Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Pettigrew
Singing
Glossary
Word
Description
Abdominal
Breathing
or
Also
know
as
SPLAT
(Singers
Please
Loose
Recoil
Abdominal
Tension)
this
is
a
quick
release
of
the
abdominal
muscles
in
order
to
take
a
breath
with
minimal
effort.
Alveolar
Ridge
The
hard
ridge
located
behind
the
top
teeth
used
in
articulation.
Anchoring
Using
larger
muscle
groups
to
support
the
work
of
the
larynx.
The
Sternocleidomastoid
(SCM),
Pectoralis
major
(Pecs)
and
Latissimus
dorsi
(Lats)
muscles
are
the
most
commonly
used
in
anchoring.
Articulation
The
use
of
the
tongue,
teeth
soft
pallet,
hard
pallet,
alveolar
ridge,
lips
and
jaw
to
make
different
sounds.
Aryepiglottic
Sphincter
(AES)
Also
know
as
“the
twanger”
This
muscle
wraps
around
the
epiglottis
and
is
narrowed
when
creating
twang.
Arytenoid
Cartilage
The
true
vocal
folds
are
attached
to
this
triangular
shaped
cartilage
located
at
the
back
of
the
larynx
allowing
movement
of
the
vocal
folds.
Attractor
State
A
name
for
habitual
patterns
we
go
to
as
a
default.
Belt
This
is
the
name
given
for
cricoid
tilt
and
is
associated
with
twang,
thick
folds,
a
high
larynx
position
and
high
breath.
Breaks
The
point
at
which
the
vocal
folds
need
adjust
in
mass
or
length,
or
a
change
in
larynx
position
to
do
the
next
set
of
notes,
also
known
as
a
gear
change.
Clavicular
Breathing
This
describes
high,
shallow
breathing.
You
see
noticeable
movement
in
the
chest
and
shoulders
(Clavicle
bones).
Constriction
When
the
false
vocal
folds
tighten
or
close
while
voicing.
This
interrupts
the
airflow
and
can
create
a
scratching
sound
or
cause
discomfort.
Creak/Vocal
Fry
Creak
is
made
by
drawing
the
Arytenoid
Cartilage
closer
together
to
slacken
the
true
vocal
folds.
It
sounds
like
a
creaking
or
rattling
door
and
is
the
lowest
register
we
have.
Cry
Cry
is
a
word
used
for
thyroid
tilt
and
is
usually
paired
with
thin
folds.
Diamond
of
Support
This
refers
to
the
internal
and
external
oblique
and
transversus
abdomins
muscles.
At
the
points
at
which
the
three
muscles
join
together
they
make
a
diamond
shape.
Adam
Pettigrew
Onsets
and
Offsets
Onset
refers
to
how
the
sound
starts
and
offset
how
you
finish
the
sound.
The
three
types
are;
Simultaneous
–
The
voice
and
breath
start
at
the
same
time.
Aspirate
(abrupt
of
gradual)–
The
breath
starts
before
the
voice.
Glottal
-‐
A
harsher
onset
where
the
true
vocal
folds
start
closed.
Opera
Quality
This
is
a
complex
vocal
quality
made
up
from
sob,
twang
and
various
types
of
anchoring.
Passaggio
Classical
singing
word
for
break
Pharynx
The
lining
of
the
back
of
the
throat.
It
starts
behind
the
nose
and
finishes
at
the
top
of
the
larynx.
Range
The
distance
between
the
highest
and
lowest
note
you
can
sing.
Registers
Vocal
registers
are
not
commonly
used
as
they
just
refer
to
the
range
of
sound.
The
four
registers
are;
Whistle
–
Highest
register
Falsetto
–
Above
the
modal
register
Modal
-‐
Speaking
register
Vocal
Fry
-‐
Lowest
register
Other
common
register
names
are
Head
and
Chest
Voice,
but
again
they
normally
refer
to
just
where
you
feel
vibrations
not
the
sound
quality.
Resonance
The
amplification
of
sound
made
from
vibrations
bouncing
off
different
bones
or
cavities
increasing
volume,
quality
or
tone.
Retraction
Pulling
back
the
false
vocal
folds.
Siren
A
technical
singing
siren
is
made
using
an
“ng”
sound
and
is
useful
for
working
through
breaks,
monitoring
subglottic
pressure
and
fold
mass.
Sob
Sob
is
a
word
used
for
thyroid
tilt
with
a
lower
larynx
position,
which
gives
it
a
darker
timbre.
Soft
Pallet
(Velum)
The
soft
tissue
at
the
back
of
your
throat
that
moves
up
and
down
and
acts
as
a
valve
for
air.
When
it
is
raised
(closed)
the
air
goes
though
the
mouth
and
when
lowered
(opened)
air
is
diverted
through
the
nose.
The
soft
pallet
needs
to
be
open
to
make
the
sounds
“m”,
“n”
and
“ng”
Source
and
Filters
The
Source
is
the
larynx
where
the
sound
is
produced.
Everything
above
that
filters
the
sound
and
manipulates
it
into
different
words
and
tones.
Filters
include
the
aryepiglottic
sphincter,
pharynx,
tongue,
soft
pallet
and
lips.
Adam
Pettigrew