by Amdt. 192–27, 41 FR 34606, Aug. [Amdt. 192–71, 59 FR 6584, Feb. 11, 1994]
16, 1976; Amdt. 192–33, 43 FR 39389, Sept. 5,
1978] § 192.455 External corrosion control:
Buried or submerged pipelines in-
§ 192.452 How does this subpart apply stalled after July 31, 1971.
to converted pipelines and regu- (a) Except as provided in paragraphs
lated onshore gathering lines?
(b), (c), and (f) of this section, each bur-
(a) Converted pipelines. Notwith- ied or submerged pipeline installed
standing the date the pipeline was in- after July 31, 1971, must be protected
stalled or any earlier deadlines for against external corrosion, including
compliance, each pipeline which quali- the following:
fies for use under this part in accord- (1) It must have an external protec-
ance with § 192.14 must meet the re- tive coating meeting the requirements
quirements of this subpart specifically of § 192.461.
applicable to pipelines installed before (2) It must have a cathodic protec-
August 1, 1971, and all other applicable tion system designed to protect the
requirements within 1 year after the pipeline in accordance with this sub-
pipeline is readied for service. How- part, installed and placed in operation
ever, the requirements of this subpart within 1 year after completion of con-
specifically applicable to pipelines in- struction.
stalled after July 31, 1971, apply if the (b) An operator need not comply with
pipeline substantially meets those re- paragraph (a) of this section, if the op-
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quirements before it is readied for serv- erator can demonstrate by tests, inves-
ice or it is a segment which is replaced, tigation, or experience in the area of
relocated, or substantially altered. application, including, as a minimum,
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Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration, DOT § 192.459
soil resistivity measurements and tests (2) The fitting is designed to prevent
for corrosion accelerating bacteria, leakage caused by localized corrosion
that a corrosive environment does not pitting.
exist. However, within 6 months after [Amdt. 192–4, 36 FR 12302, June 30, 1971, as
an installation made pursuant to the amended at Amdt. 192–28, 42 FR 35654, July
preceding sentence, the operator shall 11, 1977; Amdt. 192–39, 47 FR 9844, Mar. 8, 1982;
conduct tests, including pipe-to-soil Amdt. 192–78, 61 FR 28785, June 6, 1996; Amdt.
potential measurements with respect 192–85, 63 FR 37504, July 13, 1998]
to either a continuous reference elec- § 192.457 External corrosion control:
trode or an electrode using close spac- Buried or submerged pipelines in-
ing, not to exceed 20 feet (6 meters), stalled before August 1, 1971.
and soil resistivity measurements at (a) Except for buried piping at com-
potential profile peak locations, to pressor, regulator, and measuring sta-
adequately evaluate the potential pro- tions, each buried or submerged trans-
file along the entire pipeline. If the mission line installed before August 1,
tests made indicate that a corrosive 1971, that has an effective external
condition exists, the pipeline must be coating must be cathodically protected
cathodically protected in accordance along the entire area that is effectively
with paragraph (a)(2) of this section. coated, in accordance with this sub-
(c) An operator need not comply with part. For the purposes of this subpart,
paragraph (a) of this section, if the op- a pipeline does not have an effective
erator can demonstrate by tests, inves- external coating if its cathodic protec-
tigation, or experience that— tion current requirements are substan-
(1) For a copper pipeline, a corrosive tially the same as if it were bare. The
environment does not exist; or operator shall make tests to determine
(2) For a temporary pipeline with an the cathodic protection current re-
operating period of service not to ex- quirements.
ceed 5 years beyond installation, corro- (b) Except for cast iron or ductile
iron, each of the following buried or
sion during the 5-year period of service
submerged pipelines installed before
of the pipeline will not be detrimental
August 1, 1971, must be cathodically
to public safety.
protected in accordance with this sub-
(d) Notwithstanding the provisions of part in areas in which active corrosion
paragraph (b) or (c) of this section, if a is found:
pipeline is externally coated, it must (1) Bare or ineffectively coated trans-
be cathodically protected in accord- mission lines.
ance with paragraph (a)(2) of this sec- (2) Bare or coated pipes at com-
tion. pressor, regulator, and measuring sta-
(e) Aluminum may not be installed in tions.
a buried or submerged pipeline if that (3) Bare or coated distribution lines.
aluminum is exposed to an environ-
[Amdt. 192–4, 36 FR 12302, June 30, 1971, as
ment with a natural pH in excess of 8, amended by Amdt. 192–33, 43 FR 39390, Sept.
unless tests or experience indicate its 5, 1978; Amdt. 192–93, 68 FR 53900, Sept. 15,
suitability in the particular environ- 2003]
ment involved.
(f) This section does not apply to § 192.459 External corrosion control:
Examination of buried pipeline
electrically isolated, metal alloy fit- when exposed.
tings in plastic pipelines, if:
(1) For the size fitting to be used, an Whenever an operator has knowledge
operator can show by test, investiga- that any portion of a buried pipeline is
exposed, the exposed portion must be
tion, or experience in the area of appli-
examined for evidence of external cor-
cation that adequate corrosion control
rosion if the pipe is bare, or if the coat-
is provided by the alloy composition; ing is deteriorated. If external corro-
and sion requiring remedial action under
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§ 192.461 49 CFR Ch. I (10–1–10 Edition)
exposed portion (by visual examina- (b) If amphoteric metals are included
tion, indirect method, or both) to de- in a buried or submerged pipeline con-
termine whether additional corrosion taining a metal of different anodic po-
requiring remedial action exists in the tential—
vicinity of the exposed portion. (1) The amphoteric metals must be
[Amdt. 192–87, 64 FR 56981, Oct. 22, 1999] electrically isolated from the remain-
der of the pipeline and cathodically
§ 192.461 External corrosion control: protected; or
Protective coating. (2) The entire buried or submerged
(a) Each external protective coating, pipeline must be cathodically pro-
whether conductive or insulating, ap- tected at a cathodic potential that
plied for the purpose of external corro- meets the requirements of appendix D
sion control must— of this part for amphoteric metals.
(1) Be applied on a properly prepared (c) The amount of cathodic protec-
surface; tion must be controlled so as not to
(2) Have sufficient adhesion to the damage the protective coating or the
metal surface to effectively resist pipe.
underfilm migration of moisture;
(3) Be sufficiently ductile to resist § 192.465 External corrosion control:
cracking; Monitoring.
(4) Have sufficient strength to resist (a) Each pipeline that is under ca-
damage due to handling and soil stress; thodic protection must be tested at
and least once each calendar year, but with
(5) Have properties compatible with intervals not exceeding 15 months, to
any supplemental cathodic protection. determine whether the cathodic protec-
(b) Each external protective coating tion meets the requirements of
which is an electrically insulating type § 192.463. However, if tests at those in-
must also have low moisture absorp- tervals are impractical for separately
tion and high electrical resistance. protected short sections of mains or
(c) Each external protective coating transmission lines, not in excess of 100
must be inspected just prior to low- feet (30 meters), or separately pro-
ering the pipe into the ditch and back- tected service lines, these pipelines
filling, and any damage detrimental to
may be surveyed on a sampling basis.
effective corrosion control must be re-
At least 10 percent of these protected
paired.
structures, distributed over the entire
(d) Each external protective coating
system must be surveyed each calendar
must be protected from damage result-
year, with a different 10 percent
ing from adverse ditch conditions or
checked each subsequent year, so that
damage from supporting blocks.
the entire system is tested in each 10–
(e) If coated pipe is installed by bor-
ing, driving, or other similar method, year period.
precautions must be taken to minimize (b) Each cathodic protection rectifier
damage to the coating during installa- or other impressed current power
tion. source must be inspected six times
each calendar year, but with intervals
§ 192.463 External corrosion control: not exceeding 21⁄2 months, to insure
Cathodic protection. that it is operating.
(a) Each cathodic protection system (c) Each reverse current switch, each
required by this subpart must provide a diode, and each interference bond
level of cathodic protection that com- whose failure would jeopardize struc-
plies with one or more of the applicable ture protection must be electrically
criteria contained in appendix D of this checked for proper performance six
part. If none of these criteria is appli- times each calendar year, but with in-
cable, the cathodic protection system tervals not exceeding 21⁄2 months. Each
must provide a level of cathodic pro- other interference bond must be
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tection at least equal to that provided checked at least once each calendar
by compliance with one or more of year, but with intervals not exceeding
these criteria. 15 months.
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Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration, DOT § 192.473
(d) Each operator shall take prompt precautions are taken to prevent arc-
remedial action to correct any defi- ing.
ciencies indicated by the monitoring. (f) Where a pipeline is located in
(e) After the initial evaluation re- close proximity to electrical trans-
quired by §§ 192.455(b) and (c) and mission tower footings, ground cables
192.457(b), each operator must, not less or counterpoise, or in other areas
than every 3 years at intervals not ex- where fault currents or unusual risk of
ceeding 39 months, reevaluate its un- lightning may be anticipated, it must
protected pipelines and cathodically be provided with protection against
protect them in accordance with this damage due to fault currents or light-
subpart in areas in which active corro- ning, and protective measures must
sion is found. The operator must deter- also be taken at insulating devices.
mine the areas of active corrosion by [Amdt. 192–4, 36 FR 12302, June 30, 1971, as
electrical survey. However, on distribu- amended by Amdt. 192–33, 43 FR 39390, Sept.
tion lines and where an electrical sur- 5, 1978]
vey is impractical on transmission
lines, areas of active corrosion may be § 192.469 External corrosion control:
determined by other means that in- Test stations.
clude review and analysis of leak re- Each pipeline under cathodic protec-
pair and inspection records, corrosion tion required by this subpart must
monitoring records, exposed pipe in- have sufficient test stations or other
spection records, and the pipeline envi- contact points for electrical measure-
ronment. ment to determine the adequacy of ca-
[Amdt. 192–4, 36 FR 12302, June 30, 1971, as thodic protection.
amended by Amdt. 192–33, 43 FR 39390, Sept. [Amdt. 192–27, 41 FR 34606, Aug. 16, 1976]
5, 1978; Amdt. 192–35A, 45 FR 23441, Apr. 7,
1980; Amdt. 192–85, 63 FR 37504, July 13, 1998; § 192.471 External corrosion control:
Amdt. 192–93, 68 FR 53900, Sept. 15, 2003; Test leads.
Amdt. 192–114, 75 FR 48603, Aug. 11, 2010]
(a) Each test lead wire must be con-
§ 192.467 External corrosion control: nected to the pipeline so as to remain
Electrical isolation. mechanically secure and electrically
(a) Each buried or submerged pipe- conductive.
line must be electrically isolated from (b) Each test lead wire must be at-
other underground metallic structures, tached to the pipeline so as to mini-
unless the pipeline and the other struc- mize stress concentration on the pipe.
tures are electrically interconnected (c) Each bared test lead wire and
and cathodically protected as a single bared metallic area at point of connec-
unit. tion to the pipeline must be coated
(b) One or more insulating devices with an electrical insulating material
must be installed where electrical iso- compatible with the pipe coating and
lation of a portion of a pipeline is nec- the insulation on the wire.
essary to facilitate the application of
corrosion control. § 192.473 External corrosion control:
Interference currents.
(c) Except for unprotected copper in-
serted in ferrous pipe, each pipeline (a) Each operator whose pipeline sys-
must be electrically isolated from me- tem is subjected to stray currents shall
tallic casings that are a part of the un- have in effect a continuing program to
derground system. However, if isola- minimize the detrimental effects of
tion is not achieved because it is im- such currents.
practical, other measures must be (b) Each impressed current type ca-
taken to minimize corrosion of the thodic protection system or galvanic
pipeline inside the casing. anode system must be designed and in-
(d) Inspection and electrical tests stalled so as to minimize any adverse
must be made to assure that electrical effects on existing adjacent under-
isolation is adequate. ground metallic structures.
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(e) An insulating device may not be [Amdt. 192–4, 36 FR 12302, June 30, 1971, as
installed in an area where a combus- amended by Amdt. 192–33, 43 FR 39390, Sept.
tible atmosphere is anticipated unless 5, 1978]
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§ 192.475 49 CFR Ch. I (10–1–10 Edition)
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Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration, DOT § 192.487
iron pipe, each segment of buried or thickness less than 30 percent of the
submerged pipe that is required to be nominal wall thickness, must be re-
repaired because of external corrosion placed. However, corroded pipe may be
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§ 192.489 49 CFR Ch. I (10–1–10 Edition)
2 In § 192.925(b), the provision regarding detection of coat-
repaired by a method that reliable en- ing damage applies only to pipelines subject to subpart O of
gineering tests and analyses show can this part.
permanently restore the serviceability
of the pipe. Corrosion pitting so closely [Amdt. 192–101, 70 FR 61575, Oct. 25, 2005]
grouped as to affect the overall
strength of the pipe is considered gen- § 192.491 Corrosion control records.
eral corrosion for the purpose of this (a) Each operator shall maintain
paragraph. records or maps to show the location of
(b) Localized corrosion pitting. Except cathodically protected piping, cathodic
for cast iron or ductile iron pipe, each protection facilities, galvanic anodes,
segment of distribution line pipe with and neighboring structures bonded to
localized corrosion pitting to a degree the cathodic protection system.
where leakage might result must be re- Records or maps showing a stated num-
placed or repaired. ber of anodes, installed in a stated
[Amdt. 192–4, 36 FR 12302, June 30, 1971, as manner or spacing, need not show spe-
amended by Amdt. 192–88, 64 FR 69665, Dec. cific distances to each buried anode.
14, 1999] (b) Each record or map required by
paragraph (a) of this section must be
§ 192.489 Remedial measures: Cast retained for as long as the pipeline re-
iron and ductile iron pipelines. mains in service.
(a) General graphitization. Each seg- (c) Each operator shall maintain a
ment of cast iron or ductile iron pipe record of each test, survey, or inspec-
on which general graphitization is tion required by this subpart in suffi-
found to a degree where a fracture or cient detail to demonstrate the ade-
any leakage might result, must be re- quacy of corrosion control measures or
placed. that a corrosive condition does not
(b) Localized graphitization. Each seg- exist. These records must be retained
ment of cast iron or ductile iron pipe for at least 5 years, except that records
on which localized graphitization is related to §§ 192.465 (a) and (e) and
found to a degree where any leakage 192.475(b) must be retained for as long
might result, must be replaced or re- as the pipeline remains in service.
paired, or sealed by internal sealing
methods adequate to prevent or arrest [Amdt. 192–78, 61 FR 28785, June 6, 1996]
any leakage.
Subpart J—Test Requirements
§ 192.490 Direct assessment.
Each operator that uses direct as- § 192.501 Scope.
sessment as defined in § 192.903 on an This subpart prescribes minimum
onshore transmission line made pri- leak-test and strength-test require-
marily of steel or iron to evaluate the ments for pipelines.
effects of a threat in the first column
must carry out the direct assessment § 192.503 General requirements.
according to the standard listed in the (a) No person may operate a new seg-
second column. These standards do not ment of pipeline, or return to service a
apply to methods associated with di- segment of pipeline that has been relo-
rect assessment, such as close interval cated or replaced, until—
surveys, voltage gradient surveys, or (1) It has been tested in accordance
examination of exposed pipelines, when with this subpart and § 192.619 to sub-
used separately from the direct assess- stantiate the maximum allowable oper-
ment process. ating pressure; and
Threat Standard 1 (2) Each potentially hazardous leak
has been located and eliminated.
External corrosion ..................................... § 192.925 2
Internal corrosion in pipelines that trans- § 192.927 (b) The test medium must be liquid,
port dry gas. air, natural gas, or inert gas that is—
Stress corrosion cracking ......................... § 192.929 (1) Compatible with the material of
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1 For lines not subject to subpart O of this part, the terms which the pipeline is constructed;
‘‘covered segment’’ and ‘‘covered pipeline segment’’ in
§§ 192.925, 192.927, and 192.929 refer to the pipeline seg- (2) Relatively free of sedimentary
ment on which direct assessment is performed. materials; and
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Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration, DOT § 192.507
(3) Except for natural gas, nonflam- (c) Except as provided in paragraph
mable. (e) of this section, the strength test
(c) Except as provided in § 192.505(a), must be conducted by maintaining the
if air, natural gas, or inert gas is used pressure at or above the test pressure
as the test medium, the following max- for at least 8 hours.
imum hoop stress limitations apply: (d) If a component other than pipe is
the only item being replaced or added
Maximum hoop stress allowed as per- to a pipeline, a strength test after in-
centage of SMYS
Class location stallation is not required, if the manu-
Natural gas Air or inert gas facturer of the component certifies
1 ......................... 80 80 that—
2 ......................... 30 75 (1) The component was tested to at
3 ......................... 30 50 least the pressure required for the pipe-
4 ......................... 30 40 line to which it is being added;
(2) The component was manufactured
(d) Each joint used to tie in a test under a quality control system that en-
segment of pipeline is excepted from sures that each item manufactured is
the specific test requirements of this at least equal in strength to a proto-
subpart, but each non-welded joint type and that the prototype was tested
must be leak tested at not less than its to at least the pressure required for the
operating pressure. pipeline to which it is being added; or
[35 FR 13257, Aug. 19, 1970, as amended by (3) The component carries a pressure
Amdt. 192–58, 53 FR 1635, Jan. 21, 1988; Amdt. rating established through applicable
192–60, 53 FR 36029, Sept. 16, 1988; Amdt. 192– ASME/ANSI, MSS specifications, or by
60A, 54 FR 5485, Feb. 3, 1989] unit strength calculations as described
in § 192.143.
§ 192.505 Strength test requirements (e) For fabricated units and short
for steel pipeline to operate at a sections of pipe, for which a post in-
hoop stress of 30 percent or more of stallation test is impractical, a pre-
SMYS.
installation strength test must be con-
(a) Except for service lines, each seg- ducted by maintaining the pressure at
ment of a steel pipeline that is to oper- or above the test pressure for at least
ate at a hoop stress of 30 percent or 4 hours.
more of SMYS must be strength tested
[35 FR 13257, Aug. 19, 1970, as amended by
in accordance with this section to sub-
Amdt. 192–85, 63 FR 37504, July 13, 1998;
stantiate the proposed maximum al- Amdt. 192–94, 69 FR 32895, June 14, 2004;
lowable operating pressure. In addi- Amdt. 195–94, 69 FR 54592, Sept. 9, 2004]
tion, in a Class 1 or Class 2 location, if
there is a building intended for human § 192.507 Test requirements for pipe-
occupancy within 300 feet (91 meters) of lines to operate at a hoop stress less
a pipeline, a hydrostatic test must be than 30 percent of SMYS and at or
conducted to a test pressure of at least above 100 p.s.i. (689 kPa) gage.
