1

TABLE OF CONTENTS

HOMOGENIZERS & HIGH PRESSURE PUMPS .......................................................................................................... 5

TETRA ALEX ..................................................................................................................................................................5

TETRA ALEX 2 ..............................................................................................................................................................15
SELECTION GUIDE .........................................................................................................................................................18
Step 1. .................................................................................................................................................................18
Step 2. .................................................................................................................................................................18
Step 3. .................................................................................................................................................................18
Step 4. .................................................................................................................................................................18
Step 5. .................................................................................................................................................................18

HEAT EXCHANGERS .............................................................................................................................................. 19

PLATE HEAT EXCHANGERS..............................................................................................................................................23

Tetra Plex® C .......................................................................................................................................................24
Tetra Plex® CD .....................................................................................................................................................25
Tetra Plex® CW ....................................................................................................................................................26
Tetra Plex® M ......................................................................................................................................................27
Tetra Plex® T .......................................................................................................................................................28
Segments & Applications ....................................................................................................................................29
TUBULAR HEAT EXCHANGERS .........................................................................................................................................30
Tetra Spiraflo® CD/CHD.......................................................................................................................................31
Tetra Spiraflo® CM/CHM .....................................................................................................................................32
Tetra Spiraflo® CMR/CHMR ................................................................................................................................33
Tetra Spiraflo® CMRF ..........................................................................................................................................34
Tetra Spiraflo CMRF regenerative Multitube ......................................................................................................35
Tetra Spiraflo® CMP ............................................................................................................................................36
Tetra Spiraflo® CC ...............................................................................................................................................37
Tetra Spiraflo® CIP & Water Heater ....................................................................................................................38
Tetra Spiraflo tubular heat exchangers selection chart ......................................................................................40
SCRAPED-SURFACE HEAT EXCHANGERS ............................................................................................................................42
CHECKLIST ..................................................................................................................................................................48

DAIRY CENTRIFUGES ............................................................................................................................................ 49

TETRA CENTRI® MILK CLARIFIERS........................................................................................................................50

Cold milk separation ...........................................................................................................................................51
Hot milk separation.............................................................................................................................................52
Bactofugation .....................................................................................................................................................53
Whey clarification ...............................................................................................................................................54
Whey cream separation ......................................................................................................................................54
Anhydrous milk fat ..............................................................................................................................................55
Quarg Production ................................................................................................................................................56
Buttermilk Separation .........................................................................................................................................57
Conclusion ...........................................................................................................................................................57

2
TETRA ALSAFE - ASEPTIC BUFFER AND STORAGE ................................................................................................. 58

INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................................................................58
SELECTION GUIDE .........................................................................................................................................................58
Commissioning time ............................................................................................................................................58

TETRA ALFAST – BLENDING .................................................................................................................................. 59

INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................................................................59
Presentation of models.......................................................................................................................................59
COMMISSIONING .........................................................................................................................................................59

TETRA ALFAST - STANDARDISATION .................................................................................................................... 60

INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................................................................60
Presentation of models.......................................................................................................................................60
COMMISSIONING .........................................................................................................................................................60

SYSTEM COMPONENTS ........................................................................................................................................ 62

TETRA PAK VACUUM CHAMBERS.....................................................................................................................................63

HOT WATER UNIT TYPE HWD/HWD-E ...........................................................................................................................65
SPIRAL HOLDING TUBE ..................................................................................................................................................66
PROCESSING PARAMETERS .............................................................................................................................................67
TECHNICAL DATA ..........................................................................................................................................................67
Materials ............................................................................................................................................................67
Capacity ..............................................................................................................................................................67
BALANCE TANK TYPE BTD ..............................................................................................................................................69
TETRA ALINE IN-LINE MIXER ...........................................................................................................................................70
FLOW CONTROLLER TYPE BA ..........................................................................................................................................71
MILK STRAINER TYPES FG AND FV ...................................................................................................................................72
MILK RECEPTION UNIT ..................................................................................................................................................73

PLANT COMPONENTS .......................................................................................................................................... 74

CONTROL PANELS ................................................................................................................................................ 76

TETRA THERM LACTA - PASTEURISATION UNIT .................................................................................................... 77

SELECTION GUIDE .........................................................................................................................................................78

Step 1. .................................................................................................................................................................78
Step 2. .................................................................................................................................................................78
Step 3. .................................................................................................................................................................78
Step 4. .................................................................................................................................................................79
Step 5. .................................................................................................................................................................79
Step 6. .................................................................................................................................................................80
Step 7. .................................................................................................................................................................80
Step 8. .................................................................................................................................................................80
Step 9. .................................................................................................................................................................80
Step 10. ...............................................................................................................................................................82
COMMISSIONING .........................................................................................................................................................82
Commissioning time ............................................................................................................................................82

3
 Requirements for commissioning ........................................................................................................................82

LET US HELP YOU MAKE A GOOD IMPRESSION .................................................................................................... 83

CERTIFICATES ....................................................................................................................................................... 84

10 GOOD REASONS WHY ..................................................................................................................................... 85

CONVERSION TABLES ........................................................................................................................................... 87

4
Homogenizers & High Pressure Pumps

Tetra Alex
Tetra Pak is a leading supplier of homogenizers and high pressure pumps.

APPLICATION

Homogenization or pumping of various liquid food products as well as industrial

products.

Dairy. Pasteurised milk, UHT milk, cream, yoghurt, condensed milk, ice-cream mix etc.

Beverage. Fruit juices, concentrates, purees, tomato products etc.

Prepared Food. Dressings, ketchups, liquid egg, mayonnaises, sauces, gravies, etc.

WORKING PRINCIPLE FOR HOMOGENIZERS

The product is pumped under high pressure into the homogenizing device, where it is
forced through a small annular gap, transforming the pressure into high velocity. Extreme
turbulence and cavitation effectively reduce the size of liquid droplets and solid particles.

5
6
Tetra Alex adds value

High efficiency
 high homogenization efficiency for minimum energy cost

High quality
 high-quality materials
 designed for long lifetime of all parts
 highly corrosion-resistant material in pump block as standard
 highest hygienic design, 3-A

High reliability
 5-year warranty on pump block against cracks
 All machines are thoroughly tested with water before delivery.

High serviceability
 The machines are designed for easy access to all parts for control and
service.
 All models feature easy-to-remove covers/panels.
Models 350 and 400 feature doors.

Low running costs

 minimum energy consumption thanks to high homogenization efficiency
 minimum cooling water consumption thanks to cooling water regulation
 long lifetime of aseptic seals for high-temperature condensate, 110°C.
 reduced spare parts cost - some wear parts are reversible, giving
double lifetime

7
HOMOGENIZATION EFFICIENCY

The homogenization effect needed depends on the purpose of the homogenization. For
homogenization of milk, to avoid a cream line in consumption packages or storage tanks,
the size of the fat globules is important. The required homogenization effect is
determined by the shelf life of the end product. The longer the shelf life, the smaller the
fat globules must be. This requires higher pressure and thus greater energy consumption.

Analytical methods for homogenization efficiency:

• Microscopic check

• Nizo method (milk fat)

• Laser diffraction analysis

Microscopic check is a common way for production plants to compare day-to-day results.

The Nizo value is the most common way to express homogenization efficiency.

For pasteurised milk, a minimum Nizo value of 70% is required.

For UHT milk (indirect heating) a Nizo value of 85-95%

Nizo value is recommended, depending on the required shelf life.

For UHT milk (direct heating ) a Nizo value of 90-95 % is recommended.

Tetra Alex homogenizers give high efficiency at a lower pressure and minimise the
energy cost. A lower pressure also means reduced wear and longer lifetime of wear parts.

8
IMPORTANT DEVELOPMENT STEPS

HD I. The conventional device consists of a forcer, a seat and an impact ring.

HD 2. In the design from 1997 (Mk II) the impact ring is integrated in the seat. This
offers higher efficiency and improved hygiene. The forcer and seat can be implemented
in machines designed with HD 1 without any rebuilding.

HD 100. The release of a new design in January 1999 marked a further step in higher
efficiency. HD 100 is available as an upgrade kit for older homogenizers.

PARTIAL HOMOGENIZATION

Partial homogenization of pasteurised milk can save up to 80 % of the energy cost

compared to full stream homogenization, and a smaller homogenizer can be used, which
also means a lower investment cost.

The milk fat and part of the skim milk pass through the homogenizer. However, the main
part of the skim milk bypasses the homogenizer.

With HD 100 the recommended max. fat content of the milk through the homogenizer is
18%.

