CALINAN PUBLIC MARKET COMPLEX

___________________

A Thesis
Presented to the
College of Architecture and Fine Arts
University of Mindanao
Davao City

___________________

In Partial Fulfillment
of the Requirements for the Degree of
Bachelor of Science in Architecture

___________________

LANIE MAE F. VILLAREAL

August 2015
APPROVAL SHEET
 This thesis entitled “CALINAN PUBLIC MARKET COMPLEX”
prepared and submitted by LANIE MAE F. VILLAREAL, in partial fulfillment of
the requirements for the Degree Bachelor of Science in Architecture, has
been examined, approved and accepted, and hereby endorsed.

ARCH. ALVIN MORALES

Teacher-in-Charge

ARCH. ILUMINADO D. QUINTO, JR.

Dean, College of Architecture and
Fine Arts Education

PANEL OF EXAMINERS
APPROVED by the Committee on Oral Examination with a grade of
PASSED.

ARCH. LEO COCHING

Chairperson

ARCH. JAIME B. GONZAGA ARCH. LEMUEL RUYERAS

Member Member

October 2015

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
 This undergraduate thesis proposal would not be possible without the

help and guidance of the Almighty God and the support of my family, friends,

church mates, classmates, and teachers. Allow me to extend my deepest

gratitude toward the following significant advisors and contributors:

First and foremost, to my thesis adviser, Arch. Lemuel B. Ruyeras,

thank you for helping me got some insights and ideas for the betterment of my

proposal. My thesis would not be possible with your valuable advice.

Second, to my instructor Arch. Alvin Morales, who willingly checked

and corrected my proposal. Your comments and suggestions are very

significant in fulfilling whatever the needs of my proposal are;

Finally, I would like to thank my parents especially my mother Emily F.

Villareal for the support especially for financial and emotional matters;

Thanks to everyone. The product of this proposal would not be

possible without your support.

LMV

NAME: LANIE MAE F. VILLAREAL

TITLE: CALINAN PUBLIC MARKET COMPLEX

 ABSTRACT

Public Markets are essential to Filipino community. It is where Filipinos

exchange goods and has become the commercial centre for generations

already. However, nowadays, public markets have become the reflection of

poverty. Calinan, a third district locale of Davao City has a public market that

needs a redevelopment. Calinan is a thriving community and seeks to

improve its economic status through empowering local businesses. As

observed and have known, public market is a hive for many small businesses;

therefore, the redevelopment would be a huge asset for the community’s

perspective of development which then conforms to community’s vision. Aside

from being an agent for improvement of the community of Calinan, Calinan

Public Market redevelopment into complex will be a huge transition for many

Philippine public markets impression. With the help of the City Government of

Davao and its branching office City Economic Office, the Calinan Public

Market Complex will rise to its peak function.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page
TITLE PAGE
I
APPROVAL SHEET
II
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
III
ABSTRACT
IV
TABLE OF CONTENTS
V
LIST OF TABLES
XII
LIST OF FIGURES
XIV

Chapters

1 INTRODUCTION

Background of the Study 1

Client 3

Architectural project 4

2 GOALS

Function 6

Mission 6

Maximum Number 6

Individual Identity 7

Interaction/Privacy 7

Heirarchy of Values 7

Prime Activities 8

Security 8

Progression 8

Segregation 8

Encounters 9
Transportation/Parking 9

Efficiency 9

Priority of Relationships 10

Form 11

Bias on Site Elements 11

Environmental Response 11

Efficient Land Use 11

Community Relations 12

Community Improvements 12

Physical Comfort 12

Life Safety 12

Social/Psychological Environment 13

Individuality 13

Wayfinding 13

Projected Image 14

Client Expectation 14

Economy 15

Extent of Funds 15

Cost Effectiveness 15

Maximum Return 15

Return on Investment 15

Minimizing of Operating Cost 16

 Maintenance and Operating Costs 16

Reduction of Life Cycle Costs 16

Sustainability 16

Time 17

Historic Preservation 17

Static/Dynamic Activities 17

Change 17

Growth 18

Occupancy Date 18

Availability of Funds 18

3 FACTS

Function 19

Statistical Data 19

Area Parameters 29

Personnel Forecast 29

User Characteristics 31

Community Characteristics 33

Organizational Structure 35

Value of Potential Loss 37

Time-Motion Studies 38

Traffic Analysis 39
Behavioral Patterns 42

Space Adequacy 42

Type/Intensity 43

Physical Challenged Guidelines 43

Form 44

Site Analysis 44

Soil Analysis 46

FAR & GAC 51

Climate Analysis 51

Code Survey and Surroundings 52

Psychological Implications 53

Point of Reference/Entry 54

Building or Layout Efficiency 54

Cost SF and Equipment Costs 54

Economy 55

Cost Paramters and Maximum Budget 55

Market Analysis 55

Energy Source Costs 55

Activities and Climate Factors 55

Economic Data 56

LEED Rating System 57

 Time 58

Significance 58

Activities and Projections 58

4 CONCEPTS

Function 59

Service Grouping 59

People Grouping 60

Activity Grouping 60

Priority 61

Heirarchy 62

Security Controls 62

Sequential Flow 63

Separated Flow 65

Functional Relationships 65

Communications 68

Form 69

Enhancements 69

Special Foundations 69

Density and Environmental Control 70

Safety 71

Neighbors 71

Homebase/Office Concepts 72
 Orientation and Accessibility 72

Character and Quality Control 72

Economy 73

Cost-Control 73

Efficient Allocation 73

Multi-Function Versatility 73

Energy Conservation and Cost Reduction 73

Recycling 74

Time 75

Adaptability 75

Expansibility 75

Linear/Concurrent Scheduling 75

5 NEEDS

Function 76

Area Requirements 76

Parking Requirements 80

Outdoor Space Requirements 81

Form 83

Site Development Costs 83

Building Costs/SM 83

Economy 85
 Budget Estimate Analysis 85

Cash Flow Analysis 85

Operating Costs 87

Time 89

Escalation 89

Time Schedule 89

6 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

Function 91

Form 93

Economy 94

Time 94

BIBLIOGRAPHY

APPENDICES

CURRICULUM VITAE

LIST OF FIGURES

Figure Page

1 Bar Graph of the Results From Satisfactory Survey 33

2 Calinan Barangay Zoning By Purok 34

3 Organizational Chart of City Economic Enterprise 36

Organizational Chart of City Economic Enterprise,

4 Calinan Division 37

5 Calinan Public Market Current Location 39

6 Calinan Public Market Traffic Analysis 40

7 View from Honesto Garcia St. 41

8 Market Road During Night Time 41

9 The Current Site 44

10 Bird's Eye View of Site 45

11 Man's Eye View of Site 45

12 New Site 46

13 Flood Susceptibility Map 49

14 Landslide Susceptibility Map 50

15 Sun and Wind Path 52

16 Bar Graph of the Results From Survey 53

Pie Chart of Monthly Gross Income by Households in

17 Calinan, 2010 56

18 Matrix, Site Development Plan 63

19 Matrix, Market 63

20 Matrix, Bagsakan 63

21 Matrix, Slaughterhouse 64

22 Matrix, Transport Terminal 64

23 Matrix, Inn 64

24 Matrix, Commercial Building 65

25 Bubble Diagram, Site Development 65

26 Bubble Diagram, Market 66

27 Bubble Diagram, Bagsakan 66

28 Bubble Diagram, Slaughterhouse 67

29 Bubble Diagram, Transport Terminal 67

30 Bubble Diagram, Inn 67

31 Bubble Diagram, Commercial Building 68

32 The Site 70

LIST OF TABLES

Table Page
 Demographic Characteristics of Davao City by Age and
1 Sex Distribution 20

Number of Households, Household Population, and

2 Average Household Size in Davao City, 2010 and 2000 21

Visitors Counted By the Department of Tourism (DOT)

3 From Accommodation Establishments in 2010 21

4 Agricultural Production in Davao City, 2006-2010 22

Livestock and Poultry Production Inventory of Livestock

5 and Poultry Production, in heads, 2006-2010 25

6 Fish Production in metric tons, 2006-2010 25

7 Actual Land Use 26

Demographic Characteristics of Calinan by Household

8 Distribution 26
Demographic Characteristics of Calinan by Sex
9 Distribution 27

10 Agricultural Production in Calinan 29

11 Summary of Total Load 76

12 Market Building Occupancy Load 77

13 Transport Terminal Occupancy Load 78

14 Inn Occupancy Load 78

15 Commercial Building Occupancy Load 79

16 Bagsakan Occupancy Load 89

17 Slaughterhouse Occupancy Load 80

18 Summary of Total Parking Slots 81

19 Outdoor Space Requirements 82

20 Fixed Cost 83

21 Total Building Costs 84

22 Costs of Land Development of Site 84

23 Summary of Wages 86

24 Summary of Total Income Annually 87

25 Summary of Operating Costs Annually 88

26 First Year Construction Schedule 89

27 Second Year Construction Schedule 90

 1

Chapter I

INTRODUCTION

Background of the Study

Public Market is a very important establishment in the community.

Throughout the world, there are a lot of public markets where large

commodities are being sold and market. Public markets exist to fulfil a public

purpose, showcase a community’s unique character and culture while serving

its everyday shopping needs (Zaretsky, 2012). For years, the public market

has been a place for many farmers and vendors to sell their goods. One of the

best public markets is in Milwaukee, USA where hundreds of people will come

in order to purchase fresh goods. Another one is in Barcelona, Spain which is

widely known as Santa Caterina where there were also fresh local products

being sold and has been rehabilitated and drawing now popularity with its

roofing design (Jewell, 2011). These public markets have been a link to

extended community areas to their agricultural roots and environs. With a

focus on promoting locally produced agricultural and artisan products, these

unique community specific enterprises are proving especially attractive to

consumers seeking fresh, local products (Lochaven, 2011).

In Philippines, public market is always referred to as Palengke derived

from the Spanish word Palenque meaning wooden palisade and stockade

(Diccionario de la lengua española, 2001). In Spanish colonies of New Spain,

palengke is also described as the gathering place of indios or the indigenous

people. Palengke like a usual public market, it has wet and dry division and
 2

for few specific places a terminal has also been anticipated. A lot of people

still come and go in this place either to market their products or to purchase.

Palengke or the public market in the Philippines being the heart of

every town has some issues being considered as the corresponding reflection

of poverty. Nevertheless, public markets in the Philippines have been running

still though some issues of sanitation and health still emerged. The current

problems regarding public market in the Philippines tend to make the latter

dying and dying more due to the rise of malls and supermarkets (Pabicko,

2002).

As to Calinan, a third district locale of Davao City, a public market has

been put up and has stood for several years already. The public market in

Calinan has been the center of market or the bagsakan of all local agriculture

products coming from nearby barangays and districts like Marilog and Baguio.

It also has been a tourist’s food destination for the fresh products like durian,

rambutan, lanzones, and pineapples being delivered directly from farms. The

Public market in Calinan, has been catering a lot of vendors and customers

for decades already however there were no further improvements has been

done especially to its sanitation and its system consideration to the traffic

congestion to its nearby streets.

The Calinan Public Market has the huge potential being one of the best

markets in Davao that does not only promote the local fresh products but so

as tourism. Not only can the public market contribute tourism and

entrepreneurship to Calinan but so to Davao City as a whole. Aside from

tourism and entrepreneurship, it may also draw employment and may

contribute to the economic status of the local. The redevelopment of Calinan

 3

Public Market may change the mindset of public market as a reflection of

poverty but instead the very reflection of abundance and prosperity. It would

also make a change for Calinan to be one of the hot spots of Davao.

Client

The redevelopment of Calinan Public Market is a huge project that

needs a client that would be capable enough to establish and realize the

project. However, redevelopment and state voluntary cleanup programs like

these have evolved under the umbrella of existing public planning

organizations (Russ, 2000). Therefore, by that case, the City Government of

Davao City has the capacity to regard this development that in the near future

would benefit its local residents and its surrounding environment.

