Kennedy Hughes

ISM- period 1

“Types of Medical Imaging.” Understanding Medical Radiation, Siemens Healthcare, 10 Oct.

2011, www.medicalradiation.com/types-of-medical-imaging/.

• Molecular imaging is used in nuclear medicine to place cells in the right part of the body.
• X-ray, CT scan, MRI, and ultra sounds use ionizing radiation.
• Ultra sounds use sound waves to see the internal tissues of the body.
• In conventional radiology only 2D images are produced.
• In CT scans the tube and doctor circulate around the body to examine and the result is a
3D image.
• During X-rays the lowest amount of radiation is given.
• Computed tomography can provide detailed images and provide more information
compared to conventional radiology.
• Mammography is a commonly used x-ray to create images of the breast usually used if
the patient has breast cancer.
• Angiography is a type of x-ray that is used to view the blood vessels and organs by the
heart.
• Fluoroscopy is a type of medical imaging used to show a live x-ray of a patient’s internal
structures which appears on a monitor.
• An MRI uses magnetic fields and radiofrequency to see a patient’s internal structures.
• The PET and SPECT imaging devices use a small amount of radioactive called
radiopharmaceutical.
• A biopsy is an invasive surgery that removes tissue under a microscope.
• Advanced x- ray machines contain a small dosage of radiation in order the protect the
body.
• The disruption patterns of a PET or SPECT help the doctor understand how the body’s
tissues are functioning.

The source was very detailed about my research topic the different types of radiology, it
explained various types of medical imaging in radiology it also explained the parts of the body
that the imaging affected.
 Kennedy Hughes

ISM- period 1

“History of Radiology.” History, www.nde-

ed.org/EducationResources/CommunityCollege/Radiography/Introduction/history.htm.

• X-rays were discovered in 1895 by Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen

• He discovered the ray could pass the solid objects such as metal or paper.
• Roentgen discovered that x-rays could pass through human tissues and experimented on
his wife Mary Roentgen.
• 6 months after Roentgen discovered the x-ray they were being used by physicians to help
wounded soldiers in the war.
• In 1931 (GEC) the General Electrical Company developed the 1,000,000 X-ray volt
generators became an effective tool for the radiology industry.
• Shortly after the discovery of X-rays a scientist Henri Becquerel discovered natural
radioactivity which is the production of rays used with Fluorescence (sunlight).
• Multiple scientist such as Thomas Edison, William J. Morton, and Nikola Tesla
discovered the first health hazards of the x-ray such as eye irritations.
• In 1913 the scientist Coolidge invented vacuum x-rays.
• Pubic fancy was discovered when an invisible ray had the ability to pass through solid
matter with a photographic plate, they also discovered that it could see through bones and
interior body parts.
• The X-ray became very popular and was shortly used outside of medicine and dentistry.
• Roentgens discovery lead to many advances in radiology, scientist duplicated his
discovery with the cathode tube.
• Several medical radiographs were created in the United and Europe which very used by
surgeons to help guide them.
• In 1946 man made gamma rays were used in world war ll , gamma ray resources such as
cobalt and iridium became available.

The reference book for professionals was very informative, it talked about all the discoveries and
gave very detailed informative about how the x-ray has evolved from today.
 Kennedy Hughes

ISM- period 1

Newman, Tim. “Are X-Rays Really Safe.” Medical News Today, 9 Jan. 2018.

https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/219970.php

• X-rays can cause a mutation in our DNA.

• X-rays can lead to future cancer therefore they are classified as a carcinogen.
• In the U.S .4 % of cancers stem from CT scans.
• By 75 years of age you are at more risk of cancer by using radiation.
• Exposure at radiation can cause hair loss.
• Radiation can also cause the loss the skin cells.
• CT scans can triple the result as brain cancer such in children.
• CT scans are also very vulnerable to leukemia in children.
• X-rays with a high dose of radiation can cause bleeding and fainting.
• After the X-ray is complete it could cause you to vomit.
• CT scans are more likely to give off a medical condition rather than an X-ray.
• X-rays are a natural type of radiation.
• Radioactive material is usually found in natural resources such as air, soil, rock and
vegetation.
• At least 62 million CT scans are carried out every day in the U.S.
• Children are more likely to get cancer from radiation than adults are.
• Side affects of radiation are less likely to appear than cancer.
• X-rays can help to treat tumors and find blood clots which could greatly affect your body.
• Pregnant women are at high risk when using radiation to a poor developing fetus.
• The contrasting affect radiation can cause headaches or nausea.
• This is uncommon, but hives or itchiness can result from radiation,

The source was very defiant about what radiation can do to your body, it also explained what
different types of radiology can affect your body and the specific type of disease or illness,
However, the article could have been more detailed about x-rays.