1

Index

Sl Topic Marks Page No

no
1 questions from Triangles.(theorem) 4 3-9

2 questions from constructions 5 9-16

3 questions from linear eqns (graph) 4 16-21

4 questions from stat (problems) 3 21-28

5 questions from circles(theorem) 3 28-30

6 questions from stat (ogive con) 3 30-34

7 questions from QE (Formula And factn) 2 34-35

8 questions from prob 2 36-37

9 questions from co-ord 2 37-38

10 questions from real no 2 39-39

11 conclusion pass 40-40

2
 4 Marks question from Triangles.
1)Thales Theorem|Basic proportionality Theorem
If a line is drawn parallel to one side of a triangle to intersect the other two
sides in distinct points, the other two sides are divided in the same ratio.

Given: If DE line is drawn parallel to side BC of ∆ ABC to intersect the AB

and AC sides at distinct points D and E.
To prove: AD/DB =AE/EC
Construction: Join BE, Join CD Draw DM ⊥AC, and EN⊥ AB
Proof:
STATEMENTS REASONS

In ADE, Area of Δ = ½ X Base X Height

Area of ADE =½ AD X EN

IN BDE, Area of Δ = ½ X Base X Height

Area of BDE = ½ DB X EN
∆ADE ½ AD X EN
∆BDE = ½ DB X EN
AD
= DB --------(1)

3
Similarly,
In ​ ADE , Area of = ½ X Base X Height
Area of ADE = ½ AE X DM

In DEC Area of =½ X Base X Height

Area of DEC = ½ EC X DM

∆ADE ½ AE X DM
∆DEC = ½ EC X DM

AE
=​​ EC --------(1)

Two triangles BDE And DEC are on the

same base ​DC​​ and between parallel lines DE
BC.
ar(BDE) = ar(DEC )​​-----------------(3)

From (1) ,(2) AND (3) WE GET

AD/DB = AE/EC

4
THEOREM- 2
2)The ratio of the areas of two similar triangles is equal to the square of the
ratio of their corresponding sides

Given: ABC and PQR are similar triangles such that

Δ ABC ~ Δ PQR
ar(ABC)
To prove: ar(P QR) ​= PABQ ( PABQ )2 =( BC
QR
)2 = ( CA
RP )
2

Construction;Draw altitudes AM and PN

Proof:
STATEMENTS REASONS

Area of ABC = ½ BC X AM Area of =½ X Base X Height

Area of PQR = ½ QR X PN Area of =½ X Base X Height

ar ∆ABC ½ BCX AM
ar ∆P QR = ½ QR X P N

BC X AM ------------(1)
=​​ QR X P N --------

Δ ABC ~ Δ PQR
In ​ Δ ABM , and Δ PQN
<B = <Q

5
 <M = <N Each angle is 90

Δ ABC ~ Δ PQR AA criteria

Therefore,AM/PN = -----------------(2)
AB/PQ----------- Given
also,​ Δ ABC ~ Δ PQR -------------------(3)
so,AB/PQ = BC/QR =CA
/RP-----------------
ar ∆ABC ABX AM
ar ∆P QR = P Q X P N
AB X AB
=​​ PQ X PQ

=​​( PABQ )2

Now using (3), we get

ar(ABC)
ar(P QR) ​= PABQ ( PABQ )2 =( BC
QR
)2 =
2
( CA
RP )

3)Pythagoras Theorem
In a right triangle, the square of the hypotenuse is equal to the sum of the
squares of the other two sides

Given:ABC is right angled triangle,right angled at B

2
To prove : AC 2 = AB + BC 2
Construction:Draw BD ⊥ AC

6
STATEMENTS REASONS

Δ ABC ~ Δ PQR If a perpendicular is drawn

from the vertex of the right
angle of a right triangle to the
hypotenuse then triangles on
both sides of the
perpendicular are similar to
the whole triangle and to each
other

So, AD/AB = AB/AC Sides are proportional

AD X AC = AB 2 ----------------------------(1)

ALSO, Δ BDC ~ Δ ABC If a perpendicular is drawn

from the vertex of the right
angle of a right triangle to the
hypotenuse then triangles on
both sides of the
perpendicular are similar to
the whole triangle and to each
other

So, CD/BC = BC/AC

CD X AC = BC 2 ------------------(2)

Adding (1) and (2)

2
AD X AC + CD X AC = AB + BC 2
2
AC (AD +CD) = AB + BC 2
2
AC X AC = AB + BC 2
2
AC 2 = AB + BC 2

7
4)Converse of pythagoras theorem.
In a triangle, if square of one side is equal to the sum of the squares of the
other two sides, then the angle opposite the first side is a right angle.