The City Government of Davao, being the highest local authority in

Davao, has the authority of regarding all institutional structures and alike for

the welfare and further improvement of the city. With its mission to become a

major growth pole in the international market by engaging the

empowered and participative citizenry in resource based and market-driven

economic activities within the context of balanced ecology, sustainable growth

and equity-led development, the City Government has the drive to

make the project possible. The City Government of Davao in connection to its

branching office which is the City Economic Office with high responsibility to

oversee the city’s economic development has the power to push this project

and realize it for the betterment.

 4

In general, The City Government of Davao in collaboration to its

branching office which is the City Economic Office has the huge capacity to

cater the redevelopment of the Calinan Public Market turning it into a structure

not only functioning as a market but also attracting tourism and support small

local businesses. Not only because the City Government of Davao has the

authority but its stand really points out its very capacity to handle the

redevelopment of the said public market.

Architectural Project

The Calinan Public Market will be redeveloped according to the present

and future needs. Since the area is already at the center of the district, it is

perfect enough to establish a complex catering the needs of the occupants

and the future users of the development without intending to obliterate the

very purpose of the market. An example of the rehabilitated and redeveloped

is the public market in Barcelona which is the Santa Caterina which now

drawing popularity.

Since the relationship between culture and environment is a two-way

process, the concept of designing the complex should be parallel to the

current practices of the local in order for adaptation (Carmona, Heath, Oc, &

Tiesdell, 2003). Though there would be shifting the traditional into

modernization, the redevelopment will still be in consideration of its

surrounding. Therefore, the Calinan Public Market with the involvement of

itself with its surrounding environment should consider the principle of

sustainability and resiliency in consideration also to the culture of the current

residents in the area.

According to Kevin Lynch, an urban design should have vitality as one of

 5

its five performance dimension. Meaning, vitality is the degree to which the

form of places supports the functions, biological requirements and capabilities

of human being. Calinan Public Market Complex will house these following

spaces, the main public market sectioned into wet and dry market,

commercial building, food terminal, slaughter house, the City Economic

Office, terminal for PUJs, motorcycles, vans, and tricycles, and inn for

travellers all in accordance to the needs and activities of the users and

occupants. These spaces shall be parallel to the dimension of vitality as Lynch

implicates. In order for the dimension Lynch has described be followed, the

formation of the structures shall conform based on the needs. With this at

hand, the architectural project will eventually help the minimization of the

expenses.

Chapter II
 6

GOALS

Function

The matters that blur out the possibility of Calinan Public Market of

becoming major contributors of the district’s rise in economic status have

opened the doors of one of the ideas to redevelop and find solution to the

problem. The awareness of the current situation reveals some important

values to regard in fulfilling the goals; it also offers the space of improvement

and the possibility of the planned changes of the current market.

Mission. The redevelopment of Calinan Public Market seeks to

become one of the best markets that caters entrepreneurship and promotion

of its local products to the country and to the world with its sustainability,

resiliency and awareness to its environment bringing with it the concern of

public health and safety and in return help the economic status of the area.

Maximum Number. As a whole, the Calinan Public Market Complex

should become interactive for the costumers and to the vendors; it should

understand the needs and therefore realize these needs; it should be open

and inviting at the same time. However, the redevelopment shall reconsider

the number or people that would come into the market. As projected, the

market shall cater over a hundred of customers everyday and shall also host

the possibility of additional number of people would come on peak seasons

and holidays.

Individual Identity. According to the Senate Bill 1319 also known as

National Market Code of the Philippines, a Public Market shall be understood

 7

to mean a place, building or structure of any kind owned or operated by a city

or municipality designated as such by the Sanggunian of that city or

municipality dedicated to the service of the general public, where basic food

items and other commodities are displayed and offered for sale. Public

markets exist to fulfil a public purpose, showcase a community’s unique

character and culture while serving its everyday shopping needs (Zaretsky,

2012). Calinan Public Market Complex on the other hand shall remain its

identity being a public market though there are some revisions and additions

for further development.

Interaction/Privacy. Public Markets showcase local entrepreneurs and

producers who might not otherwise be able to own and operate stand-alone

store (What is a Public Market?, 2014). These ambulants or vendors who

doesn’t occupy definite stall shall be properly separated or designated.

Although there are interactions or negotiations between customers and

producers, certain seclusions from trading halls should be anticipated

especially for areas intended for preparations and transactions like

slaughterhouse and bagsakan.

Hierarchy of Values. The redevelopment will be managed by the

market administrator. Market administrator will be responsible for the

implementation of rules and regulations of the public market, the assistance in

the formulation of the budget for operations, the proposition and coordinating

plans and programs for public markets and other responsibilities as stated in

Senate Bill 1319 section 59.

Prime Activities. Public Markets rarely allow chain stores and

franchises but rather showcase local entrepreneurs and producers who might
 8

not otherwise be able to own and operate a stand-alone store. Therefore,

these markets can be small business incubators, creating an opportunity for

start-up businesses with minimal investment (What is a Public Market?,

2014). The redevelopment of Calinan Public Market will be a food haven and

a destination and therefore be the place for trading and promotion of the local

products while representing the district’s culture. The redevelopment shall

also cater the tenants’ and travellers’ need for resting grounds.

Security. Calinan Public market being public doesn’t mean to risk

safety for the public. The city/municipality shall provide adequate security for

the protection of consumers and traders within the vicinity of the market area.

With this, all public markets shall be opened and closed at certain hours as

may be determined by the Sanggunian of the local unit concerned, in

accordance with the requirements of safety, order and sanitation as stated in

section 23 through 26 in the Senate Bill 1319 passed by Senator Manny Villar.

Progression. Calinan Public Market Complex shall adapt to sudden

changes and additions needed for the further improvement of the

development. The respond of adaptation of the market to the progression

through years shall prove the flexibility of the market itself. Through this

flexibility, the continuous flow of business through customers and producers

will still remain for years.

Segregation. The segregation of the redeveloped public market’s

spaces shall be well planned especially there are additional spaces aside

from the market itself. Certain spaces such as walks and waiting shed shall be

provided for pedestrians which are then shall be properly designated from

vehicles.
 9

Encounters. Calinan district is generally linked to its nearby districts

such as Baguio, Marilog, and Tugbok. These links of Calinan to its nearby

barangays and districts shall come as an influence or an asset to make the

Calinan Public Market Complex flourish into fame and attraction not only to

the locals so as internationally. The relationship and the encounter that will

come into the Calinan Public Market Complex shall be an extent of promotion

of the public market as well as Calinan district. Furthermore, since the

Philippines have signatories already in the ASEAN Economic Community

which main objective is to create a single market, the public market will be

projected to showcase the local products even better (Vera, 2013).

Transportation/Parking. Since the current Calinan Public market has

some issues and disruption with regard to traffic, the redeveloped Calinan

Public Market Complex should be able to solve the traffic congestion for the

ease of maneuvering of the trucks and vehicles. It should also verify proper

parking spaces and have high concern to the pedestrians abled or differently

abled.

Efficiency. At the Philippine Development Forum on Bangsamoro at

the SMX Convention Center on sixth of November 2014, President Benigno

Aquino III said that Mindanao starting in 2015 will no longer experience power

crisis since there will be additional major power plants that will operate

(Quiros, 2014). The assurance of this statement still leaves an idea of

prudence for a must of seeking efficiency of power and water. Therefore, in

consideration for the near future power disruptions, the redevelopment shall

assist the issue with the concept of green design. Sustainable design or green
 10

design moderates the use of energy systems which includes daylighting and

ventilation.

Priority of Relationships. Calinan Public Market Complex should be a

place where people can be comfortable either to trade or just hang out to

explore the industry of food and others. However, on the other side, public

markets usually prohibit chain stores and franchises. They focus on

businesses that are locally owned and operated which highlight the best of

local foods, crafts, music, heritage and culture (Zaretsky, 2012). Being

chained by this fact, the redevelopment should have extents and limits

towards franchising industry; it should focus in promoting local farmers and

entrepreneurs’ capability to showcase local fresh products.

Form

In order to be acknowledged more by the extended communities and

nearby cities, the Calinan Public Market should be at its best. Achieving the
 11

best means, it should draw people by its architectural features, flexibility and

adaptation to its culture aside from its showcased products.

Bias on Site Elements. The proposed Calinan Public Market Complex

is a redevelopment of the current Calinan Public Market. The current public

market has the usual spaces intended for the market production. Space like

slaughterhouse and bagsakan have been provided, however the case of

sanitation has been a real problem, the redevelopment shall maintain these

spaces that has been designated already.

Environmental Response. The concept of good architecture has

shifted to encompass the notion of a building that is sensitive to its

environment – one that will adequately protect the environment from the

potential pollution and degradation caused by human habitation (Williamson,

Radford, & Bennetts, 2002). Since the proposed Calinan Public Market

Complex is one of the community’s centres, therefore, it should be in parallel

to the protection and development of its environment as stated. It shall seek to

become an advocate of protecting the environment through advancing

sustainable design.

Efficient Land Use. The Calinan Public Market located along the

Davao-Bukidnon Road has the real potential to be known. Its site is in the

corner of a crossing which implies a good edge in marketing and is qualified

as city’s minor commercial zone (C-1). With the site’s entire marketing asset,

the redevelopment shall efficiently use the site making it more productive at

the same time adapting still the sustainable design concept.

 12

Community relations. The redevelopment site’s location along the

highway has many private competitors. Most of the counterparts of the

Calinan Public Market Complex are the strip commercial centres. In order to

achieve the goal to revitalize the public market, it should arise among its

competitors. It shall prove with its power to link nearby districts and

communities by showcasing local artisan products without intending to

remove utterly these private businesses.

Community Improvements. Calinan district is a thriving community in

Davao City. The redevelopment of Calinan Public Market shall be one of the

reference points in Calinan that will soon become one of the major

communities contributing to the improvement of economic and tourism

industry of the city.

Physical Comfort. Calinan Public Market Complex will be catering

hundreds of people from different districts and towns. Therefore, the

redevelopment shall be open for small or starting entrepreneurs and for

different types of customers. It shall be inviting and comfortable through

conforming to the traditions and culture of Calinan as its residing community.

Life Safety. The redevelopment of Calinan Public Market shall be safe

especially on late night transactions. Since the development will be projected

to be opened late nights, it should consider rovers around the site as

determined by the market administration.

Social/Psychological Environment. The increasing population of

Calinan is a consideration that needs an attention for the planned

redevelopment of the public market. The more the numbers of people are the
 13

larger the number of customers may come and stop by in the market. For

example, according to survey data, 98% of the adults living within a 30 mile

radius of Seattle’s Pike Place Market had visited at least twice during the

preceding year. Pike Place Market enjoys roughly 14,500,000 customer visits

annually (Zaretsky, 2012). With this concern, the redevelopment of the

Calinan Public Market shall respond with the kind of demand that would arise

in the near future. The response should be in parallel and justifiable when it

comes to spaces and in correspondence to function.

Individuality. In promoting the individuality without intending to take

away the diverse and united attitude or ambiance of the market, it shall then

be proper to categorize the vendors into different stall sizes that fit to their

range. These stalls shall then be categorized again depending upon their

products. With this, there will be further organization in the market that soon

will benefit not only the vendors so as the customers.

Wayfinding. The site also has a good wayfinding and could be one of

the reference points. However, the current development causes traffic

congestion since there were no proper parking spaces anticipated. The

planned redevelopment should implement sound planning that concern the

pedestrian and automobile mobility and parking within and around the site

without risking the sense of orientation. Furthermore, it should cast priorities

also for differently abled persons.

Projected Image. Calinan Public Market Complex will be a

modernized public market. Its design shall be modern yet caught up still by

the idea of being Filipino. It shall stick to the essence of an open and freed

marketing and trading incorporated by the promotion of local products yet

 14

seeks not to be as random as possible. Therefore, in general, the

redevelopment shall still recognize the idea ‘palengke’ but improvise it to a

more modern and diverse market.

Client Expectations. The redevelopment of Calinan Public Market

seeks to become one of the best markets that caters entrepreneurship and

promotion of its local products to the country and to the world. Through its

sustainable and resilient design, the redevelopment shall up bring the life and

draw attention towards the society in keeping the awareness to its

environment and concern of public health and safety. Furthermore, it shall

help the inclination of economic status of the area.

