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. DF1272

LAUNDRY ROOM
In mid- Scale/ Up Scale-/Luxury

Design and fitting out


NEW BUILDINGS OR REFURBISHMENTS

TECHNICAL RULES AND FUNCTIONAL CONSTRAINTS

International Edition – February 2009 – V .2.0

This document is intended for the use of designers and constructors


for the preparation, by them, of their project specifications.

ACCOR has published this document for the construction of its own projects, its distribution
or reproduction for other purposes is not permitted.

Page 1 of 69
CONTENTS

1 INTRODUCTION 5
2 THE SANITARY SAFETY OF LINEN 6
2.1 THE “WAY FORWARD “CONCEPT ....................................................................................................................6
2.2 BARRIER LAUNDRY: HYGIENE AND ORGANISATION ....................................................................................7
2.3 HACCP ...............................................................................................................................................................8
3 STAFF COMFORT, HEALTH AND SAFETY 9
3.1 STAFF COMFORT..............................................................................................................................................9
3.1.1 WORKING CONDITIONS ...........................................................................................................................9
3.1.2 AMBIENT TEMPERATURE.........................................................................................................................9
3.1.3 NOISE LEVEL .........................................................................................................................................9
3.1.4 CLEAR CEILING HEIGHT ..........................................................................................................................9
3.1.5 VIEW TO THE OUTSIDE AND NATURAL LIGHT .............................................................................................9
3.1.6 ARTIFICIAL LIGHTING ..............................................................................................................................9
3.2 STAFF HYGIENE................................................................................................................................................9
3.3 STAFF SAFETY................................................................................................................................................10
3.3 STAFF SAFETY................................................................................................................................................10
3.3.1 ELECTRICAL SAFETY ............................................................................................................................10
3.3.2 NON-SLIP FLOOR .................................................................................................................................10
4 SAFETY AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT CRITERIA 11
4.1 FIRE SAFETY ...................................................................................................................................................11
4.1.1 STAFF EMERGENCY EXITS ....................................................................................................................11
4.1.2 ISOLATION OF ROOMS ..........................................................................................................................11
4.1.3 FLOOR, WALL AND CEILING FINISHES .....................................................................................................11
4.2 GAS SAFETY IN THE LAUNDRY .....................................................................................................................12
4.2.1 GAS SUPPLY .......................................................................................................................................12
4.2.2 GAS DETECTION ..................................................................................................................................12
4.2.3 AUTOMATIC SAFETY DEVICES ................................................................................................................12
4.3 SECURITY (INTRUSION, THEFT AND ATTACK).............................................................................................12
4.3.1 ACCESS CONTROL ...............................................................................................................................12
4.3.2 LOCKING OF THE AREAS .......................................................................................................................12
5 SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT 13
6 DIRECTIVES FOR THE DESIGN OF A PROJECT 14
6.1 THE DESIGN BRIEF.........................................................................................................................................14
6.2 LAUNDRY PREMISES LIST .............................................................................................................................14
6.3 GOOD PRACTICE AND THE LINEN CIRCUIT .................................................................................................15
6.4 RABC METHOD:...............................................................................................................................................16
6.5 LAUNDRY DESIGN ..........................................................................................................................................17
6.5.1 LAUNDRY CONSULTANT ........................................................................................................................17
6.5.2 CHOICE OF ENERGY SOURCES ..............................................................................................................17
6.5.3 LIMITS TO THE EXTENT OF WORKS .........................................................................................................17
6.5.4 CONNECTION TO UTILITIES....................................................................................................................17
7 POSITIONING & LAYOUT OF THE ROOMS 18
7.1 POSITIONING IN THE BUILDING.....................................................................................................................18
7.2 CIRCULATION FLOWS FOR STAFF AND TROLLEYS ....................................................................................19
7.2.1 HORIZONTAL CIRCULATION ...................................................................................................................19
7.2.2 SERVICE LIFTS ....................................................................................................................................19
7.2.3 VEHICLE ACCESS AND SERVICE COURTYARD ..........................................................................................19
8 SETTING OUT AND FITTING OUT OF ASSOCIATED AREAS 20
8.1.1 RUBBISH ROOMS AND AREAS ................................................................................................................20
8.1.2 LAUNDRY ZONE ELECTRICAL DISTRIBUTION BOARD .................................................................................20
8.1.3 AIR COMPRESSORS FOR IRONS AND DRESS-FORMS ................................................................................20
8.1.4 STAFF CLOAKROOMS AND TOILETS ........................................................................................................20
9 CONTROL OVER NUISANCES FROM LAUNDRIES 21
9.1 ACOUSTIC CRITERIA ......................................................................................................................................21
9.1.1 RISK OF SMELLS ..................................................................................................................................21
9.1.2 RISKS IN CONNECTION WITH PERCHLOROETHYLENE (PERC)...................................................................21
9.1.3 RISKS OF WATER CONTAMINATION ........................................................................................................21
9.1.4 PROTECTION OF DRINKING WATER SERVICES .........................................................................................21
9.1.5 REPLACEMENT OF PERC.....................................................................................................................21
9.1.5.1 Alternatives to Perchloroethylene 21
9.2 ANALYSIS OF THE DESIGN DATA..................................................................................................................23
9.2.1 FOR THE GENERAL DESIGN ...................................................................................................................23
9.2.2 FOR THE TECHNICAL DESIGN ................................................................................................................23
9.2.3 AND, IN THE CASE OF AN EXISTING BUILDING ..........................................................................................23
10 STRUCTURAL REQUIREMENTS 24
10.1 STRUCTURAL FLEXIBILITY OF THE LAUNDRY ZONE ..................................................................................24
10.1.1 BASES OF CALCULATION.......................................................................................................................24

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10.1.2 THERMAL INSULATION OF THE BUILDING.................................................................................................24
10.1.3 FLOOR TO THE LAUNDRY ZONE .............................................................................................................24
10.2 EXTERNAL JOINERY.......................................................................................................................................26
10.2.1 W INDOWS IN THE LAUNDRY ZONE ..........................................................................................................26
10.2.2 VENTILATION GRILLES IN THE EXTERNAL WALLS......................................................................................26
10.2.3 EXTERNAL DOORS ...............................................................................................................................26
11 INTERNAL FITTING-OUT 27
11.1 PARTITIONS AND DOORS ..............................................................................................................................27
11.1.1 PARTITIONS ........................................................................................................................................27
11.1.2 ENTRANCE DOORS...............................................................................................................................27
11.1.3 INTERNAL DOORS ................................................................................................................................27
11.2 ASSOCIATED AREAS ......................................................................................................................................28
11.2.1 CLEANING PRODUCT STORE: ................................................................................................................28
11.2.2 NEW LINEN STORE ...............................................................................................................................28
11.2.3 COMPRESSOR ROOM ...........................................................................................................................28
11.2.4 HOUSEKEEPER’S OFFICE .....................................................................................................................28
11.2.5 DRY-CLEANING ....................................................................................................................................28
11.2.6 DRY CLEANING PRODUCT STORE:..........................................................................................................28
11.2.7 SPECIFIC PARTITIONING FOR THE EQUIPMENT ........................................................................................28
11.3 FLOORS, WALLS AND CEILINGS....................................................................................................................29
11.3.1 SCHEDULE OF FINISHES .......................................................................................................................29
11.3.2 ARRANGEMENTS TO FACILITATE CLEANING ............................................................................................29
11.3.3 TILED FLOORING ..................................................................................................................................30
11.3.4 SKIRTINGS ..........................................................................................................................................30
11.3.5 TILED BASES .......................................................................................................................................30
11.3.6 FLOOR GULLIES AND CHANNELS ............................................................................................................31
11.3.7 W ALLS IN THE LAUNDRY ZONE ..............................................................................................................31
11.3.8 TRIM AT WALLANGLES ..........................................................................................................................31
11.3.9 PROTECTION OF WALLS .......................................................................................................................31
11.3.10 CEILINGS ............................................................................................................................................32
11.3.11 LIGHTING FITTINGS ..............................................................................................................................32
11.3.12 CLEANING POINTS................................................................................................................................32
12 BUILDING SERVICES INSTALLATIONS 33
12.1 PLUMBING .......................................................................................................................................................33
12.1.1 BASES OF CALCULATION.......................................................................................................................33
12.1.2 PROTECTION OF DRINKING WATER ........................................................................................................33
12.1.3 PROTECTION AGAINST NOISE ................................................................................................................33
12.1.4 COLD WATER AND HOT WATER DISTRIBUTION .........................................................................................34
12.1.4 COLD WATER AND HOT WATER DISTRIBUTION .........................................................................................34
12.1.5 LAUNDRY WASTE WATER DRAINAGE ......................................................................................................35
12.2 TREATMENT (PROCESSING) AND DECANTATION OF WASTE WATER OF BUANDERIE...........................37
12.3 GAS DISTRIBUTION IN THE LAUNDRY ..........................................................................................................38
12.4 VENTILATION AND AIR CONDITIONING OF THE LAUNDRY ZONE ..............................................................39
12.4.1 VENTILATION OF THE ROOMS ................................................................................................................39
12.4.2 VENTILATION DUCTWORK SYSTEM .........................................................................................................40
12.4.3 EXTRACT AND AIR DISCHARGE FANS ......................................................................................................40
12.4.4 MAKE-UP AIR SUPPLY ...........................................................................................................................41
12.4.5 COOLED AREAS FOR DRY CLEANING .....................................................................................................41
12.5 LAUNDRY ELECTRICAL INSTALLATION ........................................................................................................42
12.5.1 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS ....................................................................................................................42
12.5.2 ELECTRICAL DISTRIBUTION IN THE LAUNDRY ..........................................................................................42
12.5.3 ELECTRICAL DISTRIBUTION BOARDS .......................................................................................................42
12.6 CONTENT OF MAIN DISTRIBUTION BOARD: .................................................................................................42
12.6.1 SUPPLY TO THE LAUNDRY EQUIPMENT ...................................................................................................43
12.6.2 LIGHTING FITTINGS IN THE LAUNDRY AREAS ...........................................................................................43
12.7 EMERGENCY LIGHTING .................................................................................................................................44
12.8 TELEPHONE, COMPUTERS ............................................................................................................................44
12.8.1 FIRE PROTECTION ..........................................................................................................................44
12.9 GOODS LIFT ....................................................................................................................................................44
13 APPENDICES - DOCUMENTATION 45
13.1 APPENDIX A: DESIGN OF A DRY-CLEANING MACHINE USING PERCHLOROETHYLENE (PERC) ............45
13.1.1.1 Cleaning phase 45
13.1.1.2 Drying phase /deodorisation 45
13.1.1.3 Distillation phase 45
13.2 APPENDIX B: DEVICES FOR THE PROTECTION OF DRINKING WATER SERVICES ..................................46
13.3 AIR INTAKE AND DISCHARGE........................................................................................................................47
13.4 ANNEXE C TECHNOLOGY UNDER TEST......................................................................................................49
13.5 DRYER ENCLOSURE ......................................................................................................................................50
13.6 LINEN CHUTE ..................................................................................................................................................50
14 APPENDIX C: LAUNDRY, DRY-CLEANING AND FINISHING EQUIPMENT 51
14.1 LAUNDRY:........................................................................................................................................................51

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14.1.1 GENERAL INFORMATION: ...............................................................................................................51
14.1.2 CONSIDERATIONS PRIOR TO SELECTING EQUIPMENT:..............................................................................52
14.1.3 EQUIPMENT NECESSARY: .....................................................................................................................52
14.1.4 OTHER ITEMS OF EQUIPMENT NECESSARY: ............................................................................................52
14.1.5 GENERAL RECOMMENDATIONS: ............................................................................................................53
15 DRY CLEANING EQUIPMENT 54
15.1 INTRODUCTION...............................................................................................................................................54
15.2 MINIMUM EQUIPMENT REQUIRED ................................................................................................................54
15.2.1 OTHER EQUIPMENT: IF LARGE-SCALE DRY-CLEANING ACTIVITY ................................................................55
16 APPENDIX D LAUNDRY FLOOR AREA BRIEF 56
17 APPENDIX E: WET CLEANING OR WATER-BASED ECO-FRIENDLY CLEANING 17-58
1.1 WET CLEANING: WHAT IS WATER-BASED CLEANING ? ..................................................................................17-60
1.2 EQUIPMENT NEEDED FOR THE ECO-FRIENDLY WATER-BASED CLEANING SYSTEM “WET CLEANING” ......62

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This document shall apply when there is no laundry external to the hotel
capable of dealing with the hotel linen reliably.

1 INTRODUCTION
OBJECT OF THE DOCUMENT WARNING
To define Accor's technical and functional requirement to The ACCOR technical rules and functional requirements are to
include in designland specifications to be prepared by project define the minimum performance which should be applied to
designers and constructors for the laundry, its associated all construction or refurbishment projects, in all countries.
areas and corridors
They shall be used as guides for the technical design of
FIELD OF APPLICATION: each project.

The designers appointed to carry out this design (architect and


NEW BUILDINGS consulting engineers for the construction, the mechanical
services installations and the laundry equipment) shall make
& an analysis of all the functional, technical and statutory data
and shall coordinate their designs so as to archieve an overall,
REFURBISHMENT OF EXISTING BUILDINGS coherent project.

The design shall necessarily incorporate the application of


locally-applicable codes, standards and regulations. The
more restrictive requirements of either Accor's hotel rules
standards or local authority requirements shall always
apply.

TERMINOLOGY
ABBREVIATIONS
LAUNDRY ROOM

• shall mean, in general, any area for the cleaning of


linen (washing, drying, folding); any area for dry BET Consulting Engineer
cleaning, ironing, sewing, trolley preparation or for
the storage of cleaning products and welcome ERP Public building (under French regulations)
products; the housekeeper's office; the compressor
room; and the steam production room as pplicable. HACCP Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point

IGH High rise building)


CONSTRUCTORS
ISO International Organisation for Standardisation
• shall mean, without distinction, all those people who R Fire-resistant
are responsible for the design of the project, the
supervision of the site, the execution of the works RE as R + flame-resistant
and the technical supervision of the building work,
the services installations and the external works REI as RE + thermal insulation
(architect, interior designer, specifier, quantity
surveyor, consulting engineers, fire safety officer, SSI Fire Safety System
technical supervisor, contractors, suppliers, etc.).
PERC Perchloroethylene
CONSTRUCTION REGULATIONS

• "Construction regulations" shall mean all the


regulations affecting all aspects of the works such
as (without limitation ) health and safety in the
workplace, fire safety, staff comfort and safety,
protection of the environment,

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2 THE SANITARY SAFETY OF LINEN
2.1 THE “WAY FORWARD “CONCEPT
This title summarises three essential principles:

1 Linen shall always move forward in the laundryroom.


It shall never go back to where it was previously.

2 The linen shall be stored, sorted and counted with


products of equivalent cleanliness.