2
Given:In Δ ABC, AC 2 = AB + BC 2
To prove : <B =90
Construction: draw Δ PQR right angled at Q such that PQ = AB and QR =
BC
Proof:,
STATEMENTS REASONS

From Δ PQR, we have; P R2 = pythagoras theorem as

P Q2 + QR2 <Q=90

2
P R2 = AB + BC 2 By construction----------(1)

2
but, AC 2 = AB + BC 2 Given---------------------(2)
so,AC = PR FROM (1) AND (2)-----(3)

8
 Now, in Δ ABC and Δ PQR
AB = PQ By construction
BC =QR By construction
AC =PR From (3)

so, Δ ABC ≅ Δ PQR SSS congruence

Therefore <B = <Q CPCT
By construction
But,<Q =90
So, <B =90

3 Marks question from constructions

1)Construct a triangle with sides 5 cm, 6 cm and 7 cm and then another triangle
whose sides are 7/5 of the corresponding sides of the first triangle.
Justification.
∆ABC~∆A1BC1
Therefore AB/A1B=AC/A1C1=BC/BC1
But BC/BC1=BB5/BB7=5/7
so, BC/BC1 = 7/5 and
Thus A1B/AB =A1C1/AC = BC1/BC =5/7

9
2)​​Construct a triangle of sides 4 cm, 5 cm and 6 cm and then a triangle similar to it
whose sides are of the corresponding sides of the first triangle.

3)Construct an isosceles triangle whose base is 8 cm and altitude 4 cm and then

another triangle whose sides are 1,1/2 times the corresponding sides of the
isosceles triangle.
10
4)Draw a triangle ABC with side BC = 6 cm, AB = 5 cm and <ABC = 60°. Then
construct a triangle whose sides are 3/4 of the corresponding sides of the triangle
ABC.

5)Draw a triangle ABC with side BC = 7 cm, <B = 45°, <A = 105°. Then,
construct atriangle whose sides are 4/3 times the corresponding sides of ABC.

11
6)Draw a right triangle in which the sides (other than hypotenuse) are of lengths 4
cm and3 cm. Then construct another triangle whose sides are 5/3 times the
corresponding sides of the given triangle.

12
7)Let ABC be a right triangle in which AB = 6 cm, BC = 8 cm and < B = 90°. BD
is the perpendicular from B on AC. The circle through B, C, D is drawn. Construct
the tangents from A to this circle

8)Draw a line segment AB of length 8 cm. Taking A as centre, draw a circle of

radius 4 cm and taking B as centre, draw another circle of radius 3 cm. Construct
tangent to each circle from the centre of the other circle

13
9)Draw a circle of radius 3 cm. Take two points P and Q on one of its extended
diameters each at a distance of 7 cm from its centre. Draw tangents to the circle
from these two points P and Q.

10)Construct a tangent to a circle of radius 4 cm from a point on the concentric

circle of radius 6 cm and measure its length. Also verify the measurement by actual
calculation.

14
2 Marks question from constructions

1)Draw a circle of radius 6 cm. From a point 10 cm away from its centre, construct
the pair of tangents to the circle and measure their lengths

2)Draw a pair of tangents to a circle of radius 5 cm which are inclined to each

other at an angle of 60°.
Solution: We have to draw tangents at the ends of two radii which are inclined to
each other at 60+60=120

3)Draw a line segment of length 8 cm and divide it in the ratio 3:2. Measure the
two parts.

15
4 Marks question from pair of linear equations in two
variables.
1)solve graphically
x+3y = 6
2x-3y =12

x 1 2 3
y 5/3=1.6 4/3 =1.3 1

x 1 2 3
y -10/3=-3.3 -8/3=-2.6 -6/3 =-2

2)solve graphically
X+3y =6
3y =6-x

16
 6−x
Y= 3 Y = 6−x
3 Y= 6−x
3
6−1
= 3 = 6−2
3 = 6−3
3
5
= 3 = 34 = 33
2x -3y =12
-3y =12-2x
Y = 12−2x
−3
Y = 12−2x
−3
Y = 12−2x
−3

12−2(1) 12−2(2) 12−2(3)

Y = −3 Y = −3 Y = −3
Y = 12−2
−3
Y = 12−4
−3
Y = 12−6
−3
10 8 6
Y = −3 Y = −3 Y = −3

Lines are intersecting and having exactly one solution.

