FOOD SECURITY ANALYSIS IN ISLAMIC ECONOMIC PERSPECTIVE

A. Background of Study
One of the miracle scientific in the Qur’an is Allah Swt. had created this
earth in two times and determined the food for its inhabitants in four times. All its
prosperities established and adequated for all creatures that live on it. Human
keep search it and had the use of nature law to obtain their own food and feed for
livestock.1
Our country Indonesia included in a rich agricultural country which have
wide land, plentiful natural capital with various spices and raw materials for food.
Resource availability of local food in various areas in Indonesia is actually quite
abounding, however, theutilization still there are not many variations. There are
still the judgment that local food was high-status inferior (a cheap, low charitable
activities, but in fact a local food stores the potential to be developed through
diversification processed products. 2
In Islamic Economic, the tool of satisfy needs which is provided The
Creator is actually not limited. This Earth was created in accordance with the will
of God Almighty, naturally aimed for a human being. People have needs and
want to live their lives. In essence needs is natural or sunnatullah, so the
compliance must be tried accord with people's abilities. As an example is
essential needs, which included in it are eating, clothes, homes, health, education,
security, and so on. Such As the need to breathe (02) which spread all over water
of nature, which came from the fountain of the water, the rivers and other water

Hisyam Thalbah … (et al), Ensiklopedia Mukjizat Al-Qur’an Dan Hadist Jilid 6 Mukjizat
1

Tumbuhan Dan Buah-Buahan, 1st edition, Bekasi: Sapta Sentosa, July 2008, p. 172.

2
Kurniawan Hakim, Diversifikasi Olahan Bahan Pangan Lokal Berbasis Ubi Kelapa,
Ganyong dan Sukun. Artikel BB Biogen, on the
site http://biogen.litbang.pertanian.go.id/index.php/2014/07/diversifikasi -olahan-bahan-pangan-lokal-
berbasis-ubi-kelapa-ganyong-dan-sukun, accessed on September 2014.

1
 resource also without borders, food needs that can be renewed (renewable
resources) is on land, sea and air, also the need for housing and clothing which
are not limited to spread across a remote earth. They are available by nature.
While desire more closely with materialism then the desire itself.So in
basicprinciple commodity human beings is limited, so that it does not necessarily
deplete natural all-out war. Even, we have to be friendly with nature and utilizing
the resources with full-count for the future. So the damage was on the dry land
and the sea is not because the earth unable to serve people's needs, but it is
because of aberration and disobedience that were done by man himself. 3
During this our country uses a rice and cotton symbol in various
government agencies and state institutions to symbolize prosperity. But we know
that we use cotton 99,5% are imports, so cotton not prosperous factor in this
country but rather was a major of poverty factor, because they need to
import.Rice is food ingredients in this country, andAsia generally. When the land
is opened, rice production to shrink while the number of human resources
increases, sooner or later it is impact to crisis condition for food rice. Potential
food crisis like its easy repeatedly coming because the main problem of the
dependence on imports such as soy and wheat, there is no real solution yet.4
The 2012 Global Hunger Index (GHI) shows that reduction of hungry
people proportion in the world is slow and hunger on a global scale remains
‘serious’. Twenty countries still have levels of hunger that are ‘extremely
alarming’. South Asia and Sub-Sahara Africa have the highest levels of hunger.
Those countries are classified as having ‘moderate’ or ‘serious’ hunger.5

3
Hasan Aedy, Teori dan Aplikasi Ekonomi Pembangunan Perspektif Islam Sebuah Studi
Komparasi, 1st ed., Yogyakarta: Graha Ilmu, 2011, p. 80-81.