Economy

Extent of Funds. Public Markets are complex, multi-million projects

that need substantial grant funding (Zaretsky, 2012). These funding needs, in

order to realize the project, will be catered by the client which is the City
 15

Government of Davao. All the maintenance services will be funded under the

umbrella of the government.

Cost Effectiveness. The Calinan Public Market Complex cost

effectiveness shall be proved through efficiency on energy consumption and

the continuity of the run of the businesses within the market. It shall also

project its cost effectiveness through attractive design features and adequacy

of its designated spaces.

Maximum Return. Most of the money will be vested upon the

redevelopment of the market and the additional structures in the site. Through

the market and the additional structures such as the inn and commercial

buildings the money vested shall be returned duly.

Return on Investment. For a government funded project, the Calinan

Public Market Complex need not to investigate furthermore for the return of

investment since the market itself will be the service that rendered by the

government for the betterment of the community. Nevertheless, the

investment shall be expected returned in duly purposeful amount of time. The

Calinan Public Market Complex shall gain its profit from stall rentals and inn’s

income. With this, after the investment is returned, the redeveloped Calinan

Public Market shall activate to the peak of its full potential while maintaining

and minimizing operating cost.

Minimizing of Operating Cost. As a government funded project, the

Calinan Public Market should showcase efficiency through sustainable and

resilient design. Part of its financial attributes from its profit shall support the
 16

continuous maintenance and advancement of technology and contribution to

workers.

Maintenance and Operating Costs. Since it is a public market where

surely sanitation is one of the very important factors to be maintained, the

redevelopment’s market manager shall assure the lifelong sanity in the market

through following and implementing rules and regulation about the certain

matter referring to the Senate Bill 1319 section 8 through 22.

Reduction of Life Cycle Costs. The initial costs of the Calinan Public

Market Complex will be implemented especially on the redevelopment of the

main market, the commercial stalls, inn, terminal, and Mini Park. The

reduction of these costs shall be vested upon keeping some of the site

elements.

Sustainability. Through sustainable design, the redevelopment of

Calinan Public Market shall be able to conserve the design through times. It

shall remain a spot where people can come and trade and be comfortable in.

It shall be one of the links of the extended communities.

Time

Historic Preservation. The current market is declining its appeal each

year as observed. Due to lack of maintenance, the face of the public market
 17

has been the reflection of unorganized and unmaintained public place. The

client wants to make the redevelopment one of the reference points of the

community. With that, the redevelopment shall preserve its design and

sanitation quality through time.

Static/Dynamic Activities. The trading industry in the Calinan Public

Market Complex will be major. This industry shall remain as static as possible.

The development will be drawing attention however the goal to make the

trading industry static it shall also adapt to changes. It shall then also be

dynamic when it comes to trading industry through design features and ideas.

Change. Globalization can affect welfare through the workings of the

labor market (Villamil & Hernandez, 2003). With this, the redevelopment shall

be globally competitive especially the ASEAN integration has come. Though

the ASEAN Political-Security Community and the ASEAN Socio-Cultural

Community do not receive as much attention, but they serve as foundations

for the economic pillar of the integration exercise in Southeast Asia (Federico

M. Macaranas, 2013). The Calinan Public Market shall seek to adapt its halls

with various types of vendors small or large it may with this sudden change in

the country; it shall be in due time be the hive of food products and other

commercial industries interacting and competing internationally. As time goes

by, the redevelopment seeks to be inclined to the latest trend and shall remain

the intensity of being one of the best spots for food trips and other activities

alike.

Growth. The change of Calinan Public Market being a complex shall

achieve the very goal to satisfy its customers and farmers through the

promotion of modern trading industry and design. For example, according to

 18

survey data, 98% of the adults living within a 30 mile radius of Seattle’s Pike

Place Market had visited at least twice during the preceding year. Pike Place

Market enjoys roughly 14,500,000 customer visits annually (Zaretsky, 2012).

The example, projects the possibility of the rise of customers especially now it

is developed. Therefore, the redevelopment shall be adaptive to the growth on

population and the possibility or potential to be on eof the food hives in

Davao.

Occupancy Date. The Calinan Public Market Complex will be

occupied even if the construction is still going on. Since, the client doesn’t

want to disrupt the trading because it may kill many entrepreneurs’ business

for months. But, the redeveloped Calinan Public Market will be projected to

operate completely by 2016.

Availability of Funds. The availability of funds of the Calinan Public

Market will be from the rentals of the stalls and the income from the inn and

terminal fees. All other funds that will lead to the maintenance and operating

cost will be funded by the government in additional to the market’s income.

Chapter III

FACTS

Function
 19

Statistical Data. Davao City is a home of about 1,449,296 people as of

May 1, 2010 census covered by National Statistics office; 721,353 are males

and 722,537 are females (as shown in Table 1). People in Davao are one of

the scopes of the study that needs attention. Since Calinan is within the range

of Davao City, it is very practical to include its influences towards the

development. The population in table 1 portrays the Male and Female

distribution. Being larger than the population among men, women dominance

in the community may upbring an influence of having commercial buildings.

According to Wharton marketing professor Stephen J. Hoch, shopping

behavior mirrors gender differences throughout many aspects of life (‘Men

Buy, Women Shop’: The Sexes Have Different Priorities When Walking Down

the Aisles, 2007). Women tend to be more invested in shopping rather than

men.

These people are walking above the 244,000 Ha of lands possessed

by Davao and creating 334,473 households as shown in Table 2. Since

purchasing goods is a family need, therefore knowing the number of

households may define the numbers of customers depending upon status.

The lands of Davao are parcels of Low Density Residential Zone (R-

1), Medium Density Residential Zone (R-2), High Density Residential Zone

(R-3), Socialized Housing Zone (SHZ), Tourism Development Zone (TDZ),

Minor Commercial Zone (C-1), Major Commercial Zone (C-2), Light Industrial

Zone (I-1), Medium Industrial Zone (I-2), Heavy Industrial Zone (I-3), General

Institution Zones, Special Institutional Zones (SIns), Parks and Recreational

Zone (PR), Open Space/Easements Zone (OSE), Transportation/Utilities

 20

Zone (TU), Conservation Zone (CZ), Water Zone, Planned Unit Development

(PUD), Protected Zones.

Table 1

Demographic Characteristics of Davao City by Age and Sex Distribution

Age Group Both Sexes Male Female Sex Ratio

Total 1,443,890 721,353 722,537 99.8

Under 1 32,345 16,823 15,522 108.4
1-4 yo 128,467 66,597 61,870 107.6
5-9 yo 149,404 77,182 72,222 106.9
10-14 yo 143,470 73,167 70,303 104.1
15-19 yo 152,126 72,551 79,575 91.2
20-24 yo 146,700 71,610 75,090 95.4
25-29 yo 127,156 63,466 63,690 99.6
30-34 yo 114,094 58,025 56,069 103.5
35-39 yo 98,139 50,173 47,966 104.6
40-44 yo 84,617 42,578 42,039 101.3
45-49 yo 71,051 35,264 35,787 98.5
50-54 yo 61,484 30,189 31,295 96.5
55-59 yo 48,125 23,759 24,366 97.5
60-64 yo 33,720 16,462 17,258 95.4
65-69 yo 21,206 9,979 11,227 88.9
70-74 yo 15,119 6,799 8,320 81.7
75-79 yo 8,721 3,676 5,045 72.9
80 and over 7,946 3,053 4,893 62.4
Source: National Statistical Coordination Board

Table 2

Number of Households, Household Population, and Average Household

Size in Davao City, 2010 and 2000

Census Household Number of Average

Year Population Households Household Size
 21

2010 1,443,890 334,473 4.3

2000 1,145,033 240,057 4.8
Source: National Statistical Coordination Board

The lands of Davao ranked sixth of the most visited cities in the

Philippines. It garnered about 0.68 million tourists accommodated as of 2010

due to its festivities and natural attracting features (as shown in Table 3).

These tourists are also very much attracted to the ever famous Durian fruit

especially during its seasons. With the production of Durian and other

agricultural productions, public markets in Davao like Calinan Public Market

suddenly came to life. The bulk of tourists in Davao annually will be a

consideration since some of these tourists will eventually visit commercial

establishments like public market.

Table 3

Visitors Counted By the Department of Tourism (DOT) From

Accommodation Establishments in 2010

City Number of Visitors

1 Cam Sur 2.33 million
2 Metro Manila 2.30 million
3 Cebu 1.77 million
4 Boracay Island 0.78 million
5 Baguio City 0.74 million
6 Davao 0.68 million
Source: National Statistical Coordination Board

There are about 9 public markets in Davao and one of them is situated

in Calinan. These markets have been running for years due to the continuous

agricultural production. In Table 4, the statistics shows Davao’s agricultural

production, which then implicates the largest productions are bananas and

coconuts among commodities. In tables 5 and 6 depicts Davao City’s

 22

production in livestocks and fisheries. As shown in table 5

largest productions are the poultry and hogs. All the productions are generally

seen and bought in public markets.

Table 4

Agricultural Production in Davao City, 2006-2010 (in Metric Tons)

Commodity 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

PALAY
Production (mt.) 54,258 34,452 27,404 30,104 28,396

CORN
Production (mt.) 37,548 48,328 53,768 47,842 41,760

Fruit Crops
BANANA
Production (mt.) 191,749 205,333.21 217,238.76 223,597.41 227,651.51

CALAMANSI
Production (mt.) 856.3 763.94 637.4 619.91 530.55
DURIAN
Production (mt.) 19,358 24,895.40 21,495.40 26,457.85 36,822.26

LANZONES
Production (mt.) 567 917.26 735.45 676.53 820.25

MANDARIN
Production (mt.) 1,874 1,486.63 1,241.45 1,218.60 1,004.74

MANGO
Production (mt.) 10,109 9,492.08 8,118.98 8,325.01 8,047.81

MANGOSTEEN
Production (mt.) 107.72 138.84 96.1 93.5 179.15

PAPAYA
Production (mt.) 4,346 3,636.93 3,591 3,502.05 3,484.35

PINEAPPLE
Production (mt.) 17,994 21,088.90 20,963.82 21,153.77 21,591.30

RAMBUTAN
Production (mt.) 358 434.19 362.74 357.93 396.14

WATERMELON
 23

Production (mt.) 335 348.62 372.48 380.06 316.7

Non-Food
ABACA
Production (mt.) 21.65 22.08 21.99 21.99 22.43

RUBBER
Production (mt.) 1,376 1,164.92 1,143.71 1,142.97 1,162.41

TOBACCO
Production (mt.) 1.89 1.79 1.91 1.88 1.32

Industrial and
Commercial Crops
CACAO
Production (mt.) 885 836.94 832.22 850.05 836.39

CASHEW
Production (mt.) 2.07 1.98 2.09 2.06 1.7

COCONUT
Production (mt.) 220,817 212,438.14 219,066.10 239,083.93 237,383.47

COFFEE
Production (mt.) 8,288 4,793.68 4,487.97 4,080.95 3,625.31

Vegetables, Roots
and Tubers
AMPALAYA
Production (mt.) 741.28 739.43 683.92 673.97 677.79

BELL PEPPER
Production (mt.) 130.21 126.27 137.77 137.72 136.86

CABBAGE
Production (mt.) 1,934.08 1,523.24 1,692.20 1,613.53 1,618.14

CAMOTE
Production (mt.) 1,433.48 1,420.53 1,411.29 1,384.26 1,387.33

CARROTS
Production (mt.) 139.81 121.2 128.55 119.68 116.22

CASSAVA
Production (mt.) 811.91 814.12 844.39 847.7 846.3

CHAYOTE
Production (mt.) 263.75 266.48 277.19 278.84 278.5

EGGPLANT
 24

Production (mt.) 4,361.91 3,821.07 3,596.75 3,657.88 3,323.13

GABI
Production (mt.) 116.68 120.04 118.39 117.98 124.86

GOURD
Production (mt.) 375.28 375.45 353.72 355.08 355.15

HABITCHUELAS

Production (mt.) 52.08 53.28 51.77 51.11 51.79

MONGO
Production (mt.) 108.93 105.73 102.79 98.07 99.33

OKRA
Production (mt.) 96.75 98.73 107.19 108.89 110.06

PEANUT
Production (mt.) 353.11 354.79 335.72 325.14 297.38

TOMATO
Production (mt.) 733.14 725.59 656.09 647.12 658.87

UBE
Production (mt.) 96.5 97.01 100.84 96.32 96.38

WHITE POTATO

Production (mt.) 19.52 20.68 18.99 18.23 14.13

Source: Bureau of Agricultural Statistics, Region XI Davao City

Table 5

Livestock and Poultry Production Inventory of Livestock and Poultry

Production, in heads, 2006-2010

Type (in 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

heads)
Swine / 234,830 230,960 236,120 239,330 238,904
Hogs
Cattle 42,653 45,392 46,001 44,336 44,162
Goat 55,488 52,537 51,337 53,051 52,196
Carabao 50,236 42,247 40,158 38,456 39,586
Ducks 65,997 59,417 58,918 54,424 47,675
Poultry 3,009,562 3,926,938 3,902,338 3,648,917 3,405,752
Source: Bureau of Agricultural Statistics, Region XI Davao City
 25