17
2)Solve graphically x+y =5
2x+2Y =10

x 1 2 3
y 4 3 2

x 1 2 3
y 4 3 4
x+y =5
Y = 5- x
Y = 5 -x Y = 5 -x Y = 5 -x
=5 - 1 = 5-2 =5-3
=4 =3 = 2

2x+2Y =10
2y =10 - 2x
10 −2x 10 −2x
Y = 10 −2x
2 ​ Y= 2 Y= 2
10 −2(1) 10 −2(2) 10 −2(3)
= 2 = 2 = 2
= 102−2 = 10 −4
2 = 102−6
= 82 =4 = 6
2 =3 = 42 =2

18
Lines are coincident and having infinitely many solutions.

3)Solve graphically 2x-2y =2

4x-4Y =5

x 1 2 3
y 0 1 2

x 1 2 3

19
y -¼ =-0.25 ¾ =0.75 7/4 =1.75

2x-2y =2
-2y =2-2x
y = ( 2 −2
−2x
) y = ( 2 −2
−2x
) y = ( 2 −2
−2x
)

2 −2(1) 2 −2(2) 2 −2(3)

y= ( −2 ) y= ( −2 ) y= ( −2 )

y = ( 2−2
−2
) y = ( 2−2
−4
) y = ( 2−2
−6
)

0
y = ( −2 ) y = ( −2
−2 ) y = ( −4
−2 )
y= 0 y=1 y=2
4x -4y= 5
-4y = 5-4x
y = ( 5 −4
−4x
) y = ( 5 −4
−4x
) y = ( 5 −4
−4x
)

5 −4(1) 5 −4(2) 5 −4(3)

y= ( −4 ) y= ( −4 ) y= ( −4 )

5 −8)
y = ( 5−4
−4
) y= ( −4 ) y = ( 5 −12
−4 )

20
 −3)
1
y = ( −4 ) y = ( −4 ) y = ( −7
−4 )
Y =-¼ y=¾ y =1.75

Lines are parallel and having infinitely no solutions

Solve graphically(Try these on your own)
1) x – 2y = 0
3x + 4y – 20 = 0
. 2)2x + 3y – 9 = 0
4x + 6y – 18 = 0
.3) x + 2y – 4 = 0
2x + 4y – 12 = 0
3 marks questions from statistics
Find mean from following data.
Number of plants 0-2 2-4 4-6 6-8 8 - 10 10 - 12 12 -
14
Number of houses 1 2 1 5 6 2 3

21
1)DIRECT METHOD
CI fi xi xifi
0-2 1 0 ​1​ 2 1X1=1 x = Σxif
Σf i
i

2-4 2 2 ​ 3​​ 4 3X2=6

4-6 1 4 ​5​ 6 5X1=5 x = 162
20
5 6 ​ 7​​ 8 7 X 5 = 35
6-8
6 8 ​ 9​​ 10 9 X 6 = 54 x =8.1
8 -10 2 10 ​ 11​​ 12 11 X 2 =22
10 - 12 3 12 ​13​​ 14 13 X 3 = 39
12 - 14

Σf i = Σxif i = 162

2)ASSUMED MEAN METHOD

CI fi xi di difi
0-2 1 0 ​1​ 2 1-7=-6 -6 X 1 =-6
2-4 2 2 ​ 3​​ 4 3-7=-4 -4 X 2 = -8 -16
4-6 1 4 ​5​ 6 5-7=-2 -2 X 1 =-2
5 6 ​ 7​​ 8 7-7=0 0 X 5 =0
6-8
6 8 ​ 9​​ 10 9-7=+2 2 X 6 =12
8 -10 2 10 ​ 11​​ 12 11-7=+4 4 X 2 =8 38
10 - 12 3 12 ​13​​ 14 13-7=+6 6 X 3 18
12 - 14

