DIPLOMA IN FIRE SAFETY

1 Yr.
FIRE ENGINEERING
UNIT - 01
Chapter I
Introduction - classification of fire - the fire triangle - solids, liquids and gases - fire spread, convection,
conduction, radiation - causes of fire, accidental, deliberate - electrical fire safety - temperature, heat,
specific heat, flash point, fire point, ignition, combustion - ignition pilot - ignition, spontaneous ignition,
ignition sources - types of combustion-rapid, spontaneous, explosion - flame, heat, smoke, fire gases.
Chapter II
Development of fire-incipient, smoldering, flame and heat stages - diffusion flames - zones of
combustion, product of combustion - characteristics of diffusion flame - premixed flames-burning
velocity - characteristics of premixed flame - explosion- physical explosion, chemical explosion.
UNIT - 02
Chapter III
Linear and three dimensional fire propagation - smoke - constituents of smoke, quantity and rate of
production of smoke, quality of smoke, smoke density, visibility in smoke, principles of spreading
quantity of smoke, smoke movement - toxicity of smoke- - CO, CO2, NO2, SO2.
Chapter IV
Fire service equipments - hydrants and stand pipes, hose reels - hose fittings -coupling, branches, branch
holders, radial branches, monitors, nozzles, collecting heads, suction, hose fittings, adopters and ramps.
UNIT - 03
Chapter V
Fire fighting vehicles and equipments - introduction - pumps, primers - hydraulic platforms, turntable
ladders, control vans, fire boats - ladders- features of extension ladders, wheels escape, hook ladder,
safety devices - uses and maintenance - miscellaneous equipment`s - ropes and lines - testing of lines,
knots, bends and hitches.
Chapter VI
Fire hydraulics - fire stream, pressure loss or gain because of elevation, static flow and hydraulic
pressures, suction, drafting, friction loss - discharge capacities of nozzles on hose lines – nozzle reaction -
pressure differential fire ground hydraulics.
UNIT - 04
Chapter VII
Effect of temperature on the properties of structural materials- concrete, steel, masonry and wood -
behaviour of non-structural materials on fire- plastics, glass, textile fibers and other house hold materials -
compartment fire - factors controlling fire severity, ventilation controlled and fuel controlled fires - spread
of fire in rooms, within building and between buildings..
Chapter VIII
Experimental determination of fire resistance - types of furnaces - approximate methods for calculating
the fire resistance of structural elements- schematic diagrams, influencing factors - concept of static,
thermal engineering and experimental methods for the calculation of fire resistance.
UNIT - 05
Chapter IX
Principle of the calculation of the fire resistance limits of structures-coefficient of fire resistance, fire
duration - approximate calculation of the required fire resistance for a building.
Chapter X
Fire area - calculation of building fire area, subdivision of fire areas in industrial, residential and public
buildings - fire separation between building - principle of calculation of safe distance - design principles
of fire resistant walls and ceilings - fire resistant screens-solid screens and water curtains - local barriers.
UNIT - 06
Chapter XI
Fire stopped areas - in roof, in fire areas and in connecting structures - fire doors – low combustible, non
combustible and spark proof doors - air-tight sealing of doors - metal covered type fire doors - fabricated
fire proof boards - fire protection of structural elements - wooden, steel,RCC, and plastic structures
Chapter XII
Assessment of fire severity, assessment of damage to concrete, steel, masonry and timber structures,
assessment of feasibility of repair; repair techniques repair methods to reinforced concrete columns,
beams and slabs, repair to steel structural members, repair to masonry structures.
TEXT BOOKS:
1. Roytman M. Ya., "Principles of Fire Safety Standards for Building Construction", Amerind
Publishing Co. Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi, 1975
2. Marchant E.W., "A Complete Guide to Fire and Building",
3. Adam and Charles Black, "Fire safety in Buildings",
4. Resistance test and performance criteria, Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi, 1992.
5. James F Cassey, "Fire service hydraulics",s
6. Gupta R.S., " A Hand Book of Fire Technology",
7. Kevin Cassidy, " Fire Safety and loss Prevention
 DIPLOMA IN FIRE SAFETY
1 Yr.
OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND HAZARD ANALYSIS
UNIT - 01
Chapter I
Introduction - occupational, occupational safety and health administration, right to know laws,
OHSHAS 18001 health and safety standards - ergonomics - needs, task analysis, preventing
ergonomics hazards, ergonomics program.
Chapter II
Occupational health - health and safety consideration, personal safety equipments - Accidents -
causation, investigation methods and different models.
UNIT - 02
Chapter III
Occupational hazard and control - hazard analysis - human error and fault tree analysis – hazard and their
control in different manufacturing and processing industries. types - physical - mechanical - biological -
chemical hazards - psychological and sociological issues- identifying health and safety hazards.
Chapter IV
Health problems in different types of industries - constructions, textiles, steel, food processing and
pharmaceuticals, occupational health and safety considerations in waste water treatment plants.
UNIT - 03
Chapter V
Respiration - oxygen requirement - respiratory diseases - control methods - principles of hood and
duct design - duct system design - fans - breathing apparatus - dust particulates - silica, asbestos
dusts measurement and control - lighting and vision - eyesight requirements - lighting quality light
sources - required levels of illumination - glare.
Chapter VI
Effect of voice on hearing - use of audio gears - noise level and sound frequency - tolerance noise
levels - remedial measures - noise survey, monitoring, control - electro magnetic radiation (EMR)-
ionizing - alpha, beta, gamma rays, radiation injuries, acute radiation syndrome, non-ionizing
radiation - microwaves - visible lights, infra-red, ultraviolet , lasers.
UNIT - 04
Chapter VII
Body temperature regulation - limits of comforts - effects of discomfort - air speed and air temperature -
relative humidity - room temperature - air conditioning heat stroke - heat exhaustion, cramp, rash,
syncope, hyperpyrexia, stroke, cold frost, heat indices-dry bulb-wet bulb temperature,radiant heat, globe
bulb temperature
Chapter VIII
Industrial toxicology - threshold limit values, kinds of exposure standards, pollutant concentrations
- industrial hygiene survey - diagnosis - remedial measures - Occupational Health and Safety
Management System (OHSMS) - BSOSHAS 18001.
UNIT - 05
Chapter IX
Proper design of seating arrangements - chairs, setting up of computer work stations - monitor
positions - screen control - task variations, exercise while at work, controlling risk factors to reduce
body injuries, repetitive strain injuries, musculo-skeletal injuries
Chapter X
Occupational hygiene - anticipation, identification, assessment and control of all health hazards at
workplace - housekeeping - worker facilities - hygiene hazards - dress and their discomfort - toilets
- uncleanliness - toilet diseases - drinking water spread diseases.
UNIT - 06
Chapter XI
Applications of advanced equipment and instrument - thermo calorimetry - Atomic Absorption
System (AAS) - Differential Scanning Calorimeter (DSC) - Thermo Gravimetri Analyser (TGA) -
Accelerated Rate Calorimeter (ARC) -Reactive Calorimeter (RC) - Reaction System Screening
Tool.(RSST) - temperature data logger - gas analyzer - deflagration test - decomposition test -
ignition test - minimum ignition energy test - advanced instrumentation for hazard analysis
Chapter XII
Occupational hazard analysis - definition - risk - preliminary risk levels - risk assessment - severity
- Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points (HACCP) - hazard identification and analysis -
management - design - test - QA - training - operations - modification of system - maintenance -
hazard controls - record keeping.
BOOKS FOR FURTHER READING:
1. Patty, "Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology", Wiley Inter science, 1979.
2. Industrial Ventilation Manual, American Conference of Government Industrial
Hygienists, 1993
3. Fundamentals of Industrial Hygiene (5th edition), National Safety Council Chicago, IL
4. Goetsch D. l., Occupational safety and Health for technologist, Engineers and managers,
Prentice Hall Publications, 1999.
5. Colling D.A., Industrial Safety Management and Technology, Prentice Hall Publications, New
Delhi.
6. Della D.E. & Giustina, Safety and Environmental Management, Van Nostrand reinhold
international Thomson publishing inc., 1996.

