Professional Documents
Culture Documents
ADVISOR’S BOOKLET
East African & Middle School Model United Nations Advisor's Section
Welcome,
This packet has three complete guides to understanding the EAMUN conference and it's proceedings.
Each section offers a comprehensive guide that will assist it's reader into preparing for conference.
Advisor's Section............................................................................................................................1 - 54
Please note:
For updates prior to the conferences concerning Special Summit, ICJ, and GHC topics, MCC
applications, or updates to Junior Chair and Securtitary notes please see the EAMUN
Facebook page (https://www.facebook.com/eastafricanmun/).
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East African & Middle School Model United Nations Advisor's Section
Table of Contents
Welcome, ..............................................................................................................................................2
Please note: .........................................................................................................................................2
Table of Contents .................................................................................................................................. 3
Welcome! ..............................................................................................................................................4
First-time Participants ...........................................................................................................................5
Organisation & Administration ..............................................................................................................7
Officers..................................................................................................................................................8
The Management Committee ...............................................................................................................9
The Executive Committee ...................................................................................................................10
Regulations for Participants ................................................................................................................11
Policy Agreement................................................................................................................................ 12
Online Registration .............................................................................................................................14
Visitors to Conference .........................................................................................................................17
Disciplinary Policy...............................................................................................................................17
Dress Code ......................................................................................................................................... 19
Selection of Ambassadors .................................................................................................................. 21
Responsibilities ...................................................................................................................................21
Preparing Your Students .....................................................................................................................23
Research Prior to Conference.............................................................................................................23
Acting Diplomatically ..........................................................................................................................24
Common Conference Terms ...............................................................................................................26
Guidelines for General Debate ...........................................................................................................27
Communication During Debate ..........................................................................................................29
Chairperson’s Phrases ........................................................................................................................30
Joining the Press Corps ......................................................................................................................32
Bringing Resolutions to Conference ...................................................................................................34
Resolution Pathway .............................................................................................................................35
How to Write a Resolution ...................................................................................................................37
Formatting a Resolution ......................................................................................................................38
Initiating Phrases ................................................................................................................................ 40
Motions ...............................................................................................................................................44
Table of Parliamentary Procedure .......................................................................................................46
Members of the United Nations ..........................................................................................................47
International Court of Justice .............................................................................................................. 52
Special Summit ...................................................................................................................................53
Global Health Council .........................................................................................................................53
Mendonsa Charity Council .................................................................................................................54
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East African & Middle School Model United Nations Advisor's Section
Welcome!
INTRODUCTION Dear Advisors,
Model United Nations began around the world as early as 1923, with simulated sessions of
what was then called the League of Nations. These sessions are now held in numerous
countries at all levels, ranging from high schools to universities and adult MUN sessions.
The East African Model United Nations program consists of the EAMUN conference, for
students aged between 14 to 19 years, and the MSMUN conference, for students between
ages 11 to 14 years. This program has grown over the past decades from a small inter-
school activity into an international student conference. The year 2016-17 will be the 23rd
Annual MSMUN and the 35th Annual EAMUN session. Both programs have evolved over
the years to become excellent platforms for students to hone a number of skills including
debating and public speaking skills, journalistic talents, leadership skills as well as providing
an invaluable opportunity for students to develop their self-confidence. Student involvement
continues to expand to include more and more students from not just Nairobi but also from
all over Kenya and other countries.
Tremendous support for both the MSMUN and EAMUN programs is offered by the staff at
the UN headquarters in Gigiri, Kenya. This support together with the growing popularity of
both of these programs has provided the resources to continue to build up the program and
maximise the experiences of all our delegates. We look forward to implementing a number
of changes and improvements this year that will further enrich our MUN program and make
it even more enjoyable for all those involved.
This booklet is designed to familiarize both advisors and student delegates with guidelines
for preparation, general rules of procedure and necessary information about this year’s
MSMUN and EAMUN conferences. All advisors are strongly urged to habitually refer to this
booklet during their preparations for the conference.
We are looking forward to working with you to make this year’s MSMUN and EAMUN
conferences as educationally sound and personally rewarding for your students as possible.
Sincerely,
Erick Huma
EAMUN and MSMUN Coordinator
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East African & Middle School Model United Nations Advisor's Section
First-time Participants
This section is a basic guide and explanation for all the schools that are taking part in our MUN
programme for the first time. MUN simulates the activities of the real United Nations and aims to build up
the confidence and enhance the debating skills of all the participants, as well as raise interest about
international issues with the youth.
At each annual conference, delegates are divided into various committees, each of which deals with
problems that would merit an international response from the UN. Each delegation will have one delegate
in each of the four principal committees.
1. Economic Committee
2. Ecology Committee
4. Political Committee
1. Security Council
• Only current Security Council members (permanent or otherwise) will be allowed to send an
additional delegate to the Council.
• Delegates will be informed prior to conference if they are involved in an ICJ case.
3. Special Summit
1. Ecology Committee
2. Health Committee
4. Technology Committee
Any participating delegation may write one resolution per country per committee, unless the delegation is
a Security Council member (in which case an additional Security Council resolution may be written). A
resolution is a formal text that identifies a problem of international concern (selected by the delegate) and
presents a possible solution. All resolutions must follow the formatting guidelines that are given later in
this booklet.
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East African & Middle School Model United Nations Advisor's Section
During debate, the sponsor of the resolution, that is, the resolution’s principal writer, will present their
resolution and defend it in an attempt to secure votes for its passage. If the resolution passes in the
committee stage, it may be re-debated in a larger assembly of multiple committees if that particular
conference year runs the General Assembly.
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East African & Middle School Model United Nations Advisor's Section
BOARD OF TRUSTEES
Consisting of principals from four participating schools, two advisors, the MUN Coordinators,
and one representative from the United Nations, the Board of Trustees ensures that the
organisation is fulfilling its stated objectives, making decisions regarding policy and strategy
so that the EAMUN continues to move forward.
Members of the Board serve a renewable term of three years. After every three years, the
Management Committee will identify new members who will be appointed to vacant
positions.
The members of the Management Committee serve in an advisory capacity to the Executive
Committee and attend to various administrative tasks for the organisation, namely managing
finances and liaising with the UNON.
Students from participating schools in Nairobi may apply for a position on the Executive
Committee if they have met the following requirements:
1. They must have at least one year’s experience in the MUN programme;
4. They must be strong, fair leaders who have demonstrated an aptitude for management
during their tenures as either a Junior Chairperson or a Senior Chairperson;
5. They must be organised and capable students who would be able to handle the
additional workload posed by their duties;
6. They must demonstrate teamwork and cooperation to ensure that they would operate
successfully within such a close-knit environment of peers.
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East African & Middle School Model United Nations Advisor's Section
Officers
Each year we offer a limited number of positions to MUN participants who are interested in taking on
administrative responsibilities during the build-up to and during the week of conference. The following
roles are exclusively student-held, and all officers are appointed by the Executive Committee.
SENIOR CHAIRPERSONS
Senior Chairpersons are appointed based on a combined evaluation of each applicant’s knowledge of
parliamentary procedure and leadership skills. To be eligible to apply for a position as a Senior
Chairperson, a student must have successfully completed the Junior Chairperson training course at least
once in the last two years.
As senior officers in the committee rooms, Senior Chairpersons will lead the chairing staff and act as the
Executive Committee’s representative throughout debate.
All eligible and interested applicants will be required to sit a written exam and potentially undergo an
interview in the first week of September.
JUNIOR CHAIRPERSONS
Junior Chairpersons are appointed after undergoing a training course in parliamentary procedure, held
from September through November. Their primary responsibility is to direct debate and maintain order
during their assemblies’ sessions. When not chairing, they will act as delegates, but will not be allowed to
participate in the Special Summit.
All participating schools can select a maximum of four candidates to take part in the Junior Chairperson
training course. Any candidate that misses more than two training sessions, unexcused or otherwise, will
automatically be dropped from the course.
A final group of Junior Chairpersons will be selected by the Executive Committee based on a holistic
evaluation of each candidate’s leadership potential, knowledge of parliamentary procedure, and
confidence.
SECURITARIES
Securitaries are the administrative backbone of the MUN programme. They monitor the behaviour of
delegates, assist the Chairperson, and perform various other tasks as needed (such as passing notes or
manning doors). As officers, they also undergo a training course in parliamentary procedure, but with a
greater focus on learning the rules and regulations set by the programme.