Σf i = 2 Σdif i = 22
Σxif i
x =A+ Σf i

x = 7+ 22
20

22
x =7 + 1.1

x = 8.1
3)STEP DEVIATION METHOD

CI fi xi di di/h
0-2 1 0 ​1​ 2 1-7=-6 -6 X 1 =-6/2 =-3
2-4 2 2 ​ 3​​ 4 3-7=-4 -4 X 2 = -8/2 = -4 -8
4-6 1 4 ​5​ 6 5-7=-2 -2 X 1 =-2/2 = -1
5 6 ​ 7​​ 8 7-7=0 0 X 5 =0/2 = 0
6-8
6 8 ​ 9​​ 10 9-7=+2 2 X 6 =12/2 =6
8 -10 2 10 ​ 11​​ 12 11-7=+4 4 X 2 =8/2 = 4 +19
10 - 12 3 12 ​13​​ 14 13-7=+6 6 X 3= 18/2 =9
12 - 14

Σf i = 2 Σdif i = 11
Σxif i
x =A+ Σf i Xh

x = 7+ 11
20 X2

x =7 + .55 X 2
x = 7.1 + 1.1
x = 8.1
1) Find the mean from the following data.​(Try these on your own)

Number of heartbeats 65 - 68 68 - 71 71 - 74 74 - 77 77 - 80 80 - 83 83 - 86

per minute

Number of women 2 4 3 8 7 4 2

2)Find the mean from the following data.

Number of mangoes 50 - 52 53 - 55 56 - 58 59 - 61 62 - 64

Number of Boxes 15 110 135 115 25

3)​Find the mean from the following data.

23
Daily expenditure 100 - 150 150 - 200 200 - 250 250 - 300 300 - 350

(in `) Number of households 4 5 12 2 2

4)Find the mean from the following data

Concentration of SO2 -0.00 - 0.04 0.04 - 0.08 0.08 - 0.12 0.12 - 0.16 0.16 - 0.20 0.20 0.24 2

(in ppm)

Frequency 4 9 9 2 4 2

5)Find the mean from the following data

Number of 0-6 6 - 10 10 - 14 14 - 20 20 - 28 28 - 38 38 - 40

Days

Number of students 11 10 7 4 4 3 1

6)Find the mean from the following data

Literacy rate (in %) 45 - 55 55 - 65 65 - 75 75 - 85 85 - 95

Number of cities 3 10 11 8 3

4)Find the mode of this data.

Family size 1-3 3-5 5-7 7-9 9 - 11
Number of families 7 8 2 2 1

CI f
1-3 7 ​fo
3-5 8 f1
5-7 2 ​ f2
7-9 2
9-11 1
Model class 3-5
Lower limit 3
Higher limit 5
24
Class size 3-1 =2

f 1−f 0
Mode = l + ( 2f 1 −f 0 −f 2 ) h
= 3+( 2(8)8−7−7 −2 ) 2
1
= 3 + ( 16 −7 −2 ) 2

1
=3+( 16 −9 )2

= 3 + ( 71 ) 2

= 3 + ( 72 )
= 3 + .286
= 3.286
1)Find mode of the given data.​(Try the following on your own)

Runs scored Number of batsmen

3000 - 4000 4

4000 - 5000 18

5000 - 6000 9

6000 - 7000 7

7000 - 8000 6

8000 - 9000 3

9000 - 10000 1

10000 - 11000 1

2)Find the mode of the given data

Number of cars 0 - 10 10 - 20 20 - 30 30 - 40 40 - 50 50 - 60 60 - 70 70 - 80

Frequency 7 14 13 12 20 11 15 8

3)Find the mode of the following data.

25
Length (in mm) 118 - 126 127 - 135 136 - 144 145 - 153 154 - 162 163 - 171 172 - 180

Number of leaves 3 5 9 12 5 4 2

4) Find the mode of the following data.

Life time (in hours) Number of lamps

1500 - 2000 14

2000 - 2500 56

2500 - 3000 60

3000 - 3500 86

3500 - 4000 74

4000 - 4500 62

4500 - 5000 48

5)Find the mode from the following data.

Weight (in kg) 40 - 45 45 - 50 50 - 55 55 - 60 60 - 65 65 - 70 70 - 75

Number of students 2 3 8 6 6 3 2

5)Find median of the following data​​.