9
Application Guidelines

PRODUCTS HOMOG. PRESSURE MATERIAL REMARKS

STAGES PISTONS/DEVICE:
AMF 1 100 Std
(Anhydrous Milk
Fat)
Butter oil 1 100 Std
Cream <20% fat 2 160-200 Std
Cream >20% fat 2 <100 bar Std
Chocolate milk
(UHT) 2 200-250 Chr. pist Semi-abrasive
Egg 2 100 Std
Ice-cream mix 2 120-300 Chr. pist Standard
or semi-abrasive
Juices, nectars 2 160-250 Chr. pist Standard
or semi-abrasive
or abrasive
Milk, pasteurised
Full stream 2 100-140 Std
homogenization
Partial
homogenization 2 100-140 Std
Soy products 2 150-315 Special Semi-abrasive
material abrasive/
Basic or aseptic
version
Tomato juice 2 120-200 Special Abrasive
material
Tomato ketchup 2 100-300 Special Highly abrasive
material
Basic or aseptic
Tomato sauces 2 150-250 Special Highly abrasive
material
Basic or aseptic
UHT milk
Upstream 2 200-250 Chr. pist
homogenization
Downstream 2 250 Chr. pist Aseptic
homogenization version

10
Homogenization stages: Number of homogenization stages Chr. pist: chromium-plated pistons
recommended

Std.: standard material, e. g. stainless steel pistons and homogenizing device in cobalt carbide
(Stellite)

Special material: Abrasive recommendations are found in Technical Bulletin no 1/03

High Pressure Pumps

APPLICATION

Used as a feed pump for different types of process equipment such as tubular heat exchangers,
spray driers etc. when pressure up to 400 bar is required.

DESIGN

Heavy-duty outlet flange for welding onto the customer's pipe work.

Damper on inlet.

Due to the high pressure in the outlet line from the high pressure pump, there is a need for a
safety device to prevent damage to the machine in case of blockage in the line after the pump.
Thus a rupture disc is mounted on the outlet.

A rupture disc is a disc that is manufactured to break at a predetermined pressure. Once the
pressure is too high, the rupture disc breaks and the product enters an outlet pipe. When the disc
is broken, it must be replaced. To take up the fluctuations in the product line, the disc has a
pressure margin of +40%, which is enough to protect the pump. One spare disc is supplied
together with the machine.

11
 Upgrading of homogenizers

Tetra Pak offers the possibility to upgrade Tetra Alex and SHL homogenizers. Older
homogenizers can be upgraded in terms of capacity and pressure, as well as with the latest
features.

Examples of upgrading kits: better machine control, improved homogenization efficiency with
the latest design of device, better wear-and-tear resistance with new material for pistons,
homogenization device and valves, upgrading kit for easier maintenance and a kit for noise
reduction.

The upgrading possibilities mentioned above help customers to modify the duty or increase the
performance of their homogenizers at a reasonable cost.

12
 Capacity/Pressure Table

PRODUCT Pressure Piston Capacity

MODEL step dram. range
(I/h)
(bar) (mm) Mm. Max.
Tetra Alex S05 100* 460*
400 14 55 270
250 18 90 500
Tetra Alex S15 70* 370*
400 22 220 1130
315 25 290 1500
250 28 370 1900
200 32 480 2500
160 36 620 3200
Tetra Alex 20 70* 310*
400 32 600 2600
315 36 800 3400
250 40 1000 4300
200 45 1250 5500
160 50 1550 6800
Tetra Alex 25 70* 280*
400 36 1300 5000
315 40 1600 6200
250 45 2000 8000
200 50 2500 10000
160 56 3200 12600
Tetra Alex 30 70* 240*
400 45 2700 9000
315 50 3300 11000
250 56 4200 14000
200 63 5400 18100
160 70 6700 22600
Tetra Alex 350 40** 92*** 220*
400 45 2500 5800 14000
315 50 3100 7300 17400
250 56 3900 9000 21600
200 63 5000 11600 27800
160 70 6 300 14500 34700

13
 Tetra Alex 400 40* 175*
400 56 4000 17200
315 63 5100 22000
250 70 6300 27400
200 80 8400 36200
160 90 10600 45800

* Crankshaft speed (rpm)

** Crankshaft speed and minimum capacity for variable capacity

*** Crankshaft speed and minimum capacity for 1-speed capacity

Please note that 1-speed capacity version has a tolerance of 0 to +6% of the specified flow.

The maximum capacities are based on production of white milk without additives.

14
 Tetra Alex 2
The Tetra Alex 2 homogenizer is developed for homogenization of non-abrasive and semi-
abrasive products such as pasteurised milk, yoghurt milk, ice-cream mix, juice and nectar. This
model is strictly standardised (no options available) to make it possible to offer a competitive,
price as homogenizers for these applications are often subject to tough price competition, e.g.
from local suppliers. Thus this model is added to the present Tetra Alex portfolio as a price-
competitive alternative to Tetra Alex 20 in such cases where Tetra Alex 2 fulfils the customer's
requirements.

Tetra Alex 2 is only available for fixed capacities according the capacity/pressure combinations
listed below. It is thus not available for variable capacities or with any options. For further
details, see Technical Bulletin no 2/04.

For capacities and options outside the Tetra Alex 2 scope of supply, the Tetra Alex 20 model
should be offered.

CAPACITY/PRESSURE TABLE TETRA ALEX 2

Pressure (Bar) Capacity (I/h) Motor (kW)

200 2000 15

200 3000 22

200 4000 30

200 5000 37

160 6 500 37

15
 Dimensioning of motors and starter panels

MOTORS FOR ONE-SPEED AND VARIABLE SPEED

Effect, kW (hp) = Q x P / 30,600 (87,400)

STARTER PANELS FOR ONE-SPEED

Effect, kW (hp) = Q x P / 30,600 (87,400)

STARTER PANELS FOR VARIABLE SPEED

Effect, kW (hp) = Q x P / 30, 600 (87,400) x k

Q = CAPACITY, L/H (US GPH)

P = HOMOGENIZATION PRESSURE, BAR (PSI)

k = FACTOR FOR STARTER PANELS FOR VARIABLE CAPACITY, SEE BELOW

Starter
Panel Ambient Temperature
<30°C 30-35°C
kW k k
15 1 1
18.5 1 1
22 1 1
30 1 0.99
37 1 0.95
45 1 0.91
55 1 0.95
75 1 0.92
90 1 0.88
110 1 1
132 1 0.97
160 1 0.94
200 1 0.88
250 0.97 0.83

16
The formulas are valid for 380-420 V, 50 Hz or 440-480 V, 60 Hz. For other voltages and
special electrical standards, please contact the business unit.

The formulas are valid for motors if the ambient temperature is below 40°C (for panels below
35°C) and the altitude is below 1000 m.

For higher temperatures or altitudes, please discuss with the business unit.

For more information, see Technical Bulletin no 1/05.

17
Selection guide
The selection of Tetra Alex model, drive motor, starter panel and options is determined by the
required capacity, homogenizing pressure and the type of application.
Step 1.

Define required capacity and homogenizing pressure. Use the capacity/pressure table (Capacity
Pressure table.pdf) for selecting the Tetra Alex model that has the required capacity range at the
required pressure. Note that the listed maximum capacities are based on production of white milk
without additives. When selecting a homogenizer for high-viscous or abrasive products, please
contact the product company for recommendations regarding maximum capacity.

Step 2.

Selection of drive motor. Calculate the required drive motor minimum output according to the
formulas in the drive motor section (Drive Motor Formulas.pdf). Note that 1- and 2-speed drive
motors have a higher nominal output when connected to 60 Hz than 50 Hz. If the ambient
temperature or altitude limits are exceeded, the maximum load on the drive motor is restricted,
thus a larger motor than calculated may be selected.

Step 3.

Selection of starter panel. Starter panel size is calculated with the formula in the price book.
Please note the limitations for starter panels including frequency inverter or soft start. If the
ambient temperature or altitude limit are exceeded, the maximum load on the starter panel is
restricted, thus a larger starter panel than calculated may be selected.

Step 4.

Selection of options. Description of the available options is presented at the end of this guide.
The options available for each homogenizer model are described in each model's section.

Step 5.

Ordering. To ensure a safe and accurate delivery of required Tetra Alex homogenizer, the order
form in the Price Book should be used. Please supply all details regarding the order.

18
 Heat Exchangers
Heat transfer is one of the key functions in today's food processing industry. Its purpose is to
heat or cool sensitive foods to exactly the right temperature at exactly the right time, with the
least possible effect on taste and consistency. It must satisfy today's high - often extremely high -
demands on hygiene and product safety. And it must effectively and carefully process foodstuffs
that the consumers like, recognise and can depend on - day after day, year after year.

Tetra Pak's products for heat transfer in the food processing industry satisfy the most exacting
demands on quality, product safety, hygiene, operational reliance and efficiency. Continual
research has created a solid technological platform featuring flexible, innovative and dependable
design and construction solutions. A wide range of cost-effective products - plate, tubular and
scraped-surface heat exchangers can be customised for every need and application.

FIND YOUR HEAT EXCHANGER

Regardless of the heat transfer needs and the products, Tetra Pak offers a tailored heat exchanger
that will do the job. Effectively and trouble-free. Whenever Tetra Pak is chosen as the supplier,
the client will benefit from our extensive knowledge about applications, including a database
with vital processing information on thousands of different foods.

The following pages will give you an overview of which heat exchangers are best suited for your
specific appli cations. Different solutions should be chosen to match the temperature and
pressure requirements, the product vulnerability and the amount and size of fibres and particles.
More information can be found on ORBIS.

The chart below shows that the lowest investment cost for a certain duty will normally be a Tetra
Plex plate heat exchanger. If running costs and running times are of great importance or particles
are present, the choice might be a Tetra Spiraflo tubular heat exchanger. If the product cannot be
treated with a Tetra Spiraflo unit, look for a Contherm scraped-surface heat exchanger.