125 percent of maximum operating Except for service lines and plastic
pressure on that segment of the pipe- pipelines, each segment of a pipeline
line within 300 feet (91 meters) of such that is to be operated at a hoop stress
a building, but in no event may the less than 30 percent of SMYS and at or
test section be less than 600 feet (183 above 100 p.s.i. (689 kPa) gage must be
meters) unless the length of the newly tested in accordance with the fol-
installed or relocated pipe is less than lowing:
600 feet (183 meters). However, if the (a) The pipeline operator must use a
buildings are evacuated while the hoop test procedure that will ensure dis-
stress exceeds 50 percent of SMYS, air covery of all potentially hazardous
or inert gas may be used as the test leaks in the segment being tested.
medium. (b) If, during the test, the segment is
(b) In a Class 1 or Class 2 location, to be stressed to 20 percent or more of
each compressor station regulator sta- SMYS and natural gas, inert gas, or air
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§ 192.509 49 CFR Ch. I (10–1–10 Edition)
gage and the pressure required to that each segment of a steel service
produce a hoop stress of 20 percent of line stressed to 20 percent or more of
SMYS; or SMYS must be tested in accordance
(2) The line must be walked to check with § 192.507 of this subpart.
for leaks while the hoop stress is held
at approximately 20 percent of SMYS. [35 FR 13257, Aug. 19, 1970, as amended by
Amdt. 192–74, 61 FR 18517, Apr. 26, 1996; Amdt
(c) The pressure must be maintained
192–85, 63 FR 37504, July 13, 1998]
at or above the test pressure for at
least 1 hour. § 192.513 Test requirements for plastic
[35 FR 13257, Aug. 19, 1970, as amended by pipelines.
Amdt. 192–58, 53 FR 1635, Jan. 21, 1988; Amdt.
(a) Each segment of a plastic pipeline
192–85, 63 FR 37504, July 13, 1998]
must be tested in accordance with this
§ 192.509 Test requirements for pipe- section.
lines to operate below 100 p.s.i. (689 (b) The test procedure must insure
kPa) gage. discovery of all potentially hazardous
Except for service lines and plastic leaks in the segment being tested.
pipelines, each segment of a pipeline (c) The test pressure must be at least
that is to be operated below 100 p.s.i. 150 percent of the maximum operating
(689 kPa) gage must be leak tested in pressure or 50 p.s.i. (345 kPa) gage,
accordance with the following: whichever is greater. However, the
(a) The test procedure used must en- maximum test pressure may not be
sure discovery of all potentially haz- more than three times the pressure de-
ardous leaks in the segment being test- termined under § 192.121, at a tempera-
ed. ture not less than the pipe temperature
(b) Each main that is to be operated during the test.
at less than 1 p.s.i. (6.9 kPa) gage must (d) During the test, the temperature
be tested to at least 10 p.s.i. (69 kPa) of thermoplastic material may not be
gage and each main to be operated at more than 100 °F (38 °C), or the tem-
or above 1 p.s.i. (6.9 kPa) gage must be perature at which the material’s long-
tested to at least 90 p.s.i. (621 kPa) term hydrostatic strength has been de-
gage. termined under the listed specification,
[35 FR 13257, Aug. 19, 1970, as amended by whichever is greater.
Amdt. 192–58, 53 FR 1635, Jan. 21, 1988; Amdt.
192–85, 63 FR 37504, July 13, 1998] [35 FR 13257, Aug. 19, 1970, as amended by
Amdt. 192–77, 61 FR 27793, June 3, 1996; 61 FR
§ 192.511 Test requirements for service 45905, Aug. 30, 1996; Amdt. 192–85, 63 FR 37504,
lines. July 13, 1998]
(a) Each segment of a service line § 192.515 Environmental protection
(other than plastic) must be leak test- and safety requirements.
ed in accordance with this section be-
fore being placed in service. If feasible, (a) In conducting tests under this
the service line connection to the main subpart, each operator shall insure
must be included in the test; if not fea- that every reasonable precaution is
sible, it must be given a leakage test at taken to protect its employees and the
the operating pressure when placed in general public during the testing.
service. Whenever the hoop stress of the seg-
(b) Each segment of a service line ment of the pipeline being tested will
(other than plastic) intended to be op- exceed 50 percent of SMYS, the oper-
erated at a pressure of at least 1 p.s.i. ator shall take all practicable steps to
(6.9 kPa) gage but not more than 40 keep persons not working on the test-
p.s.i. (276 kPa) gage must be given a ing operation outside of the testing
leak test at a pressure of not less than area until the pressure is reduced to or
50 p.s.i. (345 kPa) gage. below the proposed maximum allow-
(c) Each segment of a service line able operating pressure.
(other than plastic) intended to be op- (b) The operator shall insure that the
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Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration, DOT § 192.555
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§ 192.557 49 CFR Ch. I (10–1–10 Edition)
constructed before September 12, 1970, SMYS and that is above the previously
to the highest pressure that is per- established maximum allowable oper-
mitted under § 192.619, using as test ating pressure; or
pressure the highest pressure to which (2) A plastic, cast iron, or ductile
the segment of pipeline was previously iron pipeline segment to an operating
subjected (either in a strength test or pressure that is above the previously
in actual operation). established maximum allowable oper-
(d) After complying with paragraph ating pressure.
(b) of this section, an operator that (b) Before increasing operating pres-
does not qualify under paragraph (c) of sure above the previously established
this section may increase the pre- maximum allowable operating pres-
viously established maximum allow- sure, the operator shall:
able operating pressure if at least one (1) Review the design, operating, and
of the following requirements is met: maintenance history of the segment of
(1) The segment of pipeline is suc- pipeline;
cessfully tested in accordance with the
(2) Make a leakage survey (if it has
requirements of this part for a new line
been more than 1 year since the last
of the same material in the same loca-
survey) and repair any leaks that are
tion.
found, except that a leak determined
(2) An increased maximum allowable
not to be potentially hazardous need
operating pressure may be established
not be repaired, if it is monitored dur-
for a segment of pipeline in a Class 1
ing the pressure increase and it does
location if the line has not previously
not become potentially hazardous;
been tested, and if:
(i) It is impractical to test it in ac- (3) Make any repairs, replacements,
cordance with the requirements of this or alterations in the segment of pipe-
part; line that are necessary for safe oper-
(ii) The new maximum operating ation at the increased pressure;
pressure does not exceed 80 percent of (4) Reinforce or anchor offsets, bends
that allowed for a new line of the same and dead ends in pipe joined by com-
design in the same location; and pression couplings or bell and spigot
(iii) The operator determines that joints to prevent failure of the pipe
the new maximum allowable operating joint, if the offset, bend, or dead end is
pressure is consistent with the condi- exposed in an excavation;
tion of the segment of pipeline and the (5) Isolate the segment of pipeline in
design requirements of this part. which the pressure is to be increased
(e) Where a segment of pipeline is from any adjacent segment that will
uprated in accordance with paragraph continue to be operated at a lower
(c) or (d)(2) of this section, the increase pressure; and
in pressure must be made in incre- (6) If the pressure in mains or service
ments that are equal to: lines, or both, is to be higher than the
(1) 10 percent of the pressure before pressure delivered to the customer, in-
the uprating; or stall a service regulator on each serv-
(2) 25 percent of the total pressure in- ice line and test each regulator to de-
crease, termine that it is functioning. Pressure
whichever produces the fewer number may be increased as necessary to test
of increments. each regulator, after a regulator has
been installed on each pipeline subject
§ 192.557 Uprating: Steel pipelines to a to the increased pressure.
pressure that will produce a hoop (c) After complying with paragraph
stress less than 30 percent of SMYS: (b) of this section, the increase in max-
plastic, cast iron, and ductile iron imum allowable operating pressure
pipelines. must be made in increments that are
(a) Unless the requirements of this equal to 10 p.s.i. (69 kPa) gage or 25 per-
section have been met, no person may cent of the total pressure increase,
subject: whichever produces the fewer number
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Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration, DOT § 192.605
approximately equal incremental in- (2) Unless the actual maximum cover
creases. depth is known, the operator shall
(d) If records for cast iron or ductile measure the actual cover in at least
iron pipeline facilities are not com- three places where the cover is most
plete enough to determine stresses pro- likely to be greatest and shall use the
duced by internal pressure, trench greatest cover measured.
loading, rolling loads, beam stresses, (3) Unless the actual nominal wall
and other bending loads, in evaluating thickness is known, the operator shall
the level of safety of the pipeline when
determine the wall thickness by cut-
operating at the proposed increased
pressure, the following procedures ting and measuring coupons from at
must be followed: least three separate pipe lengths. The
(1) In estimating the stresses, if the coupons must be cut from pipe lengths
original laying conditions cannot be in areas where the cover depth is most
ascertained, the operator shall assume likely to be the greatest. The average
that cast iron pipe was supported on of all measurements taken must be in-
blocks with tamped backfill and that creased by the allowance indicated in
ductile iron pipe was laid without the following table:
blocks with tamped backfill.
Allowance inches (millimeters)
(4) For cast iron pipe, unless the pipe (c) The Administrator or the State
manufacturing process is known, the Agency that has submitted a current
operator shall assume that the pipe is certification under the pipeline safety
pit cast pipe with a bursting tensile laws, (49 U.S.C. 60101 et seq.) with re-
strength of 11,000 p.s.i. (76 MPa) gage spect to the pipeline facility governed
and a modulus of rupture of 31,000 p.s.i. by an operator’s plans and procedures
(214 MPa) gage. may, after notice and opportunity for
[35 FR 13257, Aug. 19, 1970, as amended by hearing as provided in 49 CFR 190.237 or
Amdt. 192–37, 46 FR 10160, Feb. 2, 1981; Amdt. the relevant State procedures, require
192–62, 54 FR 5628, Feb. 6, 1989; Amdt. 195–85, the operator to amend its plans and
63 FR 37504, July 13, 1998] procedures as necessary to provide a
reasonable level of safety.
Subpart L—Operations [35 FR 13257, Aug. 19, 1970, as amended by
Amdt. 192–66, 56 FR 31090, July 9, 1991; Amdt.
§ 192.601 Scope. 192–71, 59 FR 6584, Feb. 11, 1994; Amdt. 192–75,
This subpart prescribes minimum re- 61 FR 18517, Apr. 26, 1996]
quirements for the operation of pipe-
line facilities. § 192.605 Procedural manual for oper-
ations, maintenance, and emer-
§ 192.603 General provisions. gencies.
(a) No person may operate a segment (a) General. Each operator shall pre-
of pipeline unless it is operated in ac- pare and follow for each pipeline, a
cordance with this subpart. manual of written procedures for con-
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(b) Each operator shall keep records ducting operations and maintenance
necessary to administer the procedures activities and for emergency response.
established under § 192.605. For transmission lines, the manual
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§ 192.605 49 CFR Ch. I (10–1–10 Edition)
must also include procedures for han- including a breathing apparatus and, a
dling abnormal operations. This man- rescue harness and line.
ual must be reviewed and updated by (10) Systematic and routine testing
the operator at intervals not exceeding and inspection of pipe-type or bottle-
15 months, but at least once each cal- type holders including—
endar year. This manual must be pre- (i) Provision for detecting external
pared before operations of a pipeline corrosion before the strength of the
system commence. Appropriate parts container has been impaired;
of the manual must be kept at loca- (ii) Periodic sampling and testing of
tions where operations and mainte- gas in storage to determine the dew
nance activities are conducted. point of vapors contained in the stored
(b) Maintenance and normal oper- gas which, if condensed, might cause
ations. The manual required by para- internal corrosion or interfere with the
graph (a) of this section must include safe operation of the storage plant; and
procedures for the following, if applica- (iii) Periodic inspection and testing
ble, to provide safety during mainte- of pressure limiting equipment to de-
nance and operations. termine that it is in safe operating
(1) Operating, maintaining, and re- condition and has adequate capacity.
pairing the pipeline in accordance with (11) Responding promptly to a report
each of the requirements of this sub- of a gas odor inside or near a building,
part and subpart M of this part. unless the operator’s emergency proce-
(2) Controlling corrosion in accord- dures under § 192.615(a)(3) specifically
ance with the operations and mainte- apply to these reports.
nance requirements of subpart I of this (12) Implementing the applicable con-
part. trol room management procedures re-
quired by § 192.631.
(3) Making construction records,
(c) Abnormal operation. For trans-
maps, and operating history available
mission lines, the manual required by
to appropriate operating personnel.
paragraph (a) of this section must in-
(4) Gathering of data needed for re- clude procedures for the following to
porting incidents under Part 191 of this provide safety when operating design
chapter in a timely and effective man- limits have been exceeded:
ner. (1) Responding to, investigating, and
(5) Starting up and shutting down correcting the cause of:
any part of the pipeline in a manner (i) Unintended closure of valves or
designed to assure operation within the shutdowns;
MAOP limits prescribed by this part, (ii) Increase or decrease in pressure
plus the build-up allowed for operation or flow rate outside normal operating
of pressure-limiting and control de- limits;
vices. (iii) Loss of communications;
(6) Maintaining compressor stations, (iv) Operation of any safety device;
including provisions for isolating units and
or sections of pipe and for purging be- (v) Any other foreseeable malfunc-
fore returning to service. tion of a component, deviation from
(7) Starting, operating and shutting normal operation, or personnel error,
down gas compressor units. which may result in a hazard to per-
(8) Periodically reviewing the work sons or property.
done by operator personnel to deter- (2) Checking variations from normal
mine the effectiveness, and adequacy of operation after abnormal operation has
the procedures used in normal oper- ended at sufficient critical locations in
ation and maintenance and modifying the system to determine continued in-
the procedures when deficiencies are tegrity and safe operation.
found. (3) Notifying responsible operator
(9) Taking adequate precautions in personnel when notice of an abnormal
excavated trenches to protect per- operation is received.
sonnel from the hazards of unsafe accu- (4) Periodically reviewing the re-
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Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration, DOT § 192.611
and taking corrective action where de- ating hoop stress, taking pressure gra-
ficiencies are found. dient into account, for the segment of
(5) The requirements of this para- pipeline involved; and
graph (c) do not apply to natural gas (f) The actual area affected by the
distribution operators that are oper- population density increase, and phys-
ating transmission lines in connection ical barriers or other factors which
with their distribution system. may limit further expansion of the
(d) Safety-related condition reports. more densely populated area.
The manual required by paragraph (a)
of this section must include instruc- § 192.611 Change in class location:
tions enabling personnel who perform Confirmation or revision of max-
operation and maintenance activities imum allowable operating pressure.
to recognize conditions that poten-
(a) If the hoop stress corresponding
tially may be safety-related conditions
to the established maximum allowable
that are subject to the reporting re-
quirements of § 191.23 of this sub- operating pressure of a segment of
chapter. pipeline is not commensurate with the
(e) Surveillance, emergency response, present class location, and the segment
and accident investigation. The proce- is in satisfactory physical condition,
dures required by §§ 192.613(a), 192.615, the maximum allowable operating
and 192.617 must be included in the pressure of that segment of pipeline
manual required by paragraph (a) of must be confirmed or revised according
this section. to one of the following requirements:
(1) If the segment involved has been
[Amdt. 192–71, 59 FR 6584, Feb. 11, 1994, as
amended by Amdt. 192–71A, 60 FR 14381, Mar. previously tested in place for a period
17, 1995; Amdt. 192–93, 68 FR 53901, Sept. 15, of not less than 8 hours:
2003; Amdt. 192–112, 74 FR 63327, Dec. 3, 2009] (i) The maximum allowable operating
pressure is 0.8 times the test pressure
§ 192.607 [Reserved] in Class 2 locations, 0.667 times the test
§ 192.609 Change in class location: Re- pressure in Class 3 locations, or 0.555
quired study. times the test pressure in Class 4 loca-
tions. The corresponding hoop stress
Whenever an increase in population
may not exceed 72 percent of the SMYS
density indicates a change in class lo-
of the pipe in Class 2 locations, 60 per-
cation for a segment of an existing
steel pipeline operating at hoop stress cent of SMYS in Class 3 locations, or 50
that is more than 40 percent of SMYS, percent of SMYS in Class 4 locations.
or indicates that the hoop stress cor- (ii) The alternative maximum allow-
responding to the established max- able operating pressure is 0.8 times the
imum allowable operating pressure for test pressure in Class 2 locations and
a segment of existing pipeline is not 0.667 times the test pressure in Class 3
commensurate with the present class locations. For pipelines operating at
location, the operator shall imme- alternative maximum allowable pres-
diately make a study to determine: sure per § 192.620, the corresponding
(a) The present class location for the hoop stress may not exceed 80 percent
segment involved. of the SMYS of the pipe in Class 2 loca-
(b) The design, construction, and tions and 67 percent of SMYS in Class
testing procedures followed in the 3 locations.
original construction, and a compari- (2) The maximum allowable oper-
son of these procedures with those re- ating pressure of the segment involved
quired for the present class location by must be reduced so that the cor-
the applicable provisions of this part. responding hoop stress is not more
(c) The physical condition of the seg- than that allowed by this part for new
ment to the extent it can be segments of pipelines in the existing
ascertained from available records;
class location.
(d) The operating and maintenance
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§ 192.612 49 CFR Ch. I (10–1–10 Edition)
part, and its maximum allowable oper- § 192.612 Underwater inspection and
ating pressure must then be estab- reburial of pipelines in the Gulf of
lished according to the following cri- Mexico and its inlets.
teria: (a) Each operator shall prepare and
(i) The maximum allowable operating follow a procedure to identify its pipe-
pressure after the requalification test lines in the Gulf of Mexico and its in-
is 0.8 times the test pressure for Class lets in waters less than 15 feet (4.6 me-
2 locations, 0.667 times the test pres- ters) deep as measured from mean low
sure for Class 3 locations, and 0.555 water that are at risk of being an ex-
times the test pressure for Class 4 loca- posed underwater pipeline or a hazard
tions. to navigation. The procedures must be
(ii) The corresponding hoop stress in effect August 10, 2005.
may not exceed 72 percent of the SMYS (b) Each operator shall conduct ap-
of the pipe in Class 2 locations, 60 per- propriate periodic underwater inspec-
cent of SMYS in Class 3 locations, or 50 tions of its pipelines in the Gulf of
percent of SMYS in Class 4 locations. Mexico and its inlets in waters less
(iii) For pipeline operating at an al- than 15 feet (4.6 meters) deep as meas-
ternative maximum allowable oper- ured from mean low water based on the
ating pressure per § 192.620, the alter- identified risk.
native maximum allowable operating (c) If an operator discovers that its
pressure after the requalification test pipeline is an exposed underwater pipe-
is 0.8 times the test pressure for Class line or poses a hazard to navigation,
2 locations and 0.667 times the test the operator shall—
pressure for Class 3 locations. The cor- (1) Promptly, but not later than 24
responding hoop stress may not exceed hours after discovery, notify the Na-
80 percent of the SMYS of the pipe in tional Response Center, telephone: 1–
Class 2 locations and 67 percent of 800–424–8802, of the location and, if
SMYS in Class 3 locations. available, the geographic coordinates
(b) The maximum allowable oper- of that pipeline.
ating pressure confirmed or revised in (2) Promptly, but not later than 7
accordance with this section, may not days after discovery, mark the location
exceed the maximum allowable oper- of the pipeline in accordance with 33
ating pressure established before the CFR part 64 at the ends of the pipeline
confirmation or revision. segment and at intervals of not over
(c) Confirmation or revision of the 500 yards (457 meters) long, except that
maximum allowable operating pressure a pipeline segment less than 200 yards
of a segment of pipeline in accordance (183 meters) long need only be marked
with this section does not preclude the at the center; and
application of §§ 192.553 and 192.555. (3) Within 6 months after discovery,
(d) Confirmation or revision of the or not later than November 1 of the fol-
maximum allowable operating pressure lowing year if the 6 month period is
that is required as a result of a study later than November 1 of the year of
under § 192.609 must be completed with- discovery, bury the pipeline so that the
in 24 months of the change in class lo- top of the pipe is 36 inches (914 milli-
cation. Pressure reduction under para- meters) below the underwater natural
graph (a) (1) or (2) of this section with- bottom (as determined by recognized
in the 24-month period does not pre- and generally accepted practices) for
clude establishing a maximum allow- normal excavation or 18 inches (457
able operating pressure under para- millimeters) for rock excavation.
graph (a)(3) of this section at a later (i) An operator may employ engi-
date. neered alternatives to burial that meet
[Amdt. 192–63A, 54 FR 24174, June 6, 1989 as or exceed the level of protection pro-
amended by Amdt. 192–78, 61 FR 28785, June vided by burial.