Table 6

Fish Production in metric tons, 2006-2010

Type (in metric tons) 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

Municipal – Inland / 1,270 1,492 1,300 1,235.70 1,124.70
Marine
Commercial – Deep 6,127 6,538 4,525 3,770.20 4,163.75
Sea
Aquaculture – 1,453 1,372 1,429 1,248.82 1,431.18
Fishponds
Total 8,850 9,402 7,254 6,254.72 6,719.63
Source: Bureau of Agricultural Statistics, Region XI Davao City

Calinan has classified its land use into institutional, residential,

commercial and agricultural. The largest land is covered by agriculture for

about 416.65 hectares, as shown in Table 7. In these lands there are about

4,878 households dispersed into 38 puroks/sitios withholding 24,537 total

population gathered by Partcipatory Resource Appraisal (PRA) as shown in

Table 8 Table 9 shows that the population of women is larger than the

population of men. The number of households is the key component of

knowing the possible number of customers the redevelopment shall cater.

Table 7

Actual Land Use

Classification Area Percentage

(Hectares)
Institutional 49.99 6%
Residential 249.99 30%
Commercial 116.66 14%
Agricultural 416.65 50%
TOTAL 833.29 100%
Source: Barangay Calinan’s Profile
 26

Table 8

Demographic Characteristics of Calinan by Household Distribution

Purok/Sitio Number Population

1 135 779
2 82 378
3 63 270
4 61 327
5 45 157
6 280 2200
7 205 1071
8 91 362
9 208 1300
10 116 478
11 181 1311
12 72 280
13 105 547
14 129 780
15 275 630
16 77 349
17 147 627
18 148 605
19 188 570
20 251 1186
21 53 237
22 110 1050
23 206 911
24 120 1000
25 420 2000
26 83 384
27 39 179
28 112 367
29 24 130
30 42 197
31 70 283
32 60 400
33 66 280
34 107 320
35 107 476
36 119 571
37 110 855
38 171 825
 27

TOTAL 4878 24672

Source: Barangay Calinan’s Profile

Table 9

Demographic Characteristics of Calinan by Sex Distribution

Purok/Sitio Male Female Total

1 388 391 779
2 187 191 378
3 135 135 270
4 146 181 327
5 82 75 157
6 1070 1130 2200
7 552 519 1071
8 161 201 362
9 633 667 1300
10 235 243 478
11 647 664 1311
12 123 157 280
13 258 289 547
14 384 396 780
15 307 323 630
16 175 174 349
17 288 339 627
18 299 306 605
19 276 294 570
20 582 604 1186
21 116 121 237
22 512 538 1050
23 461 450 911
24 534 466 1000
25 969 1031 2000
26 183 201 384
27 90 89 179
28 187 180 367
29 63 67 130
30 91 106 197
31 135 148 283
32 191 209 400
33 137 143 280
34 157 163 320
35 240 236 476
 28

36 279 292 571

37 403 452 855
38 391 434 825
TOTAL 12067 12605 24672
Source: Barangay Calinan’s Profile

Having agriculture as the biggest parcel of Calinan’s stature, there are

4 major crop/commodity produced annually from several puroks/sitios. These

are the palay, banana, durian, and pomelo (see Table 10). These crops are

dropped and distributed by trucks, jeepneys, or sometimes by small vehicles

like motorcycles and pedicabs to Bangkerohan traveling for approximately

twenty-seven kilometers then back again to the origin. The largest among the

four commodities is the palay garnering 540,000 kilograms. Knowing the

largest production is palay, pomelo, banana and durian the development may

regard the promotion of the said commodity.

Table 10

Agricultural Production in Calinan

Major Crop/Commodity
Palay Banana Durian Pomelo
Purok/S A/P Product A/P Product A/P Product A/P Product
itio ion ion ion ion
1 30 72,000 10 225,000
2 20 48,000
3 20 48,000
11 50 120,000
12 20 48,000
14 50 120,000
15 30 72,000
17 5 12,000
22 5 136,500 5 40,000 10 176,500
TOTAL 225 540,000 5 136,500 5 40,000 20 401,500
Source: Barangay Calinan’s Profile
 29

Area Parameters. For commercial spaces, customers should have a

minimum open space of 0.74 square meters. For office workers and staff, a

minimum of 9.3 square meters should be provided, for residential spaces 18.6

square meters. For dining areas like cafeterias a minimum of 1.4 square

meters. Minimum stall space is 3.10 square meters.

Personnel Forecast. As stated in the Senate Bill 1319 Section 32,

Public Markets are administered basically by the Market Committee. This

committee has the representative of the City Treasurer, the representative of

the Sanggunian, City Legal Officer/City Prosecuter, and the representative of

the market vendors as its following members. However, the City Economic

Enterprise office has several revisions about the numbers of people managing

the markets and other branching areas since Davao City itself is a huge

progressive city. Holding about 44 divisions in the office, the City Administrator

tends to achieve these divisions for system.

As to the current market in Calinan, another division from the City

Economic Enterprise, there were about 25 office members including the

officer in charge. The office ensures the organization of the market for 8

hours, five days a week.

The market supervisor/officer in charge is the one who represents,

administers, acts as the head of the market. He/She is head and the one who

will instruct the office staffs, inspectors, market supervisors (security), and

slaughterhouse officers.

Clerical and paper works in the City Economic Enterprise Office in

Calinan is being done by the five office staffs. They are tasked to do all the
 30

receiving and computing datas directly from other offices or from the market

itself. The substantial inspecting is job done by the two Inspectors. Inspectors

are the ones who will inspect the market; they are generally tasked to inspect

the stalls and bagsakan. The supervision of the entire premises is being done

by the market supervisors. There were about 429 market stalls plus 142 make

shift stall (sprawled stalls) summing up into total of 571 stall in the market.

These market stalls have approximately 1-5 members including helpers and

kargadors. The ensurance of security of the whole market is done by the

deployment of security guards divided into three teams shifted every eight

hours. Each team is lead by the team leader who will also be the desk officer

during the shift. Under the leaders were the security guards assigned to

secure the entire premises and the slaughter house. Moreover, the slaughter

house management is job done by the slaughterhouse officer.

All personnel under the City Economic Enterprise of Davao envision

being a model government office that contributes to the development of

Davao City through professional, honest and efficient public service. With the

drive to be a contribution to the community, the office stands to do its mission

to be a corps of competent civil servants managing viable economic

undertakings, a result-oriented government office delivering professional,

honest and efficient public service, and a responsible employer who makes

employment a worthwhile and satisfying experience.

User Characteristics. The Calinan Public Market is mainly

accommodating the 24,672 residents in Calinan. These suburban occupants

rely upon different transportations in order to interact to the main institutions

and offices resided in downtown area. Though Calinan is about 27 kilometers

 31

away from Davao’s Metro, Calinan residents still spontaneously

communicating and interacting to institutions and offices resided in downtown

due to the concept that downtown area has it all.

The diverse community of Calinan is home of different ethnicity

consisting Cebuano,

Tagalog, Bagobo, Ata and

Muslim. The mixture of

ethnicity has been

disregarded to live

harmoniously toward the

perspective of continuous

progress of the land. With this concept, literacy in Calinan is held up high

reaching up to the rate of 94.01% as 2010 according to the barangay profile.

Having literacy rate as high as 94.01% implicates the different views about

public markets and supermarkets.

Below, the researcher asked respondents as representatives from the

4,878 households in Calinan to rate the current Calinan Public Market’s

performance. The researcher gathered 370 respondents as solved from the

Slovin’s formula of data sampling from large population.

The results (as shown in figure 1) show that residents in Calinan rated

along the scale of 1 to 5, 5 being the highest rating. The survey question 1

has an average mean 3.30, question 2 has an average mean of 2.75,

question 3 with 3.59, question number 4 with an average of 3.40, and lastly

question 5 with 3.13.

 32

Question number 1 rated 3.27, thus implicated that some residents

doesn’t trust shopping in the public market because of security matters and

organizational matters. Question number 2 has the lowest average among the

questions which is 2.79 to which then implies the sanitation of the current

market needs an improvement that resulted into a rating 3.24 for

recommendation as asked in question 5. However, on the other side of the

box, the question 3 and 4 to which respondents asked if they whether they

think products are fresh and whether these products are sold with manners by

the vendors, it resulted into 3.57 and 3.36 respectively. The rating for question

3 and 4 implicates the average performance of respondents towards the

goods and vendors.

Figure 1

Bar Graph of the Results of the Satisfactory Survey

4
3.5
3
2.5
2 Rating
1.5
1
0.5
0
Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q5
 33

For the over-all rating for the Calinan Public Market, it was only rated

by the respondents with just an average performance for its organization,

sanitation, security systems, commodities sold, and vendor manners.

Since the redevelopment will be an extension also for nearby communities,

the results may represent also the perceptions of people resided in Marilog,

Baguio, Tugbok, Suawan, Lamanan, Tamugan, and Wangan area.

Community Characteristics. Calinan is a thriving community. It was

originated several years ago and developed through the years. The

development of the community started as a sprawl which then continued

through time. Eventually, the growth of the said community has shown

through gradual developments. These gradual developments are mostly

commercial establishments, housing developments and road concreting

projects. Now, it has proven itself as a diverse community of being the home

of about 24,672 of mixed ethnicity population.

Currently, Calinan belongs to the third congressional district of Davao

City. It is composed of 38 purok/sitios that are designated to either from North

barangay Dacudao, South barangay Wangan, East and West barangay

Talomo River. Its reach of about 27.13 kilometers away from the City Hall

located in downtown area makes the community dependent on automobiles

like trucks, jeepneys, vans and motorcycles for transportation matters.

Figure 2

Calinan Barangay Zoning by Purok

 34

Calinan has a total area of 833.29 Hectares. It was divided into parcels

of institutional, residential, commercial and agricultural land use. 50% of the

area is dominated by the agricultural land use which then depicts the very

good soil for agricultural commodity production. The production of agriculture

is the bread and butter most of the residents making most of them self-

employed.

Organizational Structure. The City Economic Enterprise Office units

are administered by the office manager. These units include 9 public markets,

1 overland transport terminal, main (Ma-a) and 3 satellite slaughterhouses

(Calinan, Mintal, Toril), 1 sea port (Sta. Ana), 1 park (Magsaysay), 10

cemeteries and 1 recreation center (Almendras Gym). These units were put

up in different years but put under one management when the City Economic

Enterprise Office was created upon reorganization of the city's bureaucracy in

1996. Currently, it has an eight year-old organizational goal which was

developed in December 2, 2004 by management and all the supervisors. For

calendar year 2009, Economic Enterprise implemented 7 programs namely;

Operation of nine (9) city-owned public markets.

 35

Operation of one (1) overland terminal (DCOTT).

Operation of one (1) main slaughterhouse (Ma-a) and three (3) satellite

slaughterhouse.

Operation of one (1) port (Sta. Ana).

Operation of one (1) park (Magsaysay Park).

Operation of ten (10) public cemeteries.

Operation of one (1) recreation center (DCRC)

Figure 3

Organizational Chart of City Economic Enterprise

 36

Calinan Public Market on the other hand, has the supervisor as the

head of the office. Under the supervisor are the office staffs, inspectors,

market sweeper, slaughterhouse officer, and the market supervisors. In

knowing these staffs, the redevelopment will know the proper gross floor area.

