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PRE-
ENGINEERED
BUILDING
HARSHI GARG
4B
ABSTRACT The designs were ready-made but the building
components were either ready-made or
Pre-Engineered Building concept involves the steel manufactured against specific orders. These
building systems which are predesigned and buildings were predesigned or 'pre-engineered'
prefabricated .The present construction into standard sizes, spans, bays and heights, and
methodology calls for the best aesthetic look, high use standard details for fixing cladding, roofing,
quality & fast construction, cost effective & gutters, flashing, windows, doors etc. taking
innovative touch. One has to think for alternative advantage of industrial practices of mass
construction system like pre-engineered steel production of components economically.
buildings. In recent years, the introduction of Pre
Engineered Building (PEB) concept in the design of 2. CONCEPT
structures has helped in optimizing design. The
adoptability of PEB in the place of Conventional
Steel Building (CSB) design concept resulted in 2.1 Pre Engineered Buildings
many advantages, including economy and easier
fabrication. This review is focused on the Pre-Engineered Building concept involves the
obstructing issues in pre-engineered building steel building systems which are predesigned and
technology by the new emerging companies in prefabricated. As the name indicates, this concept
India and the critical success factors that are involves pre-engineering of structural elements
involved in these systems. Also, the contribution of using a predetermined registry of building
pre-engineered building systems in India in the materials and manufacturing techniques that can
economic growth of country through various be proficiently complied with a wide range of
applications is stated briefly. structural and aesthetic design requirements. The
basis of the PEB concept lies in providing the
section at a location only according to the
1. INTRODUCTION requirement at that spot. The sections can be
varying throughout the length according to the
Technological improvement over the year has bending moment diagram. This leads to the
contributed immensely to the enhancement of utilization of non-prismatic rigid frames with
quality of life through various new products and slender elements. Tapered I sections made with
services. One such revolution was the pre– built-up thin plates are used to achieve this
engineered buildings. Steel industry is growing configuration. Standard hot-rolled sections, cold-
rapidly in almost all the parts of the world. The use formed sections, profiled roofing sheets, etc. is
of steel structures is not only economical but also also used along with the tapered sections. The
eco-friendly at the time when there is a threat of use of optimal least section leads to effective
global warming. Pre-engineered buildings are saving of steel and cost reduction. The typical PEB
nothing but steel buildings in which excess steel is frame of the structure is as shown in the Figure.
avoided by tapering the sections as per the
bending moment’s requirement. One may think
about its possibility, but it’s a fact many people are
not aware about Pre Engineered Buildings. If we go
for regular steel structures, time frame will be
more, and also cost will be more, and both
together i.e. time and cost, makes it uneconomical.
Thus in pre-engineered buildings, the total design
is done in the factory, and as per the design,
members are prefabricated and then transported
to the site where they are erected in a time less
than 6 to 8 weeks. Pre-engineered buildings are
those which are fully fabricated in the factory after
designing, shipped to site in CKD (completely
knocked down) condition; and all components are
assembled and erected at site with nut bolts,
thereby reducing the time of completion
2.2 Conventional Steel Buildings PEB Buildings have high quality paint systems for
cladding and steel to suit ambient conditions at the
Conventional steel buildings (CSB) are low rise site, which in turn gives long durability and low
steel structures with roofing systems of truss with maintenance coats. Buildings are supplied with
roof coverings. Various types of roof trusses can be polyurethane insulated panels or fiber glass
used for these structures depending upon the blankets insulation to achieve required “U” values
pitch of the truss. For large pitch, Fink type truss (overall heat transfer coefficient). Steel members
can be used; for medium pitch, Pratt type truss can are brought to site in CKD conditions, thereby
be used and for small pitch, Howe type truss can avoiding cutting and welding at site. As PEB sections
be used. Skylight can be provided for day lighting are lighter in weight, the small members can be very
and for more day lighting, quadrangular type truss easily assembled, bolted and raised with the help of
can be used. The selection criterion of roof truss cranes. This allows very fast construction and
also includes the slope of the roof, fabrication and reduces wastage and labor requirement.
transportation methods, aesthetics, climatic
conditions, etc. Several compound and 3.1 Most Notable Advantages of modern
combination type of economical roof trusses can PEB
also be selected depending upon the utility.
Standard hot-rolled sections are usually used for • Economical Construction
the truss elements along with gusset plates. The • Fast construction time
CSB frame of the structure considered in the study • Low Maintenance cost
is as shown in Figure. • Infinite choice of layouts
• Earth quake resistance
• Ease of Future Expansions
• Unique Aesthetic Appeal
• Larger Clear Spans
CONCLUSION
• Pre-engineered steel structures building offers
low cost, strength, durability, design flexibility,
adaptability and recyclability.
• Steel is the basic material that is used in the
materials that are used for Pre-engineered steel
building. It negates from regional sources. Infinitely
recyclable, steel is the material that reflects the
imperatives of sustainable development.
• Most attractive economy in civil engineering
construction can be achieved by optimum use of
steel of high grade and composite form of
construction with improved materials.
• But, there are some aspects that are needed to
be addressed in the immediate future:
1. PEBs needs a huge initial investment.
2. Indian education has most of the focus on RCC
buildings in course curriculum and hence
advancement in steel construction is ignored.
3. Fire-fighting protocols in steel buildings have to
improve as per the customer's concern.
4. IS codes should be modified as the sections
selected are found to be heavier mostly.
MEMBERS WITH
EXTENSIONS
18 RINGED MEMBERS WITH
EXTENDED CANOPIES
10 RINGED MEMBERS 10 RINGED MEMBERS
420MM
PURLINS
PERLINS ARE MEMBERS THAT RUN
PERPENDICULAR TO THE RINGED FRAME
AND CONNECT ALL INDIVIDUAL RINGS
TOGETHER
I-SECTION
CHHATARPUR= HB 400
METRO STATION, BRACING BETWEEN CURVED
MASS = 77.4 kg/m
DELHI MEMBERS
SECTIONAL AREA =
98.7 SQ.CM.
CROSS BRACING IS DONE
BETWEEN CURVED MEMBERS TO
ADD STRENGTH .
METAL RAILS
WELDED ON
THE RINGS