19
SEGMENTATION/APPLICATION CHART

20
 SEGMENT FIRST CHOICE
HEAT
EXCHANGER

Dairy
Milk cooling/heating Tetra Plex" C
_ Tetra Plex' M

Milk/cream pasteurisation Tetra Plex C

Milk/cream UHT Tetra Spiraflo' CM

Tetra Spiraflo CMR
Tetra Plex' C

Cultured milk cooling Tetra Plex" C

Concentrated milk Tetra Spiraflo CM

Whey pasteurisation Tetra Plex''C

Ice cream mix pasteurisation Tetra Plexry C

Beverage
Clear juice Tetra Plex` M

Juice/nectar/still drink Tetra Plex" C

with pulp & fibre <1 mm

Juice/nectar/still drink Tetra Plex' CW

with pulp & fibre 1-5 mm Tetra Spiraflo` CM

Juice/nectar/still drink Tetra Spiral 1o CM
with pulp & fibre 5-15 mm

Juice/nectar/still drink Tetra Spiraflo' CMP

with pulp & fibre >15 mm

Juice concentrate with Tetra Plex C

pulp <1 mm

Juice concentrate with Tetra Spiraflo" CM

pulp & fibre Tetra Spiraflo CC

Tomato/vegetable juice' Tetra Spiraflo" CM
Tetra Plex" CW
Carbonated Soft Drink Tetra Plex' C
Tetra Plex" M

Soy milk/drink Tetra Plex" C

Tetra Spiraflo' CM
* When the product contains salt other material than stainless steel must be considered in the
heat exchanger, for example SMO or titanium.

21
 Other Liquid Food
Tomato products' Tetra SpirafloCC
Fruit preparations Tetra Spiraflo" CC
Contherrn"
Fruit puree Tetra Spiraflo" CC
Fruit mash Tetra Spiraflo" CD
Soups & Sauces' Tetra Spiraflo" CC
Contherm"
Desserts Tetra Spiraflo" CC
Contherm'
Liquid egg products', " Tetra Plex'' C
Tetra Spiraflo'r CM
Products with large particles Tetra Spiraflo" CM
Contherm'
Sticky products Contherm'

* When the product contains salt other material than stainless steel must be considered in the
heat exchanger, for example SMO or titanium.

** Sometimes it is a good idea to combine plates and tubes using each heat exchanger where and
when it works best. For example when processing liquid egg products, it is recommended to
combine Tetra Spiraflo CM multitube with Tetra Plex C.

Utilities
Heating of CIP solutions Tetra Plex" M
Tetra Spiraflo" CIP &
Water Heater
Tetra Plex' T
Water heating/cooling Tetra Plex M
Tetra Spiraflo' CIP &
Water Heater
Media heating/cooling Tetra Plex' M
Tetra Spiraflo" CIP &
Water Heater

22
 Plate Heat Exchangers

Tetra Plex®

Tetra Plex comprises a wide range of plate heat exchangers manufactured by Alfa Laval, the
world's leading producer of plate heat exchangers.

Tetra Plex offers:

• Effective and gentle treatment of sensitive products

• Long operating times and easy cleaning

• Superior hygienic standards and service-friendly construction

In addition to Tetra Plex, the full range of Alfa Laval plate heat exchangers is also available, e.g.
industrial painted plate heat exchangers and brazed plate heat exchangers.

23
 Tetra Plex® C

The top-of-the-line plate heat exchanger that has everything. Superior and flexible design for
easy handling and modification. Contains the proven Clip-plates.

Plates C3 C6 C8 C10 C15

Frames Max design pressure, bar

-SR, 10 10 10 10 -

-SM - 16 16 16 16

-SH - 21 21 21 -

Duty Capacity l/h

Pasteurisation 2500 15000 35000 65000 100000

Heating/cooling 4500 15000 35000 65000 150000

Water 8000 30000 75000 130000 200000

24
 Tetra Plex® CD

Tetra Plex CD plate heat exchanger is the same as Tetra Plex C, but with double-wall plates that
increase the protection against mixing of fluids.

Plates CD6 CD8 CD10

Frames Max design pressure, bar

-SR 10 10 10

Duty Capacity l/h

Pasteurisation 8000 20000 50000

Heating/cooling 15000 35000 65000

Water 30000 75000 130000

25
 Tetra Plex® CW

Tetra Plex CW plate heat exchanger is the same as Tetra Plex C, but with WideStream plates.
The number of contact points between the plates is minimised, resulting in long operating times
when handling liquids containing pulp and fibres.

Plates CW6 CW8

Frames Max design pressure, bar

-SR 7 7

Duty Capacity l/h

Pasteurisation 8000 30000

Heating/cooling 15000 30000

Water 30000 75000

26
 Tetra Plex® M

Tetra Plex M plate heat exchanger is a proven workhorse that offers cost-efficient solutions for
pasteurising and other heating and cooling duties in the food industry.

Plates M3 M6 M10 M11 M15

Frames Max design pressure, bar

-SR 10 10 10 10 10

-SM 19

Duty Capacity L/h

Pasteurisation - 11000 15000 25000 80000

Heating/cooling 4 500 15000 65000 70000 100000

Water 8000 35000 130000 130000 200000

27
 Tetra Plex® T

The Tetra Plex T plate heat exchanger is specially designed for heating water using steam. The
major features are the unique geometry and strength of the stainless steel plates and special
gaskets for high temperatures.

Plates T6-SR

Frames Max design pressure, bar

-SR 10

Duty Capacity l/h

Water 75000

28
 Tetra Plex

Segments & Applications

29
 Tubular Heat Exchangers
Tetra Spiraflo®

Tetra Spiraflo tubular heat exchangers are used for a wide range of applications.

Tetra Spiraflo C is used for heating and cooling duties, heat recovery, pasteurisation and UHT
treatment. Its hygienic design makes it perfect for treatment of food products. The Floating
Protection System allows for thermal expansion of the tubes through individual movement
between three different components: between the shell and the shell connection, between the
shell connection and the tube bundle and between the shell and the frame. This system also
allows a tube to be taken apart completely a unique and valuable feature for full inspection and
replacing vital parts, if needed. The tubes can be either corrugated or smooth. Corrugated tubes
increase the turbulence and heat transfer efficiency. Each Tetra Spiraflo C heat exchanger
module is designed for single-pass operation, with all tubes connected in parallel.

The Tetra Spiraflo CIP & Water Heater is used for heating utilities.

30
 Tetra Spiraflo® CD/CHD

Tetra Spiraflo CD/CHD consists of a single product tube. It is specifically suitable for products
with large particles.

CHD is the high-pressure version of CD.

Duty Capacity l/h

Pasteurisation 300-30000

Heating/cooling 300-80000

31
 Tetra Spiraflo® CM/CHM

In Tetra Spiraflo CM/OHM tubular heat exchangers the product flows in a bundle of parallel
tubes and the service medium flows between and around them. Tetra Spiraflo CM/OHM heat
exchangers are specially recommended for multi-purpose UHT plants treating products with low
or medium viscosity, and particulate products.

OHM is the high-pressure version of CM.

Duty Capacity l/h

Pasteurisation 1000-50000

Heating/cooling 1000-80000

Water 1000-120000

32
 Tetra Spiraflo® CMR/CHMR

The energy-saving tubular heat exchanger!

By allowing product-to-product heat recovery, the CMR/ CHMR models offer unique
opportunities for energy savings. The processed product flows through a bundle of parallel tubes
and the unprocessed product flows between and around them. Tetra Spiraflo CMR/CHMR is
available in a wide range of sizes, covering most capacity demands. It is specially recommended
for low-viscosity products. The unit can also treat products containing fibres with a maximum
length of 3 mm. Some models can handle fibres with a length up to 15 mm.

CHMR is the high-pressure version of CMR.

Duty Capacity l/h

Pasteurisation 2000-50000

33
 Tetra Spiraflo® CMRF

The energy-saving tubular heat exchanger!

By allowing product-to-product heat recovery, the CMRF model offers unique opportunities for
energy savings. The processed product flows through a bundle of parallel tubes and the
unprocessed product flows between and around them. Tetra Spiraflo CMRF is specially
recommended for low-viscosity products. The unil can handle products containing fibres up to a
length of 15 mm.

Duty Capacity l/h

Pasteurisation 2000-25000

34
 Tetra Spiraflo CMRF regenerative Multitube
High efficiency, low cost for pulp and fibres

Inner tubes are kept in position by a spring construction that stretches the tubes

 No tube separators needed

 Enables free product flow
 Ensures efficient CIP

35
 Tetra Spiraflo® CMP

Tetra Spiraflo CMP is specially adapted for products with a high content of fibres with a
maximum pulp concentration of 550 g/l, or products with long fibres, e.g. pineapple crush. The
end plates of the CMP tube inserts have rounded inlets to prevent long fibres from hanging on
the edges between adjacent inlets. The product flows through a bundle of parallel tubes and the
service medium flows between and around them.

