BIRLA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY & SCIENCE, PILANI

HYDERABAD CAMPUS

Course: (CE G551) Dynamics of structures FIRST SEMESTER 2017-2018

Maximum Marks: 60 Date: 04.12.2017
Max Duration: 180 Min Component Weightage: 50%

Comprehensive Exam (Open book)

Note: 1. Answer All questions.

2. Text books, reference books, study notes and scientific calculators are allowed.
3. Use of Mobiles / electronic gadgets is strictly prohibited.
4. Notations used are standard and will have their usual meaning.
5. Assume any suitable data, if necessary.
6. Highlight the answers with BOX

1. A vibratory system of mass 15kg exhibits the time response shown in the figure. The effective spring
constant k and viscous damping coefficient c for the system are approximately (3 Marks)

a. k= 265N/m, c= 20 N-s/m
b. k= 530 N/m, c= 10 N-s/m
c. k= 265 N/m, c= 5 N-s/m
d. k= 530 N/m, c= 40 N-s/m

e. Need more information

2. A Professor of Dynamics once measured the vibration response of a coast guard light station, which
stood in 20 meters of water. It was a steel, space frame structure with a large house sitting on the top.
A simple single degree-of-freedom equivalent model of the structure is a massless beam with an
equivalent concentrated mass on the end. The equivalent mass is the sum of the mass of the house and
 1/4 of the mass of the space frame structure. The total concentrated mass in this case was M = 273000
Kg. The measured natural frequency of the platform in the first bending mode was 1.0 Hz, and the
measured damping was 1.0 % of critical. By watching the output of an accelerometer on an
oscilloscope the professor was able to shift the weight of his body from one foot to the other in
synchrony with the motion of the structure at 1.0 Hz.The shifting of his weight from side to side may
be modeled as an horizontal harmonic force. Find the magnitude of the steady state horizontal force
that was necessary to drive the structure to a steady state acceleration amplitude of 0.003g. (8 marks)

3. A single-story storage building is to be constructed

with 3 cm clearance in a pit. The building has an
undamped natural period of 0.10 sec and a viscous
damping ratio of 2% of the critical damping. Freight
trains passing nearby the pit cause the ground to
oscillate sideways harmonically at 12 Hz with
maximum amplitude of 1.5 cm. Is the clearance large
enough to avoid pounding between the storage
building and surrounding rock? Consider only the
steady-state response. If clearance is no enough,
what should be the limit to ground vibration
amplitude, so that pounding will not occur. (6 marks)

4. Write the equation of motion for a continuous beam with one end pinned and other end supported with
lumped mass of m resting on spring and dashpot having stiffness of k and damping c respectively.
Take A, E, I are constant through out the beam. Draw the free body diagram and mention the
boundary conditions. (4 marks)
5. For the multi-storey frame shown in figure, assume k/m = 100 (rads -1)2 and percentage critical
damping as 5%. The natural frequencies and mode shapes area provided. Determine the following:
a. Damping Matrix using Rayleigh Damping Coefficients (2 marks)
b. Modal Participation Factors and Modal Mass Participation Factors (4 marks)
c. The mean peak values of top displacement, base shear, Overturning moment, and Inter-storey
drift between the first and second floors using the response spectrum method of analysis
through SRSS combination rule by considering 90% of mass participation. Use the digitised
smoothed response spectrum of the El Centro earthquake given below. (14 marks)
6. Truss is loaded as shown below obtain the fundamental time period by assuming linear behaviour,
neglecting damping, and assuming that the stiffness and inertial effects are time independent. E = 205
KN/mm2), A = 0.00548 m2. (6 marks)

7. An industrial manufacturing plant shown above weighing 790 tonnes has to be supported 5m above
the working floor in a factory using high strength reinforced concrete framed structure. The structure
has damping ratio, ξ as 0.03. Self mass of beam along with supporting slab and half of the columns
together is 10tonnes. Approximately design the following passive vibration control technique to the
structure.
a. The TMD to be attached to the mass so as to add equivalent damping ratio of 15%, to the system.
Consider mass ratio of 3% . Also, calculate the damping ratio of the TMD. (4 marks)
b. Instead of TMD, isolation pad having same damping ratio as above TMD is provided between
machine and frame. Consider the mass of the isolation pad to be negligible compared to machine
mass. Assume suitable time period of the isolation based on the time period of the main structure.
(4 marks)
c. Comment: which one will reduce the response of the main structure more, when the
manufacturing plant subjected to horizontal force of 100kN*sin(10t) during its operation. Support
with Calculations (5 marks)

All the Best