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6, 1996; Amdt. 192–94, 69 FR 32895, June 14, (ii) If an operator cannot obtain re-
2004; 73 FR 62177, Oct. 17, 2008] quired state or Federal permits in time
to comply with this section, it must
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Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration, DOT § 192.614
notify OPS; specify whether the re- line system must be covered by a quali-
quired permit is State or Federal; and, fied one-call system where there is one
justify the delay. in place. For the purpose of this sec-
[Amdt. 192–98, 69 FR 48406, Aug. 10, 2004]
tion, a one-call system is considered a
‘‘qualified one-call system’’ if it meets
§ 192.613 Continuing surveillance. the requirements of section (b)(1) or
(b)(2) of this section.
(a) Each operator shall have a proce-
dure for continuing surveillance of its (1) The state has adopted a one-call
facilities to determine and take appro- damage prevention program under
priate action concerning changes in § 198.37 of this chapter; or
class location, failures, leakage his- (2) The one-call system:
tory, corrosion, substantial changes in (i) Is operated in accordance with
cathodic protection requirements, and § 198.39 of this chapter;
other unusual operating and mainte- (ii) Provides a pipeline operator an
nance conditions. opportunity similar to a voluntary par-
(b) If a segment of pipeline is deter- ticipant to have a part in management
mined to be in unsatisfactory condition responsibilities; and
but no immediate hazard exists, the op- (iii) Assesses a participating pipeline
erator shall initiate a program to re- operator a fee that is proportionate to
condition or phase out the segment in- the costs of the one-call system’s cov-
volved, or, if the segment cannot be re- erage of the operator’s pipeline.
conditioned or phased out, reduce the (c) The damage prevention program
maximum allowable operating pressure required by paragraph (a) of this sec-
in accordance with § 192.619 (a) and (b). tion must, at a minimum:
(1) Include the identity, on a current
§ 192.614 Damage prevention program.
basis, of persons who normally engage
(a) Except as provided in paragraphs in excavation activities in the area in
(d) and (e) of this section, each oper- which the pipeline is located.
ator of a buried pipeline must carry (2) Provides for notification of the
out, in accordance with this section, a public in the vicinity of the pipeline
written program to prevent damage to and actual notification of the persons
that pipeline from excavation activi- identified in paragraph (c)(1) of this
ties. For the purposes of this section, section of the following as often as
the term ‘‘excavation activities’’ in- needed to make them aware of the
cludes excavation, blasting, boring, damage prevention program:
tunneling, backfilling, the removal of (i) The program’s existence and pur-
aboveground structures by either ex- pose; and
plosive or mechanical means, and other
(ii) How to learn the location of un-
earthmoving operations.
derground pipelines before excavation
(b) An operator may comply with any
of the requirements of paragraph (c) of activities are begun.
this section through participation in a (3) Provide a means of receiving and
public service program, such as a one- recording notification of planned exca-
call system, but such participation vation activities.
does not relieve the operator of respon- (4) If the operator has buried pipe-
sibility for compliance with this sec- lines in the area of excavation activity,
tion. However, an operator must per- provide for actual notification of per-
form the duties of paragraph (c)(3) of sons who give notice of their intent to
this section through participation in a excavate of the type of temporary
one-call system, if that one-call system marking to be provided and how to
is a qualified one-call system. In areas identify the markings.
that are covered by more than one (5) Provide for temporary marking of
qualified one-call system, an operator buried pipelines in the area of exca-
need only join one of the qualified one- vation activity before, as far as prac-
call systems if there is a central tele- tical, the activity begins.
phone number for excavators to call for (6) Provide as follows for inspection
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§ 192.615 49 CFR Ch. I (10–1–10 Edition)
(iii) Explosion occurring near or di- [Amdt. 192–24, 41 FR 13587, Mar. 31, 1976, as
rectly involving a pipeline facility. amended by Amdt. 192–71, 59 FR 6585, Feb. 11,
(iv) Natural disaster. 1994; Amdt. 192–112, 74 FR 63327, Dec. 3, 2009]
94
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Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration, DOT § 192.617
number and concentration of the non- priate, for the purpose of determining
English speaking population in the op- the causes of the failure and mini-
erator’s area. mizing the possibility of a recurrence.
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§ 192.619 49 CFR Ch. I (10–1–10 Edition)
§ 192.619 Maximum allowable oper- (i) For plastic pipe in all locations,
ating pressure: Steel or plastic pipe- the test pressure is divided by a factor
lines. of 1.5.
(a) No person may operate a segment (ii) For steel pipe operated at 100
of steel or plastic pipeline at a pressure p.s.i. (689 kPa) gage or more, the test
that exceeds a maximum allowable op- pressure is divided by a factor deter-
erating pressure determined under mined in accordance with the following
paragraph (c) or (d) of this section, or table:
the lowest of the following:
Factors 1, segment—
(1) The design pressure of the weak-
est element in the segment, deter- Class location Installed Installed Converted
before
mined in accordance with subparts C (Nov. 12, after (Nov. under
11, 1970) § 192.14
and D of this part. However, for steel 1970)
pipe in pipelines being converted under 1 ............................... 1.1 1.1 1.25
§ 192.14 or uprated under subpart K of 2 ............................... 1.25 1.25 1.25
this part, if any variable necessary to 3 ............................... 1.4 1.5 1.5
determine the design pressure under 4 ............................... 1.4 1.5 1.5
the design formula (§ 192.105) is un- 1 For offshore segments installed, uprated or converted after
known, one of the following pressures July 31, 1977, that are not located on an offshore platform,
the factor is 1.25. For segments installed, uprated or con-
is to be used as design pressure: verted after July 31, 1977, that are located on an offshore
(i) Eighty percent of the first test platform or on a platform in inland navigable waters, including
a pipe riser, the factor is 1.5.
pressure that produces yield under sec-
tion N5 of Appendix N of ASME B31.8 (3) The highest actual operating pres-
(incorporated by reference, see § 192.7), sure to which the segment was sub-
reduced by the appropriate factor in jected during the 5 years preceding the
paragraph (a)(2)(ii) of this section; or applicable date in the second column.
(ii) If the pipe is 123⁄4 inches (324 mm) This pressure restriction applies unless
or less in outside diameter and is not the segment was tested according to
tested to yield under this paragraph, the requirements in paragraph (a)(2) of
200 p.s.i. (1379 kPa). this section after the applicable date in
(2) The pressure obtained by dividing the third column or the segment was
the pressure to which the segment was uprated according to the requirements
tested after construction as follows: in subpart K of this part:
Pipeline segment Pressure date Test date
—Onshore gathering line that first be- March 15, 2006, or date line becomes 5 years preceding applicable date in sec-
came subject to this part (other than subject to this part, whichever is later. ond column.
§ 192.612) after April 13, 2006.
—Onshore transmission line that was a
gathering line not subject to this part
before March 15, 2006.
Offshore gathering lines ........................... July 1, 1976 ............................................. July 1, 1971.
All other pipelines ..................................... July 1, 1970 ............................................. July 1, 1965.
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Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration, DOT § 192.620
[35 FR 13257, Aug. 19, 1970] 1 For Class 2 alternative maximum allowable operating
pressure segments installed prior to December 22, 2008 the
EDITORIAL NOTE: For FEDERAL REGISTER ci- alternative test factor is 1.25.
tations affecting § 192.619, see the List of CFR
Sections Affected, which appears in the (b) When may an operator use the alter-
Finding Aids section of the printed volume native maximum allowable operating pres-
and on GPO Access. sure calculated under paragraph (a) of
this section? An operator may use an al-
§ 192.620 Alternative maximum allow- ternative maximum allowable oper-
able operating pressure for certain ating pressure calculated under para-
steel pipelines. graph (a) of this section if the fol-
(a) How does an operator calculate the lowing conditions are met:
alternative maximum allowable operating (1) The pipeline segment is in a Class
pressure? An operator calculates the al- 1, 2, or 3 location;
ternative maximum allowable oper- (2) The pipeline segment is con-
ating pressure by using different fac- structed of steel pipe meeting the addi-
tors in the same formulas used for cal- tional design requirements in § 192.112;
culating maximum allowable operating (3) A supervisory control and data ac-
pressure under § 192.619(a) as follows: quisition system provides remote mon-
(1) In determining the alternative de- itoring and control of the pipeline seg-
sign pressure under § 192.105, use a de- ment. The control provided must in-
sign factor determined in accordance clude monitoring of pressures and
with § 192.111(b), (c), or (d) or, if none of flows, monitoring compressor start-ups
these paragraphs apply, in accordance
and shut-downs, and remote closure of
with the following table:
valves per paragraph (d)(3) of this sec-
Alternative de- tion;
Class location sign factor (F) (4) The pipeline segment meets the
1 ..................................................................... 0.80 additional construction requirements
2 ..................................................................... 0.67 described in § 192.328;
3 ..................................................................... 0.56 (5) The pipeline segment does not
contain any mechanical couplings used
(i) For facilities installed prior to De- in place of girth welds;
cember 22, 2008, for which § 192.111(b), (6) If a pipeline segment has been pre-
(c), or (d) applies, use the following de- viously operated, the segment has not
sign factors as alternatives for the fac- experienced any failure during normal
tors specified in those paragraphs: operations indicative of a systemic
§ 192.111(b)¥0.67 or less; 192.111(c) and fault in material as determined by a
(d)¥0.56 or less.
root cause analysis, including met-
(ii) [Reserved] allurgical examination of the failed
(2) The alternative maximum allow- pipe. The results of this root cause
able operating pressure is the lower of analysis must be reported to each
the following: PHMSA pipeline safety regional office
(i) The design pressure of the weakest where the pipeline is in service at least
element in the pipeline segment, deter- 60 days prior to operation at the alter-
mined under subparts C and D of this
native MAOP. An operator must also
part.
notify a State pipeline safety authority
(ii) The pressure obtained by dividing when the pipeline is located in a State
the pressure to which the pipeline seg-
where PHMSA has an interstate agent
ment was tested after construction by
agreement, or an intrastate pipeline is
a factor determined in the following
regulated by that State; and
table:
(7) At least 95 percent of girth welds
Alternative test on a segment that was constructed
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§ 192.620 49 CFR Ch. I (10–1–10 Edition)
(c) What is an operator electing to use (ii) For a pipeline segment in exist-
the alternative maximum allowable oper- ence prior to December 22, 2008, certify,
ating pressure required to do? If an oper- under paragraph (c)(2) of this section,
ator elects to use the alternative max- that the strength test performed under
imum allowable operating pressure cal- § 192.505 was conducted at test pressure
culated under paragraph (a) of this sec- calculated under paragraph (a) of this
tion for a pipeline segment, the oper- section, or conduct a new strength test
ator must do each of the following: in accordance with paragraph (c)(4)(i)
(1) Notify each PHMSA pipeline safe- of this section.
ty regional office where the pipeline is
(5) Comply with the additional oper-
in service of its election with respect
ation and maintenance requirements
to a segment at least 180 days before
described in paragraph (d) of this sec-
operating at the alternative maximum
tion.
allowable operating pressure. An oper-
ator must also notify a State pipeline (6) If the performance of a construc-
safety authority when the pipeline is tion task associated with imple-
located in a State where PHMSA has menting alternative MAOP that occurs
an interstate agent agreement, or an after December 22, 2008, can affect the
intrastate pipeline is regulated by that integrity of the pipeline segment, treat
State. that task as a ‘‘covered task’’, notwith-
(2) Certify, by signature of a senior standing the definition in § 192.801(b)
executive officer of the company, as and implement the requirements of
follows: subpart N as appropriate.
(i) The pipeline segment meets the (7) Maintain, for the useful life of the
conditions described in paragraph (b) of pipeline, records demonstrating com-
this section; and pliance with paragraphs (b), (c)(6), and
(ii) The operating and maintenance (d) of this section.
procedures include the additional oper- (8) A Class 1 and Class 2 pipeline loca-
ating and maintenance requirements of tion can be upgraded one class due to
paragraph (d) of this section; and class changes per § 192.611(a)(3)(i). All
(iii) The review and any needed pro- class location changes from Class 1 to
gram upgrade of the damage preven- Class 2 and from Class 2 to Class 3 must
tion program required by paragraph have all anomalies evaluated and reme-
(d)(4)(v) of this section has been com- diated per: The ‘‘original pipeline class
pleted.
grade’’ § 192.620(d)(11) anomaly repair
(3) Send a copy of the certification
requirements; and all anomalies with a
required by paragraph (c)(2) of this sec-
wall loss equal to or greater than 40
tion to each PHMSA pipeline safety re-
percent must be excavated and remedi-
gional office where the pipeline is in
service 30 days prior to operating at ated. Pipelines in Class 4 may not oper-
the alternative MAOP. An operator ate at an alternative MAOP.
must also send a copy to a State pipe- (d) What additional operation and
line safety authority when the pipeline maintenance requirements apply to oper-
is located in a State where PHMSA has ation at the alternative maximum allow-
an interstate agent agreement, or an able operating pressure? In addition to
intrastate pipeline is regulated by that compliance with other applicable safe-
State. ty standards in this part, if an operator
(4) For each pipeline segment, do one establishes a maximum allowable oper-
of the following: ating pressure for a pipeline segment
(i) Perform a strength test as de- under paragraph (a) of this section, an
scribed in § 192.505 at a test pressure operator must comply with the addi-
calculated under paragraph (a) of this tional operation and maintenance re-
section or quirements as follows:
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Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration, DOT § 192.620
(1) Identifying and evaluating Develop a threat matrix consistent with § 192.917 to do the following:
threats. (i) Identify and compare the increased risk of operating the pipeline at the increased stress
level under this section with conventional operation; and
(ii) Describe and implement procedures used to mitigate the risk.
(2) Notifying the public ............. (i) Recalculate the potential impact circle as defined in § 192.903 to reflect use of the alter-
native maximum operating pressure calculated under paragraph (a) of this section and pipe-
line operating conditions; and
(ii) In implementing the public education program required under § 192.616, perform the fol-
lowing:
(A) Include persons occupying property within 220 yards of the centerline and within the po-
tential impact circle within the targeted audience; and
(B) Include information about the integrity management activities performed under this section
within the message provided to the audience.
(3) Responding to an emer- (i) Ensure that the identification of high consequence areas reflects the larger potential impact
gency in an area defined as circle recalculated under paragraph (d)(2)(i) of this section.
a high consequence area in
§ 192.903.
(ii) If personnel response time to mainline valves on either side of the high consequence area
exceeds one hour (under normal driving conditions and speed limits) from the time the event
is identified in the control room, provide remote valve control through a supervisory control
and data acquisition (SCADA) system, other leak detection system, or an alternative method
of control.
(iii) Remote valve control must include the ability to close and monitor the valve position (open
or closed), and monitor pressure upstream and downstream.
(iv) A line break valve control system using differential pressure, rate of pressure drop or other
widely-accepted method is an acceptable alternative to remote valve control.
(4) Protecting the right-of-way .. (i) Patrol the right-of-way at intervals not exceeding 45 days, but at least 12 times each cal-
endar year, to inspect for excavation activities, ground movement, wash outs, leakage, or
other activities or conditions affecting the safety operation of the pipeline.
(ii) Develop and implement a plan to monitor for and mitigate occurrences of unstable soil and
ground movement.
(iii) If observed conditions indicate the possible loss of cover, perform a depth of cover study
and replace cover as necessary to restore the depth of cover or apply alternative means to
provide protection equivalent to the originally-required depth of cover.
(iv) Use line-of-sight line markers satisfying the requirements of § 192.707(d) except in agricul-
tural areas, large water crossings or swamp, steep terrain, or where prohibited by Federal
Energy Regulatory Commission orders, permits, or local law.
(v) Review the damage prevention program under § 192.614(a) in light of national consensus
practices, to ensure the program provides adequate protection of the right-of-way. Identify
the standards or practices considered in the review, and meet or exceed those standards or
practices by incorporating appropriate changes into the program.
(vi) Develop and implement a right-of-way management plan to protect the pipeline segment
from damage due to excavation activities.
(5) Controlling internal corro- (i) Develop and implement a program to monitor for and mitigate the presence of, deleterious
sion. gas stream constituents.
(ii) At points where gas with potentially deleterious contaminants enters the pipeline, use filter
separators or separators and gas quality monitoring equipment.
(iii) Use gas quality monitoring equipment that includes a moisture analyzer, chromatograph,
and periodic hydrogen sulfide sampling.
(iv) Use cleaning pigs and sample accumulated liquids. Use inhibitors when corrosive gas or
liquids are present.
(v) Address deleterious gas stream constituents as follows:
(A) Limit carbon dioxide to 3 percent by volume;
(B) Allow no free water and otherwise limit water to seven pounds per million cubic feet of
gas; and
(C) Limit hydrogen sulfide to 1.0 grain per hundred cubic feet (16 ppm) of gas, where the hy-
drogen sulfide is greater than 0.5 grain per hundred cubic feet (8 ppm) of gas, implement a
pigging and inhibitor injection program to address deleterious gas stream constituents, in-
cluding follow-up sampling and quality testing of liquids at receipt points.
(vi) Review the program at least quarterly based on the gas stream experience and implement
adjustments to monitor for, and mitigate the presence of, deleterious gas stream constitu-
ents.