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WINNIE FRANCISCO
EAMUN ASSISTANT COORDINATOR
Hillcrest School
email: winniesf2003@yahoo.com
mobile: (+254) 714 960 113
FABIENNE EYRAUD
MSMUN ASSISTANT COORDINATOR
Lycée Denis Diderot
email: fabienne.eyraud@gmail.com
mobile: (+254) 718 357 936
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East African & Middle School Model United Nations Advisor's Section
KHILEN PATEL
DEPUTY SECRETARY-GENERAL
Premier Academy
email: khilen.eamun@gmail.com
mobile: (+254) 707 893 865
AKHIL NADIGATLA
CO-CHAIRPERSON OF THE 1ST GENERAL ASSEMBLY
Premier Academy
email: akhil.eamun@gmail.com
mobile: (+254) 712 503 523
ASIYAH SHAFI
CO-CHAIRPERSON OF THE 1ST GENERAL ASSEMBLY
Peponi House Preparatory School
email: asiyah.eamun@gmail.com
mobile: (+254) 788 835 559
ELISABETH KUGURU
CO-CHAIRPERSON OF THE 2ND GENERAL ASSEMBLY
Rift Valley Academy
email: elisabeth.eamun@gmail.com
mobile: (+254) 708 295 613
ANKIT MEHTA
CO-CHAIRPERSON OF THE 2ND GENERAL ASSEMBLY
Oshwal Academy Senior High
email: ankit.eamun@gmail.com
mobile: (+254) 727 854 638
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East African & Middle School Model United Nations Advisor's Section
Any given school can officially register a maximum of one adult advisor for every fifteen
students (or part thereof). This means that no school is eligible to officially register more than
two adult advisors. The advisor(s) should be the teacher(s) who are assisting the MUN
students as they prepare to represent their assigned countries at the MUN conference.
From the officially registered advisors, one is to be designated as the official contact person
with the MUN administration. All correspondence will be sent through the one advisor
designated as the contact person for the school (contact information on the school/advisors
is to be provided on the back of this form). The school agrees that at least one officially
registered advisor will be present at all official MUN functions to supervise its students.
Official MUN functions include: all inter-school debates, scheduled advisor meetings,
lobbying day, all days of MUN conference, and the MUN closing dance. It is recommended
that an official advisor be present for the training sessions of Junior Chairpersons and
Securitaries.
The person in charge of the school must sign this form. No countries will be assigned to a
school until this form (with the corresponding information completed on the back) has been
signed and returned to the MUN administration along with the school registration fee paid in
full (no refunds of any fees will be made once they are paid).
No countries will be assigned to a school until the fee for each country has been paid and
this form has been submitted. All other individual student fees must be paid on or before
December 1 in order for non-delegate students to be eligible to participate. If the school
becomes ineligible to participate, that means that no students from that school will be eligible
to participate in any capacity. Individual students who have not paid or submitted their two
photos by this deadline will not be eligible to participate.
Failure to adhere to this agreement will mean that a school’s eligibility to participate in future
MUN conferences is in jeopardy.
____________________________________________ ________________________________________
Name of Administrator Position
____________________________________________ ________________________________________
Signature Date
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Policy Agreement
This must be signed by the EAMUN or MSMUN supervisor and submitted along with the payment and
registration information.
This form is valid for the 2017 MSMUN and EAMUN conferences.
I, ____________________________________________, (name of advisor) accept responsibility for the
delegation from ________________________________________________________ (name of school) and
understand that all participating students must adhere to the behaviour guidelines established by the
Executive Committee and the Management Committee. I understand that failure to do so will result in the
punishment of the student or the school and the severity of this punishment will be determined by the
Executive Committee and the Management Committee and may include the suspension or expulsion of
the student or the school from the EAMUN programme. I understand that
1. During the conference or any EAMUN organised event, all students must follow instructions from
and give complete respect to the Senior Chairs and the Executive Committee members.
3. Delegates are expected to remain in their respective committee rooms while the committee is in
session unless they have received written permission from their Senior Chair to be in another
committee room.
4. Students must not tamper with official EAMUN name badges in any way including the trading of
name
badges.
6. Students must not verbally or physically abuse any other conference participants.
7. Any student who engages in discrimination due to disability, race, religion, gender, age, physical
appearance or any other personal characteristic will be immediately expelled.
9. No student may attempt to threaten, bribe or coerce in any way any EAMUN official or any of
his or her fellow participants.
10. Students are prohibited from smoking, drinking, or taking any form of intoxicating drug at any
EAMUN event. This includes the use of khat and marijuana.
11. Students must respect all UNON and EAMUN property. Vandalism of either of these is grounds
for
expulsion from the EAMUN program.
12. Students must not engage in public displays of affection while at any EAMUN events.
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13. Any student who engages in any activity, which is illegal under the laws and statutes of the
Republic
of Kenya, will immediately be expelled and his/her school may face suspension or expulsion from
the program. This includes but is not limited to discrimination, theft or the possession of: toy
guns, any weapons, alcohol, cigarettes, or drugs.
14. All students must obey and respect all other rules and guidelines given by the Executive
Committee or the Senior Chairpersons.
15. The failure to observe any of the above rules and regulations may result in suspension or
expulsion from the programme. I affirm that all participants from my school are aware of all the
guidelines for behaviour and are aware that failure to observe the code of conduct of the EAMUN
programme will lead to punishment to be determined by the Executive Committee and the
Management Committee.
1. The EAMUN programme will accept no liability for the loss or damage of any valuables or the
injury of any delegates over the course of the conference.
2. The EAMUN programme will not refund any fees paid after the December 1st deadline.
____________________________________________ ________________________________________
Name of Advisor School
____________________________________________ ________________________________________
Signature Date
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East African & Middle School Model United Nations Advisor's Section
Online Registration
To register, first head to www.eamun.org.
Keep in mind that registration is open and rolling—once all countries have been allocated, registration will
close and schools will no longer be able to sign up for delegations for that year’s conference. Schools in
the EAMUN programme may register for a maximum of three delegations, and those in MSMUN for a
maximum of five.
OVERVIEW
The registration is a one-off process that identifies the registering school advisor as person responsible
for operating their school account. After registration an advisor will be allowed to login and manage their
account, add participants, and select delegates. The registration page www.eamun.org/account/register
can be accessed by clicking on the Get Started menu or from the conferences page.
The registration process requires you to fill in your institution information and the conference delegates’
information. Registration is chargeable and an invoice will be provided after the process is completed for
payment purposes. All payment slips should be scanned and emailed to finance@eamun.org.
A confirmation link will be sent to the email address provided to enable you to activate your account.
LOGIN
Visit the page www.eamun.org/account/login to log in and access your account. You can also use the
login menu option to access the login page.
Use the link www.eamun.org/account/logout to logout after you are done. A logout menu option is also
provided on the main menu.
ACCOUNT MANAGEMENT
All functions accessible to the advisor can be accessed from the My Account menu (www.eamun.org/
account/my). From here, advisors can edit institution information, change passwords and user details,
manage subscriptions, and view payments.
User information such as the registered email address and phone number can also be edited from the
My Account page.
CHANGE PASSWORD
Accessing the My Account page will also allow you to change your password. Select the password
menu option on the My Account page to do so. Your current password is required before you can
change your password. Enter your current password and the new password then click on the Change
Password button to change the password.
SUBSCRIPTIONS LIST
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East African & Middle School Model United Nations Advisor's Section
The subscription list is found on the My Account page, and provides a summary of the conference
subscriptions you have registered for. Additional menu options are provided for each item on the list;
these include information about your registration details, access to the delegates’ information, and an
overview of institution allocation.
USERS LIST
All users associated with your institution can also be accessed from the institutions page. User details
may also be edited from this page.
ADD USER
To add a user, from the My Account page select the institution menu option, then select the All Users
menu option. From the user list page select the Add User menu and enter the required details then click
on the Add User button to add a new user.
EDIT USER
To edit a user, from the My Account page select the institution menu option, then select the All Users
menu option. On the list provided, click on the edit link for the desired user item, and open the edit user
form. Edit the desired fields and click on the Edit Details to save the changes.
DELEGATE MANAGEMENT
Advisors are required to add all the participants’ names via the Manage Delegate page. The names are
required to register delegates and allow the coordinators to produce badges. Access to the Manage
Delegate page also allows advisors to add/remove delegates as necessary as well as to assign students
to delegations.