4
Muhaimin Iqbal, Sharia Economics 2.0 Ekonomi Syariah Untuk Kita, 1st edition, (Jakarta:
Republika, 2013), p. 142-166.

5
Wayne Martindale, Global Food Security And Supply, 1st edition, (British: Willey
Blackwell, 2015), p. 11.

2
 Whereas it was predicted that in 2050, the world needs food production
twice from production levels now to be able to survive with food sufficiency for
its inhabitants. The number of Indonesia’speople will reach 300 million more
In 2025; national food security will be threatened if our food supply depends on
imports.6
An area that outstretches from nillriver till Tigris and Euphrates rivers
(Fertile Crescent) which is the first land which produces wheat and nuts has now
become the world's largest food importing countries. This is because they were
forced to export food and deliver local grain production that is very important for
local food sufficiency, so which get profited most is that agriculture industry
collusion with the regime supported by United States. While there are three
companies that control 90 % grain of world, the Cargill, ADM, and Bunge that
these third based in the United States.7
In almost all developed countries and developing countries that lives
prosperity and wealthy, it was revealed the fact that 25000 of people including
18000of children and 7000 of adults died of starvation and more than 1 billion
hunger for each night in the whole world. This was in contradiction to basic
human rightin getting food and other basic needs. Food is the first right which
must be compliance for a life in this world. Data of FAO about the spread
population that experience famine and foodunsecurity is Muslim countries that
also were the group members of the Organization of Islamic Conference (OIC)
are among these: Bangladesh and African sub-Saharan countries.8

6
Arsyad Lincolin, Ekonomi Pembangunan, 5th edition, (Yogyakarta: Unit publisher and
printing STIM YKPN, 2010), p. 428.

7
Dina Y. Sulaeman, Timur Tengah Dan Kejahatan Industri Pertanian, in the
website http://Timur%20Tengah%20dan%20Kejahatan%20Industri%20Pertanian.html accessed on
September 18, 2015.
8
Ulfa Jamilatun Farida SIP., SHI., MSI., Management Of Cooperation On Agricultural
Investment Among Islamic Countries: A Strategy For Achieving Food Security And Solving Poverty Of

3
 God provides the means for enough favors to all the creatures on earth, at
the same time. He has also order to human the prosperous of earth. Then we
should realize that we are mandated by Allah the Almighty. The task, is not for
others. So to do that we need to be more creative in processing source of food in
the country and have a role to conserve and prospere the earth that be able to
explore the natural resource potential that are so big, human potential that is so
smart, the potential for faith that will establish their hearts in decision-making, the
potential for The Qur'an which became the source of all source of science. If this
task we do not run it well, or instead when people more destructive means that
needed to produce enough food, so it is faced by earth dwellers now, 1 billion
people do not find enough food .9
Capital resources that God has granted to people wereenough to compliant
needs and wishes of human, also enough for all of what human asked. So the
Economic problems does not have come cause of got scarce resources and natural
resources or the inability of natural in processing human needs. Actually
economic issues raised by the man himself, which is from their oppression
and Injustice. Opperassion in the wealth disribution and disobedience to Allah for
his favors are two factors that suffer human life since the beginning of history.10
From the food problems above, the writter interested to examine in this
research. She will research on objects as follows: "Food security Analysis In
Islamic Economic Perspective".

The Muslim World, Conference Proceedings Annual International Conference On Islamic Studies
(AICIS XII), p. 1894-1895.

9
Muhaimin Iqbal, Sharia Economics 2.0 Ekonomi Syariah Untuk Kita, 1st edition, Jakarta;
Republika, 2013, p. 125-132.
10
Muhammad Baqir As Shadr, Buku Induk Ekonomi Islam Iqtishaduna, 1st edition, Jakarta:
Zahra Publishing House, 2008, p. 430.

4
B. Problems Formulation

1. How does the food security that incurred now and the factors that
cause problems in economy?
2. How does the concept for food security in Islamic Economic perspective?

C. Purpose of Research

1. To understand food security and the factors that causes problems in the
economy.
2. To understand the concept of food security in Islamic Economic perspective.

D. Significance of research

Result this thesis highly expected to come with some benefit for some
aspect which is link to this paper, as follows:

1. It is expected to author be able to add the science about food security in

Islamic Economic perspective.

2. Theorytically, this study is expected to contribute in Syaria Economic

especially as discourse and additional literature in Syaria Economic Faculty.

