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TOPIC 4 : MULTIMEDIA
4.1 Multimedia Concepts
4.1.5 Multimedia Elements
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TOPIC 4 : MULTIMEDIA
4.1 Multimedia Concepts
4.1.5 Multimedia Elements
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There are five main elements in a complete multimedia systems

The five main elements in multimedia

Text Graphics Video Audio Animation

•Text is the basic element of multimedia. It involves the use of the
text types, sizes , colours and background colour.

•In multimedia application, other media or screen can be linked

through the use of text. This is what you call Hypertext

•To produce an effective multimedia program there are 3 things

that need to be considered. They are :

The position of the text on the screen.

Length of the message
And legibility of the text.
 Text
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•A graphic is a digital representation of nontext information such
as a drawing, chart or photograph.

•Graphics make the multimedia application attractive. They help to

illustrate ideas through still pictures.

•There are two types of graphics used: bitmaps (paint graphics)

and vector (draw graphics).

•Bitmaps images are real images that can be captured from

devices such as cameras or scanners.

•Vector graphics are drawn on the computer and only require a

small amount of memory.
Graphics
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•Video provides a powerful impact in a multimedia program. In
multimedia applications, the digital video is gaining popularity
because of the following reasons:

 Video clips can be edited easily

The digital video files can be stored like any other files in the
computer and the quality of the video can still be maintained
The video files can be transferred within a computer network
it allows non- linear editing in any part of the video

•However, these digital video files are large in size. Transferring

these files can take a long time especially when using the Internet.
Video
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•A multimedia application may require the use of speech, music
and sound effects. These are called audio or the sound element.

•There are two basic types of audio or sound: analog and digital
audio.

•Analog audio refers to the original sound signal.

•Digital audio refers to the digital sampling of the actual sound.

The sound used in multimedia is digital audio.
Audio
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•Animation is a process of making a static image look like it is
moving or the appearance of motion created by displaying a series
of still images in sequence.

•Digital animation can be categorised into two broad area: 2D

(2 Dimension) and 3D (3 Dimension) animations

•Animation is the rapid display of a sequence of images of 2-D or

3-D artwork or model positions in order to create an illusion of
movement
Animation
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Animation
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•Each of the five elements mentioned has various standard file
formats.

•File format is a particular way to store information in a computer.

•The formats will allow you to make decisions of the type of text,
graphic, audio, video and animation to use when developing your
own multimedia program.
Standard Format
HOME Common File Types for Text

Text
Icon File Type Program
Files
Text
*doc. Microsoft Word Document Microsoft
Office Word
Microsoft Word Open XML
*docx.
Document

Notepad
*txt. Plain Text File

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Standard Format
Common File Types for Audio
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Audio Program
Icon File Type
Files (Example)

*mp3. MP3 Audio

Audio
*wav. WAVE Audio File •Windows
Media Player

*wma. Windows Media Audio File

•Winamp
*aac. Advanced Audio Coding File

•Real Player
*mid. MIDI File

Audio Interchange File

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Format
 Common File Types for Graphic
Standard Format
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Graphic Program
Icon File Type
Files (Example)

Graphical Interchange Format

*gif. •Microsoft
File
Windows Photo
Graphic Viewer
*bmp. Bitmap Image File

*jpg. JPEG Image File •ACD Systems

*png. Portable Network Graphic

•Adobe
Photoshop

*psd. Adobe Photoshop Document

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•GIMP
 Common File Types for Video
Standard Format
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Graphic Program
Icon File Type
Files (Example)

*mpg. MPEG Video File

•Windows
Video Media Player
*wmv. Windows Media Video File

*avi. Audio Video Interleave File

•Apple
QuickTime
*mov. Apple QuickTime Movie Player

HOME *flv. Flash Video File

•VLC

*3gp. 3GPP Multimedia File

 Common File Types for Animation
Standard Format
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Animation Program
Icon File Type
Files (Example)

•Flash Player
*swf Flash Movie
Animation

•Adobe
Graphical Interchange Photoshop
*gif.
Format File

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 Exercise
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1. With reference to multimedia elements,
pick the odd-one out of the following:

QUESTION 1

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 Exercise
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2. JPEG is an acronym for __________ and is
a file format for _________

QUESTION 2 Joint Photo Expedite Group; Graphic icon

Joint Photogenic Express Group; Graphic image

Joint Photographic Experts Group; Graphic image

Joint Photo Experts Group; Graphic icon

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 Exercise
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3. Which of the following is NOT a video file
extension?

QUESTION 3

3GP

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 Exercise
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4. MP3 is an extension of a _________ file

QUESTION 4

Audio

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5. Choose the correct answer
Elements Definition
It involves the use of the text types, sizes,
QUESTION 5 colours and background colour.

A graphic is a digital representation of

text information such as a animation

A multimedia application may require the

use of effect of the graphic elements

Animation is a process of making a

dynamic image look like it is still

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