DIPLOMA IN FIRE SAFETY

1 Yr.
SAFETY IN CONSTRUCTION ACTIVITIES
UNIT - 01
Chapter I
Safety in construction - introduction - accidents and their causes - construction injuries - chemical
and biological hazards at construction site - physical and psychological hazards and control - dust
at construction sites - relevance of ergonomics in construction safety - blasting operations related
safety - working around water bodies -confined spaces.
Chapter II
Form work - working at height - hazards and control - Ladders - Scaffolds- use of nets - laying -
anchoring - inspection - limitations - fall protection systems -fall arresting systems-use of special
protective equipment to facilitate safe working at height - tunneling .
UNIT - 02
Chapter III
Demolition hazards and control - movement of people and vehicles - hazards and control - manual
and mechanical material handling techniques - hazards and control to cover safety in material
handling and equipments - safety in storage and stacking of construction materials.
Chapter IV
Mobile equipment at construction sites - critical lifts - lift planning - safety in the use of construction
equipments - vehicles, cranes, tower cranes, hoists and lifts, winches -wire ropes, pulley blocks,
mixers, conveyors, hand tools at construction sites.
UNIT - 03
Chapter V
Maintenance and inspection pneumatic and hydraulic tools in construction - concrete mixers, site
mixing units, crushers - screens related safety - aggregate storing -concrete pumps - boom pumps
- safe handling and storing cement and other construction materials - safety in structural steel
works and equipment erection - safety in grinding and machining .
Chapter VI
Safety in road cutting works and below OH transmission lines - working adjacent to rail tracks-
working adjacent to live roads - safety in construction of dams and coffer dams - safety in quarries
and borrowed areas - rescue equipment for prevention from drowning - safety against flooding and
flash floods - safety while simultaneous working in hilly areas - suitable preventive measures
against landslides
UNIT - 04
Chapter VII
Chemicals and hazardous substances use, control and health and safety issues-hazardous
operations like abrasive blasting-surface preparations-welding - gas cutting-storing of fuels at
construction sites - gas cylinders - handling - connecting and disconnecting-storing, transporting
Chapter VIII
Use and handling of radio active substances at construction sites - OHS issues - testing of
equipment at construction / Project Sites-OHS issues -work equipment - hazards and control -
electrical hazards at construction site / projects and control-temporary electrical installations-
alternative power systems; fire hazards at construction sites / projects and control - selection,
procurement, use and maintenance.
UNIT - 05
Chapter IX
Safety signs, warnings, posting - round the clock working - hostile weather conditions at
constructions and safety - specific construction projects -building and housing projects-
infrastructure projections (roads-irrigation-industrial projects- power plant construction-
hydroelectric projects-transmission lines- laying hazardous chemical pipelines.
Chapter X
Indian Standards on construction safety- national building code provisions on construction safety
special publication of Indian standards on construction safety and general safety related Indian
standards.
UNIT - 06
Chapter XI
Quality control and safety during construction - quality and safety concerns in construction -
organizing for quality and safety - work and material specifications - total quality control - quality
control by statistical methods - statistical quality control with sampling by attributes - statistical
quality control by sampling and variables.
Chapter XII
Ability of systems to protect fire - preventive systems - fire escape system design-planning for
pollution free construction environmental - hazard free construction execution. Legal implications -
problem areas in construction safety - safety assessment - safety incentives - safety record
keeping - safe workers - safety and first line supervisors-safety and middle managers - top
management practices, safety personnel - sub-contractual obligation - project co-ordination and
safety procedures - workers compensation.
BOOKS FOR FURTHER READING
1. Chitkara, K.K. " Construction Project Management Planning ", Scheduling and Control, Tata
McGraw Hill Publishing Co., New Delhi, 1998.
2. Calin M. Popescu, Chotchai Charoenngam, " Project planning, Scheduling and Control in
Construction: An Encyclopedia of Terms and Applications ", Wiley, New York, 1995.
3. Jimmy W.Hinze, " Construction Safety ", Prentice Hall Inc., 1997.
4. Richard J. Coble , Jimmie Hinze and Theo C. Haupt, " Construction Safety and Health
Management ", Prentice Hall Inc., 2001.