(6) Controlling interference that (i) Prior to operating an existing pipeline segment at an alternate maximum allowable oper-
can impact external corrosion. ating pressure calculated under this section, or within six months after placing a new pipe-
line segment in service at an alternate maximum allowable operating pressure calculated
under this section, address any interference currents on the pipeline segment.
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§ 192.620 49 CFR Ch. I (10–1–10 Edition)
(C) Take any remedial action needed within 6 months after completing the survey to protect
the pipeline segment from deleterious current.
(7) Confirming external corro- (i) Within six months after placing the cathodic protection of a new pipeline segment in oper-
sion control through indirect ation, or within six months after certifying a segment under § 192.620(c)(1) of an existing
assessment. pipeline segment under this section, assess the adequacy of the cathodic protection through
an indirect method such as close-interval survey, and the integrity of the coating using direct
current voltage gradient (DCVG) or alternating current voltage gradient (ACVG).
(ii) Remediate any construction damaged coating with a voltage drop classified as moderate or
severe (IR drop greater than 35% for DCVG or 50 dBμv for ACVG) under section 4 of
NACE RP–0502–2002 (incorporated by reference, see § 192.7).
(iii) Within six months after completing the baseline internal inspection required under para-
graph (d)(9) of this section, integrate the results of the indirect assessment required under
paragraph (d)(7)(i) of this section with the results of the baseline internal inspection and take
any needed remedial actions.
(iv) For all pipeline segments in high consequence areas, perform periodic assessments as
follows:
(A) Conduct periodic close interval surveys with current interrupted to confirm voltage drops in
association with periodic assessments under subpart O of this part.
(B) Locate pipe-to-soil test stations at half-mile intervals within each high consequence area
ensuring at least one station is within each high consequence area, if practicable.
(C) Integrate the results with those of the baseline and periodic assessments for integrity done
under paragraphs (d)(9) and (d)(10) of this section.
(8) Controlling external corro- (i) If an annual test station reading indicates cathodic protection below the level of protection
sion through cathodic protec- required in subpart I of this part, complete remedial action within six months of the failed
tion. reading or notify each PHMSA pipeline safety regional office where the pipeline is in service
demonstrating that the integrity of the pipeline is not compromised if the repair takes longer
than 6 months. An operator must also notify a State pipeline safety authority when the pipe-
line is located in a State where PHMSA has an interstate agent agreement, or an intrastate
pipeline is regulated by that State; and
(ii) After remedial action to address a failed reading, confirm restoration of adequate corrosion
control by a close interval survey on either side of the affected test station to the next test
station unless the reason for the failed reading is determined to be a rectifier connection or
power input problem that can be remediated and otherwise verified.
(iii) If the pipeline segment has been in operation, the cathodic protection system on the pipe-
line segment must have been operational within 12 months of the completion of construc-
tion.
(9) Conducting a baseline as- (i) Except as provided in paragraph (d)(9)(iii) of this section, for a new pipeline segment oper-
sessment of integrity. ating at the new alternative maximum allowable operating pressure, perform a baseline in-
ternal inspection of the entire pipeline segment as follows:
(A) Assess using a geometry tool after the initial hydrostatic test and backfill and within six
months after placing the new pipeline segment in service; and
(B) Assess using a high resolution magnetic flux tool within three years after placing the new
pipeline segment in service at the alternative maximum allowable operating pressure.
(ii) Except as provided in paragraph (d)(9)(iii) of this section, for an existing pipeline segment,
perform a baseline internal assessment using a geometry tool and a high resolution mag-
netic flux tool before, but within two years prior to, raising pressure to the alternative max-
imum allowable operating pressure as allowed under this section.
(iii) If headers, mainline valve by-passes, compressor station piping, meter station piping, or
other short portion of a pipeline segment operating at alternative maximum allowable oper-
ating pressure cannot accommodate a geometry tool and a high resolution magnetic flux
tool, use direct assessment (per § 192.925, § 192.927 and/or § 192.929) or pressure testing
(per subpart J of this part) to assess that portion.
(10) Conducting periodic as- (i) Determine a frequency for subsequent periodic integrity assessments as if all the alternative
sessments of integrity. maximum allowable operating pressure pipeline segments were covered by subpart O of
this part and
(ii) Conduct periodic internal inspections using a high resolution magnetic flux tool on the fre-
quency determined under paragraph (d)(10)(i) of this section, or
(iii) Use direct assessment (per § 192.925, § 192.927 and/or § 192.929) or pressure testing
(per subpart J of this part) for periodic assessment of a portion of a segment to the extent
permitted for a baseline assessment under paragraph (d)(9)(iii) of this section.
(11) Making repairs .................. (i) Perform the following when evaluating an anomaly:
(A) Use the most conservative calculation for determining remaining strength or an alternative
validated calculation based on pipe diameter, wall thickness, grade, operating pressure, op-
erating stress level, and operating temperature: and
(B) Take into account the tolerances of the tools used for the inspection.
(ii) Repair a defect immediately if any of the following apply:
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(A) The defect is a dent discovered during the baseline assessment for integrity under para-
graph (d)(9) of this section and the defect meets the criteria for immediate repair in
§ 192.309(b).
(B) The defect meets the criteria for immediate repair in § 192.933(d).
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Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration, DOT § 192.623
(C) The alternative maximum allowable operating pressure was based on a design factor of
0.67 under paragraph (a) of this section and the failure pressure is less than 1.25 times the
alternative maximum allowable operating pressure.
(D) The alternative maximum allowable operating pressure was based on a design factor of
0.56 under paragraph (a) of this section and the failure pressure is less than or equal to 1.4
times the alternative maximum allowable operating pressure.
(iii) If paragraph (d)(11)(ii) of this section does not require immediate repair, repair a defect
within one year if any of the following apply:
(A) The defect meets the criteria for repair within one year in § 192.933(d).
(B) The alternative maximum allowable operating pressure was based on a design factor of
0.80 under paragraph (a) of this section and the failure pressure is less than 1.25 times the
alternative maximum allowable operating pressure.
(C) The alternative maximum allowable operating pressure was based on a design factor of
0.67 under paragraph (a) of this section and the failure pressure is less than 1.50 times the
alternative maximum allowable operating pressure.
(D) The alternative maximum allowable operating pressure was based on a design factor of
0.56 under paragraph (a) of this section and the failure pressure is less than or equal to
1.80 times the alternative maximum allowable operating pressure.
(iv) Evaluate any defect not required to be repaired under paragraph (d)(11)(ii) or (iii) of this
section to determine its growth rate, set the maximum interval for repair or re-inspection,
and repair or re-inspect within that interval.
(e) Is there any change in overpressure p.s.i. (414 kPa) gage, unless the service
protection associated with operating at lines in the segment are equipped with
the alternative maximum allowable oper- service regulators or other pressure
ating pressure? Notwithstanding the re- limiting devices in series that meet the
quired capacity of pressure relieving requirements of § 192.197(c).
and limiting stations otherwise re- (3) 25 p.s.i. (172 kPa) gage in segments
quired by § 192.201, if an operator estab- of cast iron pipe in which there are
lishes a maximum allowable operating unreinforced bell and spigot joints.
pressure for a pipeline segment in ac- (4) The pressure limits to which a
cordance with paragraph (a) of this sec- joint could be subjected without the
tion, an operator must: possibility of its parting.
(1) Provide overpressure protection (5) The pressure determined by the
that limits mainline pressure to a max-
operator to be the maximum safe pres-
imum of 104 percent of the maximum
sure after considering the history of
allowable operating pressure; and
the segment, particularly known corro-
(2) Develop and follow a procedure for
sion and the actual operating pres-
establishing and maintaining accurate
sures.
set points for the supervisory control
and data acquisition system. (b) No person may operate a segment
of pipeline to which paragraph (a)(5) of
[73 FR 62177, Oct. 17, 2008, as amended by this section applies, unless over-
Amdt. 192–111, 74 FR 62505, Nov. 30, 2009] pressure protective devices are in-
stalled on the segment in a manner
§ 192.621 Maximum allowable oper-
ating pressure: High-pressure dis- that will prevent the maximum allow-
tribution systems. able operating pressure from being ex-
ceeded, in accordance with § 192.195.
(a) No person may operate a segment
of a high pressure distribution system [35 FR 13257, Aug. 19, 1970, as amended by
at a pressure that exceeds the lowest of Amdt 192–85, 63 FR 37504, July 13, 1998]
the following pressures, as applicable:
(1) The design pressure of the weak- § 192.623 Maximum and minimum al-
est element in the segment, deter- lowable operating pressure; Low-
pressure distribution systems.
mined in accordance with subparts C
and D of this part. (a) No person may operate a low-pres-
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(2) 60 p.s.i. (414 kPa) gage, for a seg- sure distribution system at a pressure
ment of a distribution system other- high enough to make unsafe the oper-
wise designed to operate at over 60 ation of any connected and properly
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§ 192.625 49 CFR Ch. I (10–1–10 Edition)
the odorant may not be toxic when hazardous mixture of gas and air, a
breathed nor may they be corrosive or slug of inert gas must be released into
harmful to those materials to which the line before the air.
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Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration, DOT § 192.631
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§ 192.631 49 CFR Ch. I (10–1–10 Edition)
for the safe operation of a pipeline fa- changes that affect control room oper-
cility. ations; and
(e) Alarm management. Each operator (3) Seek control room or control
using a SCADA system must have a room management participation in
written alarm management plan to planning prior to implementation of
provide for effective controller re- significant pipeline hydraulic or con-
sponse to alarms. An operator’s plan figuration changes.
must include provisions to: (g) Operating experience. Each oper-
(1) Review SCADA safety-related ator must assure that lessons learned
alarm operations using a process that from its operating experience are in-
ensures alarms are accurate and sup- corporated, as appropriate, into its
port safe pipeline operations; control room management procedures
(2) Identify at least once each cal- by performing each of the following:
endar month points affecting safety (1) Review incidents that must be re-
that have been taken off scan in the ported pursuant to 49 CFR part 191 to
SCADA host, have had alarms inhib- determine if control room actions con-
ited, generated false alarms, or that tributed to the event and, if so, cor-
have had forced or manual values for rect, where necessary, deficiencies re-
periods of time exceeding that required lated to:
for associated maintenance or oper- (i) Controller fatigue;
ating activities; (ii) Field equipment;
(iii) The operation of any relief de-
(3) Verify the correct safety-related
vice;
alarm set-point values and alarm de-
(iv) Procedures;
scriptions at least once each calendar
(v) SCADA system configuration; and
year, but at intervals not to exceed 15
(vi) SCADA system performance.
months;
(2) Include lessons learned from the
(4) Review the alarm management operator’s experience in the training
plan required by this paragraph at program required by this section.
least once each calendar year, but at (h) Training. Each operator must es-
intervals not exceeding 15 months, to tablish a controller training program
determine the effectiveness of the plan; and review the training program con-
(5) Monitor the content and volume tent to identify potential improve-
of general activity being directed to ments at least once each calendar year,
and required of each controller at least but at intervals not to exceed 15
once each calendar year, but at inter- months. An operator’s program must
vals not to exceed 15 months, that will provide for training each controller to
assure controllers have sufficient time carry out the roles and responsibilities
to analyze and react to incoming defined by the operator. In addition,
alarms; and the training program must include the
(6) Address deficiencies identified following elements:
through the implementation of para- (1) Responding to abnormal operating
graphs (e)(1) through (e)(5) of this sec- conditions likely to occur simulta-
tion. neously or in sequence;
(f) Change management. Each operator (2) Use of a computerized simulator
must assure that changes that could or non-computerized (tabletop) method
affect control room operations are co- for training controllers to recognize
ordinated with the control room per- abnormal operating conditions;
sonnel by performing each of the fol- (3) Training controllers on their re-
lowing: sponsibilities for communication under
(1) Establish communications be- the operator’s emergency response pro-
tween control room representatives, cedures;
operator’s management, and associated (4) Training that will provide a con-
field personnel when planning and im- troller a working knowledge of the
plementing physical changes to pipe- pipeline system, especially during the
line equipment or configuration; development of abnormal operating
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Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration, DOT § 192.707
§ 192.705 Transmission lines: Patrol- § 192.707 Line markers for mains and
ling. transmission lines.
(a) Each operator shall have a patrol (a) Buried pipelines. Except as pro-
program to observe surface conditions vided in paragraph (b) of this section, a
on and adjacent to the transmission line marker must be placed and main-
line right-of-way for indications of tained as close as practical over each
leaks, construction activity, and other buried main and transmission line:
factors affecting safety and operation. (1) At each crossing of a public road
(b) The frequency of patrols is deter- and railroad; and
(2) Wherever necessary to identify
mined by the size of the line, the oper-
the location of the transmission line or
ating pressures, the class location, ter-
main to reduce the possibility of dam-
rain, weather, and other relevant fac- age or interference.
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tors, but intervals between patrols may (b) Exceptions for buried pipelines. Line
not be longer than prescribed in the markers are not required for the fol-
following table: lowing pipelines:
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§ 192.709 49 CFR Ch. I (10–1–10 Edition)
(1) Mains and transmission lines lo- retained in accordance with paragraph
cated offshore, or at crossings of or (c) of this section.
under waterways and other bodies of (c) A record of each patrol, survey,
water. inspection, and test required by sub-
(2) Mains in Class 3 or Class 4 loca- parts L and M of this part must be re-
tions where a damage prevention pro- tained for at least 5 years or until the
gram is in effect under § 192.614. next patrol, survey, inspection, or test
(3) Transmission lines in Class 3 or 4 is completed, whichever is longer.
locations until March 20, 1996. [Amdt. 192–78, 61 FR 28786, June 6, 1996]
(4) Transmission lines in Class 3 or 4
locations where placement of a line § 192.711 Transmission lines: General
marker is impractical. requirements for repair procedures.
(c) Pipelines aboveground. Line mark- (a) Temporary repairs. Each operator
ers must be placed and maintained must take immediate temporary meas-
along each section of a main and trans- ures to protect the public whenever:
mission line that is located above- (1) A leak, imperfection, or damage
ground in an area accessible to the that impairs its serviceability is found
public. in a segment of steel transmission line
(d) Marker warning. The following operating at or above 40 percent of the
must be written legibly on a back- SMYS; and
ground of sharply contrasting color on (2) It is not feasible to make a perma-
each line marker: nent repair at the time of discovery.
(1) The word ‘‘Warning,’’ ‘‘Caution,’’ (b) Permanent repairs. An operator
or ‘‘Danger’’ followed by the words must make permanent repairs on its
‘‘Gas (or name of gas transported) pipeline system according to the fol-
Pipeline’’ all of which, except for lowing:
markers in heavily developed urban (1) Non integrity management re-
areas, must be in letters at least 1 inch pairs: The operator must make perma-
(25 millimeters) high with 1⁄4 inch (6.4 nent repairs as soon as feasible.
millimeters) stroke. (2) Integrity management repairs:
(2) The name of the operator and the When an operator discovers a condition
telephone number (including area code) on a pipeline covered under Subpart O–
where the operator can be reached at Gas Transmission Pipeline Integrity
all times. Management, the operator must reme-
[Amdt. 192–20, 40 FR 13505, Mar. 27, 1975; diate the condition as prescribed by
Amdt. 192–27, 41 FR 39752, Sept. 16, 1976, as § 192.933(d).
amended by Amdt. 192–20A, 41 FR 56808, Dec. (c) Welded patch. Except as provided
30, 1976; Amdt. 192–44, 48 FR 25208, June 6, in § 192.717(b)(3), no operator may use a
1983; Amdt. 192–73, 60 FR 14650, Mar. 20, 1995; welded patch as a means of repair.
Amdt. 192–85, 63 FR 37504, July 13, 1998]
[Amdt. 192–114, 75 FR 48604, Aug. 11, 2010]
§ 192.709 Transmission lines: Record
keeping. § 192.713 Transmission lines: Perma-
nent field repair of imperfections
Each operator shall maintain the fol- and damages.
lowing records for transmission lines
(a) Each imperfection or damage that
for the periods specified:
impairs the serviceability of pipe in a
(a) The date, location, and descrip-
steel transmission line operating at or
tion of each repair made to pipe (in-
above 40 percent of SMYS must be—
cluding pipe-to-pipe connections) must
(1) Removed by cutting out and re-
be retained for as long as the pipe re-
placing a cylindrical piece of pipe; or
mains in service.
(2) Repaired by a method that reli-
(b) The date, location, and descrip-
able engineering tests and analyses
tion of each repair made to parts of the
show can permanently restore the serv-
pipeline system other than pipe must
iceability of the pipe.
be retained for at least 5 years. How-
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Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration, DOT § 192.723
(4) If the leak is on a submerged off- (b) The type and scope of the leakage
shore pipeline or submerged pipeline in control program must be determined
inland navigable waters, mechanically by the nature of the operations and the
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§ 192.725 49 CFR Ch. I (10–1–10 Edition)
local conditions, but it must meet the and supplies of gas; purged of gas; in
following minimum requirements: the case of offshore pipelines, filled
(1) A leakage survey with leak detec- with water or inert materials; and
tor equipment must be conducted in sealed at the ends. However, the pipe-
business districts, including tests of line need not be purged when the vol-
the atmosphere in gas, electric, tele- ume of gas is so small that there is no
phone, sewer, and water system man- potential hazard.
holes, at cracks in pavement and side- (c) Except for service lines, each in-
walks, and at other locations providing active pipeline that is not being main-
an opportunity for finding gas leaks, at tained under this part must be discon-
intervals not exceeding 15 months, but nected from all sources and supplies of
at least once each calendar year. gas; purged of gas; in the case of off-
(2) A leakage survey with leak detec- shore pipelines, filled with water or
tor equipment must be conducted out- inert materials; and sealed at the ends.
side business districts as frequently as However, the pipeline need not be
necessary, but at least once every 5 purged when the volume of gas is so
calendar years at intervals not exceed- small that there is no potential hazard.
ing 63 months. However, for cathodi- (d) Whenever service to a customer is
cally unprotected distribution lines discontinued, one of the following must
subject to § 192.465(e) on which elec- be complied with:
trical surveys for corrosion are imprac- (1) The valve that is closed to prevent
tical, a leakage survey must be con- the flow of gas to the customer must be
ducted at least once every 3 calendar provided with a locking device or other
years at intervals not exceeding 39 means designed to prevent the opening
months. of the valve by persons other than
[35 FR 13257, Aug. 19, 1970, as amended by those authorized by the operator.
Amdt. 192–43, 47 FR 46851, Oct. 21, 1982; Amdt. (2) A mechanical device or fitting
192–70, 58 FR 54528, 54529, Oct. 22, 1993; Amdt. that will prevent the flow of gas must
192–71, 59 FR 6585, Feb. 11, 1994; Amdt. 192–94,
be installed in the service line or in the
69 FR 32895, June 14, 2004; Amdt. 192–94, 69 FR
54592, Sept. 9, 2004] meter assembly.
(3) The customer’s piping must be
§ 192.725 Test requirements for rein- physically disconnected from the gas
stating service lines. supply and the open pipe ends sealed.