Marks Number of
students
0-10 5
10-20 3
20-30 4
30-40 3
40-50 3

26
50-60 4
60-70 7
70-80 9
80-90 7
90-100 8

1)Less than type

Marks ci Number of cf
students f
10 5 5
20 3 5+3 = 8
30 4 8+ 4 =12
40 3 12+3 =15
50 3 15 + 3 =18
60 4 18 + 4 =​22
60-70 7 22+ 7 =​​29
80 9 29 +9 =38
90 7 38 + 7 =45
100 8 45 + 8 =53
n/2 = 53/2 = 26 .5

where l = 60
n = 53
cf = 29
f=7
27
h = 10
( n2− cf )
Median = l + f h
53
( − 22)
= 60 + 2 7 10
(26.5− 22)
= 60 + 7 10
(4.5)
= 60 + 7 10
(45)
= 60 + 7
(45)
= 60 + 7
= 60 + 6.4
= 66.4
Try the following on your own
1)The lengths of 40 leaves of a plant are measured correct to the nearest
millimetre, and the data obtained is represented in the following table :
Length (in mm) Number of leaves
118 - 126 3
127 - 135 5
136 - 144 9
145 - 153 12
154 - 162 5
163 - 171 4
172 - 180 2
2)The following table gives the distribution of the life time of 400 neon
lamps : Find the median life time of a lamp

Life time (in hours) Number of lamps

1500 - 2000 14
2000 - 2500 56
2500 - 3000 60
3000 - 3500 86
3500 - 4000 74
4000 - 4500 62
4500 - 5000 48
3 marks question from circles.
THEOREM-1
The lengths of tangents drawn from an external point to a circle are equal

28
Given: O is the circle , P is a point lying outside the circle and two
tangents PQ, PR on the circle from P .
To prove : PQ = PR.
Construction:we join OP, OQ and OR
Proof:

Statement Reasons
<OQP = <ORP = 90 angles between the radii and
tangents

In right triangles OQP and ORP

OQ = QR Radii of the same circle
OP = OP Common
Therefore, Δ OQP ≅ Δ ORP RHS

PQ = PR CPCT

THEOREM-2

The tangent at any point of a circle is perpendicular to the radius through

the point of contact.

Given; O is the circle and XY is the tangent to the circle at a point P.

29
To prove:OP ⊥ XY
Construction ; Take a point Q on XY other than P and join OQ

Statement Reasons
OP = OQ Radii of same circle

OQ = OR + RQ
OQ> OR
OQ>OP
True for any point on XY
So, OP Is shortest distance Shortest distance is always
And OP ⊥ XY perpendicular.

3 marks question from statistics.

Marks Number of students
​0 - 10 5
10 - 20 3
20 - 30 4
30 - 40 3
40 - 50 3
50 - 60 4
60 - 70 7
70 - 80 9
80 - 90 7
90 - 100 8
1)less than method

Marks CI Number of cf
students f
10 5 5
20 3 5 + 3 =8
30 4 8 + 4 =12

30
40 3 12 + 3 =15
50 3 15 + 3 = 18
60 4 18 + 4 = 22
70 7 22 + 7 = 29
80 9 29 + 9 = 38
90 7 38 + 7 = 45
100 8 45 + 8 =53

2)More than method

Marks CI Number of cf
students f
0 5 53
10 3 53 - 5 =48
20 4 48 - 3 =45

31
30 3 45 - 4 =41
40 3 41 - 3 = 38
50 4 38 - 3 = 35
60 7 35 - 4 =31
70 9 31 - 7 = 24
80 7 24 - 9 = 15
90 8 15- 7 =8

Try the following on your own

1)Construct ‘ogive’ for the following distribution

C.I 0-3 3-6 6-9 9-12 12-15

32
 F 9 3 5 3 1

2) construct the ogive for the following distribution

Classes 5 - 10 10 - 15 15 - 20 20 - 25 25 - 30 30 - 35 35 - 40

No. of shops 2 12 2 4 3 4 3

3)​construct the ogive for the following distribution

Daily income (in `) 100 - 120 120 - 140 140 - 160 160 -

180 180 - 200

Number of workers 12 14 8 6

10

4)construct the ogive for the following distribution

Weight (in kg) Number of students

Less than 38 0

Less than 40 3

Less than 42 5

Less than 44 9

Less than 46 14

Less than 48 28

Less than 50 32
33
Less than 52 35
5)​construct the ogive for the following distribution

Production yield 50 - 55 55 - 60 60 - 65 65 - 70 70 - 75 75 - 80

(in kg/ha)