3. And practically:

a. To realize Muslim the effect of capitalist economic system that caused

some issues to the food security in the worldwide.

b. To encourage Muslim the importance of managing the prousperity of

foods in the way of Islamic.

4. This study is hoped to come with benefit as additional referencefor another

researcher in the interest of study and science.

5
E. Literature Review

In essence, this paper is not a new problem in economic development.

Some papers have talk about it. One of them is a bachelor thesis on paper by a
student. She is Siti Aishah Submitted to Ushuluddin Faculty and Islamic thought
that was entitled: Ketahanan Pangan Dalam Perpektif Al-Qur’an
(KajianTematik), explained about the concept of impact and signification on food
security in the Qur'an by using qualitative research method and thematic technical
data consists of a number of sub-chapter contains about food security and
accompanied by the Muslim scholars' interpretation also completed by food
security context in the Indonesia. This paper is aimed to discuss food security in
terms of the Qur'an, while I discuss food security in sense of Economic Islam. 11
This Research has also discussed by Emiliana Fasak Faculty of Economics,
one of Atma Jaya University student in Yogyakarta, entitled: Diversifikasi
Konsumsi Pangan Berbasis Potensi Lokal Dalam Mewujudkan Ketahanan
Pangan Nasional Di Kecamatan Bola, Kabupaten Sikka, Propinsi Nusa Tenggara
Timur, in 2010. This Research want to do the study on food consumption
community in the sub-district ball, Sikka Regency, East Lesser Sundas province
in running the pattern diversified food consumption by using descriptif analysis
method. Diversification of food program, especially in the pattern food
consumption is one of the endurance factors in national food security program.
The result of research found there is a dependency on local consumption for rice
commodities. Even so, the existence of local plants that was a main alternative
plant provides a way to make improvements with food consumption
diversification program. Soif taken differences discussion, this research is to

11
Siti Aishah, Ketahanan Pangan Dalam Perpektif Al-Qur’an (KajianTematik), a Bachelor’s
degree of University of Negeri Islam Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta 2014.

6
 discuss food security that is manifested in a way food diversification, while I
discuss food security according to Islamic economy. 12
The Asian Journal of Agriculture and Rural Development, Vol. 3, No. 3 on
March 2013 is entitled, “Capacity Building on Food-Crop Farming to Improve
Food Production and Food Security in Central Java, Indonesia” written by
Waridin Faculty of Economic and Business, Diponegoro University Semarang
Indonesia has also discussed. His paper was talk about the potency of food
production capabilities and the huge demand for food, either from national or
global consumers, has become not only a challenge, but also an opportunity for
national agriculture since Indonesia have enough natural and human resources. In
the case of capacity building improvement, the release of new Extention Law will
make the delivery of agricultural services in Indonsia increase productions as well
as the competitiveness of agricultural sector and improve farmer incomes.13
Sandi Nurhadi with his thesis, "Strategi Pengembangan Ketahanan Pangan,
(Studi di Kabupaten Bantul Propinsi Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta)", National
Defense program.This research done in order to know and understand more about
Food Security Development Strategy in Bantul District the Yogyakarta Province.
This is survey research and descriptive approach with qualitative and quantitative.
To discuss the importance of food as human needs, there is a food security built
displacement, that there are still food unsecurity areas, the conversion of
farmland, dependence of Bantul’s people in agriculture is 42% to meet
availability food sufficiency, and still there is lack of knowledge and careless of
people and producers to food security. Thatthis thesis is about development

12
Emiliana Eliseus Fasak, Diversifikasi Konsumsi Pangan Berbasis Potensi Lokal Dalam
Mewujudkan Ketahanan Pangan Nasional Di Kecamatan Bola, Kabupaten Sikka, Propinsi Nusa
Tenggara Timur, in 2010, a bachelor degree of Atma Jaya University 2011.

13
Waridin, , “Capacity Building on Food-Crop Farming to Improve Food Production and
Food Security in Central Java, Indonesia”, The Asian Journal of Agriculture and Rural Development,
Vol. 3, No. 3 on March 2013.