(a) Except as provided in paragraph (e) If air is used for purging, the oper-
(b) of this section, each disconnected ator shall insure that a combustible
service line must be tested in the same mixture is not present after purging.
manner as a new service line, before (f) Each abandoned vault must be
being reinstated. filled with a suitable compacted mate-
(b) Each service line temporarily dis- rial.
connected from the main must be test- (g) For each abandoned offshore pipe-
ed from the point of disconnection to line facility or each abandoned onshore
the service line valve in the same man- pipeline facility that crosses over,
ner as a new service line, before recon- under or through a commercially navi-
necting. However, if provisions are gable waterway, the last operator of
made to maintain continuous service, that facility must file a report upon
such as by installation of a bypass, any abandonment of that facility.
part of the original service line used to (1) The preferred method to submit
maintain continuous service need not data on pipeline facilities abandoned
be tested. after October 10, 2000 is to the National
Pipeline Mapping System (NPMS) in
§ 192.727 Abandonment or deactiva- accordance with the NPMS ‘‘Standards
tion of facilities. for Pipeline and Liquefied Natural Gas
(a) Each operator shall conduct aban- Operator Submissions.’’ To obtain a
donment or deactivation of pipelines in copy of the NPMS Standards, please
accordance with the requirements of refer to the NPMS homepage at http://
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Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration, DOT § 192.739
but hard copy submissions are accept- tervals not exceeding 15 months, but at
able if they comply with the NPMS least once each calendar year, to deter-
Standards. In addition to the NPMS-re- mine that it functions properly.
quired attributes, operators must sub- [35 FR 13257, Aug. 19, 1970, as amended by
mit the date of abandonment, diame- Amdt. 192–43, 47 FR 46851, Oct. 21, 1982]
ter, method of abandonment, and cer-
tification that, to the best of the oper- § 192.735 Compressor stations: Storage
ator’s knowledge, all of the reasonably of combustible materials.
available information requested was (a) Flammable or combustible mate-
provided and, to the best of the opera- rials in quantities beyond those re-
tor’s knowledge, the abandonment was quired for everyday use, or other than
completed in accordance with applica- those normally used in compressor
ble laws. Refer to the NPMS Standards buildings, must be stored a safe dis-
for details in preparing your data for tance from the compressor building.
submission. The NPMS Standards also (b) Aboveground oil or gasoline stor-
include details of how to submit data. age tanks must be protected in accord-
Alternatively, operators may submit ance with National Fire Protection As-
reports by mail, fax or e-mail to the Of- sociation Standard No. 30.
fice of Pipeline Safety, Pipeline and
Hazardous Materials Safety Adminis- § 192.736 Compressor stations: Gas de-
tration, U.S. Department of Transpor- tection.
tation, Information Resources Man- (a) Not later than September 16, 1996,
ager, PHP–10, 1200 New Jersey Avenue, each compressor building in a com-
SE., Washington, DC 20590-0001; fax pressor station must have a fixed gas
(202) 366–4566; e-mail detection and alarm system, unless the
InformationResourcesManager@phmsa. building is—
dot.gov. The information in the report (1) Constructed so that at least 50
must contain all reasonably available percent of its upright side area is per-
information related to the facility, in- manently open; or
cluding information in the possession (2) Located in an unattended field
of a third party. The report must con- compressor station of 1,000 horsepower
tain the location, size, date, method of (746 kW) or less.
abandonment, and a certification that (b) Except when shutdown of the sys-
the facility has been abandoned in ac- tem is necessary for maintenance
cordance with all applicable laws. under paragraph (c) of this section,
(2) [Reserved] each gas detection and alarm system
required by this section must—
[Amdt. 192–8, 37 FR 20695, Oct. 3, 1972, as (1) Continuously monitor the com-
amended by Amdt. 192–27, 41 FR 34607, Aug. pressor building for a concentration of
16, 1976; Amdt. 192–71, 59 FR 6585, Feb. 11, gas in air of not more than 25 percent
1994; Amdt. 192–89, 65 FR 54443, Sept. 8, 2000;
65 FR 57861, Sept. 26, 2000; 70 FR 11139, Mar.
of the lower explosive limit; and
8, 2005; Amdt. 192–103, 72 FR 4656, Feb. 1, 2007; (2) If that concentration of gas is de-
73 FR 16570, Mar. 28, 2008; 74 FR 2894, Jan. 16, tected, warn persons about to enter the
2009] building and persons inside the build-
ing of the danger.
§ 192.731 Compressor stations: Inspec- (c) Each gas detection and alarm sys-
tion and testing of relief devices. tem required by this section must be
(a) Except for rupture discs, each maintained to function properly. The
pressure relieving device in a com- maintenance must include performance
pressor station must be inspected and tests.
tested in accordance with §§ 192.739 and [58 FR 48464, Sept. 16, 1993, as amended by
192.743, and must be operated periodi- Amdt. 192–85, 63 FR 37504, July 13, 1998]
cally to determine that it opens at the
correct set pressure. § 192.739 Pressure limiting and regu-
(b) Any defective or inadequate lating stations: Inspection and test-
equipment found must be promptly re- ing.
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§ 192.741 49 CFR Ch. I (10–1–10 Edition)
mally high or low pressure, the regu- amended by Amdt. 192–93, 68 FR 53901, Sept.
lator and the auxiliary equipment 15, 2003]
must be inspected and the necessary
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Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration, DOT § 192.755
§ 192.747 Valve maintenance: Distribu- (c) Post warning signs, where appro-
tion systems. priate.
(a) Each valve, the use of which may
§ 192.753 Caulked bell and spigot
be necessary for the safe operation of a joints.
distribution system, must be checked
and serviced at intervals not exceeding (a) Each cast iron caulked bell and
15 months, but at least once each cal- spigot joint that is subject to pressures
endar year. of more than 25 psi (172kPa) gage must
(b) Each operator must take prompt be sealed with:
remedial action to correct any valve (1) A mechanical leak clamp; or
found inoperable, unless the operator (2) A material or device which:
designates an alternative valve. (i) Does not reduce the flexibility of
[Amdt. 192–43, 47 FR 46851, Oct. 21, 1982, as
the joint;
amended by Amdt. 192–93, 68 FR 53901, Sept. (ii) Permanently bonds, either chemi-
15, 2003] cally or mechanically, or both, with
the bell and spigot metal surfaces or
§ 192.749 Vault maintenance. adjacent pipe metal surfaces; and
(a) Each vault housing pressure regu- (iii) Seals and bonds in a manner that
lating and pressure limiting equip- meets the strength, environmental,
ment, and having a volumetric internal and chemical compatibility require-
content of 200 cubic feet (5.66 cubic me- ments of §§ 192.53 (a) and (b) and 192.143.
ters) or more, must be inspected at in- (b) Each cast iron caulked bell and
tervals not exceeding 15 months, but at spigot joint that is subject to pressures
least once each calendar year, to deter- of 25 psi (172kPa) gage or less and is ex-
mine that it is in good physical condi- posed for any reason must be sealed by
tion and adequately ventilated. a means other than caulking.
(b) If gas is found in the vault, the [35 FR 13257, Aug. 19, 1970, as amended by
equipment in the vault must be in- Amdt. 192–25, 41 FR 23680, June 11, 1976;
spected for leaks, and any leaks found Amdt. 192–85, 63 FR 37504, July 13, 1998;
must be repaired. Amdt. 192–93, 68 FR 53901, Sept. 15, 2003]
(c) The ventilating equipment must
also be inspected to determine that it § 192.755 Protecting cast-iron pipe-
is functioning properly. lines.
(d) Each vault cover must be in- When an operator has knowledge
spected to assure that it does not that the support for a segment of a
present a hazard to public safety. buried cast-iron pipeline is disturbed:
[35 FR 13257, Aug. 19, 1970, as amended by (a) That segment of the pipeline must
Amdt. 192–43, 47 FR 46851, Oct. 21, 1982; Amdt. be protected, as necessary, against
192–85, 63 FR 37504, July 13, 1998] damage during the disturbance by:
(1) Vibrations from heavy construc-
§ 192.751 Prevention of accidental igni- tion equipment, trains, trucks, buses,
tion.
or blasting;
Each operator shall take steps to (2) Impact forces by vehicles;
minimize the danger of accidental igni- (3) Earth movement;
tion of gas in any structure or area (4) Apparent future excavations near
where the presence of gas constitutes a the pipeline; or
hazard of fire or explosion, including (5) Other foreseeable outside forces
the following: which may subject that segment of the
(a) When a hazardous amount of gas pipeline to bending stress.
is being vented into open air, each po-
(b) As soon as feasible, appropriate
tential source of ignition must be re-
steps must be taken to provide perma-
moved from the area and a fire extin-
nent protection for the disturbed seg-
guisher must be provided.
ment from damage that might result
(b) Gas or electric welding or cutting
from external loads, including compli-
may not be performed on pipe or on
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§ 192.801 49 CFR Ch. I (10–1–10 Edition)
112
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Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration, DOT § 192.903
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§ 192.905 49 CFR Ch. I (10–1–10 Edition)
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Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration, DOT § 192.911
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§ 192.913 49 CFR Ch. I (10–1–10 Edition)
the program. An operator must make procedures for addressing safety con-
continual improvements to its pro- cerns raised by—
gram. The initial program framework (1) OPS; and
and subsequent program must, at min- (2) A State or local pipeline safety
imum, contain the following elements. authority when a covered segment is
(When indicated, refer to ASME/ANSI located in a State where OPS has an
B31.8S (incorporated by reference, see interstate agent agreement.
§ 192.7) for more detailed information (n) Procedures for providing (when
on the listed element.) requested), by electronic or other
(a) An identification of all high con- means, a copy of the operator’s risk
sequence areas, in accordance with analysis or integrity management pro-
§ 192.905. gram to—
(b) A baseline assessment plan meet- (1) OPS; and
ing the requirements of § 192.919 and (2) A State or local pipeline safety
§ 192.921. authority when a covered segment is
(c) An identification of threats to located in a State where OPS has an
each covered pipeline segment, which interstate agent agreement.
must include data integration and a (o) Procedures for ensuring that each
risk assessment. An operator must use integrity assessment is being con-
the threat identification and risk as- ducted in a manner that minimizes en-
sessment to prioritize covered seg- vironmental and safety risks.
ments for assessment (§ 192.917) and to (p) A process for identification and
evaluate the merits of additional pre- assessment of newly-identified high
ventive and mitigative measures consequence areas. (See § 192.905 and
(§ 192.935) for each covered segment. § 192.921.)
(d) A direct assessment plan, if appli-
cable, meeting the requirements of [68 FR 69817, Dec. 15, 2003, as amended by
Amdt. 192–95, 69 FR 18231, Apr. 6, 2004]
§ 192.923, and depending on the threat
assessed, of §§ 192.925, 192.927, or 192.929. § 192.913 When may an operator devi-
(e) Provisions meeting the require- ate its program from certain re-
ments of § 192.933 for remediating con- quirements of this subpart?
ditions found during an integrity as- (a) General. ASME/ANSI B31.8S (in-
sessment. corporated by reference, see § 192.7) pro-
(f) A process for continual evaluation vides the essential features of a per-
and assessment meeting the require- formance-based or a prescriptive integ-
ments of § 192.937. rity management program. An oper-
(g) If applicable, a plan for confirm- ator that uses a performance-based ap-
atory direct assessment meeting the proach that satisfies the requirements
requirements of § 192.931. for exceptional performance in para-
(h) Provisions meeting the require- graph (b) of this section may deviate
ments of § 192.935 for adding preventive from certain requirements in this sub-
and mitigative measures to protect the part, as provided in paragraph (c) of
high consequence area. this section.
(i) A performance plan as outlined in (b) Exceptional performance. An oper-
ASME/ANSI B31.8S, section 9 that in- ator must be able to demonstrate the
cludes performance measures meeting exceptional performance of its integ-
the requirements of § 192.945. rity management program through the
(j) Record keeping provisions meet- following actions.
ing the requirements of § 192.947. (1) To deviate from any of the re-
(k) A management of change process quirements set forth in paragraph (c) of
as outlined in ASME/ANSI B31.8S, sec- this section, an operator must have a
tion 11. performance-based integrity manage-
(l) A quality assurance process as ment program that meets or exceed the
outlined in ASME/ANSI B31.8S, section performance-based requirements of
12. ASME/ANSI B31.8S and includes, at a
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Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration, DOT § 192.915
(ii) All risk factor data used to sup- (1) The time frame for reassessment
port the program; as provided in § 192.939 except that reas-
(iii) A comprehensive data integra- sessment by some method allowed
tion process; under this subpart (e.g., confirmatory
(iv) A procedure for applying lessons direct assessment) must be carried out
learned from assessment of covered at intervals no longer than seven
pipeline segments to pipeline segments years;
not covered by this subpart; (2) The time frame for remediation as
(v) A procedure for evaluating every provided in § 192.933 if the operator
incident, including its cause, within demonstrates the time frame will not
the operator’s sector of the pipeline in- jeopardize the safety of the covered
dustry for implications both to the op- segment.
erator’s pipeline system and to the op-
[68 FR 69817, Dec. 15, 2003, as amended by
erator’s integrity management pro- Amdt. 192–95, 69 FR 18231, Apr. 6, 2004]
gram;
(vi) A performance matrix that dem- § 192.915 What knowledge and training
onstrates the program has been effec- must personnel have to carry out
tive in ensuring the integrity of the an integrity management program?
covered segments by controlling the (a) Supervisory personnel. The integ-
identified threats to the covered seg- rity management program must pro-
ments; vide that each supervisor whose re-
(vii) Semi-annual performance meas- sponsibilities relate to the integrity
ures beyond those required in § 192.945 management program possesses and
that are part of the operator’s perform- maintains a thorough knowledge of the
ance plan. (See § 192.911(i).) An operator integrity management program and of
must submit these measures, by elec-
the elements for which the supervisor
tronic or other means, on a semi-an-
is responsible. The program must pro-
nual frequency to OPS in accordance
vide that any person who qualifies as a
with § 192.951; and
supervisor for the integrity manage-
(viii) An analysis that supports the
ment program has appropriate training
desired integrity reassessment interval
or experience in the area for which the
and the remediation methods to be
person is responsible.
used for all covered segments.
(b) Persons who carry out assessments
(2) In addition to the requirements
and evaluate assessment results. The in-
for the performance-based plan, an op-
tegrity management program must
erator must—
provide criteria for the qualification of
(i) Have completed at least two in-
any person—
tegrity assessments on each covered
pipeline segment the operator is in- (1) Who conducts an integrity assess-
cluding under the performance-based ment allowed under this subpart; or
approach, and be able to demonstrate (2) Who reviews and analyzes the re-
that each assessment effectively ad- sults from an integrity assessment and
dressed the identified threats on the evaluation; or
covered segment. (3) Who makes decisions on actions
(ii) Remediate all anomalies identi- to be taken based on these assess-
fied in the more recent assessment ac- ments.
cording to the requirements in § 192.933, (c) Persons responsible for preventive
and incorporate the results and lessons and mitigative measures. The integrity
learned from the more recent assess- management program must provide
ment into the operator’s data integra- criteria for the qualification of any
tion and risk assessment. person—
(c) Deviation. Once an operator has (1) Who implements preventive and
demonstrated that it has satisfied the mitigative measures to carry out this
requirements of paragraph (b) of this subpart, including the marking and lo-
section, the operator may deviate from cating of buried structures; or
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§ 192.917 49 CFR Ch. I (10–1–10 Edition)
§ 192.917 How does an operator iden- covered segment using the information
tify potential threats to pipeline in- in sections 4 and 5 of ASME B31.8S, and
tegrity and use the threat identi- consider any threats unique to the in-
fication in its integrity program? tegrity of plastic pipe.
(a) Threat identification. An operator (e) Actions to address particular
must identify and evaluate all poten- threats. If an operator identifies any of
tial threats to each covered pipeline the following threats, the operator
segment. Potential threats that an op- must take the following actions to ad-
erator must consider include, but are dress the threat.
not limited to, the threats listed in (1) Third party damage. An operator
ASME/ANSI B31.8S (incorporated by must utilize the data integration re-
reference, see § 192.7), section 2, which quired in paragraph (b) of this section
are grouped under the following four and ASME/ANSI B31.8S, Appendix A7
categories: to determine the susceptibility of each
(1) Time dependent threats such as covered segment to the threat of third
internal corrosion, external corrosion, party damage. If an operator identifies
and stress corrosion cracking; the threat of third party damage, the
(2) Static or resident threats, such as operator must implement comprehen-
fabrication or construction defects; sive additional preventive measures in
(3) Time independent threats such as accordance with § 192.935 and monitor
third party damage and outside force the effectiveness of the preventive
damage; and measures. If, in conducting a baseline
(4) Human error. assessment under § 192.921, or a reas-
(b) Data gathering and integration. To sessment under § 192.937, an operator
identify and evaluate the potential uses an internal inspection tool or ex-
threats to a covered pipeline segment, ternal corrosion direct assessment, the
an operator must gather and integrate operator must integrate data from
existing data and information on the these assessments with data related to
entire pipeline that could be relevant any encroachment or foreign line
to the covered segment. In performing crossing on the covered segment, to de-
this data gathering and integration, an fine where potential indications of
operator must follow the requirements third party damage may exist in the
in ASME/ANSI B31.8S, section 4. At a covered segment.
minimum, an operator must gather and An operator must also have proce-
evaluate the set of data specified in Ap- dures in its integrity management pro-
pendix A to ASME/ANSI B31.8S, and gram addressing actions it will take to
consider both on the covered segment respond to findings from this data inte-
and similar non-covered segments, past gration.
incident history, corrosion control (2) Cyclic fatigue. An operator must
records, continuing surveillance evaluate whether cyclic fatigue or
records, patrolling records, mainte- other loading condition (including
nance history, internal inspection ground movement, suspension bridge
records and all other conditions spe- condition) could lead to a failure of a
cific to each pipeline. deformation, including a dent or gouge,
(c) Risk assessment. An operator must or other defect in the covered segment.
conduct a risk assessment that follows An evaluation must assume the pres-
ASME/ANSI B31.8S, section 5, and con- ence of threats in the covered segment
siders the identified threats for each that could be exacerbated by cyclic fa-
covered segment. An operator must use tigue. An operator must use the results
the risk assessment to prioritize the from the evaluation together with the
covered segments for the baseline and criteria used to evaluate the signifi-
continual reassessments (§§ 192.919, cance of this threat to the covered seg-
192.921, 192.937), and to determine what ment to prioritize the integrity base-
additional preventive and mitigative line assessment or reassessment.
measures are needed (§ 192.935) for the (3) Manufacturing and construction de-
covered segment. fects. If an operator identifies the
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Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration, DOT § 192.921
analyze the covered segment to deter- ator’s established operating and main-
mine the risk of failure from these de- tenance procedures under part 192 for
fects. The analysis must consider the testing and repair.