3 Each treatment of the linen shall give it a higher


state of cleanliness.

No mixing of "unprocessed" / "clean" / "finished"items.

Clean linen (sheets, napkins, etc.) shall never meet dirty linen

• The same goods lift shall only be used for carrying


both clean and dirty linen provided that it complies
with a procedure specified by the hotel
management in compliance with a HACCP
procedure.
• Dirty linen shall enter via one door; clean linen shall
leave via another door.

FUNCTIONAL LAYOUT

SOILED CLEAN FINISHED

Checking
Sorting /
Washing Drying Ironing
Weighing
Dirty linen reception

Distribution/ Return tpo


antries or bedrooms_

Folding

Housekee
per's office Cleaning STORE
products
Storage on
trolley

Checking Wrapping
Dry Cleaning Ironing
Cleaning

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Reception dirty
linen, sorting

Washing

Exit from machines

Drying/ Finishing

Preparation for
trolley, Protection

Trolley transfer

implented. Such organisation will be the guarantee of


2.2 BARRIER LAUNDRY: HYGIENE AND perfect working comfort, an impeccable finished result
ORGANISATION and savings in productivity.

An aseptic barrier in a laundry: simplified hygiene The construction of an aseptic barrier shall consist
and organisation of:

The whole linen treatment chain shall be analysed, from ISOLATING DIRTY LINEN
the arrival of the dirty linen in the laundry up until its • a wall: an airtight partition
delivery. The main cause of recontamination of clean • "barrier" type machines: loading of dirty linen
linen is non-isolated dirty linen: the bacteria being • a lobby with a basin and shoe disinfection
transmitted by air, by hands or by contact. WORKING WITH DIRTY LINEN
Unloading and finishing of clean linen
RETURNING PERFECTLY HEALTHY LINEN
There shall therefore be a need to separate the laundry
In the hotel industry we can reduce the procedures, while still
into two zones, separated by a partition. separating dirty linen from clean linen, by reducing phase No.
3 (isolating the linen).
This aseptic barrier requires work in the laundry to be
organised as soon as the dirty linen arrives. Tasks shall
be hierarchised, movements shall be studied and
closely specified, the "conveyor belt" principle shall be

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2.3 HACCP

Risk control

The object of HACCP (Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points) is to specify a quality assurance system
applicable to laundries. To ensure that the laundry operator complies at all times with the quality assurance system
that he has implemented and the validity of which he has checked.

HACCP
=
Two-stage procedure in
refurbishment projects

11
Determine the critical
points on the drawings of
the existing buildings
Identification of risks

22
Implémentation of Reflection on steps to be
protective measures taken

Check what has been


specified and done

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3 STAFF COMFORT, HEALTH AND SAFETY
3.1 STAFF COMFORT

3.1.1 WORKING CONDITIONS 3.1.5 VIEW TO THE OUTSIDE AND NATURAL LIGHT

Proper ergonomic conditions are essential for work in a The permanent work stations in the laundry shall, as far as
laundry, which is tiring (working standing up) and requires possible, have the benefit of natural light:
close attention.
• by openings in the roof;
• or by openings in the external walls (*).
3.1.2 AMBIENT TEMPERATURE

The ambient temperature in the working areas shall not be:

• Greater than 27°C


• Less than 18°C

Depending on the climate, these conditions shall be ensured


by mechanical ventilation, with the addition of fresh air, and by
a cooling system or static heating system if necessary.

3.1.3 NOISE LEVEL

The noise level generated by the mechanical ventilation at


high speed shall not be greater than 40 dB(A).

The intermittent noise level generated by the running of the


laundry equipment shall not be greater than 80 dB(A).

3.1.4 CLEAR CEILING HEIGHT Areas where staff work temporarily need not have windows.

The recommended clear ceiling height shall be 3.5 metres; the


minimum shall be 3.0 m. 3.1.6 ARTIFICIAL LIGHTING
A height of 2.50 m may be acceptable in stores and corridor The lighting shall not deform the colours: fluorescent light
zones. source, temperature 3000°K, providing a lighting le vel of:

• 500 lux on work surfaces;


• 200 lux in cloakrooms and toilets (at floor level);
• 150 lux in corridors and staircases (at floor level);
• 300 lux in stores (at floor level);
• 750 lux at the stain-removal point.

3.2 STAFF HYGIENE

Laundry staff shall have access to an electronic or elbow- laundry staff shall have separate "men's" and "women's" toilets
controlled hand-rinse basin. and cloakrooms:
The lockers shall be:single for laundry staff.(30 cm width

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3.3 STAFF SAFETY

3.3.2 NON-SLIP FLOOR

3.3.1 ELECTRICAL SAFETY The laundry floor shall be horizontal (*) and non-slip, with an
R-Value slipperiness classification of R11 (DIN) or PC 20 (NF),
Emergency stop devices with key resetting shall be provided shod foot > 27.
near sensitive workstations (Washing machines, sheet ironing R12 (DIN) equivalent to PC 27 (NF)
machines between 27° and 35° (High adhesion)

27°
The cables for the connections to the items of equipment shall
be connected to junction boxes, so that, if an item of
equipment is disconnected, there will be no bare live cables. Slip angle

(*) The normal construction tolerances defined under


construction rules shall not be used to justify cross-falls that
prevent washing water from flowing to floor gullies and
channels.

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4 SAFETY AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
CRITERIA
4.1 FIRE SAFETY

The minimum provisions of Accor's "FIRE SAFETY policy (BTH 4.1.2 ISOLATION OF ROOMS
Method), shall be included for each project by the Fire Safety
consultant who shall take into account the specific regulations Rubbish rooms are high-risk areas and shall be constructed
applicable locally. with REI 120 floors and walls, with REI 60 doors fitted with
door closers.
4.1.1 STAFF EMERGENCY EXITS
The laundry and store areas should be considered as re
The maximum distance A to be travelled to reach an exit (or a medium-risk areas and shall be separated from the service
staircase), from the furthest point in a room, shall not exceed corridors and from the public areas with REI 60 floors and
40 metres. walls or partitions and with REI 30 door sets fitted with door
closers.
Dead end corridors B shall be no longer than 10 m. The load-bearing structures shall have a fire resistance "R"
equal to the "REI" fire resistance of the constructions they
The laundry zone shall have at least two exits C . bear.

The stores shall have REI 60 partitions, but they may include
internal wire mesh partitions,

B C Stores Laundry
<

Lobby
REI 120 fire-resisting partition
REI 60 fire-resisting partition
Internal partitions
Mesh partitions

(These minimum isolation values shall be increased if local


safety regulations require it.)

4.1.3 FLOOR, WALL AND CEILING FINISHES

The floor, wall and ceiling finishes, and also the suspended
ceilings in the laundry and its associated areas, shall be in
slightly combustible materials, or shall take into account local
regulations if they are more restrictive (Class A of the
European standard).

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4.2 GAS SAFETY IN THE LAUNDRY

4.2.1 G AS SUPPLY 4.2.2 G AS DETECTION

Gas may be installed in the laundry if local regulations do not ACCOR recommends the installation of automatic gas
forbid it (in certain countries, gas is not permitted in high rise detection in the laundry.
buildings).
Any gas leak shall be indicated by an alarm in the hotel's
In all cases, the following shall be provided: central monitoring point and shall trigger the linked safety
controls, as specified by local regulations.
• externally, a main gas cut-off valve for the fire
brigade's use;
• in the laundry, a visible and easily-accessible stop 4.2.3 AUTOMATIC SAFETY DEVICES
valve to cut off all the gas in the laundry.
Motorised valves and their links to the ventilation or other
(See gas distribution 9.14) function shall be specified by the Fire Safety consultant in
accordance with local regulations.

A dry cleaning machine shall never be positioned next to a gas heating device.

4.3 SECURITY (INTRUSION, THEFT AND ATTACK)

The provisions of the Accor Group's "SECURITY"& requirements hall be implanted making allowance for the level of threat in the
location.

4.3.1 ACCESS CONTROL 4.3.2 LOCKING OF THE AREAS

Staff and delivery entrances shall be provided with the The stores, the manager’s office and the staff cloakrooms shall
necessary equipment to control the entry and exit of people: be locked with, card- or code-operated locks.

• Card or code lock Particular case of cloakrooms


or electronic locks
+ intruder alarm contact The showers shall be included in the cloakrooms. On the other
hand, access to the toilets shall be possible without a key.

If facilities are provided for external staff, they shall include


cloakrooms that are separate from those of the permanent
staff, but the toilets may be common.

• Intercom or videophone

• Video monitoring

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5 SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
The Accor Group's sustainable development guidelines
completed with shall be for the design and construction project
for the fitting out of the laundries and associated areas.

This shall concern mainly:

• The comfort of staff

• Thermal insulation of the building

• Control over nuisances

• Protection of the drinking water services

• Protection of the hot water services


o Risk of legionella

• Energy conservation
o Fluorescent light fittings –

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6 DIRECTIVES FOR THE DESIGN OF A PROJECT
6.1 THE DESIGN BRIEF

Any design for a laundry or a dry cleaning service for a hotel or • Ibis
other establishment must be based on a "Laundry Brief", o Laundry
which shall list, quantify and describe the excepted o Washing of laundry linen
performance, conditions and constraints for which has to be
(Above scopes are indicative only and have to be adjusted for
made. The dry cleaning section shall be in a separate room
each projet)
from the laundry and shall be provided with a high-
performance ventilation extract system.

1 - Context 3 Selection of equipment

Allowance for the weight of linen to be dealt with.


• Type of hotel Allocation between flat and pleated linen.
• Type(s) of guests Type of energy available & tariff
• Country, etc.
• Swimming pool , Spa The equipment selected shall be:
• Restaurants
Laundry room:
2 – Definition of services to be provided Linen reception table, soaking trough, scales on floor, washer
extractor, tumble dryers, flatwork dryer ironer, folding tables,
The services shall be determined by the brand and the sewing table, steam press, washing machine + 8 kg dryer
location of the hotel: (laundry linen), container trucks, clean linen roll container, 6
tray shelves in chrome-plated steel wire.
• Sofitel Dry cleaning:
Washing machine, steam press, dress-form, stain-removal
o Laundry (hotel linen)
table, hanging rack, packing machine, mobile coat rack, 6-
o Washing of laundry linen layer shelves,
o Washing of guests' small items
o Dry cleaning for guests •
o Dry cleaning of staff uniforms
o Ironing for guest linen 4 - Number of staff

• Pullman • Staff
o Laundry Washing of laundry linen • Working hours
o Washing of guests' small items • Weekly rest day
o Dry cleaning for guests
o Dry cleaning of staff uniforms 6.2 LAUNDRY PREMISES LIST
o Ironing for guest linen
• Laundry
o Reception and storage of dirty
• M Gallery linen, uniforms and guests' linen
o Laundry
o Sorting, weighing and prewashing
o Washing of laundry linen
o Washing of guests' small items o Washing Drying and ironing of
o Dry cleaning for guests hotel linen
o Dry cleaning of staff uniforms • House keeper office
o Ironing for guest linen • Dry cleaning (uniforms, guest linen
• ) Clean linen storage
o Clean linen storage
• Uniforms storage and dispatch
• detergents store
• Amenities
• Mercure • Air compressor
o Laundry
• detergents dry cleaning store
o Washing of laundry linen
o Ironing for guest linen • Linen Stores

• Novotel
o Laundry
o Washing of laundry linen

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6.3 GOOD PRACTICE AND THE LINEN CIRCUIT

The principle of the Linen Circuit:

USE

Reception Collect and sort


and storage

CLEAN DIRTY
LINEN LINEN

Collection
and transport
Preparation of
trolleys and
Washing
deliveries
Reception
and sorting
of sacks
Finishing
(drying, ironing, crease
removal, folding)

A rationalised process concerning the Linen Circuit shall enable the following factors to be tackled without problem:
• Regularl dirty linen • Removal of dirty linen
• "Soiled" dirty linen • Laundry treatments
• Pre-sorting • The "Dirty" zone in the laundry
• Dirty linen storage areas • Washing
• Drying
• The "Clean" zone
• Equipment
• Transport of clean linen
• Circuits within the Hotel
• Clean linen storage in service areas

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6.4 RABC METHOD:

The RABC (Risk Analysis Biocontamination Control) Before the study, it shall be necessary to:
method is a procedure for the analysis of risks and for
control over biocontamination, with the objective of Designate responsibilities.
targeting contamination risks. It is a working method
that puts forward: a list of requirements to be met. Specify hygiene requirements.

Implement a cleaning and disinfection plan.


This method, first used in hospital, has become a
requirement in the Hotel Industry, in order to improve Train staff in relation to hygiene (hygiene of hands,
quality. body, clothing and medical supervision).
The standard specifies a number of prerequisites
Formalise and evaluate the suitability of the premises,
before launching the RABC study itself. Indeed, one of
sanitary installations, water supply and effluent
the stages consists of specifying preventive action for
disposal in connection with production, ventilation
each critical point (biocontamination risk), the
systems and linen processing equipment.
preventive action forming part of the prerequisites.

The risk of biocontamination shall be evaluated for Ensure control over waste.
each stage of the processing of the linen from the
following sources: The preliminary stages of the procedure shall be
imperative:
The environment (air, water and surfaces).
Commitment to a quality policy, the implementation of
The processes. a quality system, the provision of the necessary
resources and the mobilisation of all staff.
Staff.
Training of a multi-disciplinary team.
Equipment.
Identify, provide and maintain the human and material
Products. resources necessary for control over biocontamination.

Specify the expected level of quality. Draft flow diagrams (graphical representation of all the
stages of the process). These shall be used as the
basis of the RABC study.