Figure 4

Organizational Chart of City Economic Enterprise, Calinan Division

Officer in Charge

Inspector
Office
MarketStaf
SupervisorMarket Sweeper Slaughterhouse

Team Leader
Team
1 Leader 2 Team Leader 3

Value of Potential Loss. Calinan Public Market sells different

commodities from dry goods to vegetables to meat production. Since Calinan

 37

Public Market stands to be more of an agricultural production enterprise, the

possibility of the declining sales may come especially during non-seasons.

Regardless of this matter, the public market managed to run because of other

demands.

The valuable peak seasons for durian and other popular fruit and

vegetable commodity made the market popular more especially to the tourists

and local consumers. However, the non-season days may come and may

eventually change the face of the market during these days. The

consideration of this loss maybe patched up by advertising other commodities

in the market making the market a much demand more for the public.

But, being the basic need for a community, Calinan Public Market may

really run even it is not season for some commodities or other productions.

However, the reality of this phase may be reduction of a possibility of a huge

economic help to the community.

Time-Motion Studies. Calinan is about 27.13 kilometers reach from

City hall resided in downtown which then will took for about an hour drive for

jeepneys, trucks and vans. Being a sub-urban community Calinan is the

center of the North-eastern part of Davao. It serves as a drop of different

trucks and automobiles that will catch up to the next drive either towards

downtown or towards uptown which includes Marilog and Baguio Districts. It

will take for about 40 minutes to drive to Marilog, 25 minutes toward Baguio,

and 15 minutes toward Tugbok.

Since the Calinan Public market is in the metro, the drive from

downtown will only took for about an hour also depending upon traffics. But
 38

for the nearby residents, Calinan Public Market is just a walk reach taking 5

minutes or less regardless for those in much further areas.

Figure 5

The Site Location

Source: Google Maps

Traffic Analysis. The grid type framework of Calinan is completely

visible in the map as shown in figure 5. With a total of 143.5 km of concreted

roads, transportation is made possible though not all roads are concreted.

These roads are boxing out properties and establishments like Calinan Public

Market.

Calinan Public Market is approximately an 80m division between

Honesto Garcia St. and Davao-Bukidnon Highway. Near Calinan Public

 39

Market is a trumpet intersection of the Davao-Bukidnon Road and the

Villafuerte St. Within the market there were two roads with a width of three

meters. These small streets are convenience streets for deliveries and

exportation. However these streets don’t have sidewalks and application of

proper ramps for differently abled people. During peak seasons or market

days (Saturdays and Sundays), ambulant vendors are rampant to which is a

problem since they are occupying the walks which leads to congestion. The

addition of unorganized loading and unloading of pedicabs and motorcycles

makes the problem even worse. The barangay however responded to this

situation. They managed to close the Honesto Garcia St. as a one way street

to prevent this congestion. Calinan Public Market managed to put parking

spaces for jeepneys and trucks who delivers the commodities to the market.

However, some of the parking spaces are made terminals routed for uptown

trips. The traffic within and around the public market has a lot of constraints

and most of these constraints are caused undisciplined customs of the

residents.

Figure 6

Calinan Public Market Traffic Analysis

 40

Figure 7

Honesto Garcia Street

Figure 8

Market Road 1 During Night Time.

 41

Behavioral Patterns. Calinan Public Market has several stalls for

lease. These stalls have been occupied by vendors who pay 500PhP monthly

which are then designated into either section wet or dry depending upon what

is being sold. The market opens as early as 7:00 am and before the opening

hour, vendors managed to prepare the stalls and commodities being sold.

When clock struck 9:00am customers are starting to flood up the halls up to

11am. These are the peak hours. The peak hours then will be back by 4:00pm

until 7:00. After then, when twilight came, barbecue stalls started to open

serving drivers and travellers for their food stop. The cycle remains the same

until Saturdays and Sundays comes, things will be much busier in the market.

Peak hours are much longer; market stays awake until 10.

For the entire day, from the time it started to open, market security

guards are roving and shifting as schedule dictates. They work five days as

well as the office. However offices are only working from 8:00am until 5:00pm.

Space Adequacy. Currently, there were about 429 stalls in the market.

Some of these stalls in the market have not yet been occupied but there are a

lot of ambulant vendors around the market. The market may seem to have

enough stalls but some of these stalls costs a lot for the starting vendors to

pay. Therefore, in that case, vendors tend to occupy the sidewalks and sell

there. The situation results to congestion and the sidewalk, hallway and
 42

streets widths become insufficient. Addition to the result regarding to the

situation is the crowding of people especially during peak season or holidays.

The evident traffic congestion is also a contribution of lacking enough

parking spaces for vehicles like, jeepneys, trucks and other automobiles.

Currently there no definite parking spaces since the sparking space aren’t

concreted or developed.

Type/Intensity. Calinan Public market has two market buildings and

stalls inside. These market buildings are designated into wet and dry sections.

Dry section includes the dry goods such as abacca, dried fish and etcetera

while wet section includes meats. These sections are very important and

verify the identity of public market the most. In order for the market to function

better, the market has other facilities like slaughterhouse and the

administrative office. Minor facilities like parking lots plays also a big role

especially when in it comes to deliveries.

Physical Challenged Guidelines. The special consideration for the

welfare of the disabled has been neglected in the current Calinan Public

Market. Ramps should be provided with a scale ratio of one is to twelve.

Furthermore, there should be sufficient space for a wheel chair to pass the

walks with a supposed minimum length of 1.5m as stated in the National

Building Code of the Philippines and BP 344. Furthermore, according to the

Public Market Code ramps shall be strategically located for purposes of

visibility, near the approach point to the market structure, and shall conform to

the provisions of the existing accessibility law which requires buildings,

institutions, establishments and public utilities to install facilities and other

devices to enhance the mobility of disabled persons. Therefore, management

 43

shall provide ramps and other convenient facilities related to make the market

functional and have well-rounded activities. For example, regular stairways

shall complement the market systems and activities. Along with the stairways

are the facilities like toilets intended for the physically challenged people.

Form

Site Analysis. Calinan Public Market is located 7°11'26"N 125°27'16"E

Davao City. It is currently standing in a 14,280 sq. m lot (shown in figure 9)

surrounded by the roads Davao-Bukidnon Highway, Honesto Garcia St. and

the ends of the Villafuerte St. Since the area is too small, the redevelopment

will be extended towards North-West filling up the whole block making the site

a total of 28, 331 sq. m (Shown in figure 12). The market’s site is quite an

irregular shape. It is surrounded by commercial establishments also like

NCCC supermarket just across the market, One Network Bank and Mercury

Drug.

Figure 9

The Current Site

 44

Figure 10

The Site. Bird’s Eye View

Figure 11

The Site. Man’s Eye View (scene from Honesto Garcia St.). Market

Building 2
 45

Figure 12

The New Site

Soil Analysis. According to the data provided by the Mines and

Geosciences Bureau Region XI, Calinan District is within the perimeters of

Calinan Quadrangle. Generally, the area can be grouped into five (5) major

geomorphological units (or terrain mapping units) which are as follows:

a. Fluvial landforms

b. Lower Talomo volcanic foot slopes

c. Denudational landform in volcanic rocks

d. Denudational landform in sedimentary rocks

e. Karst landform
 46

Fluvial landforms. The fluvial landforms define the Davao River and

tributaries active channel and floodplains.

Lower Talomo volcanic foot slope. This area defines the broad and

elevated flatlands covering the Calinan area. It is chiefly underlain by gently

dipping volcaniclastics.

Dedudational landform in volcanic rocks. Intercalated andesitic lava

flows and pyroclastic rock with dominant denudational processes made up

this landform. It occupies the southwestern part of Calinan quadrangle.

Denudational landform in sedimentary rocks. A greater part of the

quadrangle is occupied by the sedimentary hills and slopes. Several Sub-units

can still be delineated within this landform based on relief and specific origin,

however, due to the reconnaissance nature of activity, further delineation of

sub-units was not attempted to this time. It is interesting to note that a lot of

mass movement were mapped within this landform.

Karst landform. Karst landform develops mainly on areas underlain by

limestone especially if excess rainfall is available. Karst landform can be

recognized within Malabog area wherein positive and negative landforms can

be identified.The section of the property with relatively steeper slopes defines

the southeast boundary. The area is generally underlain by intercalated and

compacted pyroclastic deposits with lenses of volcanic flows which, in turn,

an overlain by relatively thin blanket of surficial deposits. The basaltic-

andesitic volcanic rocks in the property are most probably derived from the

Sibulan-Talomo-Apo volcanic complex, which is responsible for the most

widespread lithology in the area, effectively blanketing a substantial portion of

Catalunan Pequeno and other adjacent barangays.

 47

Calinan still belongs to the area where it is low in susceptibility of

landslide however it may be prone to flooding with a rating of medium

susceptibility since it is near to the Talomo River, and the river connected

towards Davao River.

Based from the area’s geological environment and the foregoing field

findings, the property inspected is capable of accommodating most forms of

development. The underlying lithology is generally a competent foundation

material, capable of supporting light to moderate infrastructures (e.g.

residential houses, small buildings, etc.). The geohazards identified in the

area are ground shaking, flooding and possible volcanism. Ground shaking

can be mitigated by the proper engineering designs of structures. As regards

possible volcanism that is subject to official classification of Mt. Apo status by

PHILVOCS, vigilance and alertness would be sufficient to prevent the loss of

lives.
 48

Figure 13

Flood Susceptibility Map of Davao

 49

Figure 14

Landslide Susceptibility Map of Davao

 50

FAR & GAC. According to P.D. No. 1096, THE 1977 NATIONAL

BUILDING CODE OF THE PHILIPPINES (NBCP) the percentage of site

occupancy by a building/ structures shall be taken at the ground level and

shall be exclusive of courts, yards and light wells. Courts, yards and light wells

shall be measured clear of all projections from the walls enclosing such wells

or yards with the exception of roof leaders, wall copings, sills or steel fire

escapes not exceeding one point two meters (1.2 m) in width.

Climate Analysis. In Philippines, there are only two seasons the wet

and dry. The country is located above the equator and is included in tropical

zone. Annually, Philippines is hit by typhoons. Typhoons have a great

influence on the climate and weather conditions of the Philippines. Philippines

has the average temperature of 25.5 degree celcius. A great portion of the

rainfall, humidity and cloudiness are due to the influence of typhoons. Due to

high temperature and the surrounding bodies of water, the Philippines has a

high relative humidity. The average monthly relative humidty varies between

71 percent in March and 85 percent in September. The combination of warm

temperature and high relative and absolute humidities give rise to high

sensible temperature throughout the archipelago. It is especially

uncomfortable during March to May, when temperature and humidity attain

their maximum levels.

As to Davao City, it has an average of monthly temperatures above

26 °C (78.8 °F), and average monthly precipitation is above 77 millimeters

(3.03 in).
 51

Figure 15

Sun and Wind Path

Code Survey and Surroundings. Calinan Public Market belongs to

the Minor Commercial Zone (C-1) as the City planning has defined through

the certificate. This indicates that the market is in the right zone for running

commercial business.

The Calinan Public Market Complex is a redevelopment of the current

market. The current market doesn’t have trees or landscaping, the site is

totally flat with all of its buildings and facilities designated within the site.

However, the market could be attracting if there were any natural features but

it wasn’t implemented due to the small space and a huge need for more stalls

and facilities like additional parking spaces for vehicles like trucks and

jeepneys.
 52

Psychological Implications. Residents in Calinan as surveyed

wanted change for the public market and very much prefer supermarkets

rather than the latter. The

implication of the statement is

that the atmosphere really

affects the point of view of the

customers in purchasing and

patronizing markets.16 people

who were avid customers of

both types of markets were asked if they prefer supermarkets over public

markets. They were also asked if whether of the two are sanitized

The data shows that although the consumers think that public market

has cheaper and fresh products they would still prefer supermarkets over

public markets. The reason behind the preference may be justified by

question number one and two. Consumers still think that supermarkets are

cleaner and much safer to purchase goods.

