URBANISATION IN INDIA: CHALLENGES FOR DEVELOPMENT POLICY

Vijay Kumar Sharma. M1*

Affiliations
1*Assistant Professor, Department of Social Work, Telangana University, Bhiknur- 503101, Telangana, India.

ABSTRACT

Urbanization has become a common feature of Indian society. Growth of Industries has contributed to the growth of
cities. As a result of industrialization people have started moving towards the industrial areas in search of
employment. This has resulted in the growth of town and cities. Urbanization denotes a diffusion of the influence of
urban centers to a rural hinterland. Urbanization can also be defined as a process of concentration of population in a
particular territory. Although India is one of the less urbanized countries of the world with only 27.78 per cent of her
population living in urban agglomerations/towns, this country is facing a serious crisis of urban growth at the
present time. Whereas urbanization has been an instrument of economic, social and political progress, it has led to
serious socio-economic problems. The sheer magnitude of the urban population, haphazard and unplanned growth of
urban areas, and a desperate lack of infrastructure is the main causes of such a situation. The rapid growth of urban
population both natural and through migration, has put heavy pressure on public utilities like housing, sanitation,
transport, water, electricity, health, education and so on. Poverty, unemployment and under employment among the
rural immigrants, beggary, thefts, dacoities, burglaries and other social evils are on rampage. Urban sprawl is rapidly
encroaching the precious agricultural land. The urban population of India had already crossed the 285 million mark
by 2001. By 2030, more than 50 per cent of India’s population is expected to live in urban areas.
KEYWORDS
Urbanization; Urban Environment; Urban Population; Urban Growth.

JEL CLASSIFICATION
R00, R23, R29, Y0, Z0.

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