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6.5 LAUNDRY DESIGN

6.5.1 LAUNDRY CONSULTANT 6.5.2 CHOICE OF ENERGY SOURCES

The design of a laundry shall be carried out by a SPECIALIST The laundry may be fully electric or mixed gas and electricity,
CONSULTANT who shall specify all of the areas and the items of or even steam, in accordance with the following criteria:
equipment and shall submit his proposals to the OWNER'S
representative for approval. • – Gas should be used wherever possible (public
natural gas main orpropane ( LPG) from a storage
This design shall cover all the areas involved and shall include tank) as it has several advantages:
a description of the proposed methods of organisation: o lower peak electricity demand at peak
periods;
• Delivery entrance, stores o energy cost often lower.
• Sorting area • However, gas shall not be used if local safety codes
• Washing area do not permit it.
• Spin-drying and ironing • Steam shall be used in laundries that process a
• Preparation of trolleys large volume of linen.
• Separate dry cleaning, etc.
The washing machines shall preferably be supplied with
It shall be carried out in several phases: softened hot water in order to limit electrical consumption at
peak periods.
1 Analysis of the brief.
2 Specification of the equipment to be installed in order to 6.5.3 LIMITS TO THE EXTENT OF WORKS
provide the services. Choice of energy sources and of the
main technical arrangements, communication with the A document entitled LIMITS TO THE EXTENT OF WORKS shall
other consulting engineers involved in the project. define the allocation between:
3 Preliminary design drawings at a scale of 1:100 and lists of • the construction works and the services
equipment. installations in the building, including the services
connections and the associated works necessary
4 Detailed final design drawings, at a scale of 1:50, with for installing and operating the items of equipment;
elevations at 1:20, indicating the exact layout of the • the specialist laundry and dry cleaning equipment
equipment, together with the accessory works (bases, etc.) packages.
and the services connections, the quantities and
characteristics of which should be listed in a detail The development lease or sales contract, or the contracts for
schedule.
construction works, shall define the works, installations and
5 Detailed technical instructions to enable the other items of equipment that are, depending on circumstances:
consulting engineers involved and the specification writer • the responsibility of the CONSTRUCTORS;
to make allowance for the laundry functions in the • or purchased directly by the OWNER (OR BY THE
documentation of the the projet. These instructions shall, OPERATOR).
in particular, indicate the anticipated flow rates and the

levels of consumption of the various mechanical services
(water/electricity).
6.5.4 CONNECTION TO UTILITIES
6 Detailed list of the limits to the scope of the work of the The Consulting Engineer's layout drawing of the laundry shall
contractors for works and the suppliers and installers of the define the nature, the layout and the characteristics of all the
items of equipment. services connections: UNTREATED COLD WATER, TREATED COLD
7 Tender documentation for the works, comprising the WATER, HOT WATER, GAS, ELECTRICITY OR STEAM.
detailed laundry preliminary design drawings, revised to
co-ordinate with the other members of the design team, A table shall be provided, listing all the connection points and
and the specifications of the works for each trade prepared their characteristics.
by the relevant consulting engineers or specifies.
An attached technical note shall state the peak flow rates and
8 At the same time as preparing the tender documents for the hourly or daily levels of consumption of the items of
the contracts for works, the LAUNDRY CONSULTANT shall equipment.
prepare the tender documents for the contracts for
equipment (supply and fixing). Take care to define and differentiate between:
RECOMMENDATIONS FOR THE LAUNDRY CONSULTANT'S DUTIES Unit flow rate or capacity of
1. NEW BUILDINGS AND MAJOR REFURBISHMENT WORKS: the
LAUNDRY CONSULTANT shall define the functional
 Unitary
requirements
each item
(calculation of
of equipment
the sections of
organisation, the rooms and the laundry equipment, connecting cables and
together with their technical impact. He shall work in pipework)
association with the architect and the other consulting
engineers involved. Hourly or daily requirement of
2. REFURBISHMENT OF EXISTING LAUNDRYS: the LAUNDRY  Consumption each item of equipment
CONSULTANT shall act as the sole designer. His
appointment shall be extended to all the works arising from Total values, corrected to take
the refurbishment: partitions, doors, ceilings, floor and wall
finishes, plumbing, ventilation, air conditioning, electricity,
 Peak periods into account coincidence
factors and load shedding
data and communications, etc. (calculation of supplies)

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7 POSITIONING & LAYOUT OF THE ROOMS

7.1 POSITIONING IN THE BUILDING


The laundry (zones) shall be private. Under no circumstances
shall this zone be used as a passage or for access to other A layout on several floor levels or on a floor different
service areas: plant rooms, etc. to the delivery level shall be used only if the site or the
existing building makes it necessary.
LAYOUT ON A SINGLE FLOOR LEVEL

The solution to be sought as a priority shall be, as far as In such cases, goods lifts shall be installed.
possible, to position all the laundry, linene, staff uniform and
store areas on the same floor level, with no changes in level,
steps or other obstacles to prevent the use of trolleys. They
should preferably be on the same floor as deliveries.
But caution!
!
Storage areas may be installed on different floor levels.
The dry cleaning may be installed on a different floor level
while complying with all the rules for layout set out below.

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7.2 CIRCULATION FLOWS FOR STAFF AND TROLLEYS

7.2.1 HORIZONTAL CIRCULATION

The way forward principle shall always be used There shall be no steps in corridors

The entrance routes for staff between the staff cloakrooms and
toilets and the laundry shall be as direct as possible. They
must never cross a public hall or a mechanical services
zone.

The service corridors shall be direct, practicable by trolleys, Ramps may be permitted, but only in the corridors to the
with a minimum of turnings, and without narrow sections or stores and delivery areas and with a shallow slope (< 3% if
projecting objects. possible).

7.2.2 SERVICE LIFTS


Functions over several floor levels
Service lifts shall be avoided,if possible, between
deliveries, laundry & linen stores by providing all the areas Bedrooms
on a single floor level as far as possible. .
Bedrooms
If the layout of the building means that the linen services have Bedrooms
to be on several floor levels, service lifts shall be installed to
fulfil the various functions. Bedrooms
Bedroom
A Linen service and room service Clean lift
B Linen service and room service Dirty lift Bedroom

Service lifts shall always be provided between delivery level


line store level and bedroom floors ! Laundry room , linen stores &
deliveries
Important – The number of service lifts will depend on the
category of the hotel, its size and the layout of the building as, A = Dual-purpose service lifts
depending on circumstances, several functions may be
A clean and dirty (HACCP)
provided by the same service lift Subject to local régulations,
small to medium size hotels ( up to 200 rooms ) may be B B If hygiene rules and local
provided with only one service lift to serve bedroom floors regulations insist on it
provided that relevant HACCP procedures are implemented

7.2.3 VEHICLE ACCESS AND SERVICE COURTYARD

Access for delivery lorries and for the removal of rubbish shall or external ramps shall not exceed 12% and the unloading area shall
be arrenged via a service courtyard or an internal delivery area be horizontal.
that is big enough to allow vehicles to manoeuvre, and for
unloading, temporary storage and the siting of skips.

If there is a loading dock, it shall be positioned 80 cm above


road level.

The access road, either external or internal, shall have the


clearance necessary for the delivery and rubbish removal
lorries.
This rule shall also apply to linen and daily food delivery
vehicles. 1
The clearances indicated on the diagram are those for the
loads, lengths and turning circles indicated. The slope of internal

≤ 12 %

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8 SETTING OUT AND FITTING OUT OF ASSOCIATED
AREAS
8.1.1 RUBBISH ROOMS AND AREAS If they have to be enclosed, a perforated roller shutter or grille
• As part of the hotel service areas rubbish room shall be provided, so that the area is well ventilated at all
adapted to selective sorting should be provided for. times.
• Laundries will not normally require any additional
facilities
8.1.4 STAFF CLOAKROOMS AND TOILETS
8.1.2 LAUNDRY ZONE ELECTRICAL DISTRIBUTION BOARD The laundry staff shall use the sets of cloakrooms and toilets
for the staff of the establishment, where cloakrooms, showers,
The electrical distribution board shall be sited in an "electrical" basins, WCs and urinals shall be provided, which shall be kept
room or cupboard, located near the power outlets, that is separate:
easily accessible from the laundry.

A general emergency stop switch shall be provided on the If these areas are a long way away, other toilets (WCs, urinals,
outside of the door. The emergency stop switches for the basins), separate for men and women, shall be provided close
"power" equipment shall be located near to sensitive work to the laundry.
stations (cooking, wash-up).
In all cases, the route between the laundry and the staff
cloakrooms and toilets shall use the service corridors.
Public areas corridors plant room areas shall never be used.
MINIMUM FITTINGS (to be adjusted to suit the anticipated
number of staff and the requirements of the standards or local
authorities)

Fittings for the people


On site, for every: Employed:
20 men 20 women Per person
Basin 2 2
8.1.3 AIR COMPRESSORS FOR IRONS AND DRESS-FORMS WC 1 2
Urinal 1
The air compressors shall be sited: Shower 1 1
Cupboard 1
• on a rooftop plant room; Bench 1/5
• or in the external or internal service courtyard (if it is Showers shall only be provided for staff who
permanently well-ventilated); carry out dirty work, in accordance with local rules.
• or other outdoor area;
• or in a well-ventilated room on an external wall. The toilet door shall not open directly onto the laundry

They shall never be sited within the volume of the laundry. Corridor

As their installation in a plant room would require mechanical


ventilation, it shall only be considered if there is no other
possibility (energy consumption to be avoided).

They shall be carefully located and fixed onto metal supports Toilets Cloakrooms
fitted with anti-vibration devices in order to prevent the risk of Basins WC and shower
noise problems (transmission of sound through the air or
through the structure, vibrations) in respect of the guest
bedrooms, the public areas or neighbours.

Units located externally shall be protected from the rain. As the toilets are to remain accessible and the cloakrooms
locked, the following diagram shall be followed:
If located In the delivery zone, they shall be fixed at a height of
2 m.

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9 CONTROL OVER NUISANCES FROM LAUNDRIES
A laundry will inevitably generate NOISE and STEAM nuisances,
together with the risk of POLLUTION of drinking water services 9.1.2 RISKS IN CONNECTION WITH PERCHLOROETHYLENE
and of sewers, which must be taken into account and (PERC)
controlled
This is even more sensitive for dry cleaning. A hood shall be provided over the dry cleaners to extract
fumes to the outside. Active carbon filters shall be used if the
9.1 ACOUSTIC CRITERIA dryers exceed a certain cleaning capacity.
Mud and sludge recovered shall be packed and sent to a
A laundry will inevitably generate noise as it is used, retreatment centre.
throughout the day, and often late into the evening, depending
on the type of service provided by the hotel.
The design of the construction and of the mechanical services
9.1.3 RISKS OF WATER CONTAMINATION
must therefore meet the objectives defined in the ACCOR
acoustic criterie published for each Brand: If the laundry is over another area of the hotel or over third-
party premises, damp-proofing shall be provided in the floor.
• absence of noise disturbance to the guest
bedrooms and in the public areas; The type of damp-proofing and its level of protection shall suit
• acceptable noise levels inside the laundry of less the nature of the premises below:
than 80dB(A).
• Level 1 Underfloor void
1 – Insulation from air-borne noise • Level 2 Hotel car park and secondary areas
Adequate steps to be taken concerning: • Level 3 Main areas of the hotel
Third-party car park or premises
• floors, walls, partitions, services ducts and Electrical plant rooms
suspended ceilings;
• door sets. 9.1.4 PROTECTION OF DRINKING WATER SERVICES
2 – Noise and vibration from mechanical services Antipollution valves or break tanks shall be provided on the
cold water and hot water distribution.
Extract fans intake and discharge air grilles (risk of vibration)
and compressors must not cause a nuisance to: Disconnectors shall be provided on the water supplies to the
• the hotel bedrooms (from inside or via the machines or other items of equipment.
windows);
• indoor or outdoor public areas (restaurant terrace
9.1.5 REPLACEMENT OF PERC
for example); Perchloroethylene: a product that is highly toxic for the
• neighbouring buildings. environment and aquatic environments, probably carcinogenic
for man (CIRC, 1995), irritant for the respiratory tract and
3 – Impact noises and transmission through the structure neurotoxic. Since January 2007, the state of California has
The noise generated by the handling of tools or equipment or been the first to vote for a progressive withdrawal of dry
by dropping things on tiled floors shall only be taken into cleaning machines that use perchloroethylene.
account if the project includes bedrooms or public areas
immediately next to or above the laundry.
Faced with an awareness of the dangers of perchloroethylene,
The most effective way of achieving this is to separate the the question is what are the alternatives.
structure enclosing the laundry from other areas by the use of
a construction joint.
9.1.5.1 Alternatives to Perchloroethylene
If not, other precautions shall be taken, in particular:
Cleaning with liquid CO2: developed in 1994 in association
• laying tiling on a floating screed and a resilient
material; with the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), this
• items of equipment not directly fixed to the walls. unusual system enables the use of CO2 from industrial and
agricultural emissions in a very effective and non-toxic
9.1.1 RISK OF SMELLS detergent. However, this type of cleaning is more expensive
than PERC.
The balancing of the ventilation installations in the laundry and
associated areas shall maintain a permanent negative
pressure to public areas. "Siloxane", a new-generation solvent. Developed by Green
Earth in the first decade of the century, it is made from
The discharge of extracted air shall be at the top of the silicone, a product derived from petrochemicals. Green Earth
building (in general the roof over the bedrooms).
claims that "it represents the future of the dry cleaning
The extract fan shall be located at the top of the duct so that industry" and its partners, General Electric and Procter and
the duct is at negative pressure. Gamble have decided to encourage the whole of the dry
cleaning industry to use it. It is odour-free, produces no toxic

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fumes and removes stains from all fabrics just as well as, if not cleaner is now a model of its kind, which has been emulated in
better than, perchloroethylene. However, neither the US a number of cities in the US.
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) nor the Coalition for
Clean Air have yet awarded a green label to Green Earth's
technology. They are asking for new tests. This technology
has arrived in France and two installations are already open. Since 2003, "open-circuit" machines have been banned
and replaced with closed-circuit machines, leading to a
drop in the exposure of operatives. (See diagram page
"Wet Cleaning" (translated in Canada as "nettoyage
42)
multitraitement".) This is a sophisticated dry-cleaning
technique that uses water and biodegradable detergents in
computerised washing machines. A modernised version of the
laundry of our grandmothers. This technology requires a lot of
labour, which makes it slightly more expensive than the others.
In Chicago, however, in a suburb with a high level of
unemployment, a pilot project involving the city authorities and
the employment social organisations has opened a Wet
Cleaning service, which thus provides work for single mothers
and other impoverished parts of the population. This green dry

Accor recommands to request the appointed laundry consultant to propose alternative solutions to
replace PERC systemes as per locally available technologies and local statutory requirements.i

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9.2 ANALYSIS OF THE DESIGN DATA

Any project for the creation, restructuring or refurbishment of a


laundry shall incorporate all the aspects that will lead to a
logical and coherent approach to meeting the specific
requirements and constraints: 9.2.3 AND, IN THE CASE OF AN EXISTING BUILDING

9.2.1 FOR THE GENERAL DESIGN • Critical points in the existing layout (see HACCP
procedures).
• WAY FORWARD CONCEPT ( SEE ARTICLE 2.1) • Layout of the premises and their means of access.
• Allowance for HACCP procedures (See article 2.3). • Non-modifiable structural items.
• Study of the proposals by a SPECIALIST • Whether existing services installations can be re-
CONSULTANT (Reminder article used and modified.
• Functionality (See article 7 • Site safety and, in particular, allowance for
• Setting out of the rooms on the same level (See "asbestos" risks.
article 8.). • Security of the establishment during the works
• Allowance for local codes and regulations and the (Protection against the risks of intrusion and fire).
requirements of local authorities
Important note – In certain locations, additional rooms or
items of equipment may be necessary.