Duty Capacity I/h

Pasteurisation 4000-50000

Heating/cooling 4000-80000

36
 Tetra Spiraflo® CC

The efficient heat exchanger for high-viscosity products

Tetra Spiraflo CC is specially designed for processing high-viscosity products with the same higl
hygienic standard as other members of the Tetra Spiraflo C family. The product flows in a
narrow gad with the heat transfer surfaces on both sides, reassuring an efficient heat transfer.
Special attentior has been paid to preventing stagnant zones, permitting processing of both low-
and high-acid products. Tetra Spiraflo CC is part of the modular concept of the Tetra Spiraflo C
family and can be mixed with other tubes in the heat exchanger. Each Tetra Spiraflo CC heat
exchanger is designed for single-pass operation with the product tube connected in counter-
current flow to the service medium.

Version CC70 CC108

Duty Capacity l/h

Pasteurisation 800-3000 1500-5000

Heating/cooling 800-5000 1500-9000

Capacities depend on viscosity

37
 Tetra Spiraflo® CIP & Water Heater

Tetra Spiraflo CIP & Water Heater is a very

competitive heat exchanger designed to heat water and CIP solutions in-line, with steam as the
heating medium for the heat transfer. The "floating tube insert" design allows the inner product
tube to move slightly within the shell as the two are not welded together. This eliminates stress
corrosion and thermal expansion problems. The maintenance cost will be very low thanks to the
robust design. It is also very easy to install.

Version CIPO CIP1 CIP2 CIP3 CIP4

Duty Capacity I/h

Heating 50-70°C 20000 30000 40000 60000 80000

Heating 70-90°C 15000 25000 30000 50000 60000

38
 Tetra Spiraflo CIP & Water Heater

 For heating CIP-liquids or water

 Compact and easy installation

 High reliability

 Low maintenance cost

39
 Tetra Spiraflo tubular heat exchangers selection chart

Pulp and fibre content levels

40
41
 Scraped-Surface Heat Exchangers

Contherm®

Contherm is a cylindrical scraped-surface heat ex-changer designed for heating and cooling of
viscous, sticky, chunky and crystalline products. Treatment takes place entirely without air
contact. Unlike conventional batch processing, Contherm provides gentle and uniform heating or
cooling of even the most demanding products to the desired temperature. The result is high and
consistent product quality. The possibility of running a continuous process also means a great
reduction in energy consumption.

Contherm is a vertically mounted scraped-surface heat exchanger.

42
The vertical design provides a range of benefits, including:

• Saving valuable floor space

• Maximising product recovery

• Optimising CIP and reducing the risk of contamination

• Facilitating rapid removal of the rotor assembly for inspection and maintenance

• Providing efficient air purging

Contherm is available in four sizes and offers a number of features that can be adapted to
different applications.

Size 6x3 6x6 6x9 6x11

Heat transfer area (m) 0.28 0.56 0.84 1.00

Capacity depends on product and temperature program

Maximum working pressure: product side 20 bar, media side 17 bar

Working temperature: -60 to 230"C

43
44
45
46
47
 Checklist

HEAT EXCHANGER SELECTION CRITERIA

To choose the most suitable solution it is necessary tc know as much as possible about what is
expected of the heat exchanger. The following information shoulc be obtained from the
customer.

Please indicate as follows:

Bold: Imperative for making the design Italics: To be given if it affects the design Regular: A
bonus if available

TEMPERATURE

• Temperature program

• Heating medium

• Cooling medium

• Use of deaerators/homogenizers, if applicable

PRODUCT

• Product specification (e.g concentrate, • Reaction temperature for additives

puree, pulp etc.)
• Similar products, if applicable
• Fibres and particles
• Product sensibility and quality
• Viscosity data
• Brix value (fruit products)
• Additives, if applicable
• Dry matter value (dairy products)

CAPACITY SPACE

• Required capacity • Available area

• Required running time

• Fouling properties of the product

48
 Dairy Centrifuges

Tetra Centri®

High-speed centrifuges for all dairy applications

Tetra Centri AirTight r technology features a completely filled separator bowl. An advanced inlet
and outlet design ensures gentle treatment during the entire separation process, resulting in:

• High capacity, performance and efficiency.

• Maintained product quality by preventing entry of destructive air

• Low energy consumption

• Low noise level

Milk clarification

Although the main aim is to remove impurities, this processing stage also reduces the levels of
leucocytes and bacteria.

Tetra Centri clarifiers can handle cold milk and hot milk.

49
 TETRA CENTRI® MILK CLARIFIERS

Max. Sediment Installed

flow rate, space, motor power,
l/h I kW
___________________________________________________________________________

D 407 SGP 10000 4 11

D 510 SGD 20000 9 18.5

D 610 HGD 25000 7 18.5

D 413 SGV 30000 15 18.5

D 714 HGV 35000 12 22

D 618 HGV 45000 36 37

D 718 HGV 60000 36 37

D 918 HGV 70000 38 42

D 617 SGV 75000 25 37/45

50
 Cold milk separation
Cold milk separation at 4 - 5°C is the alternative when heating the milk is undesirable. The
viscosity and characteristics of cream at low temperatures make AirTight technology the only
feasible form of separation for this task.

The fat content of skimmilk can vary between 0.1-0.2%, and the maximum fat content of cream
at 4°C is generally 45%.

TETRA CENTRIC' COLD MILK SEPARATORS

Flow Rate. l/h

Skimming Standardisation Installed Motor Power kW

C 614 HGV 5000 15000 18.5

C 714 HGV 10000 20000 22

C 518 HGV 15000 25000 22

C 618 HGV 20000 30000 25

C 818 HGV 25000 40000 37

C 918 HGV 30000 50000 42

51
 Hot milk separation
The objective is to separate the globular milk fat fron the serum, the skimmed milk. The
separation proces is normally incorporated into a pasteurisation line and combined with a Tetra
Alfast in-line fat standardization system. Outgoing cream can contain up to 70% fat. The
skimming efficiency of Tetra Centri hot milk separators is in the region of 0.04 - 0.06%
measured by the Roese-Gottlieb method.

TETRA CENTRI® HOT MILK SEPARATORS

Flow Rate, l/h

Skimming Standardisation Installed Motor Power, kW

H 407 TGP 5000 7000 11

H 510 TGD 7000 10000 15

H 610 HGD 10000 15000 18.5

H25 10000 25000 18.5

H 614 HGV 15000 25000 18.5

H 714 HGV 20000 30000 22

H 518 HGV 25000 35000 22

H 618 HGV 30000 40000 25

H 718 HGV 35000 55000 25

H 818 HGV 45000 60000 37

H 918 HGV 55000 75000 42

52
 Bactofugation
The Tetra Centri Bactofugeis used to reduce the bacterial and spore content of milk prior to heat
treatment in order to improve the thermal impact.

The bactofugation process, traditionally incorporated in the pre-treatment of cheese milk, is also
effective in enhancing the quality of powders. The raw milk intended for consumption milk and
cream is in many dairies also bactofugated.

Bactofugation efficiency is stated as a percentage reduction of the incoming level of bacteria and
spores. Generally, the efficiency ranges between 98 - 99.5% for anaerobic spores.

TETRA CENTRIC BACTOFUGE®

Flow Rate, l/h

Nominal Max Installed Motor Power, kW

BB 610 HGD 5000 10000 18.5

BM 714 HGV 15000 15000 22

BB 714 HGV 15000 25000 22

BM 618 HGV 25000 25000 25

BB 618 HGV 25000 45000 25

BB 818 HGV 35000 45000 37

BB 918 HGV 40000 50000 42

53
 Whey clarification

To maintain optimum fat separation, cheese fines should be removed from the whey before it
reaches the whey cream separator. Installing a centrifugal clarifier ahead of the whey separator is
the most efficient way to remove cheese fines and improve fat separation.

TETRA CENTRIC' WHEY CLARIFIERS

Flow Sediment Installed motor

Rate,l/h space, I power, kW

D 407 SGP 10000 4 11

D 510 SGD 20000 9 18.5

D 610 HGD 25000 7 18.5

D 413 SGV 30000 15 18.5

D 714 HGV 35000 12 22

D 618 HGV 60000 36 37

D 918 HGV 70000 38 42

D 617 SGV 75000 25 37/45

Whey cream separation

Whey contains a small percentage of fat, varying between 0.15-0.40%. This fat must be removed
before further processing.

Whey characteristics differ from milk-making condition and are more favourable for whey for
separation. If the whey is preclarified, skimming efficiency as good as 0.03% can be expected.

Tetra Centri AirTight whey separators can produce high fat cream with a fat content above 30%
at temperatures below 35°C.

54
TETRA CENTRI WHEY CREAM SEPARATORS

Flow rate. l/h Installed motor

Prefiltered Preclarified power, kW

H 407 TGP 5000 5000 11

H 510 TGD 7000 7000 15

H 610 HGD 10000 11500 18.5

H25 10000 25000 18.5

W 614 HGV 15500 16500 18.5

W 714 HGV 20000 22000 22

W 518 HGV 25500 27500 22

W 618 HGV 30000 33000 25

W 718 HGV N.A 38000 25

W 818 HGV N.A 55000 37

W 918 HGV N.A 60000 42

Anhydrous milk fat

Anhydrous milk fat (AMF), obtained from fresh raw material, has a milk fat content exceeding
99.8%. Milk fat is concentrated in several steps up to 99.5%, and is then vacuum-treated. The
raw material - milk, cream or butter determines the number of steps required.