ADD DELEGATES
To access the Delegate Management page, open the My Account page and scroll down to the
subscriptions section. Click on the delegates link on the desired conference, this will open the delegate
page. Select the Manage Delegates menu option. From the Manage Delegates page, scroll down to the
options tabs and select the Add Delegate tab. On this tab click on the link for users to open the users list
which has the Add User menu option. Enter the user details and click on the Add User button to save the
record. To edit the delegates information use the Edit User option provided.
EDIT DELEGATES
To alter the selected list of delegates, on the Manage Delegates page, locate the options tabs and select
the Select Delegation tab, on the selected tab, click on the Edit Delegation button. On the resulting page,
select the delegate name, role, committee and country preferred. Click on the Edit Delegates button to
save the changes.
EXCLUDE DELEGATES
To remove a participant from the delegates list, On the Manage Delegates page, locate the options tabs
and select the Select Delegation tab, on the selected tab, click on the Exclude Candidate button. On the
resulting page, select the delegate name to exclude and click on the Remove from Delegation button to
remove the selected.
DELEGATES LIST
To access the delegates’ list page, from the My Account page and scroll down to the subscriptions
section. Click on the delegates link on the desired conference, this will open the delegates page.
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REGISTRATION SUMMARY
The registration summary provides an overview of the registration details including the countries that
have been allocated to an institution, the number of delegates, the payments summary, and the list of the
current delegates’ names. To access the summary page, open the My Account page and scroll down to
the subscriptions section. Click on the summary link on the desired conference.
ALLOCATIONS
The EAMUN coordinators will allocate countries to registered institutions. The list of country allocations is
provided and can be accessed from the Subscriptions list on the My Account page. Countries will only
be allocated to an institution when the full payment has been made.
PAYMENTS LISTS
After registration, advisors are required to make the payments and provide payment confirmation to the
coordinators. Accepted payments will be listed on the payments list that is accessible from the My
Account page. An option to view the payment details is provided.
Please remember to scan all payment slips and email them to finance@eamun.org.
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East African & Middle School Model United Nations Advisor's Section
Visitors to Conference
CONFERENCE INFORMATION Beginning in the 2016-17 conference year, EAMUN will not issue visitors’ badges to any
schools or individuals unless under special circumstances that have been communicated to
the administration well before conference. Individuals not officially registered with the
programme but still wanting to attend conference must give a fee for the use of visitors’
badges.
In accordance with the updated policy, additional advisors a school may wish to bring
beyond its limit of two per programme will need to register at the start of the year. Each
additional advisor will incur an added cost equal to the delegate registration fee.
Disciplinary Policy
We consider that taking part in the MUN programme is a privilege granted to students who
are attending the schools that have official registered and paid the necessary fees. As such,
we have a stringent disciplinary policy in place to make sure that the experience is a good
one for everyone.
BADGE CLIPPINGS
A badge “clipping" refers to the physical cutting of a corner of the official MUN name badge
that is issued to all participating students. It is the most common response to minor
infractions of the rules and it serves as a permanent indicator that the student has already
once failed to comply with regulations.
Badge clippings are not reported to a school’s advisor, but they should be visible to anyone
upon inspection of a clipped delegate’s badge.
Badges may only be clipped by Executive Committee members, Senior Chairpersons, Head
Securitaries, and the Executive Assistant. Junior Chairpersons, Securitaries, and Advisors do
not have the authority to clip badges. Rather, they may bring students to the attention of
those who are authorised to clip badges.
Any student who has the official MUN name badge clipped a second time for any reason will
be expelled from the program.
SUSPENSIONS
A suspension involves the removal of a delegate from the MUN programme for a specific
period of time before he or she is allowed to return. A suspension may result for any student
involved in any activity that is considered less sever than those mentioned below, which
would warrant a suspension.
The circumstances will be discussed by the Executive Committee and a final decision will be
made and reported to the student and the student's advisor. A suspension may begin
immediately or may begin the following day depending on the infraction and the final decision
of the Committee members.
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EXPULSIONS
Any student found to have committed a serious infraction of the behaviour expected by participants may
be expelled from the program at the discretion of the Executive Committee. Expulsion involves the
complete removal of the student involved for the duration of the MUN programme. The student will not
be allowed to remain on the UN compound as a participant or as a spectator. The student will not be
allowed to maintain possession of his or her MUN name badge.
The expulsion of any student will most often involve a discussion of the circumstances by the Executive
Committee members. The student involved and the student's advisor will be informed of the basic facts
related to the circumstances and a further inquiry will be conducted if necessary. After investigating the
situation, the Committee will make a decision regarding the expulsion and will report it to the student in
the presence of the school’s advisor. The Committee’s decision is final.
The Executive Committee shall be required and trusted to make all decisions free of bias even if an
Executive Committee member is involved in any way with the matter at hand. In the event that the
Executive Committee cannot arrive at a conclusion, the MUN Coordinators shall be consulted.
The Secretary-General (or acting leader in case of an absence) will report the outcome of the
Committee's decision to the student and the student's advisor with support from the MUN Coordinator
and other Committee members if needed.
Students will be expelled from the programme for the remainder of the conference for the following
reasons:
- If a student is caught smoking, drinking, or abusing substances at any MUN-related event there
will be no discussion.
- The expulsion will be put into immediate effect and the student’s advisor will be informed.
• Plagiarism
- If evidence arises that all or part of a student’s resolution consists of another individual’s work
without proper citation, he or she will be considered for expulsion.
- Expulsion may include all members of the delegation or only those directly involved.
- This includes an insulting or disrespectful attitude towards any Executive Committee member,
Senior Chairperson, Head Securitary, Advisor, or a member of the UN.
• Vandalism of MUN property or that of hosting venues directly associated with MUN events
• Bribing, coercing, or threatening anyone involved in the programme for votes, yielding, or
unscreened note passing
- This would include attempting to purchase a replacement badge for one that has been clipped
unless the student notifies the MUN administration so that the replacement badge can be
clipped before being issued.
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• Theft of any MUN materials, the personal belongings of participants, or the property of the host
venue
• Two badge clippings for any individual will result in expulsion for the remainder of the conference
(reference the section on badge clippings for more details)
Please note that this list is not exhaustive, and that the Executive Committee reserves the right to decide
that an issue not explicitly mentioned here warrants an expulsion.
Dress Code
As the EAMUN is a simulation of the world of diplomacy, all student participants are expected to dress in
formal business attire at all official functions, including mock debates, workshops, and all the days of the
conference. Formal business attire is not required at any of the training sessions or the closing dance.
Each day, advisors should assess the appropriateness of their students’ clothing. Students found
violating dress code will be asked to change into something acceptable prior to entering the conference
rooms (they may even be sent home to do so). Students violating dress code will not be permitted to
remain on the UNON compound as observers.
Dressing in school uniform will be considered appropriate during conference on the condition that the
uniform fulfills the requirements outlined below.
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Selection of Ambassadors
AMBASSADORS The EAMUN programme does not involve itself in the selection of ambassadors. Instead,
each participating school should select one ambassador from the members of each
delegation it is representing. Some schools allow the students in each delegation to elect
their own ambassador.
These are just examples of how ambassadors may be selected—EAMUN does not
recommend one selection process over another.
Responsibilities
These are the general responsibilities that ambassadors will be expected to fulfill during the
conference year. Individual schools may assign additional responsibilities to their
ambassadors.
DELEGATION PROFILE
In the months before conference, each ambassador should fill out a delegation profile form
(available online) and distribute copies of it to the members of his or her delegation. This
profile consists of basic information about the delegation that will guide the delegates’
research.
RESOLUTIONS
Ambassadors are responsible for heading their delegations’ efforts in writing resolutions—
however, it is not recommended that the ambassador alone write the resolution. They must
ensure that the content of the resolution fits the criteria outlined later in this booklet (see
“How to Write a Resolution”) and that all resolutions fulfill formatting requirements (see
“Formatting a Resolution”).
LOBBYING
During the lobbying session, ambassadors must be keeping track of their delegations’
activities and encouraging delegation members to interact with others and garner support for
resolutions. Ambassadors should also ensure that their delegation members are only
supporting issues in a manner appropriate to their countries’ actual policies.
Ambassadors should also assist any delegation members whose resolutions have been
merged, making sure that the merged resolution is coherent and that the sponsors have a
strategy for its presentation.