9.2.2 FOR THE TECHNICAL DESIGN

• Flexibility: the laundry functions may change over a


period of time.
• Local climatic conditions.
• Choice of energy sources (See article 6.4
• Fire safety (design to be corried out by a FIRE
SAFETY CONSULTANT).
• Safety, ergonomics, hygiene and comfort of staff
(See article 3).
• Sanitary risk prevention.
• Water hygiene: protection against the risk of
legionella.
• Protection of the environment: treatment of waste
All these points shall be examined and checked at project
water..
reviews to be organised by the design team or the
• Control over disturbances: noise, smells. Owner's representative
• Thermal insulation and energy savings.
• Planned and reactive maintenance: accessibility.
• Security: protection against the risk of intrusion and
theft.

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10 STRUCTURAL REQUIREMENTS
10.1 STRUCTURAL FLEXIBILITY OF THE LAUNDRY 10.1.2 THERMAL INSULATION OF THE BUILDING
ZONE In most climates thermal insulation should be provided to the
whole volume of the laundry and its associated areas. It may
be possible to omit the insulation (particularly to the stores) in
The construction shall retain the possibility of modifying the
certain hot climates, provided that it can be proved that it does
partitioning and the setting out of the equipment:
not affect:
• the walls and partitions enclosing and dividing the • the durability of the structure;
laundry areas shall be built in non load-bearing • the comfort of staff;
masonry; reinforced concrete structures shall be • operations;
restricted to the structural columns and walls • energy consumption;
around unavoidable hard points (stair wells, lift
• Linen storage conditions
shafts, service ducts);
• pipework and cables shall be modifiable and, The design shall take into account the specific requirements of
therefore, accessible and, for this purpose, all the air-conditioned rooms, which will sometimes require
the supply services shall be run from above; internal thermal insulation between horizontally or vertically
only the drainage shall be run in the floor; adjacent rooms.
• If the laundry is located over solid ground on a
ground slab or raft or over a main room or third-
party premises, the pipework shall be encased in a
weak mix concrete screed and shall be run to
external inspection chambers (see diagrams B and
Fnext page). 10.1.3 FLOOR TO THE LAUNDRY ZONE
10.1.1 BASES OF CALCULATION The design of the floor will depend on - 1 - the area
immediately below, - 2 - the nature of the ground and its
Superimposed loads on floors: ≥ 5 kN/m² hydrology (possible tanking), - 3 - the running of pipework, - 4 -
functional requirements (fire, thermal, acoustic insulation,
(To be increased if necessary to suit construction rules or flexibility, damp-proofing.).
particularly heavy items of equipment.)

Fire resistance criteria: See article 4.1..

Intumescent collar

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TYPES OF FLOORS shall be provided under the tiling
(provision of intumescent collar).
A – Slab cast on solid ground

The underground pipework under the


slab shall be run individually to external E – Suspended floor over the hotel car park
inspection chambers.
The pipework shall be run on the soffit
of the slab. Damp-proofing shall be
provided under the tiling. Reinforced
B – Raft or suspended slab concrete casings under the pipework
shall provide the necessary level of fire-
The raft or the slab shall be set at a resistance under the channels
lower level and the pipework shall be (provision of intumescent collar) (*).
encased in a concrete false floor.

F – Suspended floor over main area of the hotel


(or over third-party premises or car park)
C – Suspended floor over under-floor void
The slab shall be set at a lower level
The pipework shall be run on the soffit and the drainage pipework shall be
of the slab. The under-floor void shall encased in a concrete false floor.
have means of access ≥ 1.80 m. Damp- Damp-proofing shall be provided under
proofing shall be provided under the the tiling. (* )
tiling in order to avoid damage to the
structure caused by leaks.
KEY Tiling
Waterproofing
D – Suspended floor over other areas of the hotel thermal insulation;
(*) Add, in certain cases: Thermal insulation in order to avoid
The drainage pipework shall be run on condensation and/or acoustic insulation against impact noise
the soffit of the slab. Damp-proofing and/or air-borne noise.

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10.2 EXTERNAL JOINERY

10.2.1 WINDOWS IN THE LAUNDRY ZONE 10.2.2 VENTILATION GRILLES IN THE EXTERNAL WALLS

Window joinery may be in PVC or metal profiles with a thermal The ventilation grilles in the service areas shall have anodised
break (lightweight anodised or powder-coated alloy or powder- or powder-coated lightweight alloy rain-proof blades and an
coated steel). inner insect- and rodent-proof lining in lightweight expanded
metal alloy. They shall be fixed into a lightweight alloy sub-
Windows shall generally have thermally insulating glazing frame.
which, depending on the site, shall also meet acoustic and/or
anti-intrusion criteria. Note – Except in cases where the climate is suitable for natural
ventilation, the stores shall have mechanical ventilation.
Windows shall be fixed, but openable, if necessary, for
cleaning. Opening them for natural ventilation may be
considered, provided that they are at high level and that the 10.2.3 EXTERNAL DOORS
openings are provided with an anti-insect mesh.
External doors shall be made from powder-coated steel
In order to improve cleanliness, windows shall be fixed flush profiles with 2 mm thick sheet metal facings both sides.
with the wall tiling.
If thermal insulation is needed for heated or air-conditioned
rooms, the steel profiles shall have a thermal break and the
infill shall be made from an insulating sandwich panel with
sheet steel facings.

The doors shall be wide enough for people and trolleys to pass
and for the delivery of the laundry equipment. In all cases, the
widths of passage shall not be less than 900 mm and double-
If the architecture of the external walls requires windows fixed leaf doors of an appropriate width shall be provided to allow
flush with the external surface, austenitic stainless steel fixed the passage of delivery pallets and access for plant and
windows shall be provided. equipment into the laundry.

The glazing provided for natural light, built into the top of the
doors or into fanlights, shall be:
• thermally-insulating in heated or cooled rooms;
• laminated in doors (both sides for insulating
glazing).

glazing

Functions to be provided in all cases: The glazing, the fittings (hinges, locks or electric latches, bolts,
handles, casement bolts, door closers, door stops, anti-panic
• air- and water-tightness and wind-resistance; bar, electromagnetic bolts, etc.) and the locking and access
• possibility of cleaning both sides of the glazing; control systems shall fulfil the various functions:
• 10 year guarantee of durability.
• protection against intrusion (See article 4.3);
And, depending on the climate and the site: • safety (unlocked in the event of a fire alarm).
• thermal insulation;
• solar protection by filtering or reflective glazing;
• protection against intrusion.

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11 INTERNAL FITTING-OUT
11.1 PARTITIONS AND DOORS

11.1.1 PARTITIONS
SMOOTH-FACED BRICKS AND CONCRETE KICKER
Plaster and plasterboard shall not be used in any part of the (Recommended option)
laundry zone.

Materials used for twalls and the partitions and their thermal
linings shall be exclusively:

• fair-faced reinforced concrete;


• concrete blocks with neatly floated cement render;
• concrete blocks with cement pointing (in equipment
stores only);
• hollow terracotta bricks with a cement render;
• hollow, smooth-faced bricks laid on a concrete
kicker (recommended option).

In all cases, the partitions and their thicknesses shall be


compatible with the depth of the chases necessary for Concrete kicker for
building-in cable and pipework sleeves. Damp-proofing up stand

11.1.2 ENTRANCE DOORS


It shall be important to include for means of access that allow for the passage of the various items of equipment during construction and
also when plant is to be replaced, for info: Flatwork dryer ironer size 4574 x 1600 x 1380, gross weight 1843 kg, washer extractor, 1500
x1500 x 1910 weight 1136 kg.

11.1.3 INTERNAL DOORS

Room Door set (e) Protection (d)


Service lobby and linen sorting Metal or hardwood frame, solid-core door, laminate facings 1 side 60 cm h.
Perimeter of the laundry Metal frame and solid-core door, laminate facings 1 side 60 cm h.
Housekeeper’s office Glazed door or windows, anodised lightweight alloy or stainless steel Both sides 15
profiles cm h.
Inside dry cleaning Austenitic stainless steel frame, polyethylene door, vision panel
Stores (a) Metal frame and solid-core door, gloss paint 1 side 90 cm h.
Service corridors Metal frame and solid-core door, laminate facings Both sides 90
cm h.
Plant rooms (a) Door set, both sides electro-galvanised sheet metal / insulating core,
gloss paint
Service ducts (a) Metal frame and solid-core door, gloss paint

(a) FIRE RESISTANCE POLYPROPYLENE DOORS


See article 4.1
(b) Side-hung doors PROTECTED AT THE BOTTOM
(d) KICK PLATES
Protection shall be provided by Acrovyn (acrylo-vinyl
resin) or polished austenitic stainless steel panels, 1
mm thick, fixed with adhesive, plus extra stainless
steel screws.
(d) FITTINGS
The hinges, locks, bolts, handles, lever handles,
casement bolts, door closers, door stops, etc. shall
be robust and functional and shall comply with the
fire safety and security criteria.

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11.2.3 COMPRESSOR ROOM
11.2 ASSOCIATED AREAS A room designed to take an air compressor to provide
compressed air to the various presses and dress-forms.
11.2.1 CLEANING PRODUCT STORE:
Room designed for the storage of cleaning products used in 11.2.4 HOUSEKEEPER’S OFFICE
the laundry. see ref 9.5
THIS VENTILATED ROOM SHALL BE PROVIDED WITH A LOCKABLE
DOOR, LIGHTING, A FLOOR GULLY AND SHELVING. 11.2.5 DRY-CLEANING
If the hotel its own dry-cleaning service, a room separate from
11.2.2 NEW LINEN STORE the laundry shall be allocated to this function.
Store immediately next to the laundry for the storage of new This room shall be particularly-well ventilated; the washer
linen: a ventilated room provided with a lockable door, lighting, extractor shall be encased in an extraction hood.
a floor gully and shelving.

11.2.6 DRY CLEANING PRODUCT STORE:


This room (separate from that used for cleaning products) shall
be provided with an air supply and ventilation extract and shall
have a lockable door, lighting, a floor gully and shelving.
11.2.7 SPECIFIC PARTITIONING FOR THE EQUIPMENT

The washing machines may be built in, in order to allow the


separation of dirty linen from clean linen; this shall be the case
for aseptic washer extractors.
The tumble dryers shall be encased in order to prevent
excessive heat being given off (it will be necessary to provide
sufficient access for the maintenance of the equipment).
The dry cleaning machines shall be encased and provided with
a hood to collect and extract the fumes released when the
door is opened.

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11.3 FLOORS, WALLS AND CEILINGS
11.3.1 SCHEDULE OF FINISHES

Room Floor Skirtings Walls Ceiling lighting;


Laundry and its associated Stoneware Stoneware Enamelled Cassettes (c) Recessed
areas and corridors (a) Sealed joints with cove stoneware or paint fluorescent (e)
+ hood lighting
Store corridor Stoneware Stoneware Enamelled Suspended ceiling Recessed
Cement joints with cove stoneware or paint (f) fluorescent (e)
Paint (d)
Linen Stores Stoneware Stoneware Paint Painted concrete Fluorescent strip
lights
Staff toilets Stoneware Stoneware Ceramic tiling Suspended ceiling Fluorescent fittings
Cement joints Paint or painted
concrete (f)
Staff cloakrooms Stoneware Stoneware Paint Suspended ceiling Fluorescent fittings
Cement joints or painted
concrete (f)
(a) The floors in these rooms are regularly wet.
Stoneware up to a height of 2 m and epoxy paint above.
(b)

(c) Suspended ceiling lacquered aluminium cassettes. Alternative : epoxy paint on concrete.
Alternative possible if the pipework and supply cables from above are in the perimeter corridors or rooms.

(d) Enamelled stoneware to a height of 1.40 m above the skirting in the service and store corridors and paint above

(e) Suspended sealed light fittings when there is no suspended ceiling. In this case, it shall be possible to clean the top.

(f) A suspended ceiling will often be necessary to conceal pipework , cables.& ductwork.

(g) Alternative: insulating panels with "tear-drop" pattern austenitic stainless steel sheet floor.

11.3.2 ARRANGEMENTS TO FACILITATE CLEANING

All necessary arrangements shall be made to facilitate MOBILE TROUGHS FOR CLEANING
cleaning of the laundry zone and, for this purpose:
MOBILE TROUGHS WALL TAP
• Floors shall be washable and provided with gullies
and channels;
• Skirtings shall be coved;
• Wall finishes shall be coved at internal angles;
• It shall be possible to take suspended ceilings down
for cleaning;
• Light fittings shall be recessed;
• there shall be no horizontal surfaces that are
inaccessible for cleaning;
• Pipework shall be built into walls in sleeves and
distribution shall be from the top in order to avoid
the need for bases and obstacles on the floor;
• Soaking tables and trough shall be mounted on
castors provided with a brake;
• one or more cleaning stations shall be provided.

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11.3.3 TILED FLOORING 11.3.4 SKIRTINGS

Stoneware tiling size 20 x 20 cm (approximately) or 30 x 30 Stirrings shall be in stoneware, with a cove, and external (A)
cm, washable and non-slip (PC 27). and internal (B) angle pieces (sit-on coved skirtings will not be
accepted)
Recommended reference: Brand: Graniti Fiandre
Through-coloured stoneware - 20 x 20 x 12 mm thick A B
Colour: White, Malaga, Asiago
DIN slip rating: R 12 – CNAMTS: 0,33
UPEC rating: U4 P4S E3 C2
Porosity: 0.03 – 0.08%
ISO stain resistance: Category 5

Floors shall be laid level, but shall have diamond point falls
around floor gullies and drainage channels.

Expansion joint around perimeter

Coved skirtings shall also be provided around bases.

The method of laying shall be specified by the designers to suit


the requirements for waterproofing and for acoustic insulation
against impact noise:

• resin waterproofing or bitumen elastomer system;


• floating screed on waterproofing;
• floating screed on resilient material;
• cement mortar screed to falls;
• adhesive on floating screed or on concrete slab;
• adhesive on resilient material;
• adhesive on waterproofing system and resilient
material. 11.3.5 TILED BASES

Joints shall be approximately 5 mm wide and shall be filled, Concrete bases with coved skirting surrounds shall be
depending on circumstances: provided:

• Waterproof joints – with a mineral product that is


100% resistant to corrosive agents (example: • around fixed items of equipment;
Botament Systembaustoff), in the laundry zone
(frequent washing); • and, in the occasional case where a pipe passes
• Standard joints – with special cement grout in the through (dishwasher for example), there shall be a
joints in the stores and corridor zone. small concrete block with a coved skirting, external
A and internal B angles and a tiled top.
Expansion joints shall be provided around the perimeter
against the coved skirtings.
Stainless metal threshold strips shall be provided between t
tiling and other floor finishes.