Stored butter does not need pre-concentration or buttermilk reseparation. Fresh butter still
contains globular fat, and therefore requires a process incorporating buttermilk reseparation.

55
TETRA CENTRI AMF SEPARATORS

Line capacity Pre-conc. Final conc. Buttermilk reseparation

kg oil/h

2000 H 614 HGV A 610 HGD H 610 HGD

2 500 From stored butter A 610 HGD

4000 H618HGV A614HGV H 614 HGV

5 000 From stored butter A 614 HGV

6 000 H518 HGV+ A 714 HGV H 614 HGV

H 614 HGV

8 000 From stored butter A 714 HGV

14 000 From stored butter A 618 HGV

14000 H718HGV+ A618HGV H518HGV

H 718 HGV

Quarg Production
Quarg is a fresh cheese made from coagulated skimmilk, In non-fat quarg, the solids content
normally range between 14 - 20 %.

The customary separation temperature is 28°C, and takes place immediately after fermentation.
Efficiency is calculated in terms of total yield between 3.7-4.2 kg milk/kg quarg.

TETRA CENTRI° QUARG SEPARATOR

Feed Installed motor

max, kg/h power, kW

Q 517 SGV 10 000 37

56
 Buttermilk Separation
For separation purposes, buttermilk derived from butter production is classified as either sweet or
sour. In the separation of sweet buttermilk, a standard hot milk separator is used at its nominal
flow rate. Sour buttermilk contains unstable proteins and it is recommended to use a whey or
cold milk separator and process at half the nominal flow rate. Consult the Application Centre for
further information.

The fat content in the buttermilk after separation is normally 0.2-0.3 %.

Conclusion
Tetra Centri high-speed centrifuges already provide unparalleled performance in many major
dairies around the world. So, whatever the customer's separation needs Tetra Pak has the right
solution.

57
 Tetra Alsafe - Aseptic Buffer and Storage
Introduction
Tetra Alsafe is an aseptic buffer tank system used for intermediate storage of liquid foods
during aseptic conditions in order to maintain production security conditions and product
quality as well as contribute to total line flexibility.
This is achieved by balance product supply and product demand, between aseptic or
ESL processing and aseptic or ESL packaging.

Selection guide
Tank model selection

Commissioning time
Commissioning is not included in the Price Book prices. Please contact BU DBF for
quotation.
Estimated time on site for start-up of a standard Tetra Alsafe: 1 week (40+20 hours)
Communication to master system: On request

58
 Tetra Alfast – Blending
Introduction
Tetra Alfast is a compact platform-based in-line blending unit that provides flexible
solutions with standardised options for every market.
Presentation of models
Tetra Alfast B4 is a high performance unit designed for automatic in-line blending of
dairy products and in-line standardisation of the fat, SNF, TS and protein content in the
finished product. It can handle a wide range of liquid dairy ingredients such as; whole and
skim milk, concentrated skim milk, cream, whey cream and concentrate, vegetable oils,
chocolate or other slurries, sugar, UF permeate and retentate and more. With its wide range
of options it can be customised to meet the demands from every market. The Tetra Alfast
ensures high repeatability and high precision to give uniform product quality to a low
operational cost.

Commissioning
The cost of commissioning is not included in the prices stated and will be billed according
to the commissioning and expert troubleshooting man-hour rates. See 0.1.2
Commissioning and expert troubleshooting.
Estimation of commissioning times, one authorised engineer:
– With two ingredient lines 3–4 days
– With up to four ingredient lines 5–7 days
– With more than four ingredient lines On request
– With SpotOn Additional 1-3 days
– Communication with master system On request

59
 Tetra Alfast - Standardisation
Introduction
Tetra Alfast is a compact platform-based in-line standardisation unit that provides flexible
solutions with standardised options for every market.
Presentation of models
Tetra Alfast S2, in-line standardisation is a performance unit designed for automatic in-
line standardisation of the fat content in milk and cream direct after a hot milk separation.
It is optimised for its target group, customer that runs standardised consumption milk;
therefore the options list is limited. Tetra Alfast S2 is prepared to be upgraded to Tetra
Alfast Plus performances and its wide range of options. The Tetra Alfast S2 ensures
repeatability and precision to give uniform product quality to a low operational cost
Tetra Alfast Plus, in-line standardisation is a high performance unit designed for
automatic in-line standardisation of the fat, SNF and protein content in milk and cream
direct after milk separation. Tetra Alfast Plus comes in two versions; one for cream
standardisation and one for cream and milk standardisation. With its wide range of options
it can be customised to meet the demands from every customer/market. The Tetra Alfast
Plus ensures high repeatability and high precision to give uniform product quality to a low
operational cost.

Commissioning
The performance and component guarantee is conditional upon:
a) Commissioning by an authorised service engineer or a service engineer approved by
TP D&B for a specific installation.
b) Completion of a commissioning report that shall be delivered to TP D&B within 4
weeks after commissioning.
c) That the Tetra Alfast is calibrated by the means of IDF method or other agreed method.
The cost of commissioning is not included in the prices stated and will be billed according
to the commissioning and expert troubleshooting man-hour rates. See 0.1.2
Commissioning and expert troubleshooting.
Estimation of commissioning times, one authorised engineer:
– Tetra Alfast S2 for cream and milk standardisation 3–4 days
– Tetra Alfast Plus for cream and milk standardisation 3–4 days
– Tetra Alfast Plus with SNF compensation or one additive 4–6 days
– Tetra Alfast Plus with more then one additive 5–8 days
– Tetra Alfast Plus with SpotOn 5–8 days

60
– Tetra Alfast Plus with ProcesScan protein sensor requires an authorised service engineer
from Foss for commissioning of the sensor part.
– Communication with master system On request

Tetra Alfast must be commissioned by, or under the supervision of, personnel
authorised by Tetra Pak Dairy and Beverage Systems. When a service engineer outside
TP D&B is contacted, all costs are to be settled directly between the customer ordering
the service and the supplying MC. Please contact the product centre for details.

61
 System Components
One-stop shop for all kinds of system components:

• Our own range of products, which are used in modules and as separate components

• Wholesale concept, stainless steel products, flow equipment, all kinds of externally purchased
goods

• Tailor-made high-quality pre-assemblies, like valve clusters, all designed by the MC

• Pressure vessels, designed according to local requirements

• Process tanks, silo tanks and other types of tanks

62
 Tetra Pak Vacuum Chambers

DC and DCL DD DCDD and DCLDD

Vessels developed for deaeration and deodorisation.

IMPORTANT FEATURES

• DC vessels for products with viscosity <500 cP

• DD vessels for products with higher viscosity, requiring treatment at low temperatures

• DCDD and DCLDD are multi-function vessels combining the inlet of the DC and DCL with
the outlet of the DD, together with the additional inlet of the DD

• Built-in condenser

• Inlets designed for particulate products are available

• Condensers designed for improved aroma recovery are available

• Condensers with covers (for rebuilding) are available

• Outlet of DC and DCL vessels 101.6, 125 and 150 mm gives more efficient deaeration

• Condenser can work under 5 bar pressure. 5 bar counter-pressure. Cooling media can be
recirculated.

63
Type max. flow rate

DC 500 8000 l/h

DC 750 20000 l/h

DC 1000 40000 l/h

DC 1250 60000 l/h

DCDD 500 5 000 l/h

DCDD 750 10 000 l/h

DD 500 5 000 l/h

DD 750 10 000 l/h

DD 1000 20 000 l/h

Type max. flow rate

DCL 500 8000 l/h

DCL 750 20000 l/h

DCL 1000 40000 l/h

DCLDD 500 5 000 l/h

DCLDD 750 10 000 l/h

Condensing capacity with vapour temperature >60°C and cooling water temperature < 20°C:

3m2 condenser 300 kg/h of vapour

6m2 condenser 550 kg/h of vapour

64
 Hot Water Unit type HWD/HWD-E
A pre-erected plug-in module, which supplies hot wate, for heating of liquid food products being
processed.

IMPORTANT FEATURES

• Plug-in unit • Mains supply 380-415 V, 3-phase, 50 Hz

• Requires only 0.8 x 0.8 m floor space • Inlet water pressure 3-4 bar

• Maximum temperature 110°C • Inlet steam pressure 3-4 bar

• Consists of well-known products like Alfa • Hot water pressure approx. 1 bar
Laval SolidC pump, brazed PHE, Burkert or
Samson steam valve, stainless steel • Compact design
expansion vessel

Rough steam consumption calculation:

Ms = Mw x Op x dt/r

Ms = kg/h steam Mw = kg/h water

Cp = kJ/kg C (C = specific heat, for water 4.18 kJ/kg)

dt = temperature rise in water r = kJ/kg energy in steam

(3 bar [g] = 2 200 kJ/kg)

Water circulation:

HWD-1/HWD-E1 max. 10 m3/h

HWD-2/HWD-E2 max. 15 m3/h

HWD-3/HWD-E3 max. 25 m3/h

HWD-4/HWD-E4 max. 35 m3/h

HWD-5/HWD-E5 max. 50 m3/h

HWD-6/HWD-E6 max. 65 m3/h

65
 Spiral Holding Tube

A spiral tube with cover for holding a product flow at a steady temperature for a specific length
of time.