Figure 16
 53

Survey Results

16

14

12

10

8
Public Market Supermarket
6

0
Question1 Question2 Question 3 Question 4 Question 5 Question 6

Point of Reference/Entry. When driving from downtown towards

Lacson along Davao Bukidnon Highway, the intersection’s round plant box is

very visible. It is already an indication for directions especially knowing the

location of the site aside from being the billboards local stand post.
 54

According to Mr. Elmer Juyo, the market’s officer in charge, the

development of the market has no definite point of access. People could

come in from anywhere and from anytime they want that’s why they didn’t

have any data when it comes to average cutomers who patronize the market.

Therefore, Calinan Public Market is as public as it was named. The

slaughterhouse is the only place where there were restrictions of access.

Building or Layout efficiency. The 17,291 sq. m. total area of the

current Calinan Public Market isn’t really enough for the entire routine of the

users. Since the routine of the users include mobility of vehicles and

transactions. Some stalls remained unoccupied but there are many ambulant

vendors placing themselves within the site. The whole area wasn’t totally

efficient when it comes to layout or the framework of the development

because of the said situation. Maybe the reason is both the organization itself

and the development itself.

Cost/SF and Equipment Costs. For a government funded

development Calinan should have justifiable costs for the said project. Since it

is a redevelopment it will really make a huge change for the market. There

would be additional facilities to which therefore sums up estimated 25,000PhP

gross per area. When multiplied to the total area it will sum up over

24,475,000PhP.

Economy

Cost Parameters and Maximum Budget. Cost per square meters will

be defined 25,000PhP. The latter then is multiplied to area unit per 429 stall

owners, 25 office workers, and average customers daily is approximately 700

 55

customers. That’s a total of 24,475,000PhP without the total additional costs

for extensions.

Market Analysis. Currently, the City Economic Enterprise is expecting

the Calinan Public Market to earn 680,000Php per month. Calinan Public

Market is already fourth of the largest earning public markets in Davao next to

Toril Public Market, Agdao Public Market, and the Bangkerohan Public Market

respectively. The change for the development of the Calinan Publlic Market

may gradually affect and increase the monthly income of the market.

Energy Source Costs. Calinan Public Market relies its electrical power

demand to the Davao Light Power Company. The company charges the

overall commercial centers like public markets 19.38 centavos per KW/hour.

The average consumption of a commercial structure like public market is

about 15.5 Kwh/sf daily. 70% of all energy consumed in a typical office

building, with an additional 20% of energy consumption used to power office

equipment. The remaining energy is consumed by water heating, cooking,

and refrigeration systems, as well as other miscellaneous uses.

Activities and Climate Factors. The continuous maintenance of the

market is very needed as of the current. Since the public market resided in the

tropics, it will really experience high humidity and moisture which eventually

deteriorate some building materials. One of the most important building

material is the roofing in the market building. The holes in roofing does affect

greatly on the products the vendors are selling.

Economic Data. 64.74% of Calinan residents are earning 5,000PhP

below (1), 8.45% are earning 5,001-10,000PhP (2), 6.56% are earning
 56

10,001-15,000PhP (3), 6.00% are earning 15,001-20,000 (4), 3.18% are

earning 20,001-25,000PhP (5), 3.46% are earning 25,001-30,000PhP (6),

7.61% are earning 30,001Php and above (7), with a total of 4,878

households. People here tend to establish livelihood through having

businesses especially regarding agriculture and commerce. As shown in the

data below as gathered information from the Barangay Profile, there is a huge

percentage of people here in Calinan are only earning 5,000PhP below.

Although 53.03% percent of the households are self-employed it seems that

the incomes of the residents are very low.

Figure 17

Pie Chart of Monthly Gross Income of Households, 2010

LEED Rating System. Calinan Public Market needs a huge

maintenance and recovering what is the best out of what’s present could

really be hard especially when the structure itself is deteriorating. The obvious

holes in roofing, which is a huge problem when raining, are one of things that

need action.
 57

In order to reduce the economic costs of maintenance, especially when

replacing stuff like roofing, needs a resolution. The resolution is the resiliency

of design. Resiliency of design means the stand of the building through time

and time to time weather changes. It is incorporated with Environmental

design which implicates the vision of a building that does minimal

environmental impacts. Both of the design implication would be valuable to

the redevelopment of the market.

Time

Significance. Since most of the neighbouring establishments are

commercial spaces, there is no need for consideration of historical

preservation. However, the development shall take consider the nearby park

which resided a few meters away from the market. Parks are very significant
 58

especially for a community; therefore the redevelopment shall take note its

functional impact towards the park.

Activities and Projections. In due time, the seasonal fruits and crops

may affect the public market’s performance. This will be a constant change

that the market should take regard. Eventually, when the market is

redeveloped, there’s a huge possibility of increase of customers. These

customers could come from nearby districts and communities.

When it says the near future, the redevelopment shall be projected to be a

hive of many consumers and customers. The said projection needs sufficient

spaces and shall be flexible for additions.

Chapter IV

CONCEPTS

Function
 59

Service Grouping. Public Market generally classified along

commercial services done by the government. Since the redevelopment will

be adding food, lodging and transportation services aside from marketing,

service grouping within the site will be implemented in ordering plans.

Market Building is where the interaction of customers and vendors

takes place. Generally, market building is sectioned into two: Wet and Dry

sections. Since market building is the main focus of the redevelopment, it,

thus, be considered one of the centralized service grouping along the abattoir,

and bagsakan or food terminal, and storage. These structures help manage

the marketing services of the market. Along this service is the commercial

building.

Food is vital for humans. The food services the market will be offering

is an essential, knowing the market will be flooded by many market travellers,

customers, and vendors every day. The huge percentage of people coming in

will be an implication of many dietary energy intakes for food. After all, what is

the market for? It is for food and other commodity. This service will be mainly

accommodated by the food cove.

Lodging service will be accommodated by the inn. The market, being in

the metro of the sub-urban, made the place a usual stop of travellers. The

residential accommodation the inn is serving is a vital. It will be hosting food

services but only as a minor service since food services is offered by the Food

cove.

The focus may be the market but the addition of transportation makes

the market redevelopment more mobilized. Transportation is very important in

 60

Calinan since it is a sub-urban area of Davao. The terminal will be responsible

for providing care, maintenance and dispatching of the private and market’s

fleet of vehicles. These vehicles include trucks, haulers, L300 vans, tricycles,

and motorcyles.

People Grouping. The redevelopment will be housed by group of

travellers, administrators, customers and vendors. The services the

redevelopment offering will be completed by the administrators and vendors

while the receivers of the services will be the customers and travellers.

The number of customers and travellers is still undefinable since the

current has no specific point of entry and exit. But knowing the population of

Calinan and whole Davao, the redevelopment will be accommodating

approximately a thousand of customers daily. These customers will be

accommodated by combination of over 500 vendors and administrators.

Activity Grouping. The redevelopment of the Public Market will be

offering market, food, transportation, and lodging services. These services will

be housed the structures that will be put up within the parameters of the

Public Market itself.

1. Market. The trading of the merchandise and other commodities is

done here. This where the customers can purchase goods and the

vendors can sell their commodities. The market will be sectioned

into two the wet and the dry sections.

2. Slaughterhouse/Abattoir. The meat production will never be

possible without an area to butcher. The slaughterhouse is the area

where animals were slaughtered then preceded to wet market

section to be purchased by consumers.

 61

3. Bagsakan/Food Terminal. The bagsakan or the food terminal

markets the wholesale trading of products such as fish, fruits,

vegetables and other commodities.

4. Commercial Building. The small private entrepreneurs can start up

their business in this building. This building seeks to put up the local

entrepreneurs and seeks not to operate franchise stores. It can also

host offices. Building includes the City Economic Enterprise Office

for ease of transaction and networking from other offices.

5. Inn. The market inn will be operating due to the residential needs of

the travellers’ stop. It will be mainly housing travellers.

6. Transport Terminal. The terminal is responsible for the organization

of market and people’s fleet of vehicles. Private transport groups of

vans, jeepneys, motorcycles, and tricycles may use the terminal.

Priority. Based on the survey gathered, two of the reasons the

recommendations of the customers is only average towards the market is the

low ratings on sanitation and security matters. Knowing the customers want to

feel secured around the parameters and so as the feel of sanity, the

redevelopment shall design with these values. The main reason of the

development is to rehabilitate the current public market and push it towards

helping the economic status of the community it settled which is the Calinan.

Moreover, the redevelopment shall understand the need of proper disposal

which should parallel to proper security. Along the need of being clean and

safe, the redevelopment shall take into account sustainability and resiliency.

Both principles are indeed the trend but it says and implicates so much more

than just another trend. It allows the building to be environment friendly

without obliterating the very purpose of building structures for the

development of the community.

 62

Hierarchy. The redevelopment will be managed by the market

administrator. Market administrator will be responsible for the implementation

of rules and regulations of the public market, the assistance in the formulation

of the budget for operations, the proposition and coordinating plans and

programs for public markets and other responsibilities as stated in Senate Bill

1319 section 59. However, the main focus of the redevelopment which will

take highest regard is the market building where market is being done. It is

the core reason of putting up the project alongside the bagsakan,

slaughterhouse, inn, foodcove and terminal.

Security Controls. Since security is one of the priorities of the

redevelopment, it shall then be regarded by proper design and integration of

technology. Security may be concern because of the site environment,

relating to a neighbourhood or community condition. Security measures in

public places like the Public Market would be hard especially winding up the

thought of making the development as open and inviting. Implementation of

CCTV and surveillance systems on the site will be a factor of security

tightening. Along integrated technologies are the implementation of rules and

roving officers, and site lighting during nighttime.

Sequential Flow

1. Site Development
 63

2. Market

3. Bagsakan

4. Slaughterhouse
 64

5. Transport Terminal

6. Inn

7. Commercial Building

Separated Flow. Abattoir or the slaughterhouse shall be separated

from the public view. Since it still needs the importing and exporting especially

livestocks, it should have separated road networks along with the waste
 65

disposal collection. Moreover, the inn shall be as much as possible separate

itself from too publicized places to avoid noise problems. Knowing that the inn

is a place where the travellers could stay and rest, the concept of privacy shall

be taken to account also.

Functional Relationships

1. Site Development

2. Market
 66

3. Bagsakan

4. Slaughterhouse

5. Terminal
 67

6. Inn

7. Commercial Stalls
 68

Communications. The modernization of the era is really rapid making

communication as fast as lightning. The development of technologies like

internet made a huge impact on day to day communication. One example is

email where one can send messages through the internet. Communications

like this shall be taken to account in building up the development.

Technology like computers may improve the dispatching and receiving

of goods on the redevelopment. It can simplify the auditing of the office staffs.

It can also maximize the time which then can be converted towards keeping

the market intact with the customers since customers can come anytime.

Form

Enhancements. The project is redevelopment of the current Public

Market. Since the area will be extended filling up the whole block. The

redevelopment will make a huge change for the area. Though there are areas

that will be preserved but it would be just minimal since there are problems,

huge problems that currently needing curing. One problem if the

redevelopment takes place is the congestion of traffic. In order to solve the

problem of congestion, the plan should be reorganized.

 69

Special Foundations. The location of the redevelopment is within the

range of a tropical country. It will experience only wet and dry seasons. This

kind of climate supports the existence of many wild animals as well as insects

like flies, mosquitoes, and vermins. Commonly, insects like flies infest markets

since it is where waste is always present. Knowing the problem of the market,

the redevelopment shall consider the problem. Proper waste management

and discipline shall be implemented.

Alongside the implementation of rules regarding sanitation, the

improvement of the redevelopment shall take into account the climate’s dry

season. With this, the redevelopment will consider sun baffles in its design

and rainwater harvesting. The principles may eventually minimize operational

costs through the time.

 70

Density & Environmental Control. Based from the area’s geological

environment and the foregoing field findings, the property inspected is

capable of accommodating most forms of development. The underlying

lithology is generally a competent foundation material, capable of supporting

light to moderate infrastructures (e.g. residential houses, small buildings, etc.).

The geohazards identified in the area are ground shaking, flooding and

possible volcanism. Ground shaking can be mitigated by the proper

engineering designs of structures. As regards possible volcanism that is

subject to official classification of Mt. Apo status by PHILVOCS, vigilance and

alertness would be sufficient to prevent the loss of lives.