DIPLOMA IN FIRE SAFETY

1 Yr.
ENVIRONMENT AND POLLUTION

UNIT - 01
Chapter I
Introduction:
Man and the environment, components of environment, Biotic and abiotic components of
ecosystem - atmosphere, hydrosphere, biosphere and Lithosphere - natural resources - current
status and types of resources.
Chapter II
Environmental Pollution:
Definition - Meaning, scope of environmental pollution - pollutants - types of pollution. - public
awareness, environmental education.
UNIT - 02
Chapter III
Water pollution:
Water pollutants, Sources of water pollution, ecological effects of water pollution and control;
Sampling and measurement of water quality and their analysis, water quality standards,
Eutrophication and restoration of lakes.
Chapter IV
Air Pollution: Types and sources of air pollution, Effects of air pollution; Sampling and measurement of
air quality; Air pollution standards. Air pollutants, causes of air pollution, ecological effects of air
pollution, control of air pollution.
UNIT - 03
Chapter V
Land pollution: Sources, types, effects and control of: Land pollution, Marine pollution, Thermal
Pollution andRadioactive pollution.
Chapter VI
Soil pollution: Soil pollutants, causes of soil pollution, ecological effects of soil pollution and control.
Solid waste,scope of solid waste management, recycle, reuse, recovery concepts. - Sanitary land fills
design.
UNIT - 04
Chapter VII
Noise Pollution: Sources effect and control: Measurement of noise; Noise pollution - Noise pollution and
management in Mines, Washeries, Power plants, Fertilizer plants, Cement plants, etc. Human
Vibration - whole body vibration problems in opencast mines, health effects and control measures.
Ground vibration and air blast - noise pollution from road vehicles.
Chapter VIII
Hazardous Waste Management:
Definition - identification of Hazardous Wastes - Sources - Characteristics of hazardous wastes,
Hazardous waste in municipal waste, Hazardous waste regulations & legislations, Minimization of
Hazardous wastes, Handling and storage of Hazardous wastes.
UNIT - 05
Chapter IX
Solid Waste Management:
Solid waste - Solid waste characteristics - scope of solid waste management, recycle, reuse,
recovery concepts - Waste Reduction, Recycling and Recovery of materials -, collection and
transportation ; Waste separation, storage and disposal ; Waste Reduction, Recycling and
Recovery of materials.
Chapter X
Biomedical waste management:
Biomedical waste management, wealth from waste, integrated solid waste management,
Guidelines for owner/operator/transporter of hazardous waste, storage, treatment and disposal.
UNIT - 06
Public awareness:
Standards and legislation - pollution control board-laws. Environmental Audit (EA): Introduction,
definition, benefits and objective of Environmental Audit. Procedure and guidelines for EA - EIA,
EIS and EMP - Environmental education - Background, Goals, Objectives, Guided principles
Chapter XII
Legislative frame work of environmental pollution:
The Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981 as Amended by Amendment Act, 1987;
The water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974 as Amended up to 1988 ; Motor Vehicle
Act, 1988 pertaining to pollution.
BOOKS FOR FURTHER READING:
1. Solid wastes : Engineering Principles & Management Issues, Tchobanglous G, Thesien GH,
Eliassen R, Mc Graw Hill Int. ED, Singapore, 1977
2. Solid waste management, Montell CL, John Willey, NY, 1975
3. Environmental engineering, Peavy HS, Rowe D R
4. Technobanglus G, Thesien GH, Mc Graw Hill Int. ED, Singapore, 1985
5. Hazardous waste management, Lagrega MD, Buckingham PL, Evans JV, McGraw Hill Int. Ed.
NY, 2001
6. Biremediation Principles, Eweie JB, Ergas SJ, Chang DYP & Schroder ED, McGraw Hill Int.
Ed. Singapore, 1988
7. A.C.Stern, "Air pollution", Volumes I to VI, academic Press, New York, 1968.