IMPORTANT FEATURES

• Stand-alone unit

• Compact unit even with large tube volume

• Insulation available

• Material quality 1.4404 (AISI 316L) food-grade

• Several standard sizes available, from 23 I to 2900 I

• Tailor-made sizes available on request

• Available with swing-bend connections, for obtaining different holding times in the same unit

66
Processing parameters
The time for passing through the tube depends on the volume of the tube and flow rate.

Technical data
Materials
Holding cell made of acid proof, food grade steel. Protective cover made of stainless steel.
Capacity
Tube Volume, l Tube size, Outer Total Height Diameter Net weight,
diameter, mm mm cover, mm kg
94 25 1 883 980
50 38 1 425 1 028 200

75 38 1 825 1 028 280

100 38 1 525 1 028 310

150 38 1 975 1 028 435

198 38 2 368 1 020

250 38 2 010 1 148

300 38 2 290 1 160

417 38 2 231 1 268
23 51 1 040 890 80
46 51 1 040 890 115

150 51 2 420 1 020

200 51 1 695 1 143 415
250 51 1 995 1 143 505
300 51 2 220 1 143 600

317 51 2 380 1 152

350 51 2 495 1 143 690

375 51 1 950 1 300

396 51 2 030 1 300

475 51 2 300 1 300

500 51 2 360 1 263

67
Tube Volume, l Tube size, Outer Total Height Diameter Net weight,
diameter, mm mm cover, mm kg
800 51 2 707 1 465
833 51 2 172 1 501

69 63.5 1 260 1 335 165

93 63.5 1 260 1 335 190
116 63.5 1 260 1 335 215
400 63.5 1 810 1 615 645
450 63.5 2 010 1 615 720
500 63.5 2 160 1 615 790

633 63.5 2 680 1 630

700 63.5 2 710 1 780

792 63.5 2 320 1 780

950 63.5 2 570 1 780

1 000 63.5 2 444 1 765
1 667 63.5 2 277 2 065

198 76 1 545 1 780

400 76 2 410 1 780

584 76 2 019 2 000

600 76 1 990 2 015 815
700 76 2 240 2 015 935
800 76 2 390 2 015 1 045
900 76 2 540 2 015 1 155

1 200 76 2 389 2 230

1 250 76 2 470 2 230

1 314 76 2 549 2 230

1 583 76 2 872 2 230

1 667 76 2 421 2 430

1 750 76 2 129 2 415

2 000 76 2 740 2 430

2 917 76 2 501 2 615

68
 Balance Tank type BTD

For regulation and equalisation of flow.

Type Volume Material quality Availability

BTD-100 100 I 1.4404 (AISI 316) In stock

BTD-200 200 I 1.4404 (AISI 316) Made to order

BTD-350 350 I 1.4404 (AISI 316) In stock

BTD-500 500 I 1.4301 (AISI 304) Made to order

IMPORTANT FEATURES

• The tank contains a float that operates a disc valve via a lever, and an eccentrically carried
roller

• A range is available without float and with connections for level transmitters

• SMS connections, other connections on request

• BTD-100 and -350 available with high or low legs, etc

• BTD-100 and -350 available with plain cover, CIP cover (except for models with spillway)

• BTD-200 and -500 equipped with manhole cover and overflow pipe

69
 Tetra Aline In-line Mixer

An in-line mixer designed for mixing liquid, viscous and particulate products, as well as
equialising temperatures. Suitable for products like yoghurt with fruit, sugar solution and fruit
juice, milk and flavouring, mayonnaise and flavouring, dices, creamed peas and carrots etc.

IMPORTANT FEATURES

• Consists of 8 twisting elements inside a tube with gaskets between

• Working principle splitting the flow (not turbulence) - gives gentle treatment of the product

• Hygienic design the design of the twisting elements prevents particles from getting stuck

• Suitable for CIP

• Outside tube has leakage-detection holes

• Outside tube has a nut at one end easy to take out twisting elements for changing gaskets

• Standard type is diameter 63.5 mm (21/2"), capacity <30m3/h

• 101mm (4") type has capacity<53 m3/h

• High temperature type available, diameter 63.5 mm, for sterilisation

70
 Flow Controller type BA

A mechanically adjustable device for controlling the flows and maintaining a constant flow rate.

Important Features

• Has to be opened for adjustment

• SMS connections, other connections on request

• Must be equipped with a by-pass for CIP if the cleaning flow is higher than production flow

• Made entirely of stainless steel

Type Capacity l/h

BA00 800-2000

BA01 1500 -3600

BA02 3000 -6500

BA03 6000 -10500

BA10 10000 -22000

BA20 22000 -35000

71
 Milk Strainer types FG and FV

Strainers for milk and milk products. Equipped with a strainer plate (FG type) or strainer plates
with filter pad between them (FV type). Housing held together with a clamp.

IMPORTANT FEATURES

• Hole diameter of strainer plates 1.5 mm

• Easy to dismantle for cleaning (removing the clamp)

• SMS connections

• Made of stainless steel

• Seal ring between housing halves in nitrite rubber

72
 Milk Reception Unit

The Tetra Pak Milk Reception Unit is designed for accurate measurement of liquid flows in the
milk process. ing industry. The unit improves product quality through deaeration and measures
the flow.

IMPORTANT FEATURES

• Level transmitters ensuring a constant milk level

• Tangential inlet, eliminating foaming

• Continuous operation

• Flow transmitters measuring the flow rate

• Control cabinet containing control system and

operator interface

• Well-proven components

Type Capacity

MRU-1 5000-15000

MRU-2 10000- 35000

MRU-3 30000- 80000

MRU-4 60000- 100000

73
 Plant Components
Tetra Pak Processing Systems' global portfolio of Plant Components represents a comprehensive
high-class range assortment for liquid food applications. The range is carefully chosen to meet
TPPS' high demands, which safeguard quality as well as competitiveness. This is why we believe
that the portfolio is the natural choice for customers with the ambition to process premium.
quality products.

Five main groups compose the global portfolio:

• Pumps (sanitary and non-sanitary)

• Valves (sanitary and non-sanitary)

• Transmitters & Sensors

• Automation & Electrical Components

(Automation platforms, frequency converters, low-voltage equipment, recorders and controllers,

etc.)

• Integration components

(Pneumatics, pipes, fittings, filters, steam handling components, etc.)

74
Two sourcing alternatives are available to supply plant components. One is the Technical Service
Parts Supply Chain (TS PSC), where the complete global portfolio is available. This channel is
also the choice for sourcing spare parts and spare part kits. The other uses global agreements
available through the Supplier Portal on Orbis.

Detailed components information:

- Plant Components Catalogue.

(http://plantcom ponents.tetrapak.com)

A catalogue with an extensive range of Standard Components. A PDF version

can also be found in KAPS/Catalogue, document code TPPS10433.

- PIV, Product Information Viewer. (https://piv.tetrapak.corn)

This site provides the descriptions of released products, i .e. both filling machines and processing
components. This viewer is a tool for finding purchased components already registered with a
Tetra Pak article number to ensure that correct information is used.

- Maintenance & Spare Part documentation.

This documentation combines instruction manuals and spare parts recommendations of plant
components. Such documents can also be found in PIV.

You find more information about these tools on Plant Components' homepage on Orbis
(GLOBAL/Tetra Pak Processing Systems/Processing Components/Product Portfolio/Plant
Components).

75
 Control Panels
- the key to outstanding performance

No matter what kind of machines and equipment you want to control, our job is to help you
create effective interfaces. Tetra Pak offers the competence and skill of an experienced staff to
help you build the best value-for-money Control Cabinets on the market. We also deliver turnkey
control cabinets that meet tough demands for function, user-friendliness, reliability and design.

76
 Tetra Therm Lacta - Pasteurisation Unit
Introduction

Presentation of model

Tetra Therm Lacta is a platform based unit for processing and pasteurisation of low acid liquid
dairy products, but also for customer with a wider range of products like value added products,
requiring special temperature program, capacities or other special needs. Tetra Therm Lacta
provides flexible solutions with standardised and well-proven options for every customer/market.
It may also include stand alone modules for deaeration, separation, standardisation and
homogenisation. Consequently, the number and varieties of options provides the flexibility to
adopt the pasteuriser to meet specific customer needs and demands.

The heat treatment part of the Tetra Therm Lacta is based on Tetra Plex plate heat exchanger.
The optional European design complies with relevant parts of council directive 92/46/EEC of
June 16, 1992.

The Tetra Therm Lacta PMO complies with the US Grade “A” Pasteurized Milk Ordinance
(PMO).

Tetra Therm Lacta, is an automatic pasteurisation module. It is equipped with a PLC and HMI,
type: Allen-Bradley Compact Logix or Siemens S7-300, both are using a HMI type TPOP, 15
inch colour soft touch screen.

