UNIT 4

Cause and Effect

Assignment 1

GROUP 4 / 2B – DIV Chemical Engineering

1. Chalista Octavianty L.T (1641420057)
2. Cut Ariska Nur Layliyah (1641420048)
3. Rahmanda Febrianto (1641420005)
4. Robi’atul Adawiyah (1641420036)

State Polytechnic of Malang

Jl. Soekarno Hatta No. 9 Malang 65141
Telp : (0341) 404424, 404425, Fax. (0341) 404420
http://www.polinema.ac.id
 A.
No Cause Problem Effect

1 Lack of water absorption Mass starvation

2 Use of excessive water Arise many seeds of disease

3 Lack of water resources Droughts Many animals are dead

4 Only a handful of artificial water reservoirs There was a forest fire

5 The dry season is too long Reduced oxygen content in the air

B.
1. Introduction to the topic
A drought is a period of below-average precipitation in a given region,
resulting in prolonged shortages in the water supply, whether atmospheric, surface
water or ground water. A drought can last for months or years, or may be declared
after as few as 15 days. Drought is a natural disaster that usually lasts slowly. It is
often difficult to decide when the dry season starts and sometimes when it ends
too.

2. The Causes of Drought

The first cause of the drought is the lack of water absorption due to the
number of trees cut down illegally. When the number of trees decrease, the
absorbed water also decrease. So the ground water also decrease. And it can cause
drought.
The second cause of drought is uses of excessive water. This happens
because of the increasing number of residents and irregular lifestyles, such as not
turning off the tap water even though the container tub is full. So that it can drain
the ground water reserves.
The third cause of drought is the lack of water sources. This happens
because the amount of ground water is reduced. Then it make the water resources
also decrease and it is difficult to get clean water.
 The next cause of drought is the lack of artificial water reservoirs. This
artificial water reservoir will help the storage of water reserves that can be used
during the dry season. so there will be no drought
The the last cause of drought is the long dry season. The long dry season
causes the groundwater decrease. This happens because the groundwater comes
from rainwater that is absorbed by trees. If the dry season is too long then no
water supply so the amount of ground water will be reduced.

3. The Impacts of Drought

The the first impact of drought is mass starvation. This happen because the
availability of water for agriculture will be reduced so that many of the plant will
die. And it has an impact on the decrease of food sources resulting in mass
starvation.
The second impact of drought is causing many diseases. This happens
because the supply of water for daily needs such as cooking, washing and bathing
will be reduced. For example if it is not water and we can not take a bath, so it
will cause the body become dirty and many germs will stick. So it causes skin
diseases, such as itching .
The third impact of drought can make many animals die. This happens
because animals will become dehydrated, starved and will indirectly affect the
health of the animal itself.
The fourth impact of drought is forest fires. This happens because the
branches of trees will rub against each other and coupled with the hot weather,
then the friction between branches will cause a spark.
The fifth impact of dryness is reduced oxygen content in the air. This
happens because oxygen comes from trees. When drought many trees are dead
then no one can produce oxygen so that the oxygen content in the air will be
reduced
C. Questions and Answers
1. What do you know about drought ?
Answer : Drought is a period of below-average precipitation in a given region,
resulting in prolonged shortages in the water supply, whether atmospheric, surface
water or ground water.
2. How long does drought happens?
Answer : Drought happens for months or years, or may be declared after as few as
15 days.
3. What is the effect of cutting trees illegally?
Answer : The effect of cutting down trees illegally is causing the absorbed water
decrease so make the groundwater also decrease and can make dr/ought.
4. Why can the artificial water reservoirs help to prevent the drought
Answer : Because artificial water reservoirs a storage of water reserves that can
be used during the dry season.
5. What is the relation of the occurrence of drought with mass starvation?
Answer : The relation of the occurrence of drought with mass starvation is when
drought happens the availability of water for agriculture will be reduced so that
many of the plant will die. And it has an impact on the decrease of food sources
resulting in mass starvation.
6. Why can drought make forest fires?
Answer : Drought can make forest fires because the branches of trees will rub
against each other and coupled with the hot weather, then the friction between
branches will cause a spark.
7. What happens if many trees die during drought?
Answer : The oxygen content in the air will reduce.