results of prior assessments on the cov- [68 FR 69817, Dec. 15, 2003, as amended by
ered segment. An operator may con- Amdt. 192–95, 69 FR 18231, Apr. 6, 2004]
sider manufacturing and construction
related defects to be stable defects if § 192.919 What must be in the baseline
the operating pressure on the covered assessment plan?
segment has not increased over the An operator must include each of the
maximum operating pressure experi- following elements in its written base-
enced during the five years preceding line assessment plan:
identification of the high consequence (a) Identification of the potential
area. If any of the following changes threats to each covered pipeline seg-
occur in the covered segment, an oper- ment and the information supporting
ator must prioritize the covered seg- the threat identification. (See
ment as a high risk segment for the § 192.917.);
baseline assessment or a subsequent re- (b) The methods selected to assess
assessment. the integrity of the line pipe, including
(i) Operating pressure increases an explanation of why the assessment
above the maximum operating pressure method was selected to address the
experienced during the preceding five identified threats to each covered seg-
years; ment. The integrity assessment meth-
(ii) MAOP increases; or od an operator uses must be based on
(iii) The stresses leading to cyclic fa- the threats identified to the covered
tigue increase. segment. (See § 192.917.) More than one
(4) ERW pipe. If a covered pipeline method may be required to address all
segment contains low frequency elec- the threats to the covered pipeline seg-
tric resistance welded pipe (ERW), lap ment;
welded pipe or other pipe that satisfies (c) A schedule for completing the in-
the conditions specified in ASME/ANSI tegrity assessment of all covered seg-
B31.8S, Appendices A4.3 and A4.4, and ments, including risk factors consid-
any covered or noncovered segment in ered in establishing the assessment
the pipeline system with such pipe has schedule;
experienced seam failure, or operating (d) If applicable, a direct assessment
pressure on the covered segment has plan that meets the requirements of
increased over the maximum operating §§ 192.923, and depending on the threat
pressure experienced during the pre- to be addressed, of § 192.925, § 192.927, or
ceding five years, an operator must se- § 192.929; and
lect an assessment technology or tech- (e) A procedure to ensure that the
nologies with a proven application ca- baseline assessment is being conducted
pable of assessing seam integrity and in a manner that minimizes environ-
seam corrosion anomalies. The oper- mental and safety risks.
ator must prioritize the covered seg-
ment as a high risk segment for the § 192.921 How is the baseline assess-
baseline assessment or a subsequent re- ment to be conducted?
assessment. (a) Assessment methods. An operator
(5) Corrosion. If an operator identifies must assess the integrity of the line
corrosion on a covered pipeline seg- pipe in each covered segment by apply-
ment that could adversely affect the ing one or more of the following meth-
integrity of the line (conditions speci- ods depending on the threats to which
fied in § 192.933), the operator must the covered segment is susceptible. An
evaluate and remediate, as necessary, operator must select the method or
all pipeline segments (both covered and methods best suited to address the
non-covered) with similar material threats identified to the covered seg-
coating and environmental character- ment (See § 192.917).
istics. An operator must establish a (1) Internal inspection tool or tools
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schedule for evaluating and remedi- capable of detecting corrosion, and any
ating, as necessary, the similar seg- other threats to which the covered seg-
ments that is consistent with the oper- ment is susceptible. An operator must
119
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§ 192.923 49 CFR Ch. I (10–1–10 Edition)
ber 17, 2007. An operator must complete under this subpart. An operator may
the baseline assessment of all covered only use direct assessment as the pri-
segments by December 17, 2012. mary assessment method to address
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Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration, DOT § 192.925
the identified threats of external corro- section 6.4 and NACE SP0502–2008, sec-
sion (ECDA), internal corrosion tion 3, the plan’s procedures for
(ICDA), and stress corrosion cracking preassessment must include—
(SCCDA). (i) Provisions for applying more re-
(b) Primary method. An operator using strictive criteria when conducting
direct assessment as a primary assess- ECDA for the first time on a covered
ment method must have a plan that segment; and
complies with the requirements in— (ii) The basis on which an operator
(1) ASME/ANSI B31.8S (incorporated selects at least two different, but com-
by reference, see § 192.7), section 6.4; plementary indirect assessment tools
NACE SP0502–2008 (incorporated by ref- to assess each ECDA Region. If an op-
erence, see § 192.7); and § 192.925 if ad- erator utilizes an indirect inspection
dressing external corrosion (ECDA). method that is not discussed in Appen-
(2) ASME/ANSI B31.8S, section 6.4 dix A of NACE SP0502–2008, the oper-
and appendix B2, and § 192.927 if ad- ator must demonstrate the applica-
dressing internal corrosion (ICDA). bility, validation basis, equipment
(3) ASME/ANSI B31.8S, appendix A3, used, application procedure, and utili-
and § 192.929 if addressing stress corro- zation of data for the inspection meth-
sion cracking (SCCDA). od.
(c) Supplemental method. An operator (2) Indirect examination. In addition to
using direct assessment as a supple- the requirements in ASME/ANSI B31.8S
mental assessment method for any ap- section 6.4 and NACE SP0502–2008, sec-
plicable threat must have a plan that tion 4, the plan’s procedures for indi-
follows the requirements for confirm- rect examination of the ECDA regions
atory direct assessment in § 192.931. must include—
[68 FR 69817, Dec. 15, 2003, as amended by (i) Provisions for applying more re-
Amdt. 192–114, 75 FR 48604, Aug. 11, 2010] strictive criteria when conducting
ECDA for the first time on a covered
§ 192.925 What are the requirements segment;
for using External Corrosion Direct (ii) Criteria for identifying and docu-
Assessment (ECDA)? menting those indications that must be
(a) Definition. ECDA is a four-step considered for excavation and direct
process that combines preassessment, examination. Minimum identification
indirect inspection, direct examina- criteria include the known sensitivities
tion, and post assessment to evaluate of assessment tools, the procedures for
the threat of external corrosion to the using each tool, and the approach to be
integrity of a pipeline. used for decreasing the physical spac-
(b) General requirements. An operator ing of indirect assessment tool read-
that uses direct assessment to assess ings when the presence of a defect is
the threat of external corrosion must suspected;
follow the requirements in this section, (iii) Criteria for defining the urgency
in ASME/ANSI B31.8S (incorporated by of excavation and direct examination
reference, see § 192.7), section 6.4, and in of each indication identified during the
NACE SP0502–2008 (incorporated by ref- indirect examination. These criteria
erence, see § 192.7). An operator must must specify how an operator will de-
develop and implement a direct assess- fine the urgency of excavating the indi-
ment plan that has procedures address- cation as immediate, scheduled or
ing preassessment, indirect examina- monitored; and
tion, direct examination, and post-as- (iv) Criteria for scheduling exca-
sessment. If the ECDA detects pipeline vation of indications for each urgency
coating damage, the operator must level.
also integrate the data from the ECDA (3) Direct examination. In addition to
with other information from the data the requirements in ASME/ANSI B31.8S
integration (§ 192.917(b)) to evaluate the section 6.4 and NACE SP0502–2008, sec-
covered segment for the threat of third tion 5, the plan’s procedures for direct
party damage, and to address the examination of indications from the in-
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§ 192.927 49 CFR Ch. I (10–1–10 Edition)
ECDA for the first time on a covered with CO2, O2, hydrogen sulfide or other
segment; contaminants present in the gas.
(ii) Criteria for deciding what action (b) General requirements. An operator
should be taken if either: using direct assessment as an assess-
(A) Corrosion defects are discovered ment method to address internal corro-
that exceed allowable limits (Section sion in a covered pipeline segment
5.5.2.2 of NACE SP0502–2008), or must follow the requirements in this
(B) Root cause analysis reveals con- section and in ASME/ANSI B31.8S (in-
ditions for which ECDA is not suitable corporated by reference, see § 192.7), sec-
(Section 5.6.2 of NACE SP0502–2008); tion 6.4 and appendix B2. The ICDA
(iii) Criteria and notification proce- process described in this section ap-
dures for any changes in the ECDA plies only for a segment of pipe trans-
Plan, including changes that affect the porting nominally dry natural gas, and
severity classification, the priority of not for a segment with electrolyte
direct examination, and the time frame nominally present in the gas stream. If
for direct examination of indications; an operator uses ICDA to assess a cov-
and ered segment operating with electro-
(iv) Criteria that describe how and on lyte present in the gas stream, the op-
what basis an operator will reclassify erator must develop a plan that dem-
and reprioritize any of the provisions onstrates how it will conduct ICDA in
that are specified in section 5.9 of the segment to effectively address in-
NACE SP0502–2008. ternal corrosion, and must provide no-
(4) Post assessment and continuing tification in accordance with § 192.921
evaluation. In addition to the require- (a)(4) or § 192.937(c)(4).
ments in ASME/ANSI B31.8S section 6.4
(c) The ICDA plan. An operator must
and NACE SP0502–2008, section 6, the
develop and follow an ICDA plan that
plan’s procedures for post assessment
provides for preassessment, identifica-
of the effectiveness of the ECDA proc-
tion of ICDA regions and excavation lo-
ess must include—
cations, detailed examination of pipe
(i) Measures for evaluating the long-
at excavation locations, and post-as-
term effectiveness of ECDA in address-
ing external corrosion in covered seg- sessment evaluation and monitoring.
ments; and (1) Preassessment. In the preassess-
(ii) Criteria for evaluating whether ment stage, an operator must gather
conditions discovered by direct exam- and integrate data and information
ination of indications in each ECDA re- needed to evaluate the feasibility of
gion indicate a need for reassessment ICDA for the covered segment, and to
of the covered segment at an interval support use of a model to identify the
less than that specified in § 192.939. (See locations along the pipe segment where
Appendix D of NACE SP0502–2008.) electrolyte may accumulate, to iden-
tify ICDA regions, and to identify areas
[68 FR 69817, Dec. 15, 2003, as amended by within the covered segment where liq-
Amdt. 192–95, 69 FR 29904, May 26, 2004; Amdt.
192–114, 75 FR 48604, Aug. 11, 2010]
uids may potentially be entrained. This
data and information includes, but is
§ 192.927 What are the requirements not limited to—
for using Internal Corrosion Direct (i) All data elements listed in appen-
Assessment (ICDA)? dix A2 of ASME/ANSI B31.8S;
(a) Definition. Internal Corrosion Di- (ii) Information needed to support
rect Assessment (ICDA) is a process an use of a model that an operator must
operator uses to identify areas along use to identify areas along the pipeline
the pipeline where fluid or other elec- where internal corrosion is most likely
trolyte introduced during normal oper- to occur. (See paragraph (a) of this sec-
ation or by an upset condition may re- tion.) This information, includes, but is
side, and then focuses direct examina- not limited to, location of all gas input
tion on the locations in covered seg- and withdrawal points on the line; lo-
ments where internal corrosion is most cation of all low points on covered seg-
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likely to exist. The process identifies ments such as sags, drips, inclines,
the potential for internal corrosion valves, manifolds, dead-legs, and traps;
caused by microorganisms, or fluid the elevation profile of the pipeline in
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Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration, DOT § 192.927
sufficient detail that angles of inclina- sags, drips, valves, manifolds, dead-
tion can be calculated for all pipe seg- legs, traps) within the covered segment
ments; and the diameter of the pipe- nearest to the beginning of the ICDA
line, and the range of expected gas ve- Region. The second location must be
locities in the pipeline; further downstream, within a covered
(iii) Operating experience data that segment, near the end of the ICDA Re-
would indicate historic upsets in gas gion. If corrosion exists at either loca-
conditions, locations where these up- tion, the operator must—
sets have occurred, and potential dam- (i) Evaluate the severity of the defect
age resulting from these upset condi- (remaining strength) and remediate
tions; and the defect in accordance with § 192.933;
(iv) Information on covered segments (ii) As part of the operator’s current
where cleaning pigs may not have been integrity assessment either perform
used or where cleaning pigs may de- additional excavations in each covered
posit electrolytes. segment within the ICDA region, or use
(2) ICDA region identification. An oper- an alternative assessment method al-
ator’s plan must identify where all lowed by this subpart to assess the line
ICDA Regions are located in the trans- pipe in each covered segment within
mission system, in which covered seg- the ICDA region for internal corrosion;
ments are located. An ICDA Region ex- and
tends from the location where liquid (iii) Evaluate the potential for inter-
may first enter the pipeline and encom- nal corrosion in all pipeline segments
passes the entire area along the pipe- (both covered and non-covered) in the
line where internal corrosion may operator’s pipeline system with similar
occur and where further evaluation is characteristics to the ICDA region con-
needed. An ICDA Region may encom- taining the covered segment in which
pass one or more covered segments. In the corrosion was found, and as appro-
the identification process, an operator priate, remediate the conditions the
must use the model in GRI 02–0057, operator finds in accordance with
‘‘Internal Corrosion Direct Assessment § 192.933.
of Gas Transmission Pipelines—Meth- (4) Post-assessment evaluation and
odology,’’ (incorporated by reference, monitoring. An operator’s plan must
see § 192.7). An operator may use an- provide for evaluating the effectiveness
other model if the operator dem- of the ICDA process and continued
onstrates it is equivalent to the one monitoring of covered segments where
shown in GRI 02–0057. A model must internal corrosion has been identified.
consider changes in pipe diameter, lo- The evaluation and monitoring process
cations where gas enters a line (poten- includes—
tial to introduce liquid) and locations (i) Evaluating the effectiveness of
down stream of gas draw-offs (where ICDA as an assessment method for ad-
gas velocity is reduced) to define the dressing internal corrosion and deter-
critical pipe angle of inclination above mining whether a covered segment
which water film cannot be transported should be reassessed at more frequent
by the gas. intervals than those specified in
(3) Identification of locations for exca- § 192.939. An operator must carry out
vation and direct examination. An opera- this evaluation within a year of con-
tor’s plan must identify the locations ducting an ICDA; and
where internal corrosion is most likely (ii) Continually monitoring each cov-
in each ICDA region. In the location ered segment where internal corrosion
identification process, an operator has been identified using techniques
must identify a minimum of two loca- such as coupons, UT sensors or elec-
tions for excavation within each ICDA tronic probes, periodically drawing off
Region within a covered segment and liquids at low points and chemically
must perform a direct examination for analyzing the liquids for the presence
internal corrosion at each location, of corrosion products. An operator
using ultrasonic thickness measure- must base the frequency of the moni-
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§ 192.929 49 CFR Ch. I (10–1–10 Edition)
with the requirements of this subpart, (1) Data gathering and integration. An
and risk factors specific to the covered operator’s plan must provide for a sys-
segment. If an operator finds any evi- tematic process to collect and evaluate
dence of corrosion products in the cov- data for all covered segments to iden-
ered segment, the operator must take tify whether the conditions for SCC are
prompt action in accordance with one present and to prioritize the covered
of the two following required actions segments for assessment. This process
and remediate the conditions the oper- must include gathering and evaluating
ator finds in accordance with § 192.933. data related to SCC at all sites an oper-
(A) Conduct excavations of covered ator excavates during the conduct of
segments at locations downstream its pipeline operations where the cri-
from where the electrolyte might have teria in ASME/ANSI B31.8S (incor-
entered the pipe; or porated by reference, see § 192.7), appen-
(B) Assess the covered segment using dix A3.3 indicate the potential for SCC.
another integrity assessment method This data includes at minimum, the
allowed by this subpart. data specified in ASME/ANSI B31.8S,
(5) Other requirements. The ICDA plan appendix A3.
must also include— (2) Assessment method. The plan must
provide that if conditions for SCC are
(i) Criteria an operator will apply in
identified in a covered segment, an op-
making key decisions (e.g., ICDA feasi-
erator must assess the covered segment
bility, definition of ICDA Regions, con-
using an integrity assessment method
ditions requiring excavation) in imple-
specified in ASME/ANSI B31.8S, appen-
menting each stage of the ICDA proc-
dix A3, and remediate the threat in ac-
ess;
cordance with ASME/ANSI B31.8S, ap-
(ii) Provisions for applying more re- pendix A3, section A3.4.
strictive criteria when conducting
ICDA for the first time on a covered [68 FR 69817, Dec. 15, 2003, as amended by
segment and that become less strin- Amdt. 192–95, 69 FR 18233, Apr. 6, 2004]
gent as the operator gains experience;
§ 192.931 How may Confirmatory Di-
and rect Assessment (CDA) be used?
(iii) Provisions that analysis be car-
ried out on the entire pipeline in which An operator using the confirmatory
covered segments are present, except direct assessment (CDA) method as al-
that application of the remediation cri- lowed in § 192.937 must have a plan that
teria of § 192.933 may be limited to cov- meets the requirements of this section
ered segments. and of §§ 192.925 (ECDA) and § 192.927
(ICDA).
[68 FR 69817, Dec. 15, 2003, as amended by (a) Threats. An operator may only use
Amdt. 192–95, 69 FR 18232, Apr. 6, 2004] CDA on a covered segment to identify
damage resulting from external corro-
§ 192.929 What are the requirements sion or internal corrosion.
for using Direct Assessment for (b) External corrosion plan. An opera-
Stress Corrosion Cracking
(SCCDA)? tor’s CDA plan for identifying external
corrosion must comply with § 192.925
(a) Definition. Stress Corrosion with the following exceptions.
Cracking Direct Assessment (SCCDA) (1) The procedures for indirect exam-
is a process to assess a covered pipe ination may allow use of only one indi-
segment for the presence of SCC pri- rect examination tool suitable for the
marily by systematically gathering application.
and analyzing excavation data for pipe (2) The procedures for direct exam-
having similar operational characteris- ination and remediation must provide
tics and residing in a similar physical that—
environment. (i) All immediate action indications
(b) General requirements. An operator must be excavated for each ECDA re-
using direct assessment as an integrity gion; and
assessment method to address stress (ii) At least one high risk indication
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corrosion cracking in a covered pipe- that meets the criteria of scheduled ac-
line segment must have a plan that tion must be excavated in each ECDA
provides, at minimum, for— region.