Safety. Currently, Calinan may not be too dense like in the downtown

area but being a sub-urban and metro of many local districts, Calinan may

eventually increase its density. The redevelopment’s site is along the Davao-

Bukidnon Road which is zoned as minor commercial zone. It is a flat

development and there were no special features like trees on the site.

Knowing the increasing demographic status of the location, the

redevelopment shall put an allowance for the increase. Though the future may

be vague, as an important development of the location, it shall view the

perspective of looking forward what’s about to happen. Crowding will likely to

happen especially on peak seasons and holidays therefore, hallways and

public passageways shall be designed accordingly.

Neighbors. The redevelopment is a neighbor of many small to medium

commercial establishments. Near the development are a bank, a police

station, a supermarket, and a commercial strip. There are also on going

constructions for commercial strips. Eventually, the public market will be

 71

surrounded by many commercial establishments that have the tendency to kill

the market. The sad truth with competing with its neighboring is that the

market does not have the strength, though it has assets, it is swallowed by its

failures on sanity and other factors.

In order to revitalize the area it shall be redeveloped into much

modernized features and showcase itself without intending to kill other

commercial establishments nearby. It shall then feature, free flow of traffic,

safety and sanity. With its features, the market may earn millions and help the

thriving community of Calinan as well as its local entrepreneurs and farmers.

Homebase/Office Concepts. The parameters of the redevelopment is

extended filling up the whole block along the Davao-Bukidnon Road. It will be

settling on the minor commercial zoned land in Calinan and will be

maintaining the actual face of being a Public Market. Its territorial domain may

be as open as the word public may imply, but shall enclose its parameters

also. The government will be funding the redevelopment and will be actually

cautious for customers since it is them it is serving. Along public safety is its

contribution to the community Davao as its very hometown.

Orientation & Accessibility. The current public market is much known

for its settlement in Honesto Garcia St. It is best in wayfinding Calinan’s

metro. Since it is in the metro there are only a few good views since it is

surrounded by commercial establishments. Only that, when the

redevelopment will take up to two storeys and up, it may catch up the view of

surrounding mountains. When the sun rises up the smallest side of the

parameter may see it perfectly. However, it may be utilized to be seen if

there’s a proper design that will view it.

 72

The area it settled is accessible enough for tourists and local

customers. Since it is alongside the road, the area is very visible and

accessible. The public market shall retain its face of being public without

intending to risk safety measures.

Character & Quality Control. The client intends to make the public

market a staple center of commercial and economic development in Calinan.

It views that the redevelopment shall be the metro when it comes to

entrepreneurship and business. It seeks to promote the local products through

establishing a structure that is modernized and of high quality yet very warm

for everyone, and economical.

Economy

Cost-Control. Cost of the redevelopment may be as large as it has

newly built but shall seek to be cost effective. In order to control cost, the

redevelopment shall establish the goals through efficiently use materials that

are of quality yet economical. The redevelopment shall maintain and not

exceed the needed number of buildings and materials to be used.

Efficient Allocation. There should be financial allocation for

bunkhouses and other contingencies along the journey of building up the

structures. There should be an efficient and justifiable amount of financial

allocation.

Multi-Function Versatility. Since the area may not be efficient for

large scale functions, the redevelopment shall take into account the possibility

of mixing building. Though it will be mixed, it shall seek to be appropriate and

 73

effective for all the users. The structure shall be versatile for any changes over

time.

Energy Conservation & Cost Reduction. Conserving energy is vital

in the current location. The dependency of Davao’s electricity to the hydro-

electric power of Maria Cristina Falls may not be sufficient especially during

summer months. In order to establish a fill to the problem, the redevelopment

shall be designed to accommodate sunlight without intending to warm the

inside facilities. Daylighting could be a solution to the lighting of the whole

structure allowing energy conservation. Parallel to the conservation when it

comes to power is the water consumption. The redevelopment shall be

efficient in using water. In order to establish efficiency in water, it will be

having a rainwater harvesting system which will be used for cleaning and

washing.

Recycling. Recycling water may be impossible but as of the current

generation there are several ways to recycle things like water. The biofiltration

system, that has developed just years ago, is a factor that can be considered

especially water is very important in running most of the facilities. The system

is conceptualized to reuse water in order to use for washing and other non-

potable stuff. It would be very efficient for the redevelopment and sustainable

at the same time.

 74

Time

Adaptability. The project is redevelopment, though it has no

implication of historic preservation, it seeks to preserve the face of being the

public market, the market of the masses and the local. The changes like the

modernization and implementation of new technological systems may shift the

Public market from old dingy place to a very well established and planned

design. However, the redevelopment shall adapt to its environment that still

wants a traditional, open, patriotic and vibrant market.

Expansibility. The possibility of expansion of the development may

occur especially when the community is growing. If the area is fully occupied,

there is no other way to expand is to go up higher. Having additional storey

may not be bad especially when the foundations are properly done that allows

also for additional load.

Linear/Concurrent Scheduling. Since the market vendors are already

present, when redeveloping the market, the market shall still run. There

should be an allocation for the vendors to continue their business. The

development is for the improvement and does not seek to choke the
 75

entrepreneurs during the construction. The complexity during the construction

may be very obvious but in order for the development takes place the users

shall adapt to the transition.

Chapter V

NEEDS

Function

Area Requirements. Table 11 shows that the overall floor area of the

market per square meter is 2,628 square meters. Abattoir or slaughterhouse

needs 1,035.6sqm; Bagsakan needs 1,902sqm; Commercial building requires

1,726 sqm; Inn requires 1,041.9 sqm; terminal needs 1,002.8sq m, and food

cove requires 1,000sqm. For a total area requirement of 8,527 sq meters, the

site would be enough however parkings and walkways are not yet included.

Therefore, by that case there’s no other way to maximize the space is to build

it up vertically.

Table 11

Summary of Total Load

Space/Building Total Floor Area (Sq. m)

Market 2,628
Abattoir 1,036
 76

Bagsakan 403
Commercial Building 1,726
Terminal 1,003
Inn 1,042
TOTAL 7,838

Table 12

Market Building Occupancy Load

Minimum
Number of Total Floor Area
Space Area (Sq.
Units (Sq. m)
m)/Unit

Entrance 1 600 600

Information Area 1 9 9

Wet Market

Fish Section 40 3.1 124

Seafood Section 40 3.1 124

Meat Section 45 3.1 139.5

Poultry 40 3.1 124

Entrails 35 3.1 108.5

Dry Market

Vegetable Division 40 3.1 124

Fruit Division 40 3.1 124

Root Crops Division 40 3.1 124

Rice and Grains Division 40 3.1 124

Flowers Section 30 3.1 93

Handicrafts Division 30 3.1 93

Packaged Food Division 25 3.1 77.5

Dry Goods 25 3.1 77.5

 77

Aisles 500 0.9 450

Storage 2 28 56

Utility Room 1 28 28

Maintenance Room 1 28 28

TOTAL 2,628

Table 13

Transport Terminal Occupancy Load

Minimu
Number m Area Total Floor
Space
of Units (sq. Area (sq.m)
m)/Unit

Cashier 3 9.3 27.9

Waiting Area 300 1.4 420

Utility Room 1 27 27

Parking 40 12.5 500

Office/Information Desk 3 9.3 27.9

TOTAL 1002.8

Table 14

Inn Occupancy Load

Number of Minimum Total Floor

Space
Units Area(sq.m)/Unit Area (sq.m)
Lobby 1 100 100

Reception 1 50 50

Lounge 1 50 50

Office 3 9.3 27.9

 78

Bedroom 25 18.6 465

Storage 3 27 81

Kitchen 2 32 64

Utility Room 2 27 54

Atrium 1 150 150

TOTAL 1041.9

Table 15

Commercial Building Occupancy Load

Minimum
Area Total Floor
Space Number of Units (sq.m)/Unit Area (sq. m)
Gadgets Division 8 32 256
Foods Division 8 32 256
Clothing Division 10 32 320
Accessories Division 7 32 224
Utility Room 2 27 54
City Economic
Enterprise
Chief's Office 5 28 140
Staff's Office 20 9.3 186
Conference Room 1 100 100
Lounge 1 50 50
Storage 2 27 54
Kitchenette 1 32 32
Utility Room 2 27 54
TOTAL 1726

Table 16

Bagsakan Occupancy Load

 79

Minimum Total
Area Floor
Number (sq.m)/Uni Area (sq.
Space of Units t m)
Meat Section 30 3.1 93
Fish Section 30 3.1 93
Vegetables
Section 35 3.1 108.5
Fruit Section 35 3.1 108.5
TOTAL 403

Table 17

Slaughterhouse Occupancy Load

Number Minimum Total Floor

Space
of Units Area/Unit Area (sq. m)

Area for Animals 10 50 500

Slaughter Area 10 32 320

Dressing Section 5 9.3 46.5

Area for Meat and Entrails 5 9.3 46.5

Storage/Refigeration 2 27 54

Waste Disposal 1 50 50

Office 2 9.3 18.6

TOTAL 1035.6

Parking Requirements. Below, the Table 20 shows the required

minimum off-street parking slots for every building. Standard sizes will still be

followed in parallel to the Presidential Decree 1096 or National Building Code

of the Philippines. The average size of parking slot shall be 2.5 x 5 meters,

while truck or buses shall be 3.60 x 12 meters. The number of slots is solved

depending upon each building requirement resulting to 62 parking slots

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Table 18

Summary of Total Parking Slots

Gross Total No.of

Space Floor Area Slot Slot/GFA Parking
(sq.m) Slots

Market 2,628 1 125 21

Abattoir 1,036 5.5 1000 6

Bagsakan 1,092 5.5 1000 6

City Economic
643 3.3 1000 2
Enterprise Office

Food Cove 1,154 0.3 70 5

Commercial Building 1,110 4 1000 4

Terminal 1,003 5.5 1000 6

Inn 1,042 1.5 125 13

TOTAL 62

Outdoor Space Requirements. Outdoor requirement include

landscaping and all the details and facilities for further development and

improvement of the site or the project. Since there are redevelopments, the

roads may be altered. Due to alteration most of the outdoor requirement are

new and therefore has new costing. Table 21 shows the summary of the

outdoor land requirements

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Table 19

Outdoor Space Requirements

Minimum Total
Number of Area Floor
Space
Units (sq.m)/Uni Area
t (sq.m)

Road 2 600 1,200

Pavement and Parking 100 18 1,800

Perimeter Fence 1 1,491 1,491

Landscapes 1 1,500 1,500

Guardhouse 3 9 27

Refuse Depository Area 3 100 300

TOTAL 6,318
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Form

Site Development Costs. Site Development Cost consists of all the

overall fixed cost of the development. It includes the land requisition, land

development of site and the cost of the building. The total estimated cost of

the redevelopment will be 202,504,300.00 PhP.

Table 20

Fixed Cost

Development Cost (PhP)

Land Acquisition 3,265,300.00
Land Development of
Site 26,803,000.00
172,436,000.0
Cost of Building 0
202,504,300.0
TOTAL 0

Building Costs/SM. The total building cost as shown in Table 23 is

resulted from the computation of area and building costing per square meter.

The partial total cost of the building structure is 172,436,500 PhP. In Table 24

is the outdoor development costs which shows that the total cost is

26,803,000.00 Php. The cost of the outdoor development is smaller though

there are many alterations to the roads and beautification of the site.
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Table 21

Total Building Costs

Area in Cost per sq. Total Cost

Space/Building sq.m m. (PhP)

Market 2,628 22,000.00 57,816,000.00

Abattoir 1,036 22,000.00 22,792,000.00
Bagsakan 403 22,000.00 8,866,000.00
Commercial
Building 1,726 22,000.00 37,972,000.00
Terminal 1,003 22,000.00 22,066,000.00
Inn 1,042 22,000.00 22,924,000.00

TOTAL 172,436,000.00

Table 22

Costs of Land Development of Site

Total Area Total Cost

Development Cost/Area
(sq.m) (PhP)

Road 1,200 3,000.00 3,600,000.00

Pavement and Parking 1,800 3,000.00 5,400,000.00

Perimeter Fence 800 3,200.00 2,560,000.00

Landscapes 1,500 9,000.00 13,500,000.00

Guardhouse 27 9,000.00 243,000.00

Refuse Depository Area 300 5,000.00 1,500,000.00

TOTAL 26,803,000.00
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Economy

Budget Estimate Analysis. The redevelopment will need a lot of

financial support since it needs a lot of alteration towards the building and the

site development. The total net income of the development is:

Total net Income = Income – (Salaries + Operating Cost)

Total net Income = 41,628,000 – (4,272,000 + 4,205,153.40)

Total net Income = 33,150,846.60

Since it is a government funded development the return of investment

may be disregarded in analysis of finances. Furthermore, the goal of the client

in having the development is to help the people in Calinan to rise up in

economic status and therefore not seek to return of all the investment no

matter how large it may be. However, in order to give justification to the goal

of efficiency, within 6.1 years the investment will be returned. The total net

income of the development will thus be returned to the government for

another purposeful usage.