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11.3.6 FLOOR GULLIES AND CHANNELS As laundries are classified as "areas exposed to water", a
product shall be used to prevent water from penetrating under
Washing water and drain water from sinks shall drain via open the tiling and an appropriate waterproof adhesive shall be used
floor gullies with a square grille (≥ 30 x 30 cm) with a basket for fixing the tiling to the walls.
(A) and channels with a grille (B), all in stainless steel.
11.3.8 TRIM AT WALLANGLES

The tiling shall include:

• stainless steel coving in internal angles (A);


• stainless steel angle protectors (B) built into the
thickness of the tiling.
A B

The cover grilles and the baskets shall be necessary to


facilitate the frequent washing of the gullies and channels.
The trim and the fixing details shall take into account the
method of laying the tiling and, if applicable, the waterproofing
or the acoustic insulation.

WITH WATERPROOFING W ITHOUT WATERPROOFING


8 9
1 1 2
2
3 3
4 7

5 5
6 6

Stainless steel aisi 307


1 Tiling
2 Slurry or adhesive Note : Self-adhesive angle corners will
3 Bedding mortar or screed not be accepted.
4 Waterproofing
5 Concrete
6 Waste pipe
7 Plate incorporated into the double-entry gully
8 Double-entry gully 11.3.9 PROTECTION OF WALLS
9 Traditional trap
Sections exposed to impact of trolleys shall be fitted with
11.3.7 WALLS IN THE LAUNDRY ZONE protective rails with concealed fixings, fixed at one or two
The walls shall be faced with white or light-coloured (grey or heights, to suit the bumpers on the trolleys.
beige) stoneware tiles size 20 x 20 cm (approximately), with a
coloured frieze near the top. "Acrovyn" examples
Different colours shall indicate the "way forward concept.

Bio Lign 200

Dirty Clean Finished

Aronde 170 duo

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11.3.10 CEILINGS 11.3.11 LIGHTING FITTINGS

There are two possible options for ceilings: • All lighting fittings shall be sealed and shall be fitted
with fluorescent tubes with electronic ballast.
• painted ceiling; • In suspended ceilings, they shall be recessed (A).
• suspended ceiling. • If there is no suspended ceiling, the light fittings
shall be suspended (B) at an accessible height so
A painted ceiling will be possible if the service supplies from that they are easy to clean.
the top can be located around the perimeter of the laundry (A), • Inside hoods, they shall be of the "high
otherwise a suspended ceiling (B) will be needed. temperature" type, recessed (C) in the hood and
designed to allow them to be cleaned.
If there are ceilings at a lower level, , the upper section (C)
shall be partitioned so that the top (which would be difficult to IN SUSPENDED CEILING UNDER CONCRETE CEILING
clean) does not form part of the volume of the laundry.

The same principle shall apply to ventilation ductwork which A B


shall be encased in a lining.(D)

A A
Table de

The emergency lighting units shall also be sealed.

C D
11.3.12 CLEANING POINTS

Cleaning points shall include a reel with a low-pressure nozzle


and a unit for the dilution of cleaning products, supplied from
drums. They shall be provided in sufficient numbers so that
any point is accessible with limited lengths of hose, and shall
PAINTED CEILINGS
be adapted to the layout of the laundry.
Ceilings to be painted may be in fair-faced concrete or
plasterboard.

• In the laundry areas, they shall be painted with


washable, gloss, epoxy paint, with a high-quality
finish.

• In stores, corridors and plant rooms, they shall be


painted with washable acrylic paint, standard finish.

SUSPENDED CEILINGS IN THE LAUNDRY AREAS Note – In order to allow for washing, all electrical equipment in
the volume of the laundry shall be water resistantt.
The suspended ceilings shall comprise painted aluminium
cassettes, mounted on a concealed framework and easily
demountable for cleaning.

SUSPENDED CEILINGS IN CORRIDORS AND SUNDRY AREAS

In corridors and sundry areas, they may be in moisture-


resistant boards or tiles, self-supporting or fixed to an
exposed grid framework. In all cases, they shall be easily
demountable for access to pipework and cables.

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12 BUILDING SERVICES INSTALLATIONS
12.1 PLUMBING

12.1.1 BASES OF CALCULATION

Simultaneity factor: y = 0.02 + 1.6 Principle of cut-off


√ x -1
Air vent in the hydraulic circuit creating an air gap
y = Simultaneity factor between two units, one carrying or containing drinking
x = Number of taps supplied water (on inlet), the other carrying the water to the point of
use (on outlet).
Cold water (CW) and hot water (HW)
The vent may be provided by means of a free flow into a
Flow rates at taps diam. mm tank or a "cut-off" apparatus providing this function,
Unit flow which may be controllable or non-controllable.
rates CW HW CW HW
Cold water hot Cold water hot
½" taps 0.33 l/sec 0.33 l/sec 15 diam. 15 diam.
2 - At to level of the taps
¾" taps 0.42 l/sec 0.42 l/sec 20 diam. 20 diam. • Use of stop valves generally (type AA).
equipment As the suppliers' instructions (caution: do not
confuse with hourly consumption). 3 - At water treatment level
• A non-return valve with stop valve on its inlet and a
Wastes test tap on the inlet to the appliance (type EA).
• 2 taps on the circuits on the inlet and the outlet of
Unit flow rates from the Flow rate diam. mm
the appliance (type X).
appliances
½" sink taps 0.75 l/sec 45 diam. • Air vent waste via a tundish and trap at each
drainage point (type Y).
¾" sink taps 0.90 l/sec 55 diam.
Stainless steel floor gullies with 80 2 l/sec 75 diam. 4 - Commissioning
diam. outlet
Stainless steel floor gullies with 100 2.5 l/sec 95 diam. Commissioning shall include disinfection and rinsing of the hot
diam. outlet water and cold water systems to be carried out by a specialist
Equipt: to be stated on the equipment drawings contractor. The disinfection certificate shall be submitted
to the hotel operator.
12.1.2 PROTECTION OF DRINKING WATER In the event of work being carried out on an existing
installation, the lengths of the systems affected shall be
For protection against the risk of legionella, hot water pipework isolated so that the disinfection and rinsing can be carried out
shall withstand a permanent temperature of 60°C and an without disturbing the remainder of the installations.
occasional shock treatment temperature of 70°C.

1 – On the main supplies 12.1.3 PROTECTION AGAINST NOISE


(See documentation on the protection systems)
ACCOR acoustic performance criteria
• A non-return valve with a stop valve on its inlet and • Speed of the water in the pipework: < 1.50 m/sec.
a test tap • Pipework preferably in high density cross-linked
• A hydraulic cut-off (type CA or BA) for the cold polyethylene (XLPE), the relative flexibility of which
water or hot water circuits feeding closed circuit absorbs vibrations.
machines such as washing machines : • Woven stainless steel hose connections to the
laundry equipment.
The hydraulic cut-offs shall be one of two types, depending on • Taps with flow regulator (12 l/min) and splash
the apparatus served: preventer.
• Non-controllable cut-off with valve on inlet and test
tap for use on small installations, in principle up to
20/27 diameter (type CA).
• controllable cut-off with valves on inlet and outlet,
filter fitted with a rinse valve for large installations
(type BA).

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12.1.4 COLD WATER AND HOT WATER DISTRIBUTION PRINCIPLE OF MANIFOLDS

1 – Water meters and distribution systems B


Outlets to the fittings
At connections from the common installations of the hotel, the
laundry cold water and hot water supplies shall be fitted with
meters with an electronic transmitter, enabling consumption of
B B
the service to be checked, with a connection to the Building
Management System or a remote meter-reading service.

Three services shall be installed for the laundry equipment:

• softened domestic hot water at Th 5/7°,


temperature 60°C (fitted with a volume meter);
• untreated cold water (fitted with a volume meter);
• softened cold water at Th 3/5°, for use
A
2 – Principle of water distribution (manifolds) H&CW
supplies A A
The distribution to each tap and apparatus shall be from stop
valves grouped together on manifolds in the service ducts and
run at high level:
Cold water (CW)
• either on the suspended ceiling in the laundry;
• or on the ceiling of the surrounding areas.

The layout of the service duct shall be determined so as to


limit the lengths of dead ends (*) and, if necessary, distribution
shall be in zones from several ducts.

(*) The volume of water contained in the pipework


between the manifold and the draw-down point shall
not be greater than 3 litres (protection against the
risk of legionella).
A
3 – Pipework
Duct Laundry room
The cold water and hot water pipework shall be:
Hot water (HW)
• in cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE);
• or in pre-insulated XLPE;
• in bare copper;
• or in pre-insulated copper.

Drops shall be built in or concealed within a double partition


and there shall be no exposed pipework in the laundry or water
supplies up through the floor.

Building in Double partition

Duct Laundry room

Quarter turn stop valve


Non-return valve (antipollution)
A Other fittings on the manifolds:
o volume meter (consumption control);
o pressure gauge to check pressure;
o bleed valves;
o each circuit identified with an engraved label.

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4 – Requirements for Pressurised water systems VENTILATION OF THE APPLIANCE WASTES

• Regulating pressure reducers shall be installed so Secondary ventilation will not automatically be required, but it
that the working pressure of the cold water and hot shall be provided when necessary for the correct operation of
water distribution is between 2.5 and 3.5 bar at any the installation. This concerns drain runs that serve more than
draw-off point. 4 or 5 appliances and must therefore be treated as main drain
runs.
(This pressure shall not be exceeded on XLPE pipework,
which may be subjected to thermal shock at 70°C). SEPARATION OF DRAINAGE SYSTEMS

The laundry waste drainage system shall be kept separate


• Cold water pipework subject to a risk of
from the kitchen waste drainage system, which shall be fitted
condensation (particularly above false ceilings)
with a grease trap located before its connection to the common
shall be pre-insulated or lagged.
system.
• Hot water pipework shall be pre-insulated or PROTECTION AGAINST BACKFLOW FROM THE DRAINS
lagged.
As the external drains are capable of being full of water up to
• The lagging shall be classified as "non- the level of the roadway, if the installations are at a lower level
inflammable". than the road, the wastes shall be run to a lift pump and the
backflow pipework, with its non-return valve, shall be run in a
• Pipework chased in walls shall be run in a crosshead above the level of the road.
continuous sleeve and shall have no joints in their
length.

• Workmanship shall comply with applicable


standards and manufacturer's instructions. Public road

5 – Connection to the equipment

Each individual connection shall terminate at a wall-mounted


recessed elbow connection with a threaded socket to enable a
tap or a hose for the connection of an item of equipment to be
fixed.
2 Waste drainage systems
When the point to be fed has 1 cold water + 1 hot water point,
the two connections shall be grouped together on a recessed The drains serving the laundry and its associated areas, from
fixing plate. the floor gullies and channels, shall be capable of resisting
very hot water and the corrosiveness of water containing
Generally, any supply point shall be fixed onto supports detergents.
recessed into the wall, of a type as provided by the
manufacturer. The main pipework shall be in polyethylene or in non-corroding
cast iron, with elastomer gaskets and straps and hangers. (Or
6 – Limits to the extent of work special gaskets on underground systems).

The taps to the soaking trough shall not be fixed to the trough No section of these systems shall be run in a diameter of less
but shall be of the wall-mounted type. They shall be provided than 100 mm. The falls shall be set at ≥ 3% and rodding eyes
by the laundry equipment contractor and fixed by the plumber. shall be provided at changes in direction and every 3 m.

The hoses for connecting the laundry equipment and the hand Runs of the systems in unheated basements shall be lagged.
rinse basins to the plumbing services shall be supplied and The tops of the pipes shall project above roof level as primary
fixed by the laundry equipment contractor, who shall generally ventilation outlets, in non-flammable PVC pipework.
provide the fixing of the laundry equipment.
If the drains are run underground, inspection chambers with
12.1.5 LAUNDRY WASTE WATER DRAINAGE stainless steel air-tight covers shall be provided.

1 Design of the drainage systems

PRIMARY VENTILATION

The waste stacks shall be vented at roof level above occupied


areas in order to ensure the proper flow of the water, the
maintenance of the water seal in traps and the ventilation of
the system and of the drains.

If the system has main pipes in branches that are not


connected to ventilated stacks, primary ventilation stacks shall
be formed at the top of these main pipes.

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3 – Floor channels and gullies SLOT CHANNELS

The floor gullies and channels shall be set out as shown on the
drawings of the laundry equipment and fixed by the plumber in
coordination with the tiling and the waterproofing:

• floor gullies in the various areas for cleaning;


• channels of various types, generally located
immediately below the open wastes from the
washing machines;
• large channels (width 400 mm) shall not be
installed in order to reduce the temperature and the
humidity in the laundry;
• water stop channels in front of the doors to goods
lifts.
This type of channel shall be provided next to the goods lift
In order to make it easier for the floor to be washed, the layout
doors and next to the doors between the laundry and the hotel
of the units shall be such that there is a floor gully or channel
corridors.
within 2.50 m of any point in the room.

All these units shall be made entirely from austenitic stainless


steel 18/10 (AISI 304 L or AISI 316), including the chequer FIRE SAFETY (REMINDER)
plate gratings.
If the channels are located over another room or a car park,
FLOOR GULLIES they must be enclosed in reinforced concrete, or other
material, casing to ensure continuity of the fire resistance of
Floor gully size 300 x 300 mm, with tamper-proof grating, the floor slab.
basket and 100 mm diameter vertical outlet, flow rate 2 l/sec.
Large-diameter waste pipes that pass through fire-resisting
If waterproofing is specified for the laundry floor, the floor gully floors or walls shall have adequate fire protection, validated by
shall also have a sealing and positioning plate to allow it to be the Fire Safety Officer and the Technical Supervisor.
connected to the waterproofing system.

Gully 30 x 30 cm Gully 30 x 30 cm Wastes to hand rinse basins


with sealing plate
The plumber shall form the wastes to the hand rinse basins in
polyethylene or copper pipework with all necessary bends and
fittings to connect them to the traps of the basins.

The vertical copper waste shall be built into the wall or


concealed within a double partition and shall be connected to
the main waste water pipes..

AIR VENT BACKFLOW PREVENTION


CHANNEL AND GRATING Certain items of equipment may require an air-vented waste.
This shall comprise a trapped tundish (Y shape) which shall be
Channel with splash-preventing, non-slip chequer plate grating surface-fixed to a wall using isolating collars. It shall be
size 250 x 250 mm, basket and 100 mm diameter vertical connected to the cast iron waste pipe provided by others,
outlet, flow rate 2 l/sec. These items are also available with a projecting from the floor.
side outlet:

If the laundry floor is waterproofed these same items are


available in a telescopic system with a waterproofing
connecting plate:

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12.2 TREATMENT (PROCESSING) AND DECANTATION OF WASTE WATER OF BUANDERIE

This installation shall be designed for the treatment of waste process water arising from: laundries, mechanical workshops, body
shops, small and large car washes, etc.
As the waste water enters the installation, it shall be subjected to pretreatments, such as, for example, settlement tanks, oil
removal etc., depending on its physical and chemical characteristics. (estimate for LAUNDRY 20 m3/day)

Installation de traitement physique –chimique

Control panel Control room

In – pretreatment Out

Self-priming Active carbon filter


pump

Storage tank

functional characteristics
The installation shall comprise two sections: a collection compartment to take the water from the pretreatments, and the physical
and chemical treatment module DM-3 / 500.
This shall be built into a fully-accessible cupboard (with two doors on the outside and a loading cover for the liquid storage) with an
integral electrical panel, in which shall be housed all the electrical and mechanical equipment.