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Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration, DOT § 192.933
(c) Internal corrosion plan. An opera- appendix A to this part for information
tor’s CDA plan for identifying internal on availability of incorporation by ref-
corrosion must comply with § 192.927 erence information.) An operator must
except that the plan’s procedures for notify PHMSA in accordance with
identifying locations for excavation § 192.949 if it cannot meet the schedule
may require excavation of only one for evaluation and remediation re-
high risk location in each ICDA region. quired under paragraph (c) of this sec-
(d) Defects requiring near-term remedi- tion and cannot provide safety through
ation. If an assessment carried out temporary reduction in operating pres-
under paragraph (b) or (c) of this sec- sure or other action. An operator must
tion reveals any defect requiring reme- also notify a State pipeline safety au-
diation prior to the next scheduled as- thority when either a covered segment
sessment, the operator must schedule is located in a State where PHMSA has
the next assessment in accordance with an interstate agent agreement, or an
NACE SP0502–2008 (incorporated by ref- intrastate covered segment is regu-
erence, see § 192.7), section 6.2 and 6.3. If lated by that State.
the defect requires immediate remedi- (2) Long-term pressure reduction. When
ation, then the operator must reduce a pressure reduction exceeds 365 days,
pressure consistent with § 192.933 until the operator must notify PHMSA
the operator has completed reassess- under § 192.949 and explain the reasons
ment using one of the assessment tech- for the remediation delay. This notice
niques allowed in § 192.937. must include a technical justification
[68 FR 69817, Dec. 15, 2003, as amended by that the continued pressure reduction
Amdt. 192–114, 75 FR 48604, Aug. 11, 2010] will not jeopardize the integrity of the
pipeline. The operator also must notify
§ 192.933 What actions must be taken a State pipeline safety authority when
to address integrity issues? either a covered segment is located in
(a) General requirements. An operator a State where PHMSA has an inter-
must take prompt action to address all state agent agreement, or an intrastate
anomalous conditions the operator dis- covered segment is regulated by that
covers through the integrity assess- State.
ment. In addressing all conditions, an (b) Discovery of condition. Discovery
operator must evaluate all anomalous of a condition occurs when an operator
conditions and remediate those that has adequate information about a con-
could reduce a pipeline’s integrity. An dition to determine that the condition
operator must be able to demonstrate presents a potential threat to the in-
that the remediation of the condition tegrity of the pipeline. A condition
will ensure the condition is unlikely to that presents a potential threat in-
pose a threat to the integrity of the cludes, but is not limited to, those con-
pipeline until the next reassessment of ditions that require remediation or
the covered segment. monitoring listed under paragraphs
(1) Temporary pressure reduction. If an (d)(1) through (d)(3) of this section. An
operator is unable to respond within operator must promptly, but no later
the time limits for certain conditions than 180 days after conducting an in-
specified in this section, the operator tegrity assessment, obtain sufficient
must temporarily reduce the operating information about a condition to make
pressure of the pipeline or take other that determination, unless the oper-
action that ensures the safety of the ator demonstrates that the 180-day pe-
covered segment. An operator must de- riod is impracticable.
termine any temporary reduction in (c) Schedule for evaluation and remedi-
operating pressure required by this sec- ation. An operator must complete re-
tion using ASME/ANSI B31G (incor- mediation of a condition according to a
porated by reference, see § 192.7) or AGA schedule prioritizing the conditions for
Pipeline Research Committee Project evaluation and remediation. Unless a
PR–3–805 (‘‘RSTRENG,’’ incorporated special requirement for remediating
by reference, see § 192.7) or reduce the certain conditions applies, as provided
wwoods2 on DSK1DXX6B1PROD with CFR
operating pressure to a level not ex- in paragraph (d) of this section, an op-
ceeding 80 percent of the level at the erator must follow the schedule in
time the condition was discovered. (See ASME/ANSI B31.8S (incorporated by
125
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§ 192.935 49 CFR Ch. I (10–1–10 Edition)
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Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration, DOT § 192.935
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§ 192.937 49 CFR Ch. I (10–1–10 Edition)
(e) Plastic transmission pipeline. An op- must assess the integrity of the line
erator of a plastic transmission pipe- pipe in the covered segment by any of
line must apply the requirements in the following methods as appropriate
paragraphs (b)(1)(i), (b)(1)(iii) and for the threats to which the covered
(b)(1)(iv) of this section to the covered segment is susceptible (see § 192.917), or
segments of the pipeline. by confirmatory direct assessment
under the conditions specified in
[68 FR 69817, Dec. 15, 2003, as amended by
Amdt. 192–95, 69 FR 18233, Apr. 6, 2004; Amdt.
§ 192.931.
192–95, 69 FR 29904, May 26, 2004; Amdt. 192– (1) Internal inspection tool or tools
114, 75 FR 48604, Aug. 11, 2010] capable of detecting corrosion, and any
other threats to which the covered seg-
§ 192.937 What is a continual process ment is susceptible. An operator must
of evaluation and assessment to follow ASME/ANSI B31.8S (incor-
maintain a pipeline’s integrity? porated by reference, see § 192.7), sec-
(a) General. After completing the tion 6.2 in selecting the appropriate in-
baseline integrity assessment of a cov- ternal inspection tools for the covered
ered segment, an operator must con- segment.
tinue to assess the line pipe of that (2) Pressure test conducted in accord-
segment at the intervals specified in ance with subpart J of this part. An op-
§ 192.939 and periodically evaluate the erator must use the test pressures
integrity of each covered pipeline seg- specified in Table 3 of section 5 of
ment as provided in paragraph (b) of ASME/ANSI B31.8S, to justify an ex-
this section. An operator must reassess tended reassessment interval in accord-
a covered segment on which a prior as- ance with § 192.939.
sessment is credited as a baseline (3) Direct assessment to address
under § 192.921(e) by no later than De- threats of external corrosion, internal
cember 17, 2009. An operator must reas- corrosion, or stress corrosion cracking.
sess a covered segment on which a An operator must conduct the direct
baseline assessment is conducted dur- assessment in accordance with the re-
ing the baseline period specified in quirements listed in § 192.923 and with
§ 192.921(d) by no later than seven years as applicable, the requirements speci-
after the baseline assessment of that fied in §§ 192.925, 192.927 or 192.929;
covered segment unless the evaluation (4) Other technology that an operator
under paragraph (b) of this section in- demonstrates can provide an equiva-
dicates earlier reassessment. lent understanding of the condition of
(b) Evaluation. An operator must con- the line pipe. An operator choosing this
duct a periodic evaluation as fre- option must notify the Office of Pipe-
quently as needed to assure the integ- line Safety (OPS) 180 days before con-
rity of each covered segment. The peri- ducting the assessment, in accordance
odic evaluation must be based on a with § 192.949. An operator must also
data integration and risk assessment of notify a State or local pipeline safety
the entire pipeline as specified in authority when either a covered seg-
§ 192.917. For plastic transmission pipe- ment is located in a State where OPS
lines, the periodic evaluation is based has an interstate agent agreement, or
on the threat analysis specified in an intrastate covered segment is regu-
192.917(d). For all other transmission lated by that State.
pipelines, the evaluation must consider (5) Confirmatory direct assessment
the past and present integrity assess- when used on a covered segment that is
ment results, data integration and risk scheduled for reassessment at a period
assessment information (§ 192.917), and longer than seven years. An operator
decisions about remediation (§ 192.933) using this reassessment method must
and additional preventive and mitiga- comply with § 192.931.
tive actions (§ 192.935). An operator [68 FR 69817, Dec. 15, 2003, as amended by
must use the results from this evalua- Amdt. 192–95, 69 FR 18234, Apr. 6, 2004]
tion to identify the threats specific to
each covered segment and the risk rep- § 192.939 What are the required reas-
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Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration, DOT § 192.939
the reassessment interval for the oper- (i) Determine the largest defect most
ator’s covered pipeline segments. likely to remain in the covered seg-
(a) Pipelines operating at or above 30% ment and the corrosion rate appro-
SMYS. An operator must establish a re- priate for the pipe, soil and protection
assessment interval for each covered conditions;
segment operating at or above 30% (ii) Use the largest remaining defect
SMYS in accordance with the require- as the size of the largest defect discov-
ments of this section. The maximum ered in the SCC or ICDA segment; and
reassessment interval by an allowable (iii) Estimate the reassessment inter-
reassessment method is seven years. If val as half the time required for the
an operator establishes a reassessment largest defect to grow to a critical size.
interval that is greater than seven (b) Pipelines Operating Below 30%
years, the operator must, within the SMYS. An operator must establish a re-
seven-year period, conduct a confirm- assessment interval for each covered
atory direct assessment on the covered segment operating below 30% SMYS in
segment, and then conduct the follow- accordance with the requirements of
up reassessment at the interval the op- this section. The maximum reassess-
erator has established. A reassessment ment interval by an allowable reassess-
carried out using confirmatory direct ment method is seven years. An oper-
assessment must be done in accordance ator must establish reassessment by at
with § 192.931. The table that follows least one of the following—
this section sets forth the maximum (1) Reassessment by pressure test, in-
allowed reassessment intervals. ternal inspection or other equivalent
(1) Pressure test or internal inspection technology following the requirements
or other equivalent technology. An oper- in paragraph (a)(1) of this section ex-
ator that uses pressure testing or in- cept that the stress level referenced in
ternal inspection as an assessment paragraph (a)(1)(ii) of this section
method must establish the reassess- would be adjusted to reflect the lower
ment interval for a covered pipeline operating stress level. If an established
segment by— interval is more than seven years, the
(i) Basing the interval on the identi- operator must conduct by the seventh
fied threats for the covered segment year of the interval either a confirm-
(see § 192.917) and on the analysis of the atory direct assessment in accordance
results from the last integrity assess- with § 192.931, or a low stress reassess-
ment and from the data integration ment in accordance with § 192.941.
and risk assessment required by (2) Reassessment by ECDA following
§ 192.917; or the requirements in paragraph (a)(2) of
(ii) Using the intervals specified for this section.
different stress levels of pipeline (oper- (3) Reassessment by ICDA or SCCDA
ating at or above 30% SMYS) listed in following the requirements in para-
ASME/ANSI B31.8S, section 5, Table 3. graph (a)(3) of this section.
(2) External Corrosion Direct Assess- (4) Reassessment by confirmatory di-
ment. An operator that uses ECDA that rect assessment at 7-year intervals in
meets the requirements of this subpart accordance with § 192.931, with reassess-
must determine the reassessment in- ment by one of the methods listed in
terval according to the requirements in paragraphs (b)(1) through (b)(3) of this
paragraphs 6.2 and 6.3 of NACE SP0502– section by year 20 of the interval.
2008 (incorporated by reference, see (5) Reassessment by the low stress
§ 192.7). assessment method at 7-year intervals
(3) Internal Corrosion or SCC Direct As- in accordance with § 192.941 with reas-
sessment. An operator that uses ICDA sessment by one of the methods listed
or SCCDA in accordance with the re- in paragraphs (b)(1) through (b)(3) of
quirements of this subpart must deter- this section by year 20 of the interval.
mine the reassessment interval accord- (6) The following table sets forth the
ing to the following method. However, maximum reassessment intervals. Also
the reassessment interval cannot ex- refer to Appendix E.II for guidance on
wwoods2 on DSK1DXX6B1PROD with CFR
ceed those specified for direct assess- Assessment Methods and Assessment
ment in ASME/ANSI B31.8S, section 5, Schedule for Transmission Pipelines
Table 3. Operating Below 30% SMYS. In case of
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§ 192.941 49 CFR Ch. I (10–1–10 Edition)
conflict between the rule and the guid- comply with the following require-
ance in the Appendix, the requirements ments in establishing a reassessment
of the rule control. An operator must interval for a covered segment:
MAXIMUM REASSESSMENT INTERVAL
Pipeline operating at or above Pipeline operating at or above Pipeline operating below 30%
Assessment method 50% SMYS 30% SMYS, up to 50% SMYS SMYS
Internal Inspection Tool, Pres- 10 years (*) ............................. 15 years (*) ............................. 20 years.(**)
sure Test or Direct Assess-
ment.
Confirmatory Direct Assess- 7 years ................................... 7 years ................................... 7 years.
ment.
Low Stress Reassessment ...... Not applicable ........................ Not applicable ........................ 7 years + ongoing actions
specified in § 192.941.
(*) A Confirmatory direct assessment as described in § 192.931 must be conducted by year 7 in a 10-year interval and years 7
and 14 of a 15-year interval.
(**) A low stress reassessment or Confirmatory direct assessment must be conducted by years 7 and 14 of the interval.
[68 FR 69817, Dec. 15, 2003, as amended by Amdt. 192–95, 69 FR 18234, Apr. 6, 2004; 192–114, 75
FR 48604, Aug. 11, 2010]
§ 192.941 What is a low stress reassess- (i) Conduct leakage surveys as re-
ment? quired by § 192.706 at 4-month intervals;
and
(a) General. An operator of a trans-
(ii) Every 18 months, identify and re-
mission line that operates below 30%
mediate areas of active corrosion by
SMYS may use the following method
evaluating leak repair and inspection
to reassess a covered segment in ac-
records, corrosion monitoring records,
cordance with § 192.939. This method of exposed pipe inspection records, and
reassessment addresses the threats of the pipeline environment.
external and internal corrosion. The (c) Internal corrosion. To address the
operator must have conducted a base- threat of internal corrosion on a cov-
line assessment of the covered segment ered segment, an operator must—
in accordance with the requirements of (1) Conduct a gas analysis for corro-
§§ 192.919 and 192.921. sive agents at least once each calendar
(b) External corrosion. An operator year;
must take one of the following actions (2) Conduct periodic testing of fluids
to address external corrosion on the removed from the segment. At least
low stress covered segment. once each calendar year test the fluids
(1) Cathodically protected pipe. To ad- removed from each storage field that
dress the threat of external corrosion may affect a covered segment; and
on cathodically protected pipe in a cov- (3) At least every seven (7) years, in-
ered segment, an operator must per- tegrate data from the analysis and
form an electrical survey (i.e. indirect testing required by paragraphs (c)(1)–
examination tool/method) at least (c)(2) with applicable internal corro-
every 7 years on the covered segment. sion leak records, incident reports,
An operator must use the results of safety-related condition reports, repair
each survey as part of an overall eval- records, patrol records, exposed pipe re-
uation of the cathodic protection and ports, and test records, and define and
corrosion threat for the covered seg- implement appropriate remediation ac-
ment. This evaluation must consider, tions.
at minimum, the leak repair and in- [68 FR 69817, Dec. 15, 2003, as amended by
spection records, corrosion monitoring Amdt. 192–95, 69 FR 18234, Apr. 6, 2004]
records, exposed pipe inspection
records, and the pipeline environment. § 192.943 When can an operator devi-
(2) Unprotected pipe or cathodically ate from these reassessment inter-
protected pipe where electrical surveys are vals?
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Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration, DOT § 192.947
from a reassessment interval required operator must submit the four overall
by § 192.939 if OPS finds a waiver would performance measures, by electronic or
not be inconsistent with pipeline safe- other means, on a semi-annual fre-
ty. quency to OPS in accordance with
(1) Lack of internal inspection tools. An § 192.951. An operator must submit its
operator who uses internal inspection first report on overall performance
as an assessment method may be able measures by August 31, 2004. There-
to justify a longer reassessment period after, the performance measures must
for a covered segment if internal in- be complete through June 30 and De-
spection tools are not available to as- cember 31 of each year and must be
sess the line pipe. To justify this, the submitted within 2 months after those
operator must demonstrate that it can- dates.
not obtain the internal inspection tools (b) External Corrosion Direct assess-
within the required reassessment pe- ment. In addition to the general re-
riod and that the actions the operator quirements for performance measures
is taking in the interim ensure the in- in paragraph (a) of this section, an op-
tegrity of the covered segment. erator using direct assessment to as-
(2) Maintain product supply. An oper- sess the external corrosion threat must
ator may be able to justify a longer re- define and monitor measures to deter-
assessment period for a covered seg- mine the effectiveness of the ECDA
ment if the operator demonstrates that process. These measures must meet the
it cannot maintain local product sup- requirements of § 192.925.
ply if it conducts the reassessment [68 FR 69817, Dec. 15, 2003, as amended by
within the required interval. Amdt. 192–95, 69 FR 18234, Apr. 6, 2004]
(b) How to apply. If one of the condi-
tions specified in paragraph (a) (1) or § 192.947 What records must an oper-
(a) (2) of this section applies, an oper- ator keep?
ator may seek a waiver of the required An operator must maintain, for the
reassessment interval. An operator useful life of the pipeline, records that
must apply for a waiver in accordance demonstrate compliance with the re-
with 49 U.S.C. 60118(c), at least 180 days quirements of this subpart. At min-
before the end of the required reassess- imum, an operator must maintain the
ment interval, unless local product following records for review during an
supply issues make the period imprac- inspection.
tical. If local product supply issues (a) A written integrity management
make the period impractical, an oper- program in accordance with § 192.907;
ator must apply for the waiver as soon (b) Documents supporting the threat
as the need for the waiver becomes identification and risk assessment in
known. accordance with § 192.917;
[68 FR 69817, Dec. 15, 2003, as amended by (c) A written baseline assessment
Amdt. 192–95, 69 FR 18234, Apr. 6, 2004] plan in accordance with § 192.919;
(d) Documents to support any deci-
§ 192.945 What methods must an oper- sion, analysis and process developed
ator use to measure program effec- and used to implement and evaluate
tiveness? each element of the baseline assess-
(a) General. An operator must include ment plan and integrity management
in its integrity management program program. Documents include those de-
methods to measure, on a semi-annual veloped and used in support of any
basis, whether the program is effective identification, calculation, amend-
in assessing and evaluating the integ- ment, modification, justification, devi-
rity of each covered pipeline segment ation and determination made, and any
and in protecting the high consequence action taken to implement and evalu-
areas. These measures must include ate any of the program elements;
the four overall performance measures (e) Documents that demonstrate per-
specified in ASME/ANSI B31.8S (incor- sonnel have the required training, in-
porated by reference, see § 192.7), sec- cluding a description of the training
wwoods2 on DSK1DXX6B1PROD with CFR
tion 9.4, and the specific measures for program, in accordance with § 192.915;
each identified threat specified in (f) Schedule required by § 192.933 that
ASME/ANSI B31.8S, Appendix A. An prioritizes the conditions found during
131
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§ 192.949 49 CFR Ch. I (10–1–10 Edition)
an assessment for evaluation and reme- porting available at the OPS Home
diation, including technical justifica- Page at http://ops.dot.gov.
tions for the schedule. [68 FR 69817, Dec. 15, 2003, as amended at 70
(g) Documents to carry out the re- FR 11139, Mar. 8, 2005 ; Amdt. 192–103, 72 FR
quirements in §§ 192.923 through 192.929 4657, Feb. 1, 2007; 73 FR 16570, Mar. 28, 2008; 74
for a direct assessment plan; FR 2894, Jan. 16, 2009]
(h) Documents to carry out the re-
quirements in § 192.931 for confirmatory Subpart P—Gas Distribution Pipe-
direct assessment;
(i) Verification that an operator has
line Integrity Management
provided any documentation or notifi- (IM)
cation required by this subpart to be
provided to OPS, and when applicable, SOURCE: 74 FR 63934, Dec. 4, 2009, unless
a State authority with which OPS has otherwise noted.
an interstate agent agreement, and a
§ 192.1001 What definitions apply to
State or local pipeline safety authority this subpart?
that regulates a covered pipeline seg-
ment within that State. The following definitions apply to
this subpart:
[68 FR 69817, Dec. 15, 2003, as amended by Excavation Damage means any impact
Amdt. 192–95, 69 FR 18234, Apr. 6, 2004] that results in the need to repair or re-
place an underground facility due to a
§ 192.949 How does an operator notify
PHMSA? weakening, or the partial or complete
destruction, of the facility, including,
An operator must provide any notifi- but not limited to, the protective coat-
cation required by this subpart by— ing, lateral support, cathodic protec-
(a) Sending the notification to the tion or the housing for the line device
Office of Pipeline Safety, Pipeline and or facility.