DIPLOMA IN FIRE SAFETY

1 Yr.
FIRE ALARM AND FIRST AID

UNIT - 01
Chapter I
Fire alarm:
Introduction - alarm systems - fire fighting - fire detectors - principle - detection systems - control
panel - sensors - controls - warning systems - communication - maintenance - fire alarm -
principles of fire detectors controls land indicating equipments - intruder alarm - standards -
detectors and architect - action following an alarm - manual call points.
Chapter II
Fire fighting:
Fire fighting - causes of fire in buildings - types of fire - spread of fire - fire safety - fire escape
rotes - openings - staircase - fire lights - fire dissection systems - types of fire detection - fire alarm
- parts of fire alarm unit - types of extinguishers.
UNIT - 02
Chapter III
Fire detectors:
Types - automatic fire detection - classification of detector - fixed temperature heat detector -
combination heat detectors - ionization smoke detector - photoelectric smoke detector - beam
smoke detector - duct detectors - other types - control and indicating equipment.
Chapter IV
Sensors:
Definition - principle - types - heat - smoke - manual - sprinklers magnetic mechanical switch -
magnetic reed switch - balanced magnetic reed switch photo electric beam - ultrasonic -
microwave - passive infrared - audio discriminators - infra sonics - pressure mats - stress sensors
-- foil patterns - shock or vibration sensors - mercury devices -shock sensors - Piezo electric
devices - screens - mechanical switch combined technology .
UNIT - 03
Chapter V
Fire system:
Stages of fire - detection Vs.stages - detector placement - smooth and flat cellings - pull stations -
home smoke detector locations.
Chapter VI
Control panels:
Components - partitions - detection circuits - zone - circuit uses - intrusion detection circuit - fire
monitoring circuits - panic and emergency circuits - ambush - duress - holdup circuits - condition
monitoring - circuits - options - premise wireless system - visual announciators - audible - types -
secondary power - standby battery - control panel locations - protecting the panel - panel
protection methods
UNIT - 04
Chapter VII
False alarm prevention:
Definition - causes - types - cost of false alarm - role of police and fire departments -
communication with alarm users.
Chapter VIII
First aid:
Principles - role of the first aider - ABC of first-aid for injured - vital signs - breathing - pulse - body
- basic anatomical terms - body cavities-head- cranium - thorax - abdomen and pelvis - splints -
first aid treatment for drowning.
UNIT - 05
Chapter IX
Biomechanics:
Structure and functions of musculoskeletal systems, tendons, ligaments, facia, bone, muscles,
joints and basic mechanisms - the respiratory system - respiratory failure - asphyxia- abdominal
thrust in Heimlich.
Chapter X
Unconsciousness:
Causes -level of consciousness-management of unconscious casualty problems of
unconsciousness - fainting-recognition-management-aftercare - diabetes - hypoglycaemia -
hyperglycaemia - management. seizures - features- management , stroke - head injuries-fractures
of the base-vault and sides of skull.
UNIT - 06
Chapter XI
Wounds and fracture:
Types of wounds - case of wounds-bleeding from special sites - fractures- classification of
fractures - chest injuries - types - fractured ribs - pneumothrox - haemothrox. - sprains and
dislocation - broad - and narrow fold bandages - hand bandages - slings - the skin.
Chapter XII
Others:
Burns - rule of nines - pure thermal burns - electric burns - chemical burns - radiation burns - cold
burns - physical fitness - casualty handling - use of stretchers - bleeding - acid-alkali-chemical
splash - managing unconscious worker in the workplaces.
BOOKS FOR FURTHER READING:
1. Manual of first aid to the injured : St. John Ambulance Association.
2. First aid text book : American National Red Cross
3. Manual of First aid instruction : US Bureau of Mines
4. V.V. Yudenich, Accident First Aid, Mir Publishers, Moscow

DIPLOMA IN FIRE SAFETY

1 Yr.
PRACTICAL IN FIRE SAFETY
UNIT - 01
Practical in fire safety:
1. Fire classification.
2. Fire extinguisher types, number and location
3. Practical fire fighting
4. Flooding systems
5. Sprinklers
6. Study of squared drills.
7. Hose drill - hose-types and function.
8. Fitting small gear - extinguishers types and application.
9. Practical pump operations - pump drill - foam drill.
10. Water tender drill - picking up drill rescue from height.
11. Ladder drill
12. Knots and lines - breathing apparatus types and application.
13. Artificial respiration - practices and application.
14. First aid - rescue-to various situations.
15. Inspection of equipments by fire engineer
16. Routine maintenance of equipments.
17. Visits of students doing with - fire fighting places with - fire fighting squad.
18. Fire records and compliance documents.
19. Fire inspections.