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Ambassadors must also make sure that their delegations are represented in all the necessary
committees. If a nation is involved in an ICJ case, the ambassador should ensure that at least one
delegation member has prepared for trial and is present for the duration of the ICJ.
DONATING FUNDS
Most resolutions presented for debate will request funding from donor nations. If that is the case, a
delegate of a recognised donor nation (see “Donor Nations”) may make a realistic donation to a cause
his or her country would support. Securitaries will note down all donations and report them to the Chair.
Ambassadors must clear all donations before they are made. If a donor nation is pledging excessive
amounts of money to a resolution or supporting a resolution inconsistent with its policies, the
ambassador will be held responsible.
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• possess an understanding of the nature of the United Nations, including its structure,
purpose, and powers
• possess public speaking skills and the ability to evaluate others’ arguments as well as form
their own
Delegates to specialised committees such as the ICJ, GAC, and the Special Summit should
also have thoroughly researched their respective cases/topics and be familiar with the
procedure in each of the committees.
In preparing for conference, we also highly encourage advisors to involve and make use of
their student ambassadors.
Delegates can even contact the local embassy of their nation and speak to a member of the
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• An overview of the nation’s history, particularly in regard to its participation in major conflicts.
An accurate and thorough knowledge of what the United Nations is (and what it is not) will be particularly
useful in writing and critiquing resolutions.
Acting Diplomatically
As EAMUN is a professional environment aimed at replicating the actual world of international politics, all
delegates to the programme are expected to behave diplomatically.
4. Attempting to coerce someone into doing something against his or her will.
• Acknowledging another delegate’s right to a difference in opinion, however that may manifest itself
during the course of the week.
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• Referring to other delegates during debate in the third-person and in a respectful manner, often as
“My fellow/esteemed delegate from…”
- However, delegates should not raise their placards if someone else has received the floor or
someone else is currently speaking.
- Instead, they should wait for the Chair to call for requests for the floor.
During debate proceedings, delegates are not allowed to speak to anyone other than fellow members
from the same delegation that may be sitting with them.
• If a delegate or delegation becomes too noisy and begins to disturb other participants, they will
face consequences that could result in their suspension from the assembly.
• If delegates wish to communicate with individuals in delegations other than their own, they may do
so by sending a note through a Securitary. All notes will be screened as according to EAMUN
Special Rule 20.
• Direct communication between the speaker and a delegate on the floor is also prohibited.
• Thus, if the speaker has not clearly hear or understood a Point of Information, he or she must
inform the Chair, who will in turn request that the delegate from the floor either rephrase or restate
the question.
If at any point in debate a delegate is confused as to what is going on, he or she is free to inquire about
parliamentary procedure via a Point of Parliamentary Inquiry (see “Guidelines for General Debate”).
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the combined timings of debate time for and debate time against;
open debate eight minutes of open debate would therefore mean four minutes
debate time for and four minutes debate time against
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the delegate who has been recognised by the chair and given the
speaker
floor
time against debate time in which delegates against a motion may speak
time for debate time in which delegates for a motion may speak
1. Yield to the Chair, saying, “I now yield the floor to the Chair.”
• The speaker will return to his or her seat, and the Chairperson will direct the debate from
there.
2. The speaker will return to his or her seat, and the delegate that has been yielded to will come up
and take the floor to speak.
• The delegate to which the floor was yielded must support the same side of the issue that the
original speaker did.
• The floor may be yielded to another delegation only once consecutively (i.e., a second yielding
to another delegation would be out of order).
3. Yield to Points of Information, saying, “I know yield to Points of Information” or “I am now open
to Points of Information.”
• The speaker will remain at the podium and take questions concerning his or her speech from
the assembly. Delegates wanting to pose a Point of Information will raise their placards and
the Chair will call on them.
• Speakers in time against a Main Motion or an Amendment must be open to at least one Point
of Information.
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• Speakers may choose to decline to answer Points of Information (unless they have spoken
against a Main Motion or Amendment).
Ultimately, all yieldings must go through the Chair, who will either approve or disapprove of them as per
the regulations set forth in parliamentary procedure.
VOTING PROCEDURES
When open debate (that is, both debate time for and debate time against) has closed for a motion, the
assembly will move into voting procedures for that motion. The Chair will first call for the positive votes
(i.e., those voting for the passage of the motion) then the negative votes (i.e., those voting against the
passage of the motion), and finally for any abstentions (only if the motion requires a majority vote to
pass). Delegates will cast their votes by raising their placards at the appropriate times, as requested by
the Chair.
• When voting on a resolution, a vote for its passage means that the voting delegate approves of
the resolution in its current form and supports its implementation.
• A vote against a resolution means that the voting delegate disapproves of the resolution in its
current form (either believing that it needs revision or should be abandoned entirely) and does not
support its implementation.
• No motion may interrupt voting procedures except for a Point of Privilege due to audibility or a
Point of Order concerning the voting procedure itself.
Finally, while abstentions are in order for any motion requiring a majority vote to pass, they should be
seldom used, especially when voting on a Main Motion. It is important that delegates understand in what
situations an abstention is warranted:
• When a delegation does not have enough information on its stance on the issue or the issue itself
to make an informed decision.
• When there is strong evidence to suggest that, given its political ties, it would be unwise for a
delegation to strongly commit on the issue being discussed (perhaps for fear of offending allies on
opposing sides of the issue).
PRIVILEGE POINTS
Privilege Points are special motions accorded to delegates to ensure that their rights, comforts, and
dignity are protected by parliamentary procedure, in turn enforced by the Chair. For a more in-depth
description of the Privilege Points and how they are used, please see “Motions”.
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NOTEPAPER
Delegations are expected to provide their own notepaper, printed prior to conference. EAMUN will not
photocopy notepaper for delegations, nor will the UNON staff. Delegations should print out a quantity
sufficient to last all delegation members throughout the week.
Acceptable notepaper must be printed, bearing “To" and “From" designations, and a set of lines labeled
“Message:” for the actual content of the note. An example of acceptable notepaper is shown below:
• Messages must be addressed from one delegation to another using only the names of the
delegations involved.
• Messages must pertain solely to official business. Personal information or any comments
unrelated to committee proceedings will not be acceptable.
• Notes may not contain insulting comments, inappropriate language, or inappropriate comments
about members of the assembly.
• All notes must be screened by a Head Securitary or an appointed advisor prior to being delivered.
• Notes sent to another committee room must be screened prior to leaving the room.
• Each delegation will be allowed to send a maximum of three notes per day in any given
conference room. Any notes sent by a delegation beyond this limit will automatically be discarded.
Participants attempting to bribe, coerce, or threaten a Securitary into delivering an unscreened note risk
expulsion from the programme. Securitaries have been informed that any such an attempt should be
immediately reported to the Chair.
The Chair also has the power to suspend note sending for his or her committee.
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Chairperson’s Phrases
The following section is an introduction into the language that a Chairperson will use during debate, so as
to provide advisors with an accurate picture of how conference proceedings will be held. To allow for
uninterrupted reading, the sample resolution (see “Resolutions”) will be referenced in the phrases below.
The sponsor the resolution will then approach the podium and read out his or her resolution to the
assembly. If time is in short supply, the Chair may request that the sponsor only read the operative
clauses.
Once the resolution has been read, the Chair will say:
“The resolution has been read. Is there a second?”
The sponsor is the first speaker in time for the resolution. He or she may first speak for the resolution or
immediately yield the floor to another delegate.
Once the Chair is once again in possession of the floor, he or she will say:
“The Chair has the floor. Are there any requests for the floor?”
Delegates wishing to speak will at this point raise their placards. To recognise a delegate, the Chair will
say:
“Russia, you have the floor.”
Once debate time for the resolution has expired, the Chair will move into debate time against the
resolution, saying,
“Debate time for this resolution has just expired. We will now move into eight minutes debate time
against the resolution. Are there any requests for the floor?”
VOTING PROCEDURES
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After the sponsor closing statement, the Chair will move into voting procedures, calling first for the
positive votes:
“Time for sponsor closing statements has expired. We will now move into voting procedures. All those
voting for this resolution, please raise your placards.”
If the speaker yields the floor to another delegate, the Chair will say:
“This yielding is in order. Australia, you have the floor.”
If the speaker yields the floor the Chair, the Chair will say:
“The Chair has the floor. Are there any requests for the floor?”
Delegates wishing to ask a Point of Information will raise their placards, and the Chair will select one,
saying,
“Cameroon, state your point.”
