UNIVERSITY OF ZIMBABWE

FACULTY OF ENGINEERING
DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING
DESIGN OF A WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM FOR HARARE
USING KUNSVI DAM

BY
TEDDY CHIHANYA
LEVEL 3.2
REG NUMBER: R165465W

SUPERVISORS

1st DR. M J TUMBARE

2nd DR. A MHIZHA

0
LIST OF ACRONYMS
TIMEFRAME (KEY MILESTONE)
LOGICAL FRAMEWORK
0 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

0.1 Background: The rationale for the project is the current

inadequate operation of water supply systems in Harare. The
dam site is 67km north east of the capital, near juru growth on
the Nyaguwi river. Harare obtain its water from four
impoundments on the Manyame river. These are Harava and
Seke dam which supply the Prince Edward(seke) treatment
works, and Chivero and Manyame dam supply Morton Jaffray
(Manyame) treatment works. The 890 km2 area of Harare is tra
versed by about 5,500 km of transmission and distribution mains
with pipe diameters ranging from 50mm to 1,500mm. Pipe
material are mainly asbestos cement (AC) and steel. uPvc pipes
were introduced into the system in the late 1990s. The
distribution network also has 15 booster pump stations and 28
storage reservoirs with total capacity of 850,000 m3. The Harare
water distribution infrastructure was originally designed to
supply 350 000 people. The infrastructure was upgraded
progressively with the last phase commissioned in 1994 to
supply 1,500 000 people. There has not been any upgrading of
the infrastructure since the last phase of Morton Jaffray. One the
other hand population (which includes Harare, Chitungwiza,
Epworth, Ruwa and Norton Town Councils) which is the main
driver of demand has been increasing intensively. Some of the
infrastructure in use is over 60years, way beyond economic life.
Beyond 15years, the operation efficiency drops and breakdown
increases.
Most of the pipes in the distribution network are aged rigid
asbestors cement pipes which breaks due to ground movements.
The prevalence of burst pipes increases during the rain season
when soil expands and also just after the rains when the ground
dries and begin to contract. There are also a lot of steel pipes laid
 the city network. These are affected with corrosion and with age,
they increase in leakage rates and burst frequencies

There are two water supply modes in Harare. The first is the
pumping mode, where the area are supplied off primary pumping
mains. Some of the areas supplied in this mode are Hatfield,
Kuwadzana, Mbare and Sunningdale. Second, there is the gravity
supply mode where areas are supplied from the tanks from
storage tanks by gravity. Some of the areas supplied by gravity is
Glen Lorne, Glen View Hatcliffe and Mabvuku. Storage
reservoirs are located on high ground compared to the service
areas to ensure full pressure supplies.

0.2 Problem definition

Citizens in Harare have been suffering from a limited access to
safe and portable water. The pollution of the downstream of
Chivero, place a millions of residents at risks of waterbourne
diseases. Only 50.4% of the population had a 24hour service and
54.8% of the residents perceived water to be of poor quality and
have resorted to disinfection methods, drilling boreholes and
bottled water. Harare is facing water quality and quantity
problems with serious pollution of the downstream of Chivero.
The distribution network is contributing 60% non-revenue water
due to apparent losses, so there is need for an additional water
supply.
 0.3 Justification
This project is a major infrastructure which will convey a
reliable municipal and industrial water supply. It is aligned
with Harare city council vision to be a world class provider
of portable water and waste water service by 2020. There is
also reduced productivity as filters at the works are
frequently chocked and have to be backwashed. The current
backwashing frequency is now every 8 hours resulting in
water losses of 105 ML/day instead of backwashing once in
48 hours which would lose only 17.5 ML/day.

1 THE PROJECT
1.1 OBJECTIVE, IMPACT AND OUTCOME

1.1.1 Main Objective

1. To design a water distribution system to transport water from the
treatment facility to the customers.
1.1.2 Specific Objectives

1. To minimize operational energy costs by maximizing the use of

gravity flow.
2. To assess the adequacy of the distribution system by determining
the water demand at each node and the amount of water flow in
each pipe using EPANET.
3. Maintain accurate accounting of raw water deliveries, treatment
plant production, and metered water consumption.
2 INNOVATION
The project has been conceived and will be implemented through a
participatory approach, including ZINWA and local consultant engineers

that supplies water that incooperate Improved access to

water services contribute to economic growth through
business productivity and development.
The main objective of the project is to design a sustainable
cost effective waterworks system for kunzvi dam supply to
Harare residents.

0.4 Project description

. KunzviDam, to be built at the confluence of Nyaguwe and

Nora rivers in Goromonzi district, falls in a different
catchment area from Chivero, Manyame, Seke and Harava
dams that derive their water from Manyame River. The dam
 has been on the drawing board from as far back as the
1990s. The then Department of Water Development
proposed the idea of the construction of a new reservoir on
Nyaguwe River to serve Harare and its satellite towns. It lies
in the upper part of th
e Manyame catchment, which is 1800m above sea level.

The impact of the project will be an improved community health and

society’s economic sectors, including agriculture, industry and services
rely on water supply systems.
i