Hazardous Materials Safety Adminis- Hazardous Leak means a leak that
tration, U.S. Department of Transpor- represents an existing or probable haz-
tation, Information Resources Man- ard to persons or property and requires
ager, PHP–10, 1200 New Jersey Avenue, immediate repair or continuous action
SE., Washington, DC 20590-0001; until the conditions are no longer haz-
(b) Sending the notification to the ardous.
Information Resources Manager by fac- Integrity Management Plan or IM Plan
simile to (202) 366–7128; or means a written explanation of the
(c) Entering the information directly mechanisms or procedures the operator
on the Integrity Management Database will use to implement its integrity
(IMDB) Web site at http:// management program and to ensure
primis.rspa.dot.gov/gasimp/. compliance with this subpart.
[68 FR 69817, Dec. 15, 2003, as amended at 70 Integrity Management Program or IM
FR 11139, Mar. 8, 2005; Amdt. 192–103, 72 FR Program means an overall approach by
4657, Feb. 1, 2007; 73 FR 16570, Mar. 28, 2008; 74 an operator to ensure the integrity of
FR 2894, Jan. 16, 2009] its gas distribution system.
Small LPG Operator means an oper-
§ 192.951 Where does an operator file a ator of a liquefied petroleum gas (LPG)
report? distribution pipeline that serves fewer
An operator must send any perform- than 100 customers from a single
ance report required by this subpart to source.
the Information Resources Manager—
(a) By mail to the Office of Pipeline § 192.1003 What do the regulations in
Safety, Pipeline and Hazardous Mate- this subpart cover?
rials Safety Administration, U.S. De- General. This subpart prescribes min-
partment of Transportation, Informa- imum requirements for an IM program
tion Resources Manager, PHP–10, 1200 for any gas distribution pipeline cov-
New Jersey Avenue, SE., Washington, ered under this part, including lique-
DC 20590-0001; fied petroleum gas systems. A gas dis-
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(b) Via facsimile to (202) 366–7128; or tribution operator, other than a master
(c) Through the online reporting sys- meter operator or a small LPG oper-
tem provided by OPS for electronic re- ator, must follow the requirements in
132
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§ 192.1009 49 CFR Ch. I (10–1–10 Edition)
134
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Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration, DOT Pt. 192, App. B
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Pt. 192, App. C 49 CFR Ch. I (10–1–10 Edition)
has a diameter 12 times the diameter of the tions. Steel pipe manufactured before Novem-
pipe, without developing cracks at any por- ber 12, 1970, in accordance with a specifica-
tion and without opening the longitudinal tion of which a later edition is listed in sec-
weld. tion I of this appendix, is qualified for use
For pipe more than 2 inches (51 millime- under this part if the following requirements
ters) in diameter, the pipe must meet the re- are met:
quirements of the flattening tests set forth A. Inspection. The pipe must be clean
in ASTM A53 (incorporated by reference, see enough to permit adequate inspection. It
§ 192.7), except that the number of tests must must be visually inspected to ensure that it
be at least equal to the minimum required in is reasonably round and straight and that
paragraph II-D of this appendix to determine there are no defects which might impair the
yield strength. strength or tightness of the pipe.
B. Weldability. A girth weld must be made B. Similarity of specification requirements.
in the pipe by a welder who is qualified under The edition of the listed specification under
subpart E of this part. The weld must be which the pipe was manufactured must have
made under the most severe conditions under substantially the same requirements with re-
which welding will be allowed in the field spect to the following properties as a later
and by means of the same procedure that edition of that specification listed in section
will be used in the field. On pipe more than I of this appendix:
4 inches (102 millimeters) in diameter, at (1) Physical (mechanical) properties of
least one test weld must be made for each 100 pipe, including yield and tensile strength,
lengths of pipe. On pipe 4 inches (102 milli- elongation, and yield to tensile ratio, and
meters) or less in diameter, at least one test testing requirements to verify those prop-
weld must be made for each 400 lengths of erties.
pipe. The weld must be tested in accordance (2) Chemical properties of pipe and testing
with API Standard 1104 (incorporated by ref- requirements to verify those properties.
erence, see § 192.7). If the requirements of API C. Inspection or test of welded pipe. On pipe
Standard 1104 cannot be met, weldability with welded seams, one of the following re-
may be established by making chemical quirements must be met:
tests for carbon and manganese, and pro- (1) The edition of the listed specification to
ceeding in accordance with section IX of the which the pipe was manufactured must have
ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code (ibr, substantially the same requirements with re-
see 192.7). The same number of chemical tests spect to nondestructive inspection of welded
must be made as are required for testing a seams and the standards for acceptance or
girth weld. rejection and repair as a later edition of the
C. Inspection. The pipe must be clean specification listed in section I of this appen-
enough to permit adequate inspection. It dix.
must be visually inspected to ensure that it (2) The pipe must be tested in accordance
is reasonably round and straight and there with subpart J of this part to at least 1.25
are no defects which might impair the times the maximum allowable operating
strength or tightness of the pipe. pressure if it is to be installed in a class 1 lo-
D. Tensile Properties. If the tensile prop- cation and to at least 1.5 times the max-
erties of the pipe are not known, the min- imum allowable operating pressure if it is to
imum yield strength may be taken as 24,000 be installed in a class 2, 3, or 4 location. Not-
p.s.i. (165 MPa) or less, or the tensile prop- withstanding any shorter time period per-
erties may be established by performing ten- mitted under subpart J of this part, the test
sile tests as set forth in API Specification 5L pressure must be maintained for at least 8
(incorporated by reference, see § 192.7). All hours.
test specimens shall be selected at random [35 FR 13257, Aug. 19, 1970]
and the following number of tests must be
performed: EDITORIAL NOTE: For FEDERAL REGISTER ci-
tations affecting appendix B of part 192, see
NUMBER OF TENSILE TESTS—ALL SIZES the List of CFR Sections Affected, which ap-
pears in the Finding Aids section of the
10 lengths or less .................. 1 set of tests for each length. printed volume and on GPO Access.
11 to 100 lengths ................... 1 set of tests for each 5
lengths, but not less than
10 tests. APPENDIX C TO PART 192—QUALIFICA-
Over 100 lengths ................... 1 set of tests for each 10 TION OF WELDERS FOR LOW STRESS
lengths, but not less than LEVEL PIPE
20 tests.
I. Basic test. The test is made on pipe 12
If the yield-tensile ratio, based on the prop- inches (305 millimeters) or less in diameter.
erties determined by those tests, exceeds The test weld must be made with the pipe in
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0.85, the pipe may be used only as provided in a horizontal fixed position so that the test
§ 192.55(c). weld includes at least one section of over-
III. Steel pipe manufactured before November head position welding. The beveling, root
12, 1970, to earlier editions of listed specifica- opening, and other details must conform to
136
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Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration, DOT Pt. 192, App. D
the specifications of the procedure under (2) A negative (cathodic) voltage shift of at
which the welder is being qualified. Upon least 300 millivolts. Determination of this
completion, the test weld is cut into four voltage shift must be made with the protec-
coupons and subjected to a root bend test. If, tive current applied, and in accordance with
as a result of this test, two or more of the sections II and IV of this appendix. This cri-
four coupons develop a crack in the weld ma- terion of voltage shift applies to structures
terial, or between the weld material and base not in contact with metals of different an-
metal, that is more than 1⁄8-inch (3.2 millime- odic potentials.
ters) long in any direction, the weld is unac- (3) A minimum negative (cathodic) polar-
ceptable. Cracks that occur on the corner of ization voltage shift of 100 millivolts. This
the specimen during testing are not consid- polarization voltage shift must be deter-
ered. A welder who successfully passes a mined in accordance with sections III and IV
butt-weld qualification test under this sec- of this appendix.
tion shall be qualified to weld on all pipe di- (4) A voltage at least as negative (cathodic)
ameters less than or equal to 12 inches. as that originally established at the begin-
ning of the Tafel segment of the E-log-I
II. Additional tests for welders of service line
curve. This voltage must be measured in ac-
connections to mains. A service line connec-
cordance with section IV of this appendix.
tion fitting is welded to a pipe section with
(5) A net protective current from the elec-
the same diameter as a typical main. The
trolyte into the structure surface as meas-
weld is made in the same position as it is
ured by an earth current technique applied
made in the field. The weld is unacceptable at predetermined current discharge (anodic)
if it shows a serious undercutting or if it has points of the structure.
rolled edges. The weld is tested by attempt- B. Aluminum structures. (1) Except as pro-
ing to break the fitting off the run pipe. The vided in paragraphs (3) and (4) of this para-
weld is unacceptable if it breaks and shows graph, a minimum negative (cathodic) volt-
incomplete fusion, overlap, or poor penetra- age shift of 150 millivolts, produced by the
tion at the junction of the fitting and run application of protective current. The volt-
pipe. age shift must be determined in accordance
III. Periodic tests for welders of small service with sections II and IV of this appendix.
lines. Two samples of the welder’s work, each (2) Except as provided in paragraphs (3) and
about 8 inches (203 millimeters) long with (4) of this paragraph, a minimum negative
the weld located approximately in the cen- (cathodic) polarization voltage shift of 100
ter, are cut from steel service line and tested millivolts. This polarization voltage shift
as follows: must be determined in accordance with sec-
(1) One sample is centered in a guided bend tions III and IV of this appendix.
testing machine and bent to the contour of (3) Notwithstanding the alternative min-
the die for a distance of 2 inches (51 millime- imum criteria in paragraphs (1) and (2) of
ters) on each side of the weld. If the sample this paragraph, aluminum, if cathodically
shows any breaks or cracks after removal protected at voltages in excess of 1.20 volts
from the bending machine, it is unaccept- as measured with reference to a copper-cop-
able. per sulfate half cell, in accordance with sec-
(2) The ends of the second sample are flat- tion IV of this appendix, and compensated
tened and the entire joint subjected to a ten- for the voltage (IR) drops other than those
sile strength test. If failure occurs adjacent across the structure-electrolyte boundary
to or in the weld metal, the weld is unaccept- may suffer corrosion resulting from the
able. If a tensile strength testing machine is build-up of alkali on the metal surface. A
not available, this sample must also pass the voltage in excess of 1.20 volts may not be
bending test prescribed in subparagraph (1) used unless previous test results indicate no
of this paragraph. appreciable corrosion will occur in the par-
ticular environment.
[35 FR 13257, Aug. 19, 1970, as amended by (4) Since aluminum may suffer from corro-
Amdt. 192–85, 63 FR 37504, July 13, 1998; sion under high pH conditions, and since ap-
Amdt. 192–94, 69 FR 32896, June 14, 2004] plication of cathodic protection tends to in-
crease the pH at the metal surface, careful
APPENDIX D TO PART 192—CRITERIA FOR investigation or testing must be made before
CATHODIC PROTECTION AND DETER- applying cathodic protection to stop pitting
MINATION OF MEASUREMENTS attack on aluminum structures in environ-
ments with a natural pH in excess of 8.
I. Criteria for cathodic protection— A. Steel, C. Copper structures. A minimum negative
cast iron, and ductile iron structures. (1) A neg- (cathodic) polarization voltage shift of 100
ative (cathodic) voltage of at least 0.85 volt, millivolts. This polarization voltage shift
with reference to a saturated copper-copper must be determined in accordance with sec-
wwoods2 on DSK1DXX6B1PROD with CFR
sulfate half cell. Determination of this volt- tions III and IV of this appendix.
age must be made with the protective cur- D. Metals of different anodic potentials. A
rent applied, and in accordance with sections negative (cathodic) voltage, measured in ac-
II and IV of this appendix. cordance with section IV of this appendix,
137
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Pt. 192, App. E 49 CFR Ch. I (10–1–10 Edition)
equal to that required for the most anodic ferred to a saturated copper-copper sulfate
metal in the system must be maintained. If half cell:
amphoteric structures are involved that (1) Saturated KCl calomel half cell: ¥0.78
could be damaged by high alkalinity covered volt.
by paragraphs (3) and (4) of paragraph B of (2) Silver-silver chloride half cell used in
this section, they must be electrically iso- sea water: ¥0.80 volt.
lated with insulating flanges, or the equiva- C. In addition to the standard reference
lent. half cells, an alternate metallic material or
II. Interpretation of voltage measurement. structure may be used in place of the satu-
Voltage (IR) drops other than those across rated copper-copper sulfate half cell if its po-
the structure-electrolyte boundary must be tential stability is assured and if its voltage
considered for valid interpretation of the equivalent referred to a saturated copper-
voltage measurement in paragraphs A(1) and copper sulfate half cell is established.
(2) and paragraph B(1) of section I of this ap-
[Amdt. 192–4, 36 FR 12305, June 30, 1971]
pendix.
III. Determination of polarization voltage APPENDIX E TO PART 192—GUIDANCE ON
shift. The polarization voltage shift must be
determined by interrupting the protective
DETERMINING HIGH CONSEQUENCE
current and measuring the polarization AREAS AND ON CARRYING OUT RE-
decay. When the current is initially inter- QUIREMENTS IN THE INTEGRITY MAN-
rupted, an immediate voltage shift occurs. AGEMENT RULE
The voltage reading after the immediate
shift must be used as the base reading from I. GUIDANCE ON DETERMINING A HIGH
which to measure polarization decay in para- CONSEQUENCE AREA
graphs A(3), B(2), and C of section I of this To determine which segments of an opera-
appendix. tor’s transmission pipeline system are cov-
IV. Reference half cells. A. Except as pro- ered for purposes of the integrity manage-
vided in paragraphs B and C of this section, ment program requirements, an operator
negative (cathodic) voltage must be meas- must identify the high consequence areas.
ured between the structure surface and a An operator must use method (1) or (2) from
saturated copper-copper sulfate half cell con- the definition in § 192.903 to identify a high
tacting the electrolyte. consequence area. An operator may apply
B. Other standard reference half cells may one method to its entire pipeline system, or
be substituted for the saturated cooper-cop- an operator may apply one method to indi-
per sulfate half cell. Two commonly used ref- vidual portions of the pipeline system. (Refer
erence half cells are listed below along with to figure E.I.A for a diagram of a high con-
their voltage equivalent to ¥0.85 volt as re- sequence area).
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138
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Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration, DOT Pt. 192, App. E
II. GUIDANCE ON ASSESSMENT METHODS AND (i.e. outside of potential impact circle) but
ADDITIONAL PREVENTIVE AND MITIGATIVE located within a Class 3 or Class 4 Location.
MEASURES FOR TRANSMISSION PIPELINES (b) Table E.II.2 gives guidance to help an
operator implement requirements on assess-
(a) Table E.II.1 gives guidance to help an
operator implement requirements on addi- ment methods for addressing time dependent
and independent threats for a transmission
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139
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Pt. 192, App. E 49 CFR Ch. I (10–1–10 Edition)
dependent and independent threats for trans-
mission pipelines that operate below 30%
SMYS, in HCAs.
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Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration, DOT Pt. 193
[Amdt. 192–95, 69 FR 18234, Apr. 6, 2004, as 193.2305–193.2319 [Reserved]
amended by Amdt. 192–95, May 26, 2004] 193.2321 Nondestructive tests.
193.2323–193.2329 [Reserved]
PART 193—LIQUEFIED NATURAL Subpart E—Equipment
GAS FACILITIES: FEDERAL SAFETY
STANDARDS 193.2401 Scope.
VAPORIZATION EQUIPMENT
Subpart A—General
193.2403–193.2439 [Reserved]
Sec. 193.2441 Control center.
193.2001 Scope of part. 193.2443 [Reserved]
193.2003 [Reserved] 193.2445 Sources of power.
193.2005 Applicability.
193.2007 Definitions. Subpart F—Operations
193.2009 Rules of regulatory construction.
193.2011 Reporting. 193.2501 Scope.
193.2013 Incorporation by reference. 193.2503 Operating procedures.
193.2015 [Reserved] 193.2505 Cooldown.
193.2017 Plans and procedures. 193.2507 Monitoring operations.
193.2019 Mobile and temporary LNG facili- 193.2509 Emergency procedures.
ties. 193.2511 Personnel safety.
193.2513 Transfer procedures.
Subpart B—Siting Requirements 193.2515 Investigations of failures.
193.2517 Purging.
193.2051 Scope. 193.2519 Communication systems.
193.2055 [Reserved] 193.2521 Operating records.
193.2057 Thermal radiation protection.
193.2059 Flammable vapor-gas dispersion
Subpart G—Maintenance
protection.
193.2061–193.2065 [Reserved] 193.2601 Scope.
193.2067 Wind forces. 193.2603 General.
193.2069–193.2073 [Reserved] 193.2605 Maintenance procedures.
193.2607 Foreign material.
Subpart C—Design 193.2609 Support systems.
193.2101 Scope. 193.2611 Fire protection.
193.2613 Auxiliary power sources.
MATERIALS 193.2615 Isolating and purging.
193.2617 Repairs.
193.2103–193.2117 [Reserved] 193.2619 Control systems.
193.2119 Records. 193.2621 Testing transfer hoses.
DESIGN OF COMPONENTS AND BUILDINGS 193.2623 Inspecting LNG storage tanks.
193.2625 Corrosion protection.
193.2121–193.2153 [Reserved] 193.2627 Atmospheric corrosion control.
193.2629 External corrosion control: buried
IMPOUNDMENT DESIGN AND CAPACITY or submerged components.
193.2155 Structural requirements. 193.2631 Internal corrosion control.
193.2157–193.2159 [Reserved] 193.2633 Interference currents.
193.2161 Dikes, general. 193.2635 Monitoring corrosion control.
193.2163–193.2165 [Reserved] 193.2637 Remedial measures.
193.2167 Covered systems. 193.2639 Maintenance records.
193.2169–193.2171 [Reserved]
193.2173 Water removal. Subpart H—Personnel Qualifications and
193.2175–193.2179 [Reserved] Training
193.2181 Impoundment capacity: LNG stor-
age tanks. 193.2701 Scope.
193.2183–193.2185 [Reserved] 193.2703 Design and fabrication.
193.2705 Construction, installation, inspec-
LNG STORAGE TANKS tion, and testing.
193.2187 Nonmetallic membrane liner. 193.2707 Operations and maintenance.
193.2189–193.2233 [Reserved] 193.2709 Security.
193.2711 Personnel health.
Subpart D—Construction 193.2713 Training: operations and mainte-
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nance.
193.2301 Scope. 193.2715 Training: security.
193.2303 Construction acceptance. 193.2717 Training: fire protection.
193.2304 Corrosion control overview. 193.2719 Training: records.
147
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