Cash Flow Analysis. Table 23 shows the summary of the total wages

needed annually depending upon the profession or work of the employee.

Table also shows the monthly wage. In Table 24, it shows the annual income

of the market due to the stalls for lease and the room for rent in the inn and

the terminal.
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Table 23

Summary of Wages

Total
No. of Wages Total Wage
Personn Monthly Wage Php Php(Annuall
Profession el (PhP) (Monthly) y)
Market Administrator 1 20,000.00 20,000.00 240,000.00
Market Master 1 16,000.00 16,000.00 192,000.00
Personnel Manager 1 13,000.00 13,000.00 156,000.00
Asst. Personnel
Manager 1 12,000.00 12,000.00 144,000.00
Food Cove Manager 1 13,000.00 13,000.00 156,000.00
Building Administrator 1 14,000.00 14,000.00 168,000.00
Asst. Building
Administrator 1 13,000.00 13,000.00 156,000.00
Architect 1 18,000.00 18,000.00 216,000.00
Receiving Officer 1 12,000.00 12,000.00 144,000.00
Asst. Receiving Officer 1 10,000.00 10,000.00 120,000.00
Receptionist 3 10,000.00 30,000.00 360,000.00
Executive Secretary 1 10,000.00 10,000.00 120,000.00
Accountant 1 13,000.00 13,000.00 156,000.00
Check Master 1 8,000.00 8,000.00 96,000.00
Maintenance Engineer 1 8,000.00 8,000.00 96,000.00
Plumber 2 8,000.00 16,000.00 192,000.00
Electrician 2 8,000.00 16,000.00 192,000.00
Aircon Technician 2 8,000.00 16,000.00 192,000.00
Carpenter 2 8,000.00 16,000.00 192,000.00
Painter 2 8,000.00 16,000.00 192,000.00
Security Guard 6 8,000.00 48,000.00 576,000.00
Veterenarian 1 10,000.00 10,000.00 120,000.00
Landscaper 1 8,000.00 8,000.00 96,000.00
356,000.0
TOTAL 0 4,272,000.00
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Table 24

Summary of Total Income Annually

Number
of Stall Income/St Total
or all or Total Cost Income
Bedroo Bedroom (Php) (Php)
Building/space m (Php) Monthly annually
6,768,000.0
Market 470 1,200.00 564,000.00 0
3,600,000.0
Inn 30 10,000.00 300,000.00 0
Commercial 4,200,000.0
Building 35 10,000.00 350,000.00 0
Food Cove 10 5,000.00 50,000.00 600,000.00
2,130,000. 25,560,000.
Abattoir 71 30,000.00 00 00
Terminal 5 15,000.00 75,000.00 900,000.00
41,628,000.
TOTAL 00

Operating Costs. Table 25 shows the estimated operating costs

monthly and annually. Yearly, the market will be spending 4,205,153.40 PhP

on water, energy, and telecommunication consumption. Water consumption

computation is solved by per capita per person while electricity is solved by

having the area as one of the variables both then are multiplied to the

corresponding costs that depends upon companies serving.

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Table 25

Summary of Operating Costs Annually

Monthly
Annual Cost
Commodity Consumption
(Php)
Cost (Php)

Water 31,733.33 380,799.96

Electricity 298,696.12 3,584,353.44

Telephone 10,000.00 120,000.00

Internet 10,000.00 120,000.00

TOTAL 4,205,153.40
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Time

Escalation. The construction of the redevelopment as estimated will

run in almost 2 years. In that case, 2 years may choke the businesses of the

locals. In order to solve the problem, the redevelopment shall relocate the

entrepreneurs temporarily on a certain area still along the redevelopment site.

Since, the redevelopment is gradual for each building; other businesses may

still occupy the available and safe areas within the site.

Time Schedule. Table 28 shows the first year schedule of works over

months while Table 29 shows the second year schedule of works over

months. In total, the estimated finished development will be in 2 years.

However, 2 years may be shortened depending upon the work of performance

and the contractor’s facilities and management.

Table 26

First Year Construction Schedule

Month
First Year Activity 1
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 11 12
0

Site Acquisition and Demolition

Clearances, Admin and

Permits

Ground breaking/Foundation
Works

Structural and Civil Works

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Table 27

Second Year Construction Schedule

Month
Second Year 1
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 11 12
0

Structural and Civil works

Electrical Works

Plumbing Works

Mech. And Air Conditioning

Interior and Finishes

Ground Restoration and Paving

Works

Clearing and Waste Disposal

 90

Chapter VI
PROBLEM

Function

Calinan Public Market is fourth out of nine highest grossing markets in

Davao along with Bankerohan, Agdao and Toril. However, there is still a huge

possibility that it will perform more if it is redeveloped.

Calinan is the center of the suburban area. It is where travellers stop

and people from uptowns like Lamanan, Marilog, Baguio, Suawan, Sirib, and

others to purchase and exchange goods. Commonly, the Public Market is the

stop among establishments. It is where goods are exchanged and settled to

be travelled to downtown area. One of the interviewed vendor said that most

of the goods or commodity are travelled towards downtown because they

earn much there instead in the Calinan Public Market. They travel hours and

paid for that cost just to export their goods. Looking through the situation that

many of the customers here in Calinan still go to downtown to buy goods, it

only implies how simply ironic it would be. Seems like that the community of

Calinan and nearby sitios and towns are very dependent on the downtown

area.

The mind setting of the customers why they prefer to go downtown and

purchase goods in supermarket rather than settling and patronize what is near

is understood because of the survey done. The common problem of the site

as surveyed is the sanitation and the security matters. Although there are

garbage bins around, it seems like it wouldn’t be enough due to the large
 91

volume of waste the market is producing. Sanitation is a factor also that the

customers much prefer supermarkets over public markets. With this, the

public market will be dying more. Aside from sanitation, the security is really

not felt by most of the customers since stealing is still rampant. Though there

are roving officers and a police post is just across the highway street, the

customers still think that the market is not safe. Furthermore, sanitation and

security are not only the concern but so as the traffic congestion especially in

peak seasons or hours. Knowing the entire current problem in the site, it shall

then be solved for the improvement of the market.

Being in the center, the public market is always a stop for travellers

especially towards nearby towns and districts like Bukidnon and Baguio. The

activity is an opportunity for business like residential, and food corners. This

activity may elevate more the potentiality of the Public Market.

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Form

Public Market is a place that is widely known by everyone. Here in

Philippines it is locally known as palengke. Usually, public markets are face of

how poverty works and exchange. The common perception of the public

market hadn’t change even in Calinan Public Market.

Calinan Public Market is situated in Calinan, Davao City. It is a

suburban area and is very rich in agriculture. The area is approximately 27

kilometers from the downtown area and takes about an hour to travel. The

location is very good especially for business. It is usually the stop and the

current public market even with its flaws it is still patronized by many since it is

the only public market located in the suburban. Knowing that the location is

perfect, the redevelopment has the plus to be pursued especially that maybe

in the near future, Calinan may arise economically just like Toril.

The Calinan is obviously improving with all the developments that are

currently constructing. The Public Market on the other hand will be competing

this commercial establishments to which are very much preferred by most of

customers. In order to compete, the Calinan Public Market redevelopment will

be complex. Within the parameter of the site, the public market will not only

public market. It will thus include commercial establishments, food corners

and inn.

In order for the redevelopment be successful, it shall cope up with

latest trend without neglecting sustainability and resiliency.

Since there are problems when it comes to power or electrical energy

in Mindanao, the redevelopment shall take this into account when designing.
 93

Energy is very important in a commercial establishment like market. Aside

from energy, it shall take into account the reduction of the use of water by

biofiltration and rainwater harvesting. These systems may reduce

consumption and operating costs eventually through time

Economy

The project is a redevelopment of the current Calinan Public Market.

Since the redevelopment programming views a lot of flaws when it comes to

traffic, sanitation and security matters, the redevelopment itself will be costly

when it will be reconstructed. Though the finance will be supported by the

Government it wouldn’t be proper without any returns and efficiency into the

design.

Since Government will be funding, the redevelopment shall have

justifiable cost. It should be economical yet of quality. The initial budget will be

large however; the continuity of the income and the inclination of the

economic status of the community shall be maintained. Proven that the

redevelopment will help the community, it shall also prove its efficiency

towards energy and water consumption by implication of design systems like

daylighting and rainwater harvesting.

Time

The redevelopment as stand point of change of impression towards

public markets is huge thing to push through. The perception towards public

market is gradual since it is already settled in the minds of most Filipinos that

public markets are the mirrors of filth and poverty.

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In order to make transitions, the Public Market shall be coping through

latest design trends but still thinking on the other side of having timeless

design. With the design and given with the new facilities, the development

shall eventually change mindsets towards public markets.

Maintenance is a factor of preserving the redevelopments design and

features. Since it is a public market where surely sanitation is one of the very

important factors to be maintained, the redevelopment shall assure the

lifelong sanity in the market through following and implementing rules and

regulation about the certain matter referring to the Senate Bill 1319 section 8

through 22. Furthermore, the redevelopment shall keep up towards the future

competitions and shall be able to present itself through time with timeless

design and features.

BIBLIOGRAPHY
 95

Carmona, M., Heath, T., Oc, T., & Tiesdell, S. (2003). Public Places-Urban
Spaces. Oxford: Architectural Press.

De Chiara, J. & Callendar, J. (1987). Time's Savers Standards for Building

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Federico M. Macaranas, P. (2013, October 31). ASEAN INTEGRATION 2015:

IS THE PHILIPPINES READY FOR AFTA? Retrieved January 13,
2015, from ASEAN Institute of Management:
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the-philippines-ready-for-afta/

Jewell, N. (2011, November 17). Barcelona’s Santa Caterina Market.

Retrieved December 3, 2014, from Buidepedia:

Lochaven. (2011). Public Market Feasibility Studies and Business Plan.

Vernon.

‘Men Buy, Women Shop’: The Sexes Have Different Priorities When Walking
Down the Aisles. (2007, November 28). Retrieved February 19, 2015,
from Wharton University of Pennsylania:
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sexes-have-different-priorities-when-walking-down-the-aisles/

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from The Investigative Reporting Magazine:
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Companies Inc.

Vera, I. J. (2013). ASEAN Integration 2015 and what it means to your

business. Retrieved January 19, 2015, from University of the
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Vision Mission. (2011). Retrieved November 28, 2014, from Davao City:
http://www.davaocity.gov.ph/davao/vision.aspx

What is a Public Market? (2014). Retrieved January 17, 2015, from Public
Markets: http://publicmarkets.com/learn-more/what-is-a-public-market/

Williamson, T., Radford, A., & Bennetts, H. (2002). Understanding Sustainable

Architecture. New York: Spon Press.

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from Public Market Development:
http://publicmarketdevelopment.com/what-is-a-public-market-2/
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APPENDICES
 98

CURRICULUM VITAE

PERSONAL DATA

Name: Lanie Mae Fernandez Villareal

Date of Birth: May 15, 1995

Place of Birth: Calinan, Davao City

Current Address: Purok 6, Feria St. Calinan, Davao City

Email Address: laniemaev@gmail.com

Father’s Name: Leilan P. Villareal

Mother’s Name: Emily F. Villareal

EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND

Elementary Education: Calinan Central Elementary School

Secondary Education: Holy Cross College of Calinan

Tertiary Education: University of Mindanao

99