7
 strategy for food security in the Bantul city Yogyakarta, while I explain food
security in the aspect of Islamic economic, not strategy.14
The paper is entitled, "Ketahanan Pangan Dalam Perubahan Iklim
Global", in the Public policy dialog Journal, which was published by the
Ministry of Communication and RI Informatics Directoralof Information General
and Public Communication of Public Media Management Directorat. The Journal
discussed the wrong direction of national economy during this happened because
economically priority and excessive indulge to non-agro industrialization that is
based on import extremely (import-based industries, IBI economic sector) also
toss economic sector based domestic (domestic-based Industries, DBI) especially
food-agriculture, And also analyzes the overall about national food security in
impact of global warming in scope and a lot of extreme climate change. Climate
change and extreme weather become determining factor in such national food
security policy making. Stressed that the main problem of food security is located
in imports and romanticism orientation in cheap foodthat deaden all stimulansand
incentive development of agriculture based in the country as the provider and
main contributors of national food security. The journal was to discuss the issue
of national food security related to import on global climate change, while the
research that is discussed by the author about food security in Islamic economic
perspective. 15
To differentiate this research with the one before that, an analysis for food
security that is examined from various aspects. If that was previously on food
security issues according to the Qur'an, the diversification, politics, the strategy

14
Sandi Nurhadi, Strategi Pengembangan Ketahanan Pangan, (Studi di Kabupaten Bantul
Propinsi Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta), postgraduate of Gadjah Mada University in Yogyakarta 2010.
15
Kementrian Konumikasi dan Informatika RI “Ketahanan Pangan Dalam Perubahan Iklim
Global”, in the Journal of Public Policy Dialog, (4th edition, November 2011), p. 10.

8
 and import impact to food security, but in this research will discuss about food
security in Islamic Economic perspective.

F. Theoretical Framework
1. Definition of Food

Food is essential for people’s self-existence, development, and

welfare. Survival is imposible without food. Safe food should be nutritious
and supply energy to the consumer.16

According to Law No. 18 of 2012 about food, definition of food is

everything that originates from the source of plant agricultural products,
plantations, forestry, fisheries, animal husbandry, aquaculture, and water,
either that is processed or not being processed as food and drink for human
consumption, including additional materials as food, raw materials for food,
and other material used in the process of preparing, processing, and or making
food or drink.17

Food is a human basic needs the most important that have to be

compliance for a life in this world, and also human rights for each individual
in Indonesia. Thus a complianted requirement for food in a country is one
thing that must be fulfilled. Beside, food also holds the important and strategic
policy in Indonesia based on the influence socially, economic and political.18
The compliance must be a part of human rights for each individual. The
achievement of local food need in Indonesia the whole of the people is a

16
Soraj Hongladarom, Food Security and Food Safety for the Twenty-first Century
Proceedings of APSAFE 2013, (Bangkok: Springer, 2015), p. 35.

17
The Law No. 18 in 2012.
18
Galih Nugroho, Meningkatkan Ketahanan Pangan Indonesia Berbasis SumberDaya Lokal,
2009 in the website http://www.WordPress.accessed on 20-4-2015.

9
 moral obligation, social, and law, including human rights of each Indonesian
people. The law on Food was mandate that the government, together with the
citizenry actualize food security for all Indonesian people.19
In the word of God,
20
ِ ‫َو َما ِم ْن دَابَّ ٍة فِي األ َ ْر‬
... ‫ض اِالَّ َعلَى هللا ِر ْزقُ َها َويَ ْعلَ ُم ُم ْستَقَ َّرهَا َو ُم ْست َ ْودَ َع َها‬
That means, "And there is no moving creature on earth but its sustenance
dependeth on Allah. He knoweth its resting place and its temporary
deposit…"
He did provide all the means that needed on this earth to fulfill
people's needs. Even needed for the process of creation four days to replenish
the earth, while creation of the earth only needed two days, the earth contents
is much more complicated than it own earth .
Then He also said,