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PRIMARY RESPONSIBILITIES
1. Generating stories and graphic images.
The supervisor will then review each of the applications and create a final Press Corps roster ranging
anywhere from eight to twenty members. Decisions will be made based on a combination of
Fair representation of the participating schools will also be a factor in the decision.
• Meet all of the expectations for attire, attendance, diplomatic behaviour and general conduct
which are required of all MUN participants.
• Promptly report to the Press Corps room at the beginning of each day of the conference, to
determine their work/assignment for the day.
• Inform potential interviewees of their status as Press Corps members and their intent to consider
any and all comments for eventual publication in the MUN newspaper.
• Keep from falsely representing any individual, statement or image in the MUN newspaper unless
as an obvious attempt at humour or satire.
In such humorous or satirical cases, and at all times, Press Corps members are obliged to maintain a
sense of respect for all MUN participants as well as the programme itself.
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Any Press Corps member who violates the regulations outlined above at any point of his or her
membership will be reprimanded and potentially removed from the official Press Corps roster at the
discretion of the supervisor. In such a case, members may appeal their loss of membership to the Press
Corps supervisor and MUN administration.
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Even if not for debate, it is highly recommended that advisors bring their resolutions so that
other advisors may review them for formatting errors during the workshop.
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Resolution Pathway
RESOLUTIONS SUBMITTED TO A COMMITTEE
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• economy (overall status, GNP, GDP, per capita income, major trading partners, natural resources)
• policies on major issues (freedom of speech, nuclear weapons, environmental protection, minority
rights)
Keep in mind that your resolution does not necessarily have to focus on your country or region—basic
research will still go a long way, however, in allowing you to accurately represent your delegation
throughout conference week.
FOCUSING ON AN ISSUE
As an intergovernmental organisation, the United Nations is primarily concerned with problems that are
international in scope—it is not a sort of massive charity that will donate funds to resolve the difficulties in
any one country, especially if that country has the means of dealing with the issue on its own.
Therefore, delegates are encouraged to write resolutions that address problems affecting multiple nations
and not just their own. It is important, however, to not tackle issues that are too broad, such as world
poverty—remember, a resolution cannot exceed two pages!
• what, if anything, has been done in the past to resolve it (and why these efforts have been
unsuccessful)
Operative clauses form the second part of every resolution and outline the actual solution that will be
implemented by the resolution. Generally, they cover
• who will be involved in the process of solving the problem (the domestic government, NGOs)
• how much money is needed, where it will come from, and how it will be used
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HELPFUL HINTS
If the issue your resolution addresses is a large one that is prevalent in many countries, a pilot
programme is a great idea to make your solution more plausible, both financially and politically.
Essentially, a pilot programme is a trial run of your proposed solution on a small scale (often just in one
country or area) to evaluate its efficacy in solving the problem prior to implementing it elsewhere. Every
pilot programme should have both a timeframe for implementation and evaluation, as well as an outside
expert or organisation that will assess the success of the programme.
Any time you request funds from non-governmental organisations or donor nations, make sure you
provide a breakdown of how it will be spent (double-check that it adds up!) as well as an outside
watchdog agency that will ensure that the money is spent as it was meant to be.
One of the characteristics of a good resolution is that it provides a solution that can be sustained by the
domestic government—not one that requires a constant flow of money from the United Nations. Try to
incorporate the participation of the domestic government into your resolution so as to reduce or eliminate
future dependance on the United Nations.
Finally, in writing your resolution and in debate, remember that EAMUN is a simulation of a diplomatic
forum and that you are here to represent your country’s views and not your own—thus, it is absolutely
inappropriate to make insulting comments about your delegation or anyone else’s.
Formatting a Resolution
A resolution should have 1-inch margins on all sides and be single spaced throughout.
HEADING
In the top right corner:
- Co-sponsors (that is, delegations who participated in writing the resolution) should also be listed
in this area
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• Instead, resolutions will be identified by “topic”, a brief, two-line description of what the resolution
seeks to accomplish, and to what end
• Unless a resolution of the Security Council, the resolution should be addressed to the General
Assembly
- If the resolution is to debated in the Security Council, it should be addressed to the Security
Council, following the same formatting guidelines as any other resolution
PREAMBULATORY CLAUSES
• Preambulatory clauses should begin with appropriate initiating phrases from the list below
OPERATIVE CLAUSES
• Operative clauses should begin with the appropriate initiating phrases from the list below
- Sub-clauses should be labelled as shown in the sample resolution on the following page
- Only two sub-levels will be accepted for any operative clause (that is, to sub-level i.)
- It is not necessary that the last operative clause be an invitation for further suggestions or
additions to the resolution.
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Initiating Phrases
Preambulatory Clauses
Affirming Determined Having reviewed
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Operative Clauses
Accepts Draws attention Notes with regret
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Motions
PARLIAMENTARY PROCEDURE The following section is a brief overview of the fifteen motions that are utilised by the
EAMUN. Familiarity with the each motion’s proper procedure will aid you greatly in directing
the flow of debate.
A comprehensive explanation of each motion’s usage and procedure is available online in the
Delegate Packages. Please note that the MSMUN programme follows a modified set of
motions.
POINT OF PRIVILEGE
Refers to delegates’ rights and comforts and is used mostly for audibility, but can also be
used when delegates feel insulted or neglected. It can be called out at any time, except
during voting. If used by a delegate while a speech is being delivered, it must pertain to
audibility or insult.
POINT OF INFORMATION
Can be directed to either the speaker or the Chair. When directed towards the speaker, this
point is a way by which one can ask the speaker questions regarding their argument, limited
to a short statement followed by a short question. A Point of Information to the Chair is used
by the delegate to get information that does not pertain to parliamentary procedure, but to
general EAMUN proceedings (e.g., "When do we break for lunch?”).
When the speaker has answered a Point of Information, the mover of the Point of Information
can request to follow-up on his or her question. This motion should be used when the mover
of a Point of Information would like to get more information or clarify something mentioned in
the speaker’s answer to his or her first question. Only one Request to Follow-up may be
entertained per Point of Information and two-way conversation will continue to be out of
order.
POINT OF ORDER
This is used by a delegate if the Chair has made a wrong decision concerning parliamentary
procedure, e.g., if the Chair calls for a vote on Extend Debate, for which no vote is required,
the delegate can call out a Point of Order and tell the Chair that there is no vote for Extend
Debate.
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APPEAL
Used by a delegate when trying to overturn an arbitrary decision the Chair has made i.e. one that does
not pertain to parliamentary procedure. If an appeal fails, the mover will be suspended from the
assembly.
WITHDRAW A MOTION
When the sponsor of a resolution or an amendment or a mover feels that their motion is too weak or is
wasting the assembly’s time, the sponsor/mover can withdraw the motion before final action is taken on
it (that is, a second or a vote, depending on the motion).
LAY ON TABLE
This motion is only used during debate time against a resolution. If the delegate who is against the
resolution feels that there is no point in debating the resolution further, they may call to table, or put
aside, the resolution. If the motion passes, the resolution will be tabled and the assembly will move on to
the next resolution.
PREVIOUS QUESTION
This is a motion used to move the assembly into the next stage of debate before time has expired. For
example, in debate time against, if no delegate wishes to speak against the resolution, the Chair or the
delegates may call for Previous Question. If the motion is entertained in this scenario, the assembly will
immediately move into sponsor closing statements.
EXTEND DEBATE
This motion is used by delegates who feel more time should be given to the resolution at hand. It may be
called at the end of debate time for or against, but is only entertained at the end of time against. If time
allows and the Chair feels the extension is valid, additional debate time for and against will be added on
at the end of normal debate.
AMENDMENT
This motion is used when the delegate wants to revise the resolution by adding, deleting, or changing the
operative clauses. Only less than half of the operative clauses may be amended. One cannot amend an
amendment. The delegate fills in two amendment forms, detailing the changes they wish to make and
sends one copy to the Chair. If the Chair feels the amendment is valid, the delegate will be called upon in
debate time and the assembly will debate the amendment.
POSTPONE INDEFINITELY
This is a motion to discontinue debate on a motion and discard it, as the delegate feels that it does not
deserve more of the assembly’s time. If the motion passes, the resolution is discarded from the agenda
and may not be brought up again at any time. On the other hand, if the motion is fails, debate will
continue on the Main Motion and the Chair asks the speaker if they would like to speak in time against.
