x Firat Round Asner | gore Hathematicl Olmpad for Primary Schools 2008 3 Singapore Mathematicl Olympiad fr Primary Schools 2008 Total Marks FULL SOLUTIONS TO SELECTED QUESTIONS (FIRST ROUND) First Round ~ Answers Keys 150 as For markers'| Qu Answers |Formarters|| 1 2008 Question errs formar hissy Hint: Consider the difference between the sum of the fist 4 even numbers and the oo sum of the first 4. odd numbers, ae 16 360 1 2008 Ww 36 2 (a)+(a+1)+(0+2)> 2008 = 30+3> 2008 0> 668-5 2 2010 18 28 ‘The three sides are 669, 670,671, the least possible perimeter = 2010, 3 2007 19 288 3 Letx=2007 4 2 20 4015 2008 x 20072007 - 2007 x 20082007 = (r+ 1) (100018) — «(1000 (r+ 1) +.) : = muon 6 wm a 3 7 18 2 3 4 0 23 540 9 4 24 9 54 10 25 5 26 126 6 (56789 + 67895 + 78956 + 89567 + 95678) = 5 = (250000 + 35000 + 3500 +350 + 35) +5 u 27 80 a7) 2 4 2B 351 a ie 7 Rotate the inner smaller square about the centre by 90 degrees, you will notice that 13 15 the sizeof the small square is exactly half that ofthe large square. Ther re ? i" a 0 = erefore area ofthe large square is 18 cm 15 9_sgapire Mateatcal Ong for rinary Schools 2008 5 B 5 zn=a, They are all 8s. Therefore answer is 0. D@F Cc 9 Option (4). in the new triangle, PQ= PR + QR thats Res onthe line PQ The height fom Ris 210, therefore aea ofthe triangle is 20. Area of tangle ceF = + (oc) 6-a) $$ lab-ad-be+ ech +10 1,000,000.000 (= 1 + 999999999) 88, 888.010 (= 22+ 86,880,688) 7978MN0 (= 333+ 7,777,777) 671,110 (= 4,444 + 666,666 ) 55,555 1097393685 (Total) ‘Area of shaded region = 32-2-8-7= 15cm? 1407 equal or less than 9 x 10 = 90, B must be equal or less than 8 + 9= 17, € must be 9 | 15 The sum of all the dicts of a multiple of 9s also a multiple of 9. Therefore A must be a+b=25 16 360 12 Four turns. One -third turn at each of the vertices plus one tum for each side of the triangle, 1736 xbx00+-LxbxOE +} xx OF xbx(0D+0E +09) ‘Therefore h = (0D + OF + OF) = 28,% Ful Solitons (Fst Rou L\ LEP MOAN Therefore area of the triangle POR = 288 cm 19 20 Fora 1 by 1 square, maximum number of squares that can be crossed =1x2-1=1 Fora 2 by 2 square, maximum number of squares that can be crossed 2x2-1=3 For a3 by 3 square, maximum number of squares that can be crossed 3x2-1=5 For a 2008 by 2008 square, maximum number of squares that can be crossed = 2008x2-1=4015 21 The container labeled ‘mixture’ option (3). If red marble Is selected from the “mixture” container, since itis wrongly labelled, this container must contain only red marbles. The one labelled “white” must contain ‘a mixture of red and white marbles while the one labelledred” must contain only white marbles. ‘The same argument applies ifa white marble is selected from the container labelled mixture’, 2an=3 Sum of even digits = 8n-+2 Sum of odd digits = 2n + 9, Difference =6n ~7, smallest n = 3 for the difference to be divisible by 11 23-7 x 180° 2.x 360° = 540" gap Waal aor Pan Sols 2508 i 249 25 Option (5). Iisa gentleman, A would tell the truth and say"l am a gentleman’ IfAisa liar, Awould lie and say" lam a gentleman’ Regardless of what dis, he could not have said" am a lia” Hence Bis ing and C spoke the truth, Lastly itis impossible to tell what Ais. 126 When 124 is divided by 5, we get quotient 24, remainder 4, ‘When 124 is divided by 25, we get quotient 4, remainder 24 ‘The largest value of mis 124, 27-Can simplify the inequality into 64n < 40k < 65n, The interval 64n to 65n contains (n— 1) whole numbers. Fn-1>2x40=80,it will contain at least two multiples of 40 Therefore i n= 60, we will gt largest value ofn for which there is only one multiple of 40. Therefore 64x 80 < 40k < 65x 80 which implies 128 x 40 < 12940 < 130% 40. Hence k= 129 28 Consider TADELADADATAT STATED ETAT DEDEDE THIF THETA E14 11414141528 Ife mark two of the positive signs, we can divide the left hand side into 3 parts. For example TEDSTHT LHD HTELETETE DELS ALATHIATFIFTET ETAT HIST S141 ETEL ‘means that there are 4,7 and 17 marbles in boxes A, 8 and C respectively. Now there are 27 ways to choose the first positive sign to mark, Then we ate left with 26 ways to choose the second positive sign to mark Since order is not important, there are (27 x 26) + 2= 351 ways