ِ ‫ ُه َوأ َ ْنشَأ َ ُك ْم ِمنَ األ َ ْر‬... "

" ... ‫ض َوا ْست َ ْع َم َر ُك ْم فِ ْي َها‬
"It is He Who hath produced you from the earth and settled you
therein” (Surah HUD 11: 61).
So in the same epistle, the Hud there are at least two verse which each other
explains in islamic sustenance or in relation to this article is such an example
food problems, namely 6th verse and 61st verse.
The Creator also had a message to us by the Yusuf epistlethat cut of it
among this, "he said: "shall you cultivate diligently seven years (ever) is

19
Ketahanan Pangan Berbasis Sumberdaya Lokal (Desa Mandiri Pangan Berkelanjutan), in
the Journal of Food security-UB-NEW-RIP, accessed on 4-20-2015 in http://fapet.ub.ac.id/wp-
content/uploads/2013/09/ketahanan-pangan-ub-new_rip.pdf

20
Al-Qur'anul Karim, Hud : 6.

10
 really: and the harvests that you reap, you shall leave them except a little, of
which you shall eat,"" (Surah Yusuf [12]:47).21
According to Saragih (1998; 28), household in economy market can
have the right to control on food through :
a. The rights based on selling, getting food through conversion something
that household had with other parties.
b. The rights based on production, obtain of food with producing their own
with using the resources that owned by household or using the
resources that bought or leased from other parties.
c. The rights based on transfer, the free gift food that was received by the
household because of the gift from other party.
For human viability, food is essential needs. Achieving national food
security is one of the most important aims of developmentandimproves the
quality development of nation. Availability and sufficiency of food plays an
important not only in fulfilling the energy calories to increase productivity,
but also provide support to increase the quality of life and development.22
Islamic economy has always been aims to achieve human welfare (al-
fallah) through natural resources processingby the people. Food needs also
related with viability. So it has been clear that the welfare that you want to
achieve is food adequacy. If al-fallah has not been achieved so the people in
the world will still suffer from food crisis.23

21
Muhaimin Iqbal, Sharia Ekonomics 2.0 Ekonomi Syariah Untuk Kita, 1st edition, (Jakarta:
Republika, in March 2013), p. 132-134.

22
Ketut Kariyasa and Achmad Suryana, “Memperkuat Ketahanan Pangan Melalui
Pengurangan Pemborosan Pangan” in the journal of Analisis Kebijakan Pertanian, (Vol. 10, No. 3,
September 2012, p. 270.

23
Ulfa Jamilatun Farida, SIP., SHI., MSI, Management Of Cooperation On Agricultural
Investment Among Islamic Countries: A Strategy For Achieving Food Security And Solving Poverty Of
The Muslim World, Conference Proceedings Annual International Conference On Islamic Studies
(AICIS XII), p. 1903

11
 The hunger and inadequate of food needs in this world is because
human consequential damage, failure in nature law, dereliction of Allah Swt.
graces which are uncountable.24

2. Theory of Food security

Some definitions that have been used by food regulators including as

activities associated with ensuring the adequacy of the food supply. There are
notions contend that the term ”food security” ought to be the domain of
international-aid and economic–development policy communities, others have
used this term to encompass international food defense issues as well as
unintentional incidents that impact the adequacy of the food supply. Either
”food security” or ”food defense” disscuss about how to protect the food
supply and ensure foodsafety as well as food-supply sufficiency.25
The concept for food security has evolved significantly from time to
time. Definition of food security used in this course is the one adopted at the
1996 World Food Summit held in Rome, read as follows: Food security exists
when all people, at all times, have physical and economic access to sufficient
safe and nutritious food that meets their dietary needs and food preferences
for an active and healty life. The factors that influencing one’s food security
status are agricultural production, trade, income, food quality, clean water,
sanitation, governance and political stability.26

24
Hisyam Thalbah … (et al), Ensiklopedia Mukjizat Al-Qur’an Dan Hadist Jilid 6 Mukjizat
Tumbuhan Dan Buah-Buahan, 1st edition, Bekasi: Sapta Sentosa, July 2008, p. 172.