RECONSIDER
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If a resolution has passed or failed, reconsidering it can reverse its verdict. A Reconsider can only be
proposed by a member on the winning side of the vote, and if successfully reconsidered, the resolution is
debated at the end of the agenda.
MAIN MOTION
Main Motion refers to the resolution being debated. All motions apply to Main Motion.
The table also provides some basic information about each motion such as whether or not it requires a
second and the vote required for it to pass.
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Eritrea Niger
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ASIA-PACIFIC GROUP
Afghanistan Kuwait Republic of Korea
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OFFICIAL OBSERVERS
As entities that have not been substantially recognised as nations or are best considered as
organisations, Official Observers (indicated by red placards) are considered special participants of the
EAMUN. Though each is permitted to submit one resolution to one of the four principal committees and
may participate fully in all stages of debate, Official Observers do not have the right to vote.
SECURITY COUNCIL
PERMANENT MEMBERS
Jordan Nigeria
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DONOR NATIONS
The following is the list of nations that have been approved to grant funding to a resolution, determined
by each country’s financial standing and real-life contributions to the United Nations. Ambassadors must
make sure that members of their delegations are only offering donations for causes that their country
would realistically support.
Securitaries will also be keeping track of donations to ensure that delegations do not donate more than
what their actual budgets would allow.
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In our MUN programme, delegates involved in an ICJ case will participate in an adversarial trial presided
over by a panel of five judges. The judging panel will then issue a binding ruling to settle the contentious
issue.
• Countries involved must prepare a position statement (available online) and present it to the Senior
Chair of the ICJ before the day of trial.
• Keep up with our Facebook page for ICJ cases as they are posted.
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Special Summit
The Special Summit is a unique committee of the EAMUN that features a series of debates on questions
of political and ethical interest. For each debate, delegates will be assigned a stance in a two-sided
crossfire with no regard to their delegations’ actual policies on the issue being discussed. A
comprehensive explanation of procedure can be found online in the EAMUN Delegate Package.
Special Summit delegates will not represent their countries in any of the committees or the General
Assembly. They will only debate in the Summit, but may assist fellow delegates during the lobbying
sessions.
Special Summit delegates may not switch roles with other delegation members. By registering for the
Summit, they permanently assign themselves to take part in the Summit for the full duration of
conference. In addition, being so far removed from their fellow delegation members, Special Summit
delegates may not serve in the capacity of ambassadors.
This council will be dedicated to finding creative ways to tackle the many health hazards that endanger
society. In the GHC, delegates will have the opportunity to innovate, collaborate, and initiate on topics
that will be new to the EAMUN conference.
GHC TOPIC
For the conference, there will be four GHC topics to be debated during half of the week at the EAMUN
conference. The topics will be announced either at conference itself, or on the EAMUN Facebook page.
The Executive Committee looks forward to seeing the new solutions created to tackle the epidemic
health issues that face our evolving world.
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GOAL
Participants will be given a sum of money -- raised by EAMUN during conference or donated by the
Executive Committee -- with which they will write and implement a resolution that donates the money.
The aim of this committee is to allow delegates to use the skills they've developed in previous
conferences to positively impact the city that the conference occurs in. The resolution that is written with
actual facts and monetary values will be debated in the committee that it pertains to .i.e if the resolution
aims to combat poaching of lions in Nairobi, then it will be debated in the Ecology committee.
STRUCTURE
The committee will start with several lobbying sessions, in which delegates will be free to have an open
discussion about their ideas for the project. After that, the delegates will come together and write a single
resolution implementing the solution. The entire EAMUN Secretariat and the coordinators will oversee the
writing on the resolution and ensure it is practical and applicable.
PLANNING
Those wishing to participate in MCC will need to submit applications beforehand. The Executive
Committee will release more information concerning the committee either during the conference or
on the EAMUN Facebook page. Only a select group of individuals will be allowed to be in the MCC.
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MODEL UNITED NATIONS
DELEGATE'S BOOKLET
East African & Middle School Model United Nations Delegate's Section
Table of Contents
Table of Contents .....................................................................................................56
Please note: ............................................................................................................. 56
Welcome! .................................................................................................................57
The Management Committee ...................................................................................58
The Executive Committee ........................................................................................ 59
Dress Code ..............................................................................................................60
Disciplinary Policy .................................................................................................... 61
How to Write a Resolution ........................................................................................ 63
Formatting a Resolution ........................................................................................... 64
Initiating Phrases ......................................................................................................66
Guidelines for General Debate ................................................................................71
Chairperson’s Phrases .............................................................................................73
Motions .....................................................................................................................75
Table of Parliamentary Procedure ............................................................................77
Junior Chairperson Notes ........................................................................................ 78
Additional Information on Conference Proceedings ................................................92
Special Rules of Parliamentary Procedure ...............................................................99
Securitary Special Rules ........................................................................................104
International Court of Justice .................................................................................108
Special Summit ......................................................................................................108
Global Health Council ............................................................................................ 109
Mendonsa Charity Council .....................................................................................109
Please note:
For updates prior to the conferences concerning Special Summit, ICJ, and GHC topics, MCC
applications, or updates to Junior Chair and Securtitary notes please see the EAMUN
Facebook page (https://www.facebook.com/eastafricanmun/).
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Welcome!
Dear Delegates,
We cannot be more excited for this year's annual EAMUN conference. We know that when the
delegates, ambassadors, and all other participants walk through the flags an the UNON they will come to
gather to accomplish something incredible. Your eager smiles and strong ideas will transcend all your
differences; your backgrounds and economic statuses will fade away in light of all you will accomplish
together. We are early anticipating seeing returning participants and new ones work together to bring
forth innovative ideas and present inspiring speeches.
This Delegate's Section of this packet is the complete guide for anything you need to know or prepare
for the conference. Please read through it diligently and carefully, taking notes on parliamentary
procedure and the content cornering resolutions. The better prepared you are before conference will
translate into how debate will go at conference, so it is imperative that you understand EAMUN's
proceedings fully.
Without you we would have no conference and no EAMUN, so thank you for taking time to read and
understand this packet. With you we hope to make the 36th Annual EAMUN conference incredibly
impactful and inspiring for all it's participants. We hope that you will prepare yourself for the week of
debate and discussion and we know that once the conference is ended you will leave a changed person.
You will know that you can shape the future and you can empower progress.
Makenzie Hanson
Secretary-General
36th East African Model United Nations
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ERICK HUMA
EAMUN/MSMUN COORDINATOR
Hillcrest School
email: erickh@hillcrest.ac.ke
WINNIE FRANCISCO
EAMUN ASSISTANT COORDINATOR
Hillcrest School
email: winniesf2003@yahoo.com
FABIENNE EYRAUD
MSMUN ASSISTANT COORDINATOR
Lycée Denis Diderot
email: fabienne.eyraud@gmail.com
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KHILEN PATEL
DEPUTY SECRETARY-GENERAL
Premier Academy
email: khilen.eamun@gmail.com
mobile: (+254) 707 893 865
AKHIL NADIGATLA
CO-CHAIRPERSON OF THE 1ST GENERAL ASSEMBLY
Premier Academy
email: akhil.eamun@gmail.com
mobile: (+254) 712 503 523
ASIYAH SHAFI
CO-CHAIRPERSON OF THE 1ST GENERAL ASSEMBLY
Peponi House Preparatory School
email: asiyah.eamun@gmail.com
mobile: (+254) 788 835 559
ELISABETH KUGURU
CO-CHAIRPERSON OF THE 2ND GENERAL ASSEMBLY
Rift Valley Academy
email: elisabeth.eamun@gmail.com
mobile: (+254) 708 295 613
ANKIT MEHTA
CO-CHAIRPERSON OF THE 2ND GENERAL ASSEMBLY
Oshwal Academy Senior High
email: ankit.eamun@gmail.com
mobile: (+254) 727 854 638
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Dress Code
As the EAMUN is a simulation of the world of diplomacy, all student participants are expected to dress in
formal business attire at all official functions, including mock debates, workshops, and all the days of the
conference. Formal business attire is not required at any of the training sessions or the closing dance.
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Disciplinary Policy
We consider that taking part in the MUN programme is a privilege granted to students who are attending
the schools that have official registered and paid the necessary fees. As such, we have a stringent
disciplinary policy in place to make sure that the experience is a good one for everyone.
BADGE CLIPPINGS
A badge “clipping" refers to the physical cutting of a corner of the official MUN name badge that is issued
to all participating students. It is the most common response to minor infractions of the rules and it
serves as a permanent indicator that the student has already once failed to comply with regulations.
