A.V.

C COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, MANNAMPANDAL

M.E – APPLIED ELECTRONICS
AP5008 – PATTERN RECOGNITION

QUESTION BANK

PART – A
1. Define Pattern Recognition.
2. What do you mean by random variable?
3. State feature extraction.
4. How is decision boundary determined using the linear separability concept?
5. What is meant by ‘training’ a classifier?
6. Write a note on parametric estimation method.
7. Mention the Bayes decision rule.
8. Provide the need of Clustering
9. Give the condition of linear LDF and generalized LDF.
10. List the different Clustering Techniques.
11. Define Synt PR.
12. List the structural relational graphs to PR.
13. What do you mean by dimension reduction in PCA?
14. Give the Density Estimation.
15. Explicate about the hierarchical clustering.
16. State String with suitable examples.
17. Provide the methods for determining the number of clusters.
18. What is meant by a metric?
19. Why do LDF’s look like in higher dimensions?
20. Write short note on soft partitioning.
21. State soft partitioning.
22. Define State Machine.
23. Write a note on Feature Selection.
24. Explicate Fuzzy logic in PR.
25. In what way you represent Pattern as vectors and strings?
Differentiate supervised learning and unsupervised learning.
PART – B
Discuss the general principal of Maximum likelihood estimation (assuming a
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Gaussian distribution of the features) for the following cases:
2 i) unknown mean, known co-variance matrix
ii) unknown mean and unknown co-variance matrix
Describe about the general theory of Bayesian Parameter estimation.
3 Differentiate supervised learning and unsupervised learning.
4 Explain different Pattern Recognition Approaches.
With the help of suitable diagram explain classifiers and functional structure of
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general statistical pattern classifier.
Enumerate Pattern Recognition Systems components of different operations in
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preprocessing, feature extraction and classification.
7 Explain the uni-variate and multivariate normal density functions with examples.
8 Write short notes on the following:
i) Hierarchical clustering.
ii) Concept of Criterion functions for Clustering.
What do you mean by clustering? Explain it. Discus K-means clustering algorithm
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with suitable example.
Explain the following and discuss their significance in pattern recognition with
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suitable example:
(a) Mean and Covariance (b) Chi Square Test.
11 Discus C-means clustering algorithm
12 Explain Expectation Minimization (EM) algorithm and EM for 2D normal model.
Describe in detail about the training, classification and distances types
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in minimum distance classifier.
14 Explain and derive the concept of PCA.
Describe about the minimum square error criterion method of non-hierarchical
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clustering.
16 Discuss the application areas of Fisher’s Linear Discriminant Analysis.
17 i) Explain in brief Parzen Window.
ii) Derive Density Estimation.
18 Explain the elements of formal grammars with suitable representations.
19 Breifly explain the Independent component analysis.
20 Describe in detail about the Syntactic description.
21 Explain the concept of Gaussian Mixture Model with the help of diagrams.
22 i) Write short notes on the following:
Clustering vs. classification.
23 ii) Cluster validation.
Elucidate about the Structural Representation with suitable clarifications.
24 Describe about the Graph theoretic approach to pattern Clustering in detail.
25 Illuminate the Stochastic grammars in feature selection of factor.
Consider the data given in Table below. There are two digits 4 (on the left side)
and 9 (on the right side), each of size 3 × 3. Draw the corresponding state
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transition diagrams. You may label the states (rows) appropriately. For example,
you may label the row ‘‘0 0 1’’ as S1, row ‘‘1 1 1’’ as S2, and row ‘‘1 0 0’’ as S3.
Table: Printed characters 4 and 9
1 0 0 1 1 1
1 1 1 1 1 1
0 0 1 0 0 1
 Show that the weight vector w is orthogonal to the decision boundary in d-
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dimensional space, where d ≥ 2.
28 Describe about the Type-2 Fuzzy Rule-Based Classifiers.
29 Explain the Genetic Learning of Fuzzy Rule-Based K-NN.
Explain about the learning HMMs and give the steps for it with an example in
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detail.