List of contains

Introduction …………………………………………………………………. 1
Objectives ……………………………………………………………………. 3
Measurements and reads ……………………………….……………. 2
Conclusion ………………………………………………………………..….. 4
 Introduction
Over/Under Voltage Relays provide protection to equipment where an
over or under voltage condition is potentially damaging. They are
designed to energize when the operating voltage reaches a preset value
and drop-out when the operating voltage drops to a level below the
preset value.

For the satisfactory working of all electrical and electronic devices, it is

recommended to allow voltage at prescribed limits. Voltage
fluctuations in electric power supply certainly have adverse effects on
connected loads. These fluctuations can be of over voltage and under
voltages which are caused by several reasons like voltage surges,
lightning, overload, etc. Over voltages are the voltages that exceed the
normal or rated values which cause insulation damage to electrical
appliances leading to short circuits. Similarly, under-voltage causes
overloading of the equipment leading to lamp flickers and inefficient
performance of the equipment. Thus, this article is intended to
give under and overvoltage protection circuit schemes with different
control structure
 Objectives

To check the intervention time for maximum and minimum voltage relay in a
three-phase line with neutral

the electrical connection diagram

Code CEI: 59 Maximum voltage relay

27 Minimum voltage relay

Figure 1

Adjustments of the relay

- Line nominal voltage Ue = 400 V; 380V
- maximum voltage threshold (MAX VOLTAGE) = 105 %;
- intervention delay for maximum voltage (DELAY MAX) = 5 s;
- minimum voltage threshold (MIN VOLTAGE) = -90 %;
- intervention delay for minimum voltage (DELAY MIN) = 5 s.
- adjust the voltage of the variable power supply line up to 400 V , 380 V
 Measurements and reads

V Max. Min. Under over

400 105% 80% 325 420
400 110% 85% 345 440
400 115% 90% 361 -
table 2

V Max. Min. Under over

380 105% 80% 306 398
380 110% 85% 325 417
380 115% 90% 347 437
table 3
 Conclusion
The protection of electrical components either it was a high or medium or low
voltage must include an over and under voltage protection relays , since the
electrical damage due to these conditions is considered and can be dangerous.

The setting of the relay is the most important part with its all properties such as
delay time and percentage of the faulted electrical quantity .