Badge clippings are not reported to a school’s advisor, but they should be visible to anyone upon
inspection of a clipped delegate’s badge.
Badges may only be clipped by Executive Committee members, Senior Chairpersons, Head Securitaries,
and the Executive Assistant. Junior Chairpersons, Securitaries, and Advisors do not have the authority to
clip badges. Rather, they may bring students to the attention of those who are authorised to clip badges.
Official UN security personnel will bring students to an Executive Committee member or Coordinator to
report an infraction and will leave the penalty up to them.
Any student who has the official MUN name badge clipped a second time for any reason will be expelled
from the program.
SUSPENSIONS
A suspension involves the removal of a delegate from the MUN programme for a specific period of time
before he or she is allowed to return. A suspension may result for any student involved in any activity that
is considered less sever than those mentioned below, which would warrant a suspension.
The circumstances will be discussed by the Executive Committee and a final decision will be made and
reported to the student and the student's advisor. A suspension may begin immediately or may begin the
following day depending on the infraction and the final decision of the Committee members.
EXPULSIONS
Any student found to have committed a serious infraction of the behaviour expected by participants may
be expelled from the program at the discretion of the Executive Committee. Expulsion involves the
complete removal of the student involved for the duration of the MUN programme. The student will not
be allowed to remain on the UN compound as a participant or as a spectator. The student will not be
allowed to maintain possession of his or her MUN name badge.
The expulsion of any student will most often involve a discussion of the circumstances by the Executive
Committee members. The student involved and the student's advisor will be informed of the basic facts
related to the circumstances and a further inquiry will be conducted if necessary. After investigating the
situation, the Committee will make a decision regarding the expulsion and will report it to the student in
the presence of the school’s advisor. The Committee’s decision is final.
The Executive Committee shall be required and trusted to make all decisions free of bias even if an
Executive Committee member is involved in any way with the matter at hand. In the event that the
Executive Committee cannot arrive at a conclusion, the MUN Coordinators shall be consulted.
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The Secretary-General (or acting leader in case of an absence) will report the outcome of the
Committee's decision to the student and the student's advisor with support from the MUN Coordinator
and other Committee members if needed.
Students will be expelled from the programme for the remainder of the conference for the following
reasons:
- If a student is caught smoking, drinking, or abusing substances at any MUN-related event there
will be no discussion.
- The expulsion will be put into immediate effect and the student’s advisor will be informed.
• Plagiarism
- If evidence arises that all or part of a student’s resolution consists of another individual’s work
without proper citation, he or she will be considered for expulsion.
- Expulsion may include all members of the delegation or only those directly involved.
- This includes an insulting or disrespectful attitude towards any Executive Committee member,
Senior Chairperson, Head Securitary, Advisor, or a member of the UN.
• Vandalism of MUN property or that of hosting venues directly associated with MUN events
• Bribing, coercing, or threatening anyone involved in the programme for votes, yielding, or
unscreened note passing
- This would include attempting to purchase a replacement badge for one that has been clipped
unless the student notifies the MUN administration so that the replacement badge can be
clipped before being issued.
• Theft of any MUN materials, the personal belongings of participants, or the property of the host
venue
• Two badge clippings for any individual will result in expulsion for the remainder of the conference
(reference the section on badge clippings for more details)
Please note that this list is not exhaustive, and that the Executive Committee reserves the right to decide
that an issue not explicitly mentioned here warrants an expulsion.
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• economy (overall status, GNP, GDP, per capita income, major trading partners, natural resources)
• policies on major issues (freedom of speech, nuclear weapons, environmental protection, minority
rights)
Keep in mind that your resolution does not necessarily have to focus on your country or region—basic
research will still go a long way, however, in allowing you to accurately represent your delegation
throughout conference week.
FOCUSING ON AN ISSUE
As an intergovernmental organisation, the United Nations is primarily concerned with problems that are
international in scope—it is not a sort of massive charity that will donate funds to resolve the difficulties in
any one country, especially if that country has the means of dealing with the issue on its own.
Therefore, delegates are encouraged to write resolutions that address problems affecting multiple nations
and not just their own. It is important, however, to not tackle issues that are too broad, such as world
poverty—remember, a resolution cannot exceed two pages!
• what, if anything, has been done in the past to resolve it (and why these efforts have been
unsuccessful)
Operative clauses form the second part of every resolution and outline the actual solution that will be
implemented by the resolution. Generally, they cover:
• who will be involved in the process of solving the problem (the domestic government, NGOs)
• how much money is needed, where it will come from, and how it will be used
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HELPFUL HINTS
If the issue your resolution addresses is a large one that is prevalent in many countries, a pilot
programme is a great idea to make your solution more plausible, both financially and politically.
Essentially, a pilot programme is a trial run of your proposed solution on a small scale (often just in one
country or area) to evaluate its efficacy in solving the problem prior to implementing it elsewhere. Every
pilot programme should have both a timeframe for implementation and evaluation, as well as an outside
expert or organisation that will assess the success of the programme.
Any time you request funds from non-governmental organisations or donor nations, make sure you
provide a breakdown of how it will be spent (double-check that it adds up!) as well as an outside
watchdog agency that will ensure that the money is spent as it was meant to be.
One of the characteristics of a good resolution is that it provides a solution that can be sustained by the
domestic government—not one that requires a constant flow of money from the United Nations. Try to
incorporate the participation of the domestic government into your resolution so as to reduce or eliminate
future dependance on the United Nations.
Finally, in writing your resolution and in debate, remember that EAMUN is a simulation of a diplomatic
forum and that you are here to represent your country’s views and not your own—thus, it is absolutely
inappropriate to make insulting comments about your delegation or anyone else’s.
Formatting a Resolution
A resolution should have 1-inch margins on all sides and be single spaced throughout.
HEADING
In the top right corner:
- Co-sponsors (that is, delegations who participated in writing the resolution) should also be listed
in this area
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• Instead, resolutions will be identified by “topic”, a brief, two-line description of what the resolution
seeks to accomplish, and to what end
• Unless a resolution of the Security Council, the resolution should be addressed to the General
Assembly
- If the resolution is to debated in the Security Council, it should be addressed to the Security
Council, following the same formatting guidelines as any other resolution
PREAMBULATORY CLAUSES
• Preambulatory clauses should begin with appropriate initiating phrases from the list below
OPERATIVE CLAUSES
• Operative clauses should begin with the appropriate initiating phrases from the list below
- Sub-clauses should be labelled as shown in the sample resolution on the following page
- Only two sub-levels will be accepted for any operative clause (that is, to sub-level i.)
- It is not necessary that the last operative clause be an invitation for further suggestions or
additions to the resolution
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Initiating Phrases
Preambulatory Clauses
Affirming Determined Having reviewed
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Operative Clauses
Accepts Draws attention Notes with regret
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DONOR NATIONS
The following is the list of nations that have been approved to grant funding to a resolution, determined
by each country’s financial standing and real-life contributions to the United Nations. Ambassadors must
make sure that members of their delegations are only offering donations for causes that their country
would realistically support.
Securitaries will also be keeping track of donations to ensure that delegations do not donate more than
what their actual budgets would allow.
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1. Yield to the Chair, saying, “I now yield the floor to the Chair.”
• The speaker will return to his or her seat, and the Chairperson will direct the debate from
there.
2. The speaker will return to his or her seat, and the delegate that has been yielded to will come up
and take the floor to speak.
• The delegate to which the floor was yielded must support the same side of the issue that the
original speaker did.
• The floor may be yielded to another delegation only once consecutively (i.e., a second yielding
to another delegation would be out of order).
3. Yield to Points of Information, saying, “I know yield to Points of Information” or “I am now open
to Points of Information.”
• The speaker will remain at the podium and take questions concerning his or her speech from
the assembly. Delegates wanting to pose a Point of Information will raise their placards and
the Chair will call on them.
• Speakers in time against a Main Motion or an Amendment must be open to at least one Point
of Information.
• Speakers may choose to decline to answer Points of Information (unless they have spoken
against a Main Motion or Amendment).
Ultimately, all yieldings must go through the Chair, who will either approve or disapprove of them as per
the regulations set forth in parliamentary procedure.