Features

• Target based production, pre-define amount of milk and cream including fat content

• Possibility to queue actions and recipe (Limited function with Tetra Therm Lacta PMO)

• Automatic hibernation function

• Low-loss balance tank function for minimized mix phase

• Communication interface is adapted to Tetra PlantMaster 6.3. Sub modules are controlled
from the control panel of Tetra Therm Lacta.

• Pressure control that reduces the pressure dip during partial separator discharge. Patented
function.

77
Selection guide
Models

Step 1.
Select a model intended for desired application.
Step 2.
Select capacity range.
Step 3.
Define product, temperature program and holding time. Recommended parameters are
shown in the tables below. For holding times above 30 seconds a spiral holding cell is
required.

Consumption milk Cheese milk Yoghurt milk

Inlet temp. (°C) 4 (39°F) 4 (39°F) 4 (39°F)

Deaeration temp. (°C) 64 (147°F) 64 (147°F) 64 (147°F)
Separation temp. (°C) 60 (140°F) 60 (140°F) --
Bactofugation temp (°C) 60 (140°F) 60 (140°F) --
Homogenisation temp. (°C) 60 (140°F) -- 60 (140°F)
Homogenisation pressure (bar) 100-160 (1450-2320 psi) -- 200 (2900 psi)
Pasteurisation temp. (°C) 74 (165°F) 74 (165°F) 95 (203°F)
Holding time (sec) 15 15 300
Outlet temp (°C) 4 (39°F) 32 (90°F) 43 (109°F)
Pre-sterilisation temp. (°C) 95 (203°F) 95 (203°F) 95 (203°F)

Cold coffee Cold whipping Warm Ice-cream

cream cream whipping cream mix
Inlet temp. (°C) 4 (39°F) 4 (39°F) 60 (140°F) 50 (122°F)
Homogenisation temp. (°C) 35-65 (95-149°F) -- -- 75 (167°F)
Homogenisation pressure (bar) 100-160 (1450- -- -- 160 (2320 psi)
2320 psi)
Pasteurisation temp. (°C) 95 (203°F) 95 (203°F) 95 (203°F) 95 (203°F)
Holding time (sec) 3 3 3 30
Outlet temp (°C) 4 (39°F) 8 (46°F) 8 (46°F) 4 (39°F)
Pre-sterilisation temp. (°C) 95 (203°F) 95 (203°F) 95 (203°F) 95 (203°F)
For more or detailed information, please consult Dairy Handbook or Guidelines on Orbis

78
Step 4.
If homogeniser should be included, define the homogenisation pressure, and whether
partial or full homogenisation is required. Full homogenisation is always applicable but
partial homogenisation is only applicable when a separator is included in the pasteurisation
line. At partial homogenisation the capacity of the homogeniser can be reduced to
approximately 25% of the nominal pasteurisation capacity, as most of the skim milk by-
passes the homogeniser.
Specification of options to the homogeniser are specified in section “Scope of supply”.
Homogeniser capacity specification:
 Full homogenisation and capacity controlling, then equal to the flow capacity of the
pasteuriser
 Full homogenisation but not capacity controlling, then pasteuriser capacity plus 5%
 Partial homogenisation but not capacity controlling, then remix cream flow capacity,
recalculated at 18% fat, plus 10% capacity.
Select an appropriate homogeniser in Chapter 7.1 in Section 7 Processing Components of
this Price Book.
Step 5.
If separator should be included, define whether standardisation or skimming is required.
Select an appropriate Separator in Chapter 7.2 in Section 7 Processing Components of the
price book or on corresponding page on ORBIS.
The following automation combinations will be recommended
Tetra Therm Lacta Name of control panel on separator
Compact Logix TCC30
Siemens S7 TCC10A, TCC10D or TCC20

Selection guideline in the table below.

Separator model Power Capacity skimming, Capacity, manual

(kW) standardisation with Tetra Alfast standardisation
(l/h) (l/h)
Tetra Centri H 407 TGP 11 7 500 7 500
Tetra Centri H10 15 10 000 10 000
Tetra Centri H 15 15 15 000 15 000
Tetra Centri H 614 HGV 18.5 25 000 25 000
Tetra Centri H 714 HGV 22 30 000 30 000
Tetra Centri H 518 HGV 22 35 000 35 000
Tetra Centri H 618 HGV 25 40 000 40 000
Tetra Centri H 718 HGV 25 55 000 55 000
Tetra Centri H 818 HGV 37 60 000 60 000
Tetra Centri H 60 Eco 37 60 000 60 000
Tetra Centri H 75 Eco 45 75 000 75 000

79
Step 6.
If separator is included, define whether manual or automatic standardisation is required.
Manual standardisation device is included in the separator module. Automatic
standardisation equipment, Tetra Alfast, is selected from the price book, Chapter 2.5 Tetra
Alfast.
Step 7.
If a Bactofuge is included, select model in the table below. A two-phase Bactofuge (type
BM) produces a continuous flow of bacteria concentrate at approximate 3% of the milk
flow. A one-phase Bactofuge (type BB) collects the bacteria concentrate in the sediment
space inside the bowl, and discharge it at pre-set intervals at approximate 0,3% of the milk
flow

Bactofuge model Power Capacity Intermittent Continuous

(kW) (l/h) discharge discharge
Tetra Centri BB10 15 5 000 x
Tetra Centri BM714HGV 22 10 000 x
Tetra Centri BB7144HGV 22 15 000 x
Tetra Centri BM6184HGV 25 25 000 x
Tetra Centri BB6184HGV 25 25 000 x
Tetra Centri BM8184HGV 37 35 000 x
Tetra Centri BB8184HGV 37 35 000 x
Tetra Centri BM9184HGV 42 40 000 x
Tetra Centri BB9184HGV 42 40 000 x
Tetra Centri BM40 Eco 37 35 000 x
Tetra Centri BB45 Eco 37 35 000 x
Tetra Centri BM50 Eco 37 40 000 x
Tetra Centri BB55 Eco 37 40 000 x

Step 8.
If the product should be deaerated, select an appropriate Tetra Alrox Lacta deaerator based
on capacity. Detailed information including flowchart of the deaerators are available in
chapter 2.4.

Step 9.
The table below gives an indication of what options that are mandatory for a certain
application, it also indicates what options we recommend. The capacities are based on the
temperature profiles specified in the table in “step 3” in this chapter. The table below gives
also an indication of what capacities of a certain application that will be achieved
compared to pure consumption milk.
No legal aspects have been considered in the table.

80
 The cream and ice-cream pasteurisers are as standard equipped with all mandatory options,
capacities given for those are indicative what will be achieved with a milk pasteuriser with
some modifications and / or additional options.
The options are more detailed described later in this chapter in section “Options”.

Tetra Therm Lacta for Consump Cheese Yoghurt Cold coffee Cold whipping Warm whipping Ice-cream
milk, size, l/h tion milk milk milk cream cream cream mix

5 000 5 000 5 000 5 000 2 000 2 000 2 000 2 000

10 000 10 000 10 000 10 000 5 000 5 000 5 000 5 000

20 000 20 000 20 000 20 000 10 000 10 000 10 000 10 000

35 000 35 000 35 000 35 000

Tetra Therm Lacta for

cream or ice-cream, size,
l/h

2 000 2 000 2 000 2 000 2 000

5 000 5 000 5 000 5 000 5 000

10 000 10 000 10 000 10 000 10 000

Mandatory options

1.6 Split heater circulation

X
pump

2.4 Homogeniser, capacity

X
controlling

2.11 Deaerator X

2.9 Spiral holding cell. X

6.1 Outlet temperature higher X X

than 12C, automatic
6.3 Automatic control of
separation and/or X
homogenisation
temperature

81
 Step 10.
If you cannot find a suitable pasteurisation unit in the price book, please ask the product
centre for a quotation for a customised unit, Tetra Therm Lacta.

Commissioning

Commissioning time
Estimated time on site for start-up of a Tetra Therm Lacta.
System basic* Estimated time
Tetra Therm Lacta 1 to 2 weeks
Tetra Centri together with Tetra Therm Lacta 2 days
Tetra Alex together with Tetra Therm Lacta 1 day
Tetra Alfast Plus together with Tetra Therm Lacta 3 days
Allow for additional days if several products should be configured
Tetra Alrox together with Tetra Therm Lacta 1 day
Additional temp. program 1 day per temp. program
Additional capacity or product 1 day per capacity or product
Communication with master system On request
The number of hours per week** is 40+20.
Requirements for commissioning
 Basic operator's training included.
 Three short production tests included.
 Time for commissioning and performance validation is not included.
 Time for production supervision is not included.
 The “Checklist for commissioning” has to be fulfilled before arrival of process
Specialist.
“Checklist for commissioning” is found under Section 0 General, Chapter 0.1 User
guide.
 Travel time is not included and depends on site location.
 Waiting time, additional travel etc, are not included in the estimated time for start-up
and will be charged separately. All time we cannot work without interruption out of
our control, is considered as waiting time.
 Time is calculated for one Process Specialist (English speaking). Interpreter to be
provided locally if English is not spoken.
 A control system other than the Tetra Pak Dairy & Beverage standard requires one
automation engineer.
 Connection to a supervisory system requires additional time
* One capacity and one temperature program, one product, our standard control system (Allen Bradley
Compact Logix or Siemens S7) and complete delivery from us.
** Normal charge for 40 hours a week. Overtime charge for 20 hours a week. If local overtime regulation
does not permit this overtime, estimated time will increase accordingly.

