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Problem: Analyze a cylindrical water tank with inside diameter 50 meter as shown in the
figure below. The tank is made of concrete 30 cm thick (σy = 35 MPa). Assume live load on
the cover of the tank is 0.7 kN/m2 and the cover dead load is equal to the live load.
Stiffness of the soil below the tank is 25000 kN/m. The active and passive pressure
coefficients are 0.27 and 0.49, respectively. Soil density is 1842 kg/m3. Neglect the upward
pressure from the soil below the tank.
0.15 m
2
D.L. = L.L. = 700 N/m
2m
γ = 1842 kg/m3 3m
Ka = 0.27
Kp = 0.49
50 m
0.3 m
Tutorial 6 1/6
STEP 1: Start up
Preference> Structural
/UNITS, SI
Tutorial 6 2/6
STEP 3: Real Constants and Material Properties
Preprocessor > Material Models > Structural > Linear > Elastic> Isotropic
EX = 30E9 Pa and PRXY = 0.2.
To include material self weight in the calculation – enter the material density
Preprocessor > Material Models > Structural > Density
DENS = 2400 kg/m3
STEP 4: Modeling
Create keypoints
Preprocessor > Modeling > Create > Keypoints > In Active CS
Enter the location of each keypoint
K, 1, 0, 0 K, 2, 25.3, 0 K, 3, 0, 0.3
K, 4, 25, 0.3 K, 5, 25.3, 3 K, 6, 25, 4.85
Tutorial 6 3/6
K, 7, 25.15, 4.85 K, 8, 25.15, 5 K, 9, 25.3, 5
Create area
Preprocessor > Modeling > Create > Areas > Arbitrary > Through KPS
Select keypoints (1-2-5-9-8-7-6-4-3-1) to create an area.
Mesh area
Preprocessor > Meshing > Mesh Tool > Size controls: Lines > Set
Click Pick All.
Enter Element edge length = 0.15, click OK.
Mesh: Areas – click Mesh
Preprocessor > Modeling > Create > Elements > Surf/ Contact >
Surf to Surf. Click OK and Pick All in the pop-up window.
Tutorial 6 4/6
Select > Entities... > Nodes, By Num/Pick, OK, Pick All
To see the full structure of your axisymmetric model
PlotCtrls > Style > Symmetry Expansion > 2D-Axisymmetric > Full Expansion
Apply load
Calculate design load from the tank cover.
Total load = (1.5L.L. +1.25D.L.)*Area / perimeter = (1.5*700+1.25*700)*25/2
Distributed load on line 6 = Total load/0.15.
Case 1: The tank is empty. – There will be an active earth pressure acting outside the tank.
Maximum active earth pressure at the bottom = Ka*γsoil*soil depth = 0.27*1842*9.81*3
Apply triangular pressure to line 2 (be careful of the direction of the line)
Case 2: The tank is full. In this case, the loads are from water pressure, water weight and
passive earth pressure.
Maximum water pressure at the bottom = γwater*water depth = 1000*(5-0.3)
Apply triangular pressure to line 7.
Tutorial 6 5/6
Maximum passive earth pressure at the bottom = Kp*γsoil*soil depth = 0.49*1842*9.81*3
Apply triangular pressure to line 2.
STEP 5: Solution
STEP 6: Postprocessor
Determine the maximum displacements.
Check the maximum compressive stress with the allowable stress
σ a = ϕ cσ y = 0.6 × 35 × 10 6 = 21× 10 6 Pa
Tutorial 6 6/6