Continuous-time Fourier Transforms (CTFT):

 Definitions:         

 

Fourier Transform
 
Inverse Fourier Transform

 Fourier Transform Theorems:

Operation Function Transform

Superposition

Time shifting

Frequency translation ∓ , 2

Modulation cos

1
Scale Change
| |

Time reversal

∗ ∗
Conjugation

Duality

Convolution ∗

Multiplication ∗

∗ ∗

Integral Theorem

Differentiation 2

1 1
Integration 0
2 2

Multiplication by 2

 
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 Fourier Transform Pairs:
Function

Constant (DC Signal) 1

Impulse 1

Phasor

Sinusoid cos

Rectangular sinc
Π

Triangular sinc
Λ

sin 1
Sinc sinc Π

1
Sinc squared sinc Λ

1
Causal exponential
2

| |
2
Symmetric exponential
2

Gaussian /
1/

1
Signum sgn

1 1
Step
2 2

Sampling , 1⁄

Hilbert transform 1/ ∗ sgn

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Trigonometric identities:

cos sin
cos sin 90°
sin cos 90°

cos 1 cos 2
sin 1 cos 2

cos 3 cos cos 3

sin 3 sin sin 3

sin α β sin cos cos sin

cos α β cos cos ∓ sin sin

sin sin cos cos

sin cos sin sin
cos cos cos cos

cos cos cos sin cos

where 
cos cos
sin sin
and 
2 cos
arctan

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