Number of farms 2 8 12 24 38 16

6))​construct the ogive for the following distribution

Profit (` in lakhs) Number of shops (frequency)

More than or equal to 5 30

More than or equal to 10 28

More than or equal to 15 16

More than or equal to 20 14

More than or equal to 25 10

More than or equal to 30 7

More than or equal to 35 3

7)construct the ogive for the following distribution

Classes 5 - 10 10 - 15 15 - 20 20 - 25 25 - 30 30 - 35 35 - 40

No. of shops 2 12 2 4 3 4 3

2 marks questions from quadratic equation

1) ​Find the roots of the equation 2x ^2 – 5x + 3 = 0, by factorisation.
2x ^2 – 5x + 3 = 0,
34
 2 X 3 = 6 (multiply coefficients of x^2 and c)
(2 X + 2) ( 2X + 3) = 0
(2 X + 2) = 0 ( 2X + 3) = 0
2 X =-2 2 X =-3
X = -2/2 X = -3/2

Try the following on your own

1) Find the roots of the equation x ^2 – 3x -10 = 0, by factorisation.
2)​ ​Find the roots of the equation 2 x ^2 + x -6 = 0, by factorisation.
3)​ ​Find the roots of the equation 100 x ^2 -20 x + 1 = 0, by factorisation.
4) solve 2x^ 2 – x + 1/ 8 = 0 by factorisation.
2)Find the roots of the quadratic equations, by formula method.
2x^ 2 – 7x + 3 = 0
a=2 b = -7 c = 3

X= −b± √ bˆ 2 −4ac
2a

X= √
−(−7)± (−7)ˆ 2 −4(2)(3)
2(2)

X= √
7± 49−4(6)
4

X= √
7± 49−24
4

X= √
7± 25
4
7+5 12 7−5 2 1
X= 4 = 4 =3 X= 4 = 4 = 2
1)Solve 2x ^ 2 + x – 528 = 0 by using the quadratic formula.
2)Solve 3x ^2 – 5x + 2 = 0 by using the quadratic formula.
3)Solve x^2 + 4x + 5 = 0 by using the quadratic formula
4)Solve 2x^2 – 2 √2 x + 1 = 0 by using the quadratic formula
5)Solve 2x^ 2 – 7x + 3 = 0 by using the quadratic formula
6)Solve 2x^ 2 + x – 4 = 0 by using the quadratic formula
7) solve 4x^2 +4 √3 x +3 =0 by using the quadratic formula
8) solve 2x^ 2 + x + 4 = 0 by using the quadratic formula

35
2 marks questions from probability
1)Harpreet tosses two different coins simultaneously ,What is the probability that she
gets at least one head?
Sample space {HH,HT,TH,TT} =4
Meaning of at least -towards more
Event {HH,HT,TH}
Probability = n(E)
n(S)
= 34
2)Harpreet tosses two different coins simultaneously ,What is the probability that she
gets at most one head?
Sample space {HH,HT,TH,TT} =4
Meaning of at most -towards less
Event {TT,HT,TH}
Probability = n(E)
n(S)
= 34
3)Two dice, one blue and one grey, are thrown at the same time. Write down all the
possible outcomes. What is the probability that the sum of the two numbers appearing
on the top of the dice is 13?
Sample space= {(1,1) (1,2) (1,3) (1,4) (1,5) (1,6)
(2,1) (2,2) (2,3) (2,4) (2,5) (2,6)
(3,1) (3,2) (3,3) (3,4) (3,5) (3,6)
(4,1) (4,2) (4,3)(4,4) (4,5) (4,6)
(5,1) ( 5,2) (5,3) (5,4) (5,5) (5,6)
(6,1) (6,2) (6,3) (6,4) (6,5) ( 6,6)} =36
Event= {}
Probability = n(E)
n(S)
= 36o
=0
4)A bag contains lemon flavoured candies only. Malini takes out one candy without
looking into the bag. What is the probability that she takes out an
a lemon flavoured candy?
Sample space ={lemon flavoured candies} = 1
Event= {lemon flavoured candies} =1
Probability = n(E)
n(S)
= 11 = 1
5)A box contains 5 red marbles, 8 white marbles and 4 green marbles. One marble is
taken out of the box at random. What is the probability that the marble taken out will be
not green?
Sample space ={5 red marbles, 8 white marbles and 4 green marbles} = 17
Event= {5 red marbles, 8 white marbles} =13
Probability = n(E)
n(S)
13
= 17
Try the following on your own
1)A box contains 90 discs which are numbered from 1 to 90. If one disc is drawn at random from

the box, find the probability that it bears a number divisible by 5.