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12.3 GAS DISTRIBUTION IN THE LAUNDRY

A gas supply from the public main or from a gas tank shall be • distribution of the gas in the ceiling and built-in
provided for the laundry if it is possible and if it is not forbidden drops in sleeves in the walls, in copper tubing, up to
under regulations. the various items of equipment. The tails to each
item of equipment shall have visible and accessible
The gas connection shall include a (pulse anything)meter and stop valves;
a pressure regulator. • painting of the pipework and indicator panels in the
conventional yellow colour (ISO standard).
From the gas valve provided at the pressure regulator, the
installation shall comprise: Horizontal pipework shall preferably be visible under
suspended ceilings (when it is compatible with the nature of
Externally the area).

• the connection to the valve; If it has to be run above the ceiling, the suspended ceiling void
• manual emergency stop valve in a glass-fronted in which the gas pipework is run shall have ventilation grilles.
cabinet, with a clearly-visible indicator panel located
in a position accessible to the fire brigade, before If the gas pipework passes through another room, it shall be
the entry of the gas into the building. protected by a duct with an REI 60 fire rating, the ends of
which shall be left open in order to ventilate the duct.

Gas pipework shall not be run through the car parks. If it is


inevitable, it shall be enclosed in a duct to provide fireproofing
and mechanical protection.

If the gas is shared between the laundry and the laundry,


individual sub-metering shall be provided on the gas service to
the whole of the laundry.

The gas installation shall comply with local safety rules and
Internally shall include, in all cases, gas detection in the laundry and, if
necessary, an automatic cut-off valve linked to that detection.
• gas pipework inside the building up to the laundry; All visible and non-visible gas pipework shall be painted yellow
• manual stop valve located in an accessible and (iso standard)
visible position, with an indicator panel, positioned
close to the point of entry of the gas into the …………….
laundry;

A dry cleaning machine shall never be positioned next to a gas heating device.

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12.4 VENTILATION AND AIR CONDITIONING OF THE LAUNDRY ZONE

12.4.1 VENTILATION OF THE ROOMS

1 – Components of the installations 3 Ventilation of the dry-cleaning room

• Extract hood The air changes in the area shall be:


o over the dry-cleaning machine • at least 20 volumes per hour if a prior evaluation of the
• Extraction system from the above hood and risks shows an exposure to PERC and to halogenated
branches and extract grilles in partitioned or remote solvents;
associated areas (see ironing tables) • at least 10 volumes per hour if a machine complying with
standard NF107 is installed: closed-circuit cleaning, fitted
• Fresh air make-up equipment comprising,
with additional devices enabling exposure to PERC to be
depending on the size of the laundry and the
limited (automatic filling, for example);
climatic conditions of the site:
• at least 5 volumes per hour if no exposure to products
o an external air intake grille, open directly onto
classified as carcinogenic or toxic (traditional water
the laundry;
machines, wet-cleaning process).
o an air handling unit, supply air ducts and
diffusers. The volume taken into account for the calculation of the level
• Mechanical ventilation of stores of air renewal shall be that of the room, with the deduction of
the volume of the equipment in it.
2 – Guidelines The extraction flow rate taken into account for the calculation
of the air renewal shall be the sum of the general ventilation
The design of the laundry ventilation shall be coordinated with flow rate and the extraction flow rates of the local devices
that of the air-conditioning of the hotel, in order to avoid operating permanently while staff are present.
nuisances: acoustic and smells.

The dry-cleaning room shall be kept at negative pressure in


relation to the remainder of the hotel.

The fresh air shall be supplied to the laundry by an air


treatment installation, which shall compensate for the
extracted air, while still maintaining the negative pressure.

A HEAT RECOVERY SYSTEME SHOULD BE PROVIDED ON THE LAUNDRY EXTRACTION


DUCTWORK

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4 – Permanent ventilation
If the horizontal run of ductwork is outside the laundry, the
A laundry is a very humid room, in which heat and fumes are inspection cover shall be a double cover, with a fire-resisting
given off continuously (motors of washing machines, dryers, cover fixed on the duct.
rotary ironers) and in which there is always a characteristic
smell. 12.4.3 EXTRACT AND AIR DISCHARGE FANS

It will be necessary to provide permanent ventilation, 1 – Criteria to be taken into account:


programmed by a weekly time-clock, to ensure air changes • vertical-jet two-speed or variable-speed fan;
and to maintain the negative pressure in relation to other • ease of cleaning the assembly: access to the fan
areas. and dismantling of its various parts;
• noise level of the equipment compatible with its
.
environment;
• local switch (safety device for maintenance).
LANDRY ASSOCIATED AREAS
If it is not possible to install a rooftop fan, the extraction unit
shall be located as close as possible to the discharge grille.
The ventilation of these areas shall generally be connected to
the hotel's extraction system, with an air change rate of 2 A weathertight electrical panel shall be provided for the supply,
volumes / hour. protection, remote controls and local switch.
All equipment located outdoors shall have an anti-corrosion
These rates may be increased to allow for large heat sources treatment with an epoxy paint finish, and fixing accessories
(in relation to the volume of the room). and bolts shall be in stainless steel.

Air may be extracted from certain areas by transfer through 2 – Laundry fan
openings in these areas onto adjacent rooms or corridors,
provided that the extraction is correctly located opposite the air
The extract fan from the laundry shall be independent from
inlet, so that complete air changes can be ensured.
that from the laundry. It shall have the same characteristics.

3 – Air discharge
12.4.2 VENTILATION DUCTWORK SYSTEM
The location of the discharge, always at the top of the building,
1 – Ventilation ductwork shall be determined to suit:
The extract ductwork from the hood over the dry-cleaning • prevailing winds, that risk driving back smells and
machine shall be made from black iron sheet ≥ 2 mm thick, creating smell problems for the hotel guests or for
with welded joints, perfectly air-tight and protected externally neighbours;
against corrosion. The other extract ductwork and the air • the fresh air inlets which should not be less than 8
supply ductwork shall be made from galvanised steel. m from the discharge;
• possible nuisance to constructions nearby.
The ducts may be of circular section or rectangular section
(ratio L /l < 2/1). If there is a discharge grille, it shall have anodised or
lacquered aluminium rain-proof blades and shall be removable
The extract ductwork shall not be lagged; the supply air for cleaning. This grille shall be compatible with the air
ductwork shall be lagged if necessary, depending on the discharge speed so that it does not cause any noise problems
climatic conditions of the site. (whistling or vibration).
2 – Air speed

The air speed in the extraction ductwork shall be limited:

• Supply air 4 m/second


• Extract ≤ 6 m/second

3 – Fire safety of ventilation ductwork

There shall be no fire dampers in the hood extraction system


(see article 4).

This means that the extract duct shall be fixed inside a vertical
fire-resisting duct, constructed with the structure of the
building, and that the horizontal run of the duct shall have a
protective casing that is fire-resisting in both directions
(possible fire inside or outside the duct).

4 – Inspection covers in the extract ductwork

In order to permit cleaning, an airtight, easily-removable


inspection cover shall be provided:

• at the bottom of vertical lengths of duct, with a


residue collector;
• and, on horizontal runs, every 3 metres and at each
change of direction of more than 30°.

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12.4.4 M AKE-UP AIR SUPPLY
The diffusers shall be designed to limit the residual air speed Each unit shall comprise:
at the workstation to ≤ 0.3 m/sec.
• an independent low-speed air/air "refrigerator" type
Air handling unit evaporator for these areas (wall-mounted rather
than ceiling-mounted, so that filters can be changed
Note – Refer to the brand's "Air-conditioning" technical easily);
requirements concerning: • connection of the condensates to a drain;
• external "condenser" units, the locations of which
• the air handling unit: shall be selected to ensure correct operation and to
• fire safety in the unit; avoid noise problems for the surrounding areas;
• the regulation of the unit; • a thermostat and control box in the each room
• the electrical panel or distribution board; involved;
• the controls of the ventilation installation. • connection pipework and cabling between the
indoor and outdoor units, lagging and accessories.

The hotel's chilled water system shall not be used, as the


laundry installations will have to be working when the cooling
of the hotel may not be in service.

12.4.5 COOLED AREAS FOR DRY CLEANING

Air conditioning systems shall usually consist of independent


DX units (split systems or VRV)

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12.5 LAUNDRY ELECTRICAL INSTALLATION

12.5.1 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS For the laundry, the stand by supplies shall include:
• Lighting
The electrical installation shall comply with applicable safety • Power to ironing tables and compressors
standards, concerning matters such as:
12.5.3 ELECTRICAL DISTRIBUTION BOARDS
• Separation of the circuits between public areas and
service areas; Depending on the layout of the laundry and its associated
• Separation of lighting circuits and power circuits; areas, a single laundry power distribution board may be
• Earthing; provided, or one main laundry board and other boards or
• Residual current circuit breakers; panels serving remote items of equipment.
• Emergency stop switches;
The power panel shall be ≥ I x 2 with a door and shall be
• Emergency lighting. located inside a dedicated room or a cupboard with a lockable
fire-resisting door.
Supply voltage to be in accordance with local standards,
generally: For small laundries or associated areas, the cabinet or panel
may be located within the room, in a recess or in a passage as
• 3 Phase + N 230/400 V - 50 Hertz; far away from potential impact or water sources. In such case
• 230 V - for "lighting" and small power, they will be ≥ IP 55 with a lockable door.
• 400 V for the "power" circuits.
The "power" compartments shall not be grouped together with
The maximum voltage drop between the origin of the MV the lighting circuits, which shall be either fed from the nearest
installation and the furthest point of use shall not exceed: secondary distribution boards, in the building or located in a
panel separated from the “power” board.
• < 3% for the "lighting" and "socket outlet" circuits;
• < 5% for the "power" circuits.
12.6 CONTENT OF MAIN DISTRIBUTION BOARD:
The power load calculation shall be established for the whole
of the hotel, including the laundry equipment, making • Meters with an electronic transmitter connected to
allowance, without excess, for logical simultaneity factors the BMS
according to the possible total demand at different times of the o General meter for the consumption of the
day. laundry installations
o Maximum load indicator, with reset to 0
The wiring in the laundry area shall be run: • Sets of bus bars protected with plastic screens
• Earthing
• horizontally, on cable trays above suspended
• Main switch
ceilings or in conduits cast into concrete slabs, if
there is no suspended ceilings;
• vertically, in conduits cast into walls, and on cable
trays in service ducts.

(Only stores may have an exposed electrical distribution in • Push” type emergency shutdown
plastic conduit fixed on collars with plastic connectors and • Main circuit breaker
tees.) • Live current warning lamp (LEDs)
• Differential circuit breakers protecting the circuits
The cable trays shall be made from welded stainless steel or
galvanised mesh and shall be positioned in such a way that • "Lamp test" button
they are accessible for maintenance (particularly junction • Engraved and riveted circuit and sub-circuit
boxes). They shall include 30% spare capacity for possible identification labels
additions. The cables shall be aligned and fixed into the cable • Wiring diagram in pocket inside the door
trays. (No bunched cables.)
The various connections shall be protected individually by
residual current circuit breakers.
12.5.2 ELECTRICAL DISTRIBUTION IN THE LAUNDRY
The origins of the circuits on the bus bars shall be arranged
The neutral regime shall be determined by the consulting per room or per zone, leaving spare space of 20% on the end
engineer by application of local standards and codes and, in all of each series of outlets for the subsequent addition of items of
cases, protection by means of residual current circuit breakers equipment.
with appropriate selectivity shall be ensured.
Each outlet shall be identified with an engraved label.
Earthing shall be provided for the electrical distribution boards,
cable trays, tails for "power" installations, light fittings, socket EMERGENCY SWITCHES
outlet bases, hoods, metal frames, suspended ceilings and In each room, "push" type emergency stop buttons, reset by
their structures and, in a general way, for all metal items likely key, shall be provided on the cabinet (or panel), at the
to become live. entrance door and close to the main workstations (washing
machine, dryers, rotary iron), in locations not exposed to
If the hotel is equipped with stand by power supply, the circuits accidental impacts.
with normal supplies (N) shall be kept separate from those with
a normal and emergency supply (NS).

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Each emergency stop button in a room or zone shall cut off all 12.6.2 LIGHTING FITTINGS IN THE LAUNDRY AREAS
power supplies, without selectivity.
The lighting fittings shall be located so as to acheive average
lighting levels, with no low points less than 75% of the average
level.

All the fluorescent light fittings shall have electronic ballast.

The fluorescent light sources shall have a colour temperature


of 3000°K.
ALARM REPEATER (TECHINCAL ALARMS)
A repeater alarm shall be sent from the laundry distribution The light fittings shall comply with the standards for water-
board to the technical alarm panel to indicate faults. tightness, impact- and temperature- resistance, and fire-rating,
depending on the room and the location where they are fixed.
LOAD SHEDDING
They shall be supplied complete with accessories, trim, fixings
Depending on the power levels installed and the power levels and lamps. Those built into false ceilings shall include their
available in normal and/or stand by operation, an automatic, hangers and soffit fixings, independent of the ceilings'
selective load-shedding system, with simple or cyclical cut-off, framework and hangers.
may be necessary. This system shall be designed on a case
by case basis from an operational use scenario. The lighting controls shall include movement detectors with
delay switch (1/2h mini) so that they turn off at night (laundry,
12.6.1 SUPPLY TO THE LAUNDRY EQUIPMENT service corridors)

1 – Laundry equipment The manual switches for each room or zone shall be located at
the entrances (in zones not provided with movement
The electrical connections shall be listed on the drawings of detectors): switch, two-way if there are several entrances, or
the laundry equipment, prepared by the laundry consultant. switches with remote timers and illuminated push-buttons in
large zones and corridors.
The supplies shall be from above, with drops in conduit built
into walls.

Tails shall be three-phase+N+E type or single-phase+E type


and shall include, depending on circumstances:
• a sealed terminal box, built in wall approximately 50
cm above floor level, with a cable outlet at the
bottom, with a gland;
• a sealed terminal box with an isolating switch, built
in wall approximately 140 cm above floor level, with
a cable outlet at the bottom, with a gland.
Cables approximately 2 m long, provided to connect the
equipment to the terminal boxes, shall first be fixed to the
equipment (unconnected cables, which may become live, shall
not be left).

2 – Small fittings

The socket outlets, switches, push-buttons, indicator lamps,


etc. shall be sealed type and made of highly resistant
material, metal or polycarbonate, with screw fixings. They shall
generally be built in or semi-built in.

Ref: IP 44 minimum

In the stores zones, they may be surface-fixed.