25
John G., Voeller, Food Safety and Food Security, Canada: Willey, 2014, p. 61.

26
The EC-FAO Food Security Information for Action Program, Distance Learning to Support
Capacity Building and Training for National and Local Food Security Information Systems and
Networks, Food Security Concepts and Frameworks, p. 3, In the website www.foodsec.org/dl accessed
on 13-10-2015.

12
 Food security definition encompasses macro aspect which is adequate
for food Sufficiency, and micro aspect i.e. achieving food needs of each
household to meet dietary need and productivities. Food security is size of
elasticity to disturbances in the future or lack of important food supply
because of the several of factors such as dryness, starvation disturbance, the
scarcity of fuel, economy instability, war, etc.27
In the Law No. 7/1996 and PP No. 68 in 2002 Food security in
Indonesia is defined as: a fulfilling of household food for the reflected from
availability of enough food, number and quality, safe, equitable and
achievable price.
Food security is important and strategic thing. Some experience in
many countries shows that there is no other country to implement the
development well before it is able to provide food security ahead of time.
National food security is a fundamental development condition for
development advance and quality of life that played an important role in the
increase national productivity and improvement of the citizens’life quality
with food availability and adequate that can increase productivity. In a simple
understood as a condition where the stock availability of food fulfilled and the
public can obtain food easier and cheaper.28
Poverty in agriculture, plantation, and fishery linked to food security.
Food problem also have own dimension look from food quality, food safety,
food diversity, and self-food. Rate of import for some essential food product
make insecurity impact widely. Insecurity also relate to shock, such dryness,
disaster, or international market fluctuation.

27
Ketahanan Pangan, in the website http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ketahanan_pangan accessed
on 4-20-2015.
28
Kementrian Komunikasi dan Informatika RI, “Ketahanan Pangan Dalam Perubahan Iklim
Global”, in the Journal of Public policy dialog, 4th edition, November 2011, p. 50.

13
 The ability of supply food has a source from domestic affairs itself, it
is smallholder. Whereas import of food only for fulfilling inadequate (last
resort), in order to let domestic food security be.29
FAO (Food and Agricultural Organization) organized The World Food
Summit (WFS) at Rome in November 1996-the 12th international conference
30
under United Nation auspices since 1990 held meeting in FAO
Headquarters, Heads of State and Government pledged their political will and
their commitment to achieving food security for all and to an ongoing effort to
eradicate hunger in all countries.31
Four main dimensions of food security can be identified:32
1. Physical Availablity of food
Food availability addresses the “supply side” of food security and is
determined by the level of food production, stock levels and net trade.
2. Economic and physical access to food
An adequate supply of food at the national or international level does
not in itself guarantee household level food security. Concerns about
insufficient food access have resulted in a greater policy focus on incomes,
expenditure, markets and prices in achieving food security objectives.
3. Food utilization

29
Prof. Mudrajad Kuncoro, Ph. D., Ekonomika Indonesia Dinamika Lingkungan Bisnis di
Tengah Krisis Global, UPP STIM YKPN Yogyakarta, 1st edition, Agustus 2009, p. 177.

30
Overseas Development Institude, ODI Global Hunger and Food Security after the World
Food Summit, Briefing Paper, Portland House, Stag Place, London 6 th March 1997, p. 1.

31
Implementation of the World Food Summit Plan of Action, the FAO Agriculture and
Economic Development Analysis Division Economic and Social Department, p. 23, In the website
httpwww.bvsde.paho.orgtexcomnutricionbooklet_4.pdf accessed on 10-13-2015.

32
Food Security Information for Action Practical Guides, An Introduction to the Basic
Concepts of Food Security published by the EC-FAO Food Security Programme website:
www.foodsec.org. Accessed on 7-9-2015.

