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Download this Document for Free
BIOORGANIC
FERTILIZER (BOF) FROM COIR DUST AND ANIMAL
MANURES
Bioorganic Fertilizer (BOF) is a processed inoculated compost from any organic material that has
undergone rapid decomposition by the introduction of homogeneous microbial inoculants. This is different from
fresh organic fertilizer where natural decay process is brought about by the action of heterogeneous microbes
present in the organic matter.
Compared with the traditional composting
method,
microbial
inoculation
hastens
 the decomposition from three months
to just 3-4 weeks. Inoculants are commercially available in selected areas in the country but could be easily
accessed.
Trichoderma harzianum , a single celled
fungus hastens the decomposition of organic materials especially those high in lignin and cellulose like rice straw,
coir dust, bagasse and weeds.
Commercial inoculantsi. e Greenmix, Mabijon composter are enriched with other beneficial microbes
like the nitrogen fixing bacteria,A zo to b a cter.
To produce quality organic fertilizer, plant residues like coir dust, bagasse, mudpress, rice straw etc.
must be mixed with animal residues. Leguminous plants could be part of the substrate to substitute part of the
manure.
MATERIALS
I. Raw materials:
The amount depends on the desired quantity of heap and ratio of plant residue and animal manures which
could be 1:1, 2:1 or 1:2. For a 4 ton heap at 1:1 ratio you need:
a) Coir dust (2T)
b) Chicken manure (1T)
c) Swine manure (1T)
d) Inoculant (1% of weight of raw material-40kg)
II. Small tools and implement
a) rakes
b) shovel
c) spading fork
d) sprinklers or water hose
e) plastic laminated sack as cover
f) wheelbarrow
g) Weighing scale
h) Siever (wire mesh size of ¼ of an inch)
i) Protective wear: gloves, mask, hat, boots
PROCEDURE
I. Site selection:
The ideal composting site is shaded and well drained and near a source of water. However, open
area could be used. Four tons of agricultural waste can be composted in a space measuring 4m x 6m.
II. Preparation of raw materials:
Collect the required amount of coir dust, chicken manure and swine manure. Discard stones, plastics,
metals and other non-biodegradable materials. Note their moisture content and weights. Divide coir dust into three
parts.
III. Piling of materials
Step 1. Spread 1/3 of coir dust as the first layer. Water to about 60% moisture
content. Press the sample in your palm and when the water does not fall freely, then it is
almost within the right
water content. Apply the required amount of inoculants on top (0.5% of the weight of the material in a layer.)
Step 2. Spread evenly the chicken manure on top, water
and inoculate.
Step 3. Repeat steps 1 and 2 but use swine manure instead of chicken manure. Apply the inoculant on top of the fourth layer
combining the weight of materials in the fourth and fifth layers.
Step 4. As the topmost layer, spread evenly coir dust but do not inoculate. This serves as a buffer for odor.
Step 5. Cover the heap with laminated plastic sack to conserve moisture and prevent rainwater from getting into the pile.
Incubate for 4-7 days.
 IV. Mixing and turning over
Step 6. After 4-7 days, turn and mix thoroughly the materials. Water if needed during turning. Return
the
cover. Repeat step 6 at weekly interval.
V. Harvesting, sieving and
further processing
Step 7. After three or four weeks, harvest the material. Ripe compost has dark brown to black
color,
no
offensive
smell, temperature is ambient and with 35% moisture
content or lower. Screen the organic fertilizer
through manual siever or mechanical sifter.
Step 8. Inoculate the sifted material with 0.5% of the
inoculant, store for three days under shade.
Step 9. Put BOF in 50 kg plastic- lined sack and seal. Do not pile directly on concrete
flooring
but provide wooden platform and stack not more than 10 sacks high. Store not
more than 6 months in an aerated but dry area.
 QUALITY CONTROL MEASURES:
For a good quality bioorganic fertilizer,
observe these points:
1) Separate the dry materials from wet ones.
2) Monitor periodically the temperature of the heap. It
must be within the right temperature range. The heap must heat up over 400C 24 hours after heaping. Within the
first week, desired temperature is 40-500C. If this temperature is not reached, check wetness of the materials.
Remove the
cover, turn over the heap to allow excess moisture to
escape. Temperature must reached up to 620C.
3) For a product to be registered with the FPA as pure organic fertilizer, it must have 5-7% total NPK with at least 1.5% N
and at least 10% carbon. The organic matter must be 10% and above with a neutral to slightly alkaline pH.
BENEFITS FROM BOF APPLICATION:
1. increases yield and improves quality of crops
2. improves soil structure: better soil aeration,
increases water-holding capacity
3. improves chemical properties of soil:co r rects
acidity, restores soil fertility by enriching soil with
trace and other micronutrients and organic matter
4. restores microbial balance and enriches soil with
microfauna
HOW MUCH BOF TO APPLY:

The rate of application depends on the kind of crop to be fertilized. BOF application ranges from 10-20
bags /ha or 2-6 kg/tree for bearing plantation crop like coconut. Initially, this recommendation must be combined
with 50% of the recommended rate of inorganic fertilizers.
ADVANTAGES OF THE TECHNOLOGY

1. Reduced dependence on inorganic fertilizers

2. Renewable and locally available raw materials
3. Contribute to proper waste disposal
4. Generate employment opportunity
5. Contribute to biodiversity
6. Lessen environmental pollution
PRODUCTION ECONOMICS:
Assumptions:
 % recovery – 75
operation time –30 days
 4 tons of raw materials
Techno Guide Sheet No .13
Series of 2004
CALL, WRITE OR VISIT:
Agronomy & Soils Division
Davao Research Center
Philippine Coconut Authority
Bago Oshiro, Davao City
Tel. No. (082) 293-0161
E-mail:p caasd @p ld td sl. co m
Department of Agriculture
Philippine Coconut Authority
Research, Development &
Extension Branch
Davao Research Center/Coconut
Extension Training Center
OUTPUT:
Cost (PhP)
60 bags of 50 kg
INPUT:
A. Raw materials
1.) coir dust (2T or 57 bags of 35 kg @ PhP 35)
1,200
2.) chicken dung (1T or 20 bags of 35 kg @ Php50)
1,995
3.) pig manure (1T or 29 bags of 35 kg @ Php7)
203
4.) inoculant (40 kg @ PhP 25)
1,000
sub-total
4,398
B. Capital cost
2 pcs rake @PhP130/pc
260
2 pcs spading fork @PhP250/pc
500
2 pcs shovel @ PhP 250/pc
500
2 pcs sprinkler @ PhP 150/pc
300
1 unit wheelbarrow @ PhP2,000/pc
2,000
1 unit siever @ PhP1,000/pc
1,000
I unit weighing scale @ PhP1,200/pc
1,200
5,760
* depreciation cost (20% of capital cost)
1,152
C. Other direct cost( per bag of BOF)
labor (processing) @PhP 25
1,500
bagging material @ PhP 12
720
miscellaneous @ PhP 3.65
219
utilities @ PhP 6
360
Hauling & transport cost @ PhP 18/bag of raw mat.
1,908
sub-total
4,707
TOTAL PRODUCTION COST
10,257
Break-even price (PhP)
170.94

Bio Organic Fertilizer From Coir

Dust and Animal Manure
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