4 – Sundry other supplies

The independant air-conditioning units in the cooled laundry


zones shall be fed from the laundry "power" panel.
The laundry supply and extract fans shall be fed directly from
the hotel's main medium-voltage distribution board.

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In the laundry room, the units shall be of sealed type and shall
12.7 EMERGENCY LIGHTING be used over each exit to indicate the escape routes.

The emergency lighting shall generally be provided by means In corridors, they shall be positioned in such a way that at least
of independent emergency units, 60 lumens, one hour one unit can always be seen from any location.
autonomy, not permanently on, permanent indicator lamp.
They shall have a remote stand-by switch and control boxes In the stores zones, one unit shall be provided over each exit.
that allow the units to be tested in sectors.

12.8 TELEPHONE, COMPUTERS

The laundry zone shall be provided with a telephone and • In the housekeeper's office:
computer installation: o 1 telephone point
In the laundry: o 2 RJ 45 data point
• 1 Telephone point + 1 RJ 45 data point

12.8.1 FIRE PROTECTION

Equipment concerning the laundry and its associated areas: • sprayed water and CO² fire extinguishers
distributed at critical places and close to exit doors.
• Addressable fire detection system:
o combined optical / thermal detectors in the As applicable – Depending on the Fire Safety consultant
laundry; design:
o optical detectors in the other rooms and
corridors; • mechanical or natural smoke extraction;
o action indicators for each zone or each room • hosereels;
(isolated rooms); • sprinkler system.
o manual deformable-membrane alarm
actuators located at exits;
o alarm sounders (louder than the ambient
noise) that are audible at all points in the
rooms and corridors;

12.9 GOODS LIFT

Any goods lifts for the exclusive use of the laundry services
shall be at least of the 1000 kg type. (Applicable when laundry
on different floor to deliveries)

They shall be accessible to trolleys in all cases and shall have


sliding doors, preferably centrally-opening, with a clear width of
1.10 m and a height of 2.10 m.

The whole interior of the car shall be in austenitic stainless


steel, with a chequer plate or teardrop pattern sheet metal
floor, and with protective rails on the walls at two heights for
the trolley buffers.

For use with trolleys, a simple push-button control shall be


provided, or call-collection, but without an immediate response
at intermediate levels, up or down.

If these goods lifts are to be used for other functions, for


example fire-brigade access, this shall be stated at the project
design stage.

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13 APPENDICES - DOCUMENTATION
13.1 APPENDIX A: DESIGN OF A DRY-CLEANING MACHINE USING PERCHLOROETHYLENE
(PERC)

Deodorisation by a current of cold air over the linen (cooling


13.1.1.1 Cleaning phase and elimination of traces of PERC).
The cooled air is improved by a cooling fluid,
The textile items are deposited in the drum, where they are sometimes supplemented by absorption over active carbon.
tossed in PERC, sometimes with the addition of a booster
(surface-active). 13.1.1.3 Distillation phase
The recovered solvent passes through the button filter (or
pin filter) and is then sent: This may be carried out at the same time as the cleaning or
either to the distiller; later.
or to the storage tank, after filtration in the solvent The used PERC is purified by distillation.
filter. At 88°C, the product is distilled and then sent to
the separator.
At 121°C, the distilled PERC is sent to the storag e
13.1.1.2 Drying phase /deodorisation tank.
Distillation is stopped as soon as the temperature
A current of hot air (50 to 70°C) is blown over th e textile rises, in order to avoid thermal decomposition, which takes
items to draw off the residual PERC; this passes through an place at a temperature of 140°C.
air filter (or fluff filter) and is then condensed and sent to the Non-distilled sludge is removed regularly from the bottom of
separator. the distiller manually (or automatically in the most recent
Discharge of the upper aqueous phase to the machines).
drain.
Recycling of PERC.

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13.2 APPENDIX B: DEVICES FOR THE PROTECTION OF DRINKING WATER SERVICES

Type AA – Unrestricted air-gap under tap Type CA – Non-controllable disconnector

An AA anti-backflow system has a complete and visible air- Same disconnection principle as type BA, but the fitting does
gap, provided permanently and vertically, between the lowest not contain a control device.
point of the supply outlet and any surface of the recipient,
determining the maximum level of filling, above which the
device overflows.

Types AB AC – Anti-backflow by means of air-gap


and overflow

Types AB and AC apply the same principle, but the water level
in the recipient is determined by a rectangular overflow on one
edge (AB) or a circular overflow with free flow on a Y-junction
(AC).

Type BA – Controllable disconnector

This device creates a break in the hydraulic flow, creating an


air gap between two units, one carrying or containing drinking
water (on inlet), the other carrying the water to the point of use
(on outlet).

The device enables each disconnection zone to be controlled Type EA – Anti-pollution non-return valve
and the safety devices to be kept watertight (blanking plates,
discharge valves). Controllable protection device fitted with a blanking plate
designed to allow water to circulate in one direction only.

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13.3 AIR INTAKE AND DISCHARGE

Principle of connection of the ironing tables to a centralised ventilation system


The ventilation system shall allow the connection of 2 ironing tables, 1 stain-removal station and 1
general ventilation outlet

Filter unit Fan on centralised


ventilation system
Lagged duct

To external
discharge

Energy
recovery
system

General ventilation
outlet

Stain-removal Ironing table, with or without


station autonomous fan

Principle of connection of the ironing tables to an independent ventilation system


Discharge of air to the outside provided by fans installed on each of the tables. Note the
essential provision of a non-return damper on the outlet to each ironing table

Non-return Lagged duct Filter unit


damper

To external
discharge

Fan Ironing table with autonomous fan

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Principle of connection of an ironing table (sectional view)

Lagged discharge
Lagged duct
discharge duct

Damper
Ironing Ironing
Table Table

Fan Damper
Fresh air Fan

Operation in supply mode Operation in extraction mode

Air discharge 3 cases

Air
Extract Air
Fan Air Extract Extract Active
Fan Fan Carbon

Dry-cleaning machine in its casing

1st case Discharge without filtration 2nd case Discharge without 3rd case Direct discharge to the
via a flue projecting 3 m beyond the filtration via a flue projecting 3 m outside following filtration on a carbon
building above the ridge of the adjacent filter. The discharge point may be in
building an external wall or on the roof.

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13.4 ANNEXE C TECHNOLOGY UNDER TEST

Alternative solution under test: operation by water electrolysis.


This principle avoids the need for cleaning chemicals, reduces water consumption, and reduces washing
time, which reduces energy consumption.

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13.5 DRYER ENCLOSURE

13.6 LINEN CHUTE

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14 APPENDIX C: LAUNDRY, DRY-CLEANING AND
FINISHING EQUIPMENT
14.1 LAUNDRY:
14.1.1 GENERAL INFORMATION:
The volume to be treated per bedroom per day will vary, but reasonable allowance would be:
• 2/3-star hotel: 4/5 kg per bedroom;

• 4-star hotel: 6/8 kg per bedroom;

• 5-star hotel (luxury): 11/13 kg per bedroom.

A thalassotherapy hotel could see these quantities increase by 50%.


i. As a precautionary measure, when making the calculation, we assume an occupancy
rate of 100%, should be assumed.

ii. It should be assumed that the laundry is in operation 6 days per week, 48 hours per
week.

iii. It can be assumed that there are 3 days of linen in circulation (week end) and one day of
linen in stock.

iv. Formula for calculating the floor area needed for the laundry:

number of bedrooms x kg per bedroom x 7 days x 0.35 m²

48
 Example 100 bedrooms, 3-star hotel:

100 x 4 x 7 x 0.35
= 51 m²
48

Note: Preliminary sizing of laundry room applies only to surface areas for:
-
-

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14.1.2 CONSIDERATIONS PRIOR TO SELECTING EQUIPMENT:
The selection of equipment will depend on:

i. the local context (available suppliers qualifications of their operators and available maintenance
support);

ii. Hotel type and, functional & dimensional requirements;

iii. local laws concerning working hours, the additional cost of overtime, night- or weekend-
working.
14.1.3 EQUIPMENT NECESSARY:

1. Washing machines:

They shall be capable of dealing with the required quantities during the working hours of the laundry.
They shall have efficient spin-drying, shall consume little water and, as a result, little detergent, and
shall, after spin-drying, give a residual moisture content of 45% maximum. The machines shall be
provided with a cool down programme so as to avoid thermal shocks.
If the budget allows, "barrier" type machines, with input one side and extract the other, built into a
barrier, are recommended.
The washing machines may possibly be fitted with software to allow "Wet Cleaning".
(Heating elements used only while the water is being heated; if hot water inlet, heating time is
reduced.)

2. Rotary dryers:

They shall be capable of dealing with wearing apparel (at mid-load). The weight of sponge linen
(particularly where there is a swimming pool or a thalassotherapy centre) shall be the subject of a
precise analysis. The dryers shall be provided with a cool down system in order to avoid thermal
shocks and shall have alternate rotation of the drum, essential for large items, dressing gowns, etc.
Finally, they shall be provided with a filter that is very easy to clean.
The rotary dryers may possibly be fitted with humidity controllers to allow "Wet Cleaning".
(Heat elements used almost continuously, except during the cool down phase.)

3. Flatwork dryer ironer (for flat linen):

Productivity is directly linked to the diameter of the cylinder and to the heating system.
In countries with low labour costs, a machine with no options shall be favoured. They may be provided
with a feeder, first folder, cross-folder or stacker.
The net length may allow a sheet to be ironed along its length or along its width, without being folded!
(Heating elements in use permanently)
The flatwork dryer ironer is the machine that requires the most maintenance; it is therefore
recommended to install a second, smaller, machine to deal with unforeseen circumstances.

14.1.4 OTHER ITEMS OF EQUIPMENT NECESSARY:

 Towel folder: if there are a lot of towels to be folded, a towel folder is recommended. A towel folder
is a single-function machine, which thus requires less routine maintenance than a folding option on
a dryer ironer, which is a multi-function machine.

 Dirty linen and clean linen trolleys.

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 Mobile hanging racks.




 Mobile shelving.




 Soaking trough.

 Wet linen trolley.




 Sewing machine.




 Vacuum cleaner.



Possibly,
 a water-recovery system;

 a water treatment system that enables the requirement for detergent to be reduced even more.

14.1.5 GENERAL RECOMMENDATIONS:


i. Heating:

All items of laundry equipment have better productivity if they are steam-heated; this will require an oil-, gas- or electricity-
powered boiler. Steam boilers require rigorous and frequent checks, carried out by certified organisations.
If steam is not available, gas-heated machines will provide slightly lower productivity, but will require regular routine
maintenance.
Finally, electrically-heated machines will have the lowest productivity but, on the other hand, need only little routine
maintenance.
ii. Water softener:

The water circuits shall be provided with a water softener.


iii. Hot water:

A hot water supply will allow the speed of washing to be increased.

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15 DRY CLEANING EQUIPMENT
15.1 INTRODUCTION

i. This service shall provide a service for guests for their personal clothing and may also
deal with staff uniforms (non-washable).

ii. For a top-of-the-range hotel of 250 bedrooms, a floor area of approximately 60 m² will
be needed, including a room of 2 m² for solvents.

iii. The dry-cleaning room shall be separate from the laundry (reminder).

15.2 MINIMUM EQUIPMENT REQUIRED

1. A small washing machine with a small dryer (stacked).

2. A dry-cleaning machine, often 10 kg.

3. A stain-removal table.

4. A steam laundry press, with electric extraction.

5. An autonomous ironing table.

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6. A universal steam garment former.

7. A steam collar and cuff press.

8. A shirt former.

9. A steam press.

10. A manual shirt folder.

11. A counter wrapper.

12. A sewing machine.

13. Storage furniture.

15.2.1 OTHER EQUIPMENT: IF LARGE-SCALE DRY-CLEANING ACTIVITY


Specialist equipment for trousers, shoulders, small items shall be proposed.

Most of this equipment is available either in an autonomous version (with integral boiler), or to be connected to the steam system.

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16 APPENDIX LAUNDRY FLOOR AREA BRIEF

LAUNDRY SERVICES
WEIGHT/ HOUR 60 KG 75 KG 92 KG 110 KG
NOVOTEL MERCURE 100/130 140/170 180/210 220/250
PULLMAN SOFITEL 70/90 100/120 130/150 155/180
INDOOR LINEN CLEANING PROCESS incl,dry cleaning
1.4. Laundry 0 119 0 0 130 0 0 141 0 0 190 0
Reception and storage of dirty linen,
124.2 1 6 6 1 6,5 7 1 7 7 1 7,5 8
uniforms and guests' linen
Sorting, weighing and prewashing 1 10 10 1 12 12 1 12 12 1 14 14
127.6 Washing Drying and ironing of hotel linen 1 50 50 1 56 56 1 56 56 1 64 64
127.3 Dry cleaning (uniforms, guest linen) 0 20 0 0 23 0 0 25 0 1 27 27
125.3 Sewing, mending , marking area 1 2 2 1 2,5 3 1 2,5 3 1 3 3
124.1 Clean linen storage 1 18 18 1 19 19 1 20 20 1 22 22
124.4 Uniforms storage and dispatch 1 10 10 1 11 11 1 12 12 1 13 13
Clean linen trolleys dispatch area 1 6 6 1 6,5 7 1 7 7 1 7,5 8
125.2 detergents store 1 4 4 1 5 5 1 5 5 1 5 5
125.1 Amenities 0 4 0 0 4 0 1 5 5 1 6 6
127.4 House keeper office 1 8 8 1 8 8 1 8 8 1 9 9
Steam productiontechnical room 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
126 corridors 1 17 17 1 19 19 1 20 20 1 28 28
0 M² 131 M² M² 146 M² 155 M² 206

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LAUNDRY SERVICES
WEIGHT/ HOUR 155 KG 185 KG 215 KG 245 KG

NOVOTEL MERCURE 330/400 365/420 430/490 490/550


PULLMAN SOFITEL 220/250 250/300 300/350 350ch/400Ch
INDOOR LINEN CLEANING PROCESS incl,dry cleaning incl,dry cleaning incl,dry cleaning incl,dry cleaning
127 Laundry 0 234 0 0 249 0 0 273 0 0 292 0
Reception and storage of dirty linen,
127.1 1 8,5 9 1 9 9 1 9,5 10 1 10 10
uniforms and guests' linen
127.2 Sorting, weighing and prewashing 1 16,5 17 1 16,5 17 1 18 18 1 18 18
127.3 Washing Drying and ironing of hotel linen 1 88 88 1 96 96 1 99 99 1 107 107
127.4 House keeper office 1 11 11 1 11 11 1 12 12 1 12 12
127.5 Dry cleaning (uniforms, guest linen) 1 32 32 1 32 32 1 35 35 1 38 38
127.6 Sewing, mending , marking area 1 4 4 1 4 4 1 5 5 1 6 6
127.7 Clean linen storage 1 29 29 1 33 33 1 37 37 1 41 41
127.8 Uniforms storage and dispatch 1 14,5 15 1 15 15 1 15,5 16 1 16 16
127.9 Clean linen trolleys dispatch area 1 8,5 9 1 9 9 1 9,5 10 1 10 10
125.2 detergents store 1 5 5 1 5 5 1 5 5 1 6 6
125.1 Amenities 1 8 8 1 8 8 1 8 8 1 8 8
Steam productiontechnical room 0 0 0 0 14 0 0 15 0 0 16 0
126 corridors 1 35 35 1 36 36 1 40 40 1 42 42
0 Laundry Total M² 260 M² 275 M² 294 M² 314

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17 APPENDIX E: WET CLEANING OR WATER-
BASED ECO-FRIENDLY CLEANING

Water-based eco-friendly cleaning


Replacing Dry Cleaning

Document prepared with the kind assistance of: Danube: DANAQUA & Electrolux
Laundry : LAGOON™

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1.1 WET CLEANING: WHAT IS WATER-BASED CLEANING ?