14
 Utilization is commonly understood as the way the body makes the
most of various nutrients in the food: Sufficient energy and nutrient intake
by individuals is the result of good care and feeding practices, food
preparation, and diversity of the diet and intra-household distribution of
food. Combined with good biological utilization of food consumed, this
determines the nutritional status of individuals.
4. Stability of the other three dimensions over time
Even if your food intake is adequate today, you are still considered to
be food insecure if you have inadequate access to food on a periodic basis,
risking a deterioration of your nutritional status. Adverse weather
conditions, political instability, or economic factors (unemployment, rising
food prices) may have an impact on your food security status.

Whereas food security in Islamic system untrammeled from Islamic

politic system. Islamic economic politic assured all of primary needs
compliance. Those are primary needs for whole individual and people basic
needs overall, following by possible gurantie for each people to fulfill
secondary and tertiary needs appropriate with ability. Its aplicated go through
syaria economic laws, such as proprietary laws, management and proprietary
development, also property distribution among people.33

Islamic economic perspective in achieving food security aplicated

through three important pillars; those are sufficiency of food with Islamic
Production concept and market mechanism, food availability with distribution
concept dispassionately, and food needs compliance concept by carrying
Islamic consumtion concept.34

33
Gati Vidia, “Executive Summary Mewujudkan Ketahanan Pangan Dalam Perspektif Sistem
Ekonomi Islam”, Laporan Penelitian, p. 4.
34
Lili Rahmawati, “Executive Summary Menguak Gurita Mafia Impor Pangan di Indonesia:
Perspektif Sistem Ekonomi Islam dalam Mewujudkan Ketahanan Pangan”, Laporan Penelitian, p. 18.

15
G. Research method
1. Type of research

This Research uses type of qualitative research with subjective approach

that involves testing and response to enhance the social understanding and
people activities. The chosen type that accord with the problems that are
examined, is eksplore research in libraries study by using descriptive
arguments as data processing that describe indication or events that present.35
Hence it applied to explain how to explore the food security exactly in Islamic
Economic.

2. The method of Collection Data

The writer uses triangulation technique with collecting data

combinatively or simultaneous so then to obtain understanding widely and
deeply toward the concept of food security in Islamic Economic following by
food security issues in the present time.36

3. Data source

The source that is used is divided into two categories; those are primary
data sources and secondary data sources.

a. Primary data sources are the sources that directly relate to research topic
which are consist of Al-Qur’an with its translation and interpretation of
verse that relate to food availability, food accessibility, and food

35
Jill Hussey and Roger Hussey, Business Research A Practical Guide For Undergraduate
and postgraduate Student, New York: Palgrve, 1997, p. 10-12.
36
Prof. Dr. Sugiyono, Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif Kualitatif dan R&D, 11th edition,
Alfabeta Bandung, November 2010, p. 8.

16
 utilization, also several books and journal which spell out more
elaborate leads to research of the concept of food security in Islamic
Economic.
b. Secondary data sources through study books, journals literature,
bachelor theses, thesis, paper, articles and the internet that support to
find latest news accord with food security, so that the problems will be
seen from various literature that then analyzed for taken conclusion.

4. The method of Analysis data

In this study the writter use inductive method to explain about Food
security and its understanding according to Islamic economy basic on facts
that were found. Then be constructed to concept of food security in Islamic
Economic.37

H. Systemic of study
This writing treatise was arranged systematicaly to make it easy for
assessment and the understanding of the problems that exist. The systemic in this
treatise is as follows:
In the first chapter, contains introduction, background of study, formulation
of problems , the purpose and significance of research, methods of research,
literature review and systemic of study. This was intended to scientific paper that
can be responsibilited.
In the second chapter, a theoretical approach to discuss two topics. The first
topic is explain about food definition according to the Law No 18/1996, and the
second is about food security and its analytical that be the problem in the world of
economy now.

37
Ibid, p. 9.

17
 The third chapter will discuss about what is in formulation of problems that
consists of two topics. First topic will be a little about food security in capitalism
and second topics will analyze higher in food security in Islamic Economic
perspective.
And the fourth chapter contains closing that including into conclusion,
advices and suggestions, and list bibliography. This chapter is needed much
because the nucleus of this research that was summed up in it.

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