36
2)A lot consists of 144 ball pens of which 20 are defective and the others are good. Nuri will buy a

pen if it is good, but will not buy if it is defective. The shopkeeper draws one pen at random and

gives it to her. What is the probability that She will buy it ?

3)A lot consists of 144 ball pens of which 20 are defective and the others are good. Nuri will buy a

pen if it is good, but will not buy if it is defective. The shopkeeper draws one pen at random and

gives it to her. What is the probability that She will not buy it ?

4)A game consists of tossing a one rupee coin 3 times and noting its outcome each time. Hanif

wins if all the tosses give the same result i.e., three heads or three tails, and loses otherwise.

Calculate the probability that Hanif will lose the game.

5)A die is thrown twice. What is the probability that 5 will not come up either time?

6) A die is thrown twice. What is the probability that 5 will come up at least once?

2 marks questions from coordinate geometry.

1)​Find the coordinates of the point which divides the join of (–1, 7) and (4, –3) in the ratio 2 : 3

X1 = -1 y1 = 7 x2 = 4 y2 = - 3 m =2 n = 3

my2 +ny1
​ ​p(x,y) ={ mx2m+n
+nx1
, m+n }
(2)(4) +(3)(−1) (2)(−3) +(3)(7)
p(x,y) ={ (2)+(3) , (2)+(3) }

p(x,y) ={ 8 5−3 , −6 +21

5 }

p(x,y) ={ 55 , 15
5 }

p(x,y) =(1,3)
2)Determine if the points (1, 5), (2, 3) and (– 2, – 11) are collinear.

1 5 2 3 -2 -11

2 3 -2 -11 1 5

- - + + - -

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

-1 2 4 14 -3 -16
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 2 2
d = √(x2 − x1) + (y2 − y1)
2 2
d = √(− 1) + (2)

d = √1 + 4

d = √5
2 2
d = √(x2 − x1) + (y2 − y1)
2 2
d = √(4) + (14)

d = √16 + 196

d = √212
2 2
d = √(x2 − x1) + (y2 − y1)
2 2
d = √(− 3) + (16)

d = √9 + 256

d = √265

The points are not collinear.because AB+BC =/ CA

2)Check whether (5, – 2), (6, 4) and (7, – 2) are the vertices of an isosceles triangle.

3)Find the coordinates of the point which divides the join of (–1, 7) and (4, –3) in the ratio 2 : 3

4)Find the coordinates of the points of trisection of the line segment joining (4, –1) and (–2, –3).

5)Find the ratio in which the line segment joining the points (– 3, 10) and (6, – 8) is divided by

(– 1, 6)

6)If (1, 2), (4, y), (x, 6) and (3, 5) are the vertices of a parallelogram taken in order, find x and y

7)Find the coordinates of a point A, where AB is the diameter of a circle whose centre is (2, – 3)

and B is (1, 4)

8)Find the area of a rhombus if its vertices are (3, 0), (4, 5), (– 1, 4) and (– 2, – 1) taken in order.

9)Find the area of the triangle whose vertices are : (2, 3), (–1, 0), (2, – 4)

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2 Marks questions from real numbers

1)Show that 5 –​ √3 is irrational.

Let us assume, that 5 –​ √3 is not irrational number

Then it is rational number, and there exist a and b such that

a
5-​ ​ √3 ​ = b a and b are co-prime and b =/ ​0

Rearranging the equation,5 - √3 = ba

LHS, 5 - √3 is rational
a
So RHS,​ b is rational

Which contracts the fact that 5- √3 is irrational.

So, 5 – √3 is irrational.

Try the following on your own.

1) Show that 5 + √3 is irrational.

2)Prove that 3 + √2 ​is irrational.
3)Show that 3 √2 ​ is irrational.
4)Show that ​ 1/ √2 is irrational.
5)Show that 7 √5 ​ ​ is irrational.
6)Show that 6+ √2 ​ is irrational.

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study next time.

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of karnataka.
By Bharati Manur
GHS JALAHALLI
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