Household linen and clothes have always been


cleaned with water.…
However, in the 18th century, when petroleum
became popular, solvents began to be used for
cleaning clothes: this was the start of “Dry
Cleaning”, still commonly called “pressing” in
France. At the beginning, hydrocarbons were used
th
but, in the middle of the 20 century, these were
replaced by less dangerous chlorinated
hydrocarbons in order to combat the risk of fires and
explosions. However, these new products turned
out to be much more toxic for the environment and
for health.

Cleaning which respects the environment…


The “Wet Cleaning” system can be applied to all
types of textiles and garments which are usually dry
cleaned. Only greasy stains need preliminary stain
removal before washing. Wet Cleaning efficiently
eliminates dirty marks, proteins, carbohydrates and
bacteria. As well, all of the unpleasant smells
associated with stains such as secretions, alcohol,
perspiration…are totally eliminated. Even clothes
made of leather or hide can be efficiently treated
with this system, without needing treatment before
washing.

Even though the most recent generation of


machines using Perchloroethylene (PERC, also
known as Tetrochloroethylene) had a very
acceptable level of security, with options allowing
the emission of solvent vapours to be limited, most
manufacturers have expended a lot of resources in
order to keep in line with the environmental
regulations that are in force.

Development of the “Wet Cleaning” technique


This technique was already used in the 1930’s by
professionals in the natural fibre textile industry to
remove dirty marks and stains which remained after
cleaning, by using only water and soap. In the
th
middle of the 20 century, when non-flammable
chemical products came on the market, this
technique was abandoned to the detriment of dry
cleaning.
However, dry cleaning requires products which are
hardly compatible with the environment and which is
not the case for water-based eco-friendly cleaning
designated by the name “Wet Cleaning”: the
continual development of the textile industry favours
fabrics which are easier to look after and are
resistant to water-based cleaning just as growing
environmental concerns have put the « Wet
Cleaning » technique back out in front.

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And which is suitable for all types of cleaning:
Dry cleaning was often used where there was a lack
of an efficient washing solution even though the
solvents which were used only worked actively on
greasy stains. Other types of dirty marks had to
undergo a pre-treatment.
Today, the solution of using water and detergents
works on stains thanks to:
- water,

- the mechanical action and the detergents,

- solvents, for a minority of stains.

This system respects the environment by using bio-


degradable products, respects the laundry by giving
it back softness and brightness, and respects users
by eliminating all risk of allergies or burns due to the The washing machines can be used either with
toxicity of the solvents. products and programmes specifically produced for
Profitability and Wet Cleaning go together the treatment of delicate garments or with classic
In Wet Cleaning, the equipment is multi-purpose. laundry products and cycles. A simple selector or
Because of this, everything can be handled without choosing the programme number allows the user to
having to call on sub-contractors. The services choose one or other use.
offered to clients by the professionals are more
varied and offer possibilities which formerly only
existed in the domain of dry cleaning. Investing in
this type of equipment is therefore sound as there is
a very quick return on the investment.
Wet Cleaning is perfectly suited to all spheres of
activity: the hotel business, care home for the
elderly…
“Wet cleaning” machines can also be used to do a
traditional wash if needed (terry towels, underwear
etc). The washing process is completed by tumble dryers
A complete range to meet all your needs equipped with a probe which checks the level of
With the progress achieved, nearly 100% of clothes residual humidity in the laundry. In fact, natural
can be handled by “Wet Cleaning”. For some fibres contain humidity and this must absolutely be
textiles which are delicate when soaked or moved maintained in order to avoid irreversible damage. A
about in water or to avoid any fading or change in probe in the drum at the heart of the laundry is the
the fabric, the machines are used with a half-load. most efficient process.

The washing parameters are under total control by


the component manufacturers. It is possible to add
tailor-made cycles either directly on the
microprocessor or with a memory card programmed
by a specialist. The LAGOON™ or DANAQUA
system already contains preprogrammed cycles for
delicate textiles, which can be redefined.

The drying cycle stops as soon as the programmed


humidity level is reached and a “cool down” phase
(a cooling of the laundry) follows: in this way, the
The washer-dryers are equipped with a speed finish and the quality of the textile, already
controller to guarantee a gentle drum movement, preserved thanks to the alternating rotation of the
which is why it is a question of specific equipment. drum as in a classic cycle, are optimized.
The entire development and the secret of success
lie in complete control of the mechanical action of
the laundry in the drum.

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A range of finishing equipment completes the
process so as to give the best possible results: this
equipment ensures the garments are perfectly
finished.

It is worth noting that for the washing and drying


machines to work efficiently they must be loaded
with 50% of the quantity of laundry scheduled for
traditional washing or drying.

Today, all equipment provided with the Wet


Cleaning option is designed to wash and dry gently,
thanks to control and mastery of:

- the mechanical effect,

- the water level,


No subcontracting is necessary and the
- the length of the washing cycle, performance of the equipment allows big savings to
be made: more suitable cycles need less water,
- the temperature, fewer detergent products and less energy for
heating.
- the speed of washing, mixing and drying.
What is more, laundry handled by Wet Cleaning has
- emptying a softer appearance and a pleasant smell.
1.2 EQUIPMENT NEEDED FOR THE ECO-FRIENDLY WATER-
With these options, professionals have a real BASED CLEANING SYSTEM “WET CLEANING”
solution for getting rid of all dirty marks with water
and with environmentally friendly detergents.

Finishing equipment will use a blowing system


unlike dry cleaning machines which will be
connected to a suction system so as to eliminate
traces and fumes of Perchloroethylene (PERC, also
known as Tetrachloroethylene).

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Example of equipment for 60/80 articles/day

Marking
Machine Stain Remover Washing Dryer Form Finisher Steam Press Wrapping Machine
Machine 1x 16 kgs
1 x 13 kgs

Wrapping
Marking Pre-treatment Cleaning Water extraction to Re-shaping and Touching up or
optimal humidity drying finishing

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Example of equipment for 900 articles per day/ 8 hours worked

Washing Machine Dryer Form Suction/Steam Trouser Steam Press Shirt Collar & Cuffs Wrapping
Marking Suction Stain
32 kgs 40 kgs Finisher Press Topper Finisher Finisher Machine
Machine Remover
X2 X2

Marking Pre-treatment Water extraction to Re-shaping and Touching up or finishing Wrapping


Cleaning optimal humidity drying

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Differences between cleaning with water (Wet Cleaning) and Dry Cleaning:

WATER-BASED ECO-FRIENDLY CLEANING DRY CLEANING


Preliminary Stain Removal: Preliminary Stain Removal:
• Only on greasy stains • On light and pigmentary stains:

o Food, perspiration, vegetables, tannin,


urine

Process: Process:
• 2 loads: washer and dryer (45 mn) • Only 1 load

• All garments o 1 Cycle 40-45 mn + recycling of


Perchloroethylene (PERC)
• Ecological process:
• Polluting system
o No toxic products
o Difficult work conditions (PERC is a
o Healthy work environment dangerous chemical product)

o Clean and fresh smell o Neighbourhood disturbed by the smell

o > 90% biodegradable o Treatment of the used water

• No regulatory constraints • Weighty and expensive regulations

• No special treatments • Waste treatment by specialist firms (mud deposits


in the filters)

• Annual servicing by certified body

Storage of detergent products: Storage of detergent products:


• No handling of toxic products • Handling of toxic products

Finishing: Finishing:
• Longer finishing time • Shorter finishing time

• Traditional ironing required • Different levels possible for different services


(Finer adjustments)
• Minimum finishing equipment
• Minimum finishing equipment
o Form finisher
o Ironing table using suction
o Ironing table

Summary: Summary:
• Flexible for all garments • Garments marked: Dry Clean Only

• Clean and fresh smell • Solvent smell

• Brighter colours and whiter whites • Colours lose their brightness/whites become grey

• A soft and supple feel • Good quality finishing

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Comparative table of cleaning performan ce

Greasy Stains
Pigmentary Stains
Light stains
Perspiration
Brightness of colours
Textile distortion
Sundry stains
Freshness

0 1 2 3 4 5 6
AquaClean
1 : unsatisfactory - 5 : ver y good
Dry Cleaning

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CALCULATION OF THE NECESSITY AND QUANTITY OF FINISHING EQUIPMENT 200 PAX

Example
Cook's cotton jacket which does not need a perfect finish
Cook's cotton trousers which do not need a perfect finish

Cotton jacket for maintenance work which does not need a perfect finish
Cotton trousers for maintenance work which do not need a perfect finish

Trouser/skirt for table service in easy-iron poly/cotton

Manager's woolen jacket which needs a perfect finish


Manager's woolen trousers/skirt which need a perfect finish
Type of Finish

Number of changes per week


WEIGHT PER ARTICLE

Coller & cuffs press


Quantity per week
TOTAL TO CLEAN
Quantity per day
Type of arcticle

Universal press
Trouser topper
Jacket finisher
Staff member

Ironing table

Shirt finisher
Quantity

Kitchen Jacket Kitchen 30 30 0,5 90 6 180 180


Trousers 30 30 0,3 54 6 180 180
Employee Blouse Maids 60 60 0,3 108 6 360 360
Trousers 60 60 0,3 108 6 360 360
Table service Skirt Waiter(ress) 50 50 0,2 60 6 300 300
Trousers 50 50 0,3 90 6 300 300 300
Shirt 100 100 0,15 90 6 600 600 600
Management Jacket Management 25 25 0,6 90 6 150 150 150
Trousers 25 25 0,3 45 6 150 150 150
Shirt 25 25 0,15 22,5 6 150 150 150
Number of items (Week) 2730
TOTAL STAFF 165 Number of items (Day) 455
Equivalent 200 staff with 1 day off in every 6 days Total weight 757,5 Total for the week 690 450 990 450 750 750

ZONE TO FILL IN Weight per day 126 6 working days / week 115 75 165 75 125 125
Conclusion:
Verification is needed that staff change every day as this has an influence on the Equipment productivity/hour 15 15 20 20 35 50
number of finishers.
THE NATURE OF THE MATERIAL WILL AFFECT THE TIME NEEDED ON THE Time required 7,7 5,0 8,3 3,8 3,6 2,5
FINISHER.
Hourly Capacity 16 8 working hours/day 0,96 0,63 1,03 0,47 0,45 0,31

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CALCULATION OF THE NECESSITY AND QUANTITY OF FINISHING EQUIPMENT 400 PAX

Example
Cook's cotton jacket which does not need a perfect finish
Cook's cotton trousers which do not need a perfect finish

Cotton jacket for maintenance work which does not need a perfect finish
Cotton trousers for maintenance work which do not need a perfect finish

Trousers/skirt for table service in easy-iron poly/cotton

Manager's woolen jacket which needs a perfect finish


Manager's woolen trousers/skirt which need a perfect finish

Type of Finish

Number of changes per week


WEIGHT PER ARTICLE

Coller & cuffs press


Quantity per week
TOTAL TO CLEAN
Quantity per day
Type of arcticle

Universal press
Trouser topper
Jacket finisher
Staff member

Ironing table

Shirt finisher
Quantity

Kitchen Jacket Kitchen 60 60 0,5 180 6 360 360


Trousers 60 60 0,3 108 6 360 360
Employee Blouse Maids 120 120 0,3 216 6 720 720
Trousers 120 120 0,3 216 6 720 720
Table service Skirt Waiter(ress) 100 100 0,2 120 6 600 600
Trousers 100 100 0,3 180 6 600 600 600
Shirt 200 200 0,15 180 6 1200 1200 1200
Management Jacket Management 50 50 0,6 180 6 300 300 300
Trousers 50 50 0,3 90 6 300 300 300
Shirt 50 50 0,15 45 6 300 300 300
Number of items (Week) 5460
TOTAL STAFF 330 Number of items (Day) 910
Equivalent 400 staff with 1 day off in every 6 days Total weight 1515 Total for the week 1380 900 1980 900 1500 1500

ZONE TO FILL IN Weight per day 253 6 working days / week 230 150 330 150 250 250
Conclusion:
Verification is needed that staff change every day as this has an influence on the Equipment productivity/hour 15 15 20 20 35 50
number of finishers.
THE NATURE OF THE MATERIAL WILL AFFECT THE TIME NEEDED ON THE Time required 15,3 10,0 16,5 7,5 7,1 5
FINISHER.
Hourly Capacity 32 8 working hours/day 1,92 1,25 2,06 0,94 0,89 0,63

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Direction Conception, Construction, Patrimoine

Installation: CHEMISTRY: Detergent products

The Set-up of the installations should be carried out


by Wet Cleaning specialists. In laundry work, a defect in a detergent product has
little effect on the textiles.
It will be important to take into account environmental
parameters:

• Water hardness

o pH

o Water temperature
In the water-based cleaning system “Wet Cleaning”,
the smallest error can have irreversible effects (felting
of wool, damage to the garment).

o Pressure at connection point - All manufacturers producing detergent


products are turning to Wet Cleaning and
offer their range of products with more or less
success.
• Energy used
- Lagoon™ uses a range of recommended
products particularly suitable for Wet
Cleaning endorsed by the Woolmark®
o Electricity Company.

o Gas

o Steam

• Chemistry ‘ Detergent products’

o Quality of detergent products


TRAINING
The variables will have a direct bearing on productivity
Technical
and on thetraining inthe
quality of eco-friendly
finishes. water-based “Wet Cleaning” is essential for using this system efficiently and
without risk to the garments treated.

The adjustment of the equipment must without fail be carried out jointly by the component manufacturers, the local supplier
of detergent products and the person in charge of the laundry in order to adapt the programmes to local specificities.

Length of training courses:


Employees specialised in Dry Cleaning Training: 2 days on site
Employees specialised in laundry work Training: 5 days on site
Employees without any training Training: 15 days
(5 days externally/ 5 days on site and a 5-day refresher course on site 3 months after the first course).

Danaqua & Lagoon™ provide these different training courses.

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