82
 Let us help you make a good impression

We manage the entire process from specification of requirements to delivery. Thanks to our long
experience in designing and manufacturing control cabinets for many different kinds of
equipment, we can effectively produce the solution you require. If you need customised
functions, they can usually be designed by combining well-proven building blocks.

We make sure that the control cabinets we deliver fulfill the required technical directives.

We also produce documentation that corresponds to market requirements.

We promise that you can save both time and money by using our experience, our knowledge and
our resources.

Would you like assistance in developing a cost-effective standard for your cabinets?

Do you need an entirely new technical solution?

Are you simply looking for a reliable manufacturer of control cabinets that fulfill demanding
requirements?

TRY US!!

83
 Certificates

MACHINERY DIRECTIVE

As a member of the EU, it is compulsory to follow the EC Machinery Directive for the
development and manufacture of electrical appliances for the EU market. Tetra Pak is also
committed to compliance with the directives for all markets.

The Machinery Directive requires compliance with the IF classification, the EMC Directive and
the Low Voltage Directive.

IP CLASSIFICATION

The IP classification is a standard that describes the different requirements of sealing effects of
control cabinet enclosures, ranging from sprinkle-tight to dust- and water-tight. Control cabinets
made in the workshop are manufactured for food processing environments in accord-

ance with the IP55 protection classification. The first digit of the IF-classification number
indicates protection against touching and penetration of solid particles. The second digit
indicates the degree of protection against water. IP55 means dust-protected and water-spray-
protected.

EMC DIRECTIVE, 89/336/EEC

The ElectroMagnetic Compatibility directive (EMC) is a European demand regarding immunity

and emission (radiated and conducted). It requires that cabinets will not disturb, or be disturbed,
e.g. by radio waves from other sources, such as mobile phones.

LOW VOLTAGE DIRECTIVE, 72/23/EEC WITH AMENDMENT 93/68/EEC

The Low Voltage Directive aims at giving norms for safety protection. It is applied for electrical
equipment designed for use with a voltage rating between 50 and 1 000 V for alternating current
(AC) and between 75 and 1 500 V for direct current (DC). Electrical equipment may be placed
on the market only if it does not endanger the safety of persons, domestic animals or property.

UL AND cUL CERTIFICATES

The Control Panel workshop is authorised for production in accordance with UL and cUL
Certificates (Underwriters Laboratories), i.e. our equipment is also approved for the North
American market.

84
 10 good reasons why
Tetra Pak Processing Components should supply your Control Cabinets

1. ISO 9001 AND 14001 CERTIFIED

Certification in accordance with these management systems is based on continuous improvement

regarding quality and environmental performance.

2. UL AND cUL CERTIFIED

Tetra Pak's high demands on the manufacture of control cabinets enable us to supply approved
equipment to all markets, including the stringent North American market.

3. EMC COMPLIANCE WITH TECHNICAL CONSTRUCTION FILE

The Tetra Pak staff has all the competence and experience required to handle the EMC problem
complex (see EMC Directive).

4. A FLEXIBLE SUPPLIER THAT UNDERSTANDS YOUR NEEDS

Our vast experience from filling machines and process lines in numerous applications enables us
to understand all kinds of special needs and demands - including yours.

5. MANY TECHNICAL SOLUTIONS

Our expertise enables us to translate the understanding of your needs into cost-effective solutions
for each occasion/application.

6. HIGH QUALITY ELECTRICAL MANUALS

Our well-structured database generates efficient, userfriendly documentation.

7. A FIRMLY ESTABLISHED AND LONG-TERM COLLABORATIVE PARTNER

Tetra Pak is a solid company that is here to stay.

8. EFFECTIVE ORGANISATION THAT SAVES TIME AND MONEY

Our "flat" organisational structure means short, efficient interfaces for internal and external
communications.

85
9. BROAD EXPERTISE IN A WIDE RANGE OF SYSTEMS

We have considerable experience in many systems, e.g. Allen-Bradley, Siemens and GE Fanuc,
including their components and electronic appliances.

10. COST-EFFECTIVE DESIGN AND PRODUCTION

Our EPLAN design tool together with R/3 makes an efficient interface between the design and
manufacture of control cabinets, assuring quality, function and cost savings.

86
 Conversion tables

PRESSURE DROP IN PIPES

Example:

10000 l/h in a 2" stainless steel pipe

and velocity 1.5 m/s

Friction loss: 55 kPa per 100 m

pipe

VOLUME IN STAINLESS STEEL PIPES

Outside diameter Inside diameter Litres/metre

25 mm 22.6 mm 0.4011

38 mm 35.6 mm 0.9954

51 mm 48.6 mm 1.8551

63.5 mm 60.3 mm 2.8558

76 mm 72.9 mm 4.1739

101.6 mm 97.6 mm 7.4815

87
FLOW VELOCITY IN PIPES

Refers to standard dairy pipes.

Example:

10000 l/h in a 2" stainless steel pipe Velocity: 1.5 m/s

88
LENGTH

From/to cm m km in ft mile

cm 1 0.01 0.00001 0.39370 0.03281 6.21x10-5

m 100 1 0.001 39.3701 3.28084 6.21x10-4

km 100000 1000 1 3.94x104 328.084 0.62137

in 2.54 0.0254 2.54x10-5 1 0.08333 1.58x 10-5

ft 30.48 0.3048 3.05x10-4 12 1 1.89x10-4

mile 1.61x105 1609.34 1.60934 6.34x104 5280 1

1 mile = 1760 yd; 1 m = 1.094 yd;1 yd = 5.682x10-4 mile

1 nautical mile = 1.852 km = 6076.12 ft = 1.15078 mile except in the UK; where 1 nautical mile = 6080 ft;

1 A (angstrom) = 10-8 cm

Area

From/to cm2 m2 km2 in2 ft2 mile2

3.86x10-
cm2 1 0.0001 1x10-10 0.15500 0.00108 11

m2 10000 1 1 x 10-6 1550.00 10.7639 3.86x10-7

km2 1x1010 1x106 1 1.55x109 1.08x107 0.38610

2.49x10-
in2 6.4516 6.45x10-4 6.45x10-10 1 0.00694 10

ft2 929.030 0.09290 9.29x10-8 144 1 3.59x10-8

mile2 2.59x1010 2.59x106 2.58999 4.01x109 2.79x107 1

1 acre = 4046.86 m2 = 43559.996 ft2 = 0.00156 mile2

From/to g/cm3 kg/m3 Ib/in3 Ib/ft3

g/cm3 1 1000 0.0361 62.4

kg/m3 0.001 1 0.0000361 0.0624

Ib/in3 27.7 27.7 103 1 1.73 103

Ib/ft3 0.016 16 0.000579 1

89
Volume

From/to cm3 l m3 in3 ft

3
yd
3

cm3 1 0.001 1x10-6 0.06102 3.53x10-5 1.31x10-6

l 1000 1 0.001 61.0237 0.03531 0.00131

m3 1x106 1000 1 61023.7 35.3147 1.30795

3
in 16.3871 0.01639 1.64x10-5 1 5.79X10-4 2.14x10-5

ft3 28316.8 28.3168 0.02832 1728 1 0.03704

yd3 764555 764.555 0.76456 46656 27 1

-5 -5
fl oz 29.5735 0.02957 2.96x10 1.80469 0.00104 3.87x10

liq qt 473.176 0.47318 4.73x10-4 28.875 0.16710 6.19x10-4

liq qt 946.353 0.94635 9.46x10-4 57.75 0.03342 0.00124

gal(US) 3785.41 3.78541 0.00379 231 0.13368 0.00495

gal(UK) 4546.09 4.54609 0.00455 277.420 0.16054 0.00595

bbl(oil) 158987 158.987 0.15899 9702 5.61458 0.20795

bbl(liq) 119240 119.240 0.11924 7276.5 4.21094 0.15596

floz liq pt liq qt gal gal bbl(oil)

From/to (US) (US) (US) (US) (UK) (US)
3
cm 0.03381 0.00211 0.00106 2.64x10-4 2.19x10-4 6.29x10-6

I 33.8140 2.11338 1.05669 0.26417 0.21997 0.00629

m3 33814.0 2113.38 1056.69 264.172 219.969 6.28981

3
in 0.55411 0.03463 0.01732 0.00433 0.00360 1.03x10-4
3
ft 957.506 59.8442 29.9221 7.48052 6.22884 0.17811
3
yd 125853 1616 807.896 201.974 168.178 4.80891

fl oz 1 0.0625 0.03125 0.00781 0.00651 1.86x10-4

liq pt 16 1 0.5 0.125 0.10408 0.00298

liq qt 32 2 1 0.25 0.20817 0.00595

gal(US) 128 8 4 1 0.83267 0.02381

gal(UK) 153.722 9.60760 4.80380 1.20095 1 0.02859

bbl(oil) 5376 336 168 42 34.9723 1

90
91
92
93
94