VOTING PROCEDURES
When open debate (that is, both debate time for and debate time against) has closed for a motion, the
assembly will move into voting procedures for that motion. The Chair will first call for the positive votes
(i.e., those voting for the passage of the motion) then the negative votes (i.e., those voting against the
passage of the motion), and finally for any abstentions (only if the motion requires a majority vote to
pass). Delegates will cast their votes by raising their placards at the appropriate times, as requested by
the Chair.
• When voting on a resolution, a vote for its passage means that the voting delegate approves of
the resolution in its current form and supports its implementation.
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• A vote against a resolution means that the voting delegate disapproves of the resolution in its
current form (either believing that it needs revision or should be abandoned entirely) and does not
support its implementation.
• No motion may interrupt voting procedures except for a Point of Privilege due to audibility or a
Point of Order concerning the voting procedure itself.
Finally, while abstentions are in order for any motion requiring a majority vote to pass, they should be
seldom used, especially when voting on a Main Motion. It is important that delegates understand in what
situations an abstention is warranted:
• When a delegation does not have enough information on its stance on the issue or the issue itself
to make an informed decision.
• When there is strong evidence to suggest that, given its political ties, it would be unwise for a
delegation to strongly commit on the issue being discussed (perhaps for fear of offending allies on
opposing sides of the issue).
PRIVILEGE POINTS
Privilege Points are special motions accorded to delegates to ensure that their rights, comforts, and
dignity are protected by parliamentary procedure, in turn enforced by the Chair. For a more in-depth
description of the Privilege Points and how they are used, please see “Motions”.
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Chairperson’s Phrases
The following section is an introduction into the language that a Chairperson will use during debate, so as
to provide advisors with an accurate picture of how conference proceedings will be held. To allow for
uninterrupted reading, the sample resolution on page 14 will be referenced in the phrases below.
The sponsor the resolution will then approach the podium and read out his or her resolution to the
assembly. If time is in short supply, the Chair may request that the sponsor only read the operative
clauses.
Once the resolution has been read, the Chair will say:
“The resolution has been read. Is there a second?”
The sponsor is the first speaker in time for the resolution. He or she may first speak for the resolution or
immediately yield the floor to another delegate.
Once the Chair is once again in possession of the floor, he or she will say:
“The Chair has the floor. Are there any requests for the floor?”
Delegates wishing to speak will at this point raise their placards. To recognise a delegate, the Chair will
say:
“Russia, you have the floor.”
Once debate time for the resolution has expired, the Chair will move into debate time against the
resolution, saying,
“Debate time for this resolution has just expired. We will now move into eight minutes debate time
against the resolution. Are there any requests for the floor?”
VOTING PROCEDURES
After the sponsor closing statement, the Chair will move into voting procedures, calling first for the
positive votes:
“Time for sponsor closing statements has expired. We will now move into voting procedures. All those
voting for this resolution, please raise your placards.”
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If the speaker yields the floor to another delegate, the Chair will say:
“This yielding is in order. Australia, you have the floor.”
If the speaker yields the floor the Chair, the Chair will say:
“The Chair has the floor. Are there any requests for the floor?”
Delegates wishing to ask a Point of Information will raise their placards, and the Chair will select one,
saying,
“Cameroon, state your point.”
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Motions
The following section is a brief overview of the fifteen motions that are utilised by the EAMUN. Familiarity
with the each motion’s proper procedure will aid you greatly in directing the flow of debate.
A comprehensive explanation of each motion’s usage and procedure is available in the Junior
Chairperson notes
POINT OF PRIVILEGE
Refers to delegates’ rights and comforts and is used mostly for audibility, but can also be used when
delegates feel insulted or neglected. It can be called out at any time, except during voting. If used by a
delegate while a speech is being delivered, it must pertain to audibility or insult.
POINT OF INFORMATION
Can be directed to either the speaker or the Chair. When directed towards the speaker, this point is a
way by which one can ask the speaker questions regarding their argument, limited to a short statement
followed by a short question. A Point of Information to the Chair is used by the delegate to get
information that does not pertain to parliamentary procedure, but to general EAMUN proceedings (e.g.,
"When do we break for lunch?”).
When the speaker has answered a Point of Information, the mover of the Point of Information can
request to follow-up on his or her question. This motion should be used when the mover of a Point of
Information would like to get more information or clarify something mentioned in the speaker’s answer to
his or her first question. Only one Request to Follow-up may be entertained per Point of Information and
two-way conversation will continue to be out of order.
POINT OF ORDER
This is used by a delegate if the Chair has made a wrong decision concerning parliamentary procedure,
e.g. if the Chair calls for a vote on Extend Debate, for which no vote is required, the delegate can call out
a Point of Order and tell the Chair that there is no vote for Extend Debate.
APPEAL
Used by a delegate when trying to overturn an arbitrary decision the Chair has made i.e. one that does
not pertain to parliamentary procedure. If an appeal fails, the mover will be suspended from the
assembly.
WITHDRAW A MOTION
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When the sponsor of a resolution or an amendment or a mover feels that their motion is too weak or is
wasting the assembly’s time, the sponsor/mover can withdraw the motion before final action is taken on
it (that is, a second or a vote, depending on the motion).
LAY ON TABLE
This motion is only used during debate time against a resolution. If the delegate who is against the
resolution feels that there is no point in debating the resolution further, they may call to table, or put
aside, the resolution. If the motion passes, the resolution will be tabled and the assembly will move on to
the next resolution.
PREVIOUS QUESTION
This is a motion used to move the assembly into the next stage of debate before time has expired. For
example, in debate time against, if no delegate wishes to speak against the resolution, the Chair or the
delegates may call for Previous Question. If the motion is entertained in this scenario, the assembly will
immediately move into sponsor closing statements.
EXTEND DEBATE
This motion is used by delegates who feel more time should be given to the resolution at hand. It may be
called at the end of debate time for or against, but is only entertained at the end of time against. If time
allows and the Chair feels the extension is valid, additional debate time for and against will be added on
at the end of normal debate.
AMENDMENT
This motion is used when the delegate wants to revise the resolution by adding, deleting, or changing the
operative clauses. Only less than half of the operative clauses may be amended. One cannot amend an
amendment. The delegate fills in two amendment forms, detailing the changes they wish to make and
sends one copy to the Chair. If the Chair feels the amendment is valid, the delegate will be called upon in
debate time and the assembly will debate the amendment.
POSTPONE INDEFINITELY
This is a motion to discontinue debate on a motion and discard it, as the delegate feels that it does not
deserve more of the assembly’s time. If the motion passes, the resolution is discarded from the agenda
and may not be brought up again at any time. On the other hand, if the motion is fails, debate will
continue on the Main Motion and the Chair asks the speaker if they would like to speak in time against.
RECONSIDER
If a resolution has passed or failed, reconsidering it can reverse its verdict. A Reconsider can only be
proposed by a member on the winning side of the vote, and if successfully reconsidered, the resolution is
debated at the end of the agenda.
MAIN MOTION
Main Motion refers to the resolution being debated. All motions apply to Main Motion.
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The table also provides some basic information about each motion such as whether or not it requires a
second and the vote required for it to pass.
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• The Chair sets the order of speakers and limits the number of speakers.
• The Chair must be alert to individuals raising a placard and must have a system of keeping
track of speakers and those wishing to speak.
• The Chair uses a speaker checklist, a list of all the countries participating in MUN, to ensure that
the floor is offered equally to delegations.
3. To allow for the expression of the will of majority without trampling on the rights of the minority:
• A democratic system that allows voting on procedural decisions as well as substantial matters
ensures that the will of the majority is expressed;
• Parliamentary procedure ensures that the Chair makes no arbitrary or unjust decisions.
• Parliamentary procedure allows for an agenda to be carried out and discussed with minimal
time wasted;
• The Chair must make sure that debate is relevant to the issue under discussion and that
interruptions are kept to a minimum;
5. To provide guidance and direction to the debate by having all debate and motions go through the
Chair:
• The Chair shall serve as the conductor, facilitator, and enforcer of parliamentary procedure.
PRECEDENCE
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• When more than one motion is on the floor at the same time, precedence dictates which one should
be called on first;
• When one motion is on the floor, a motion above it in precedence (i.e. with a lower number of
precedence) can usually be brought up. A motion below it in precedence is usually out of order;
• It is essential for Chairpersons to memorise all motions since it is common for more than one motion
to be called at the same time.
• Main Motion, with the lowest precedence, does not apply to any other motion.
• Conversely, Point of Privilege applies to all other motions as it has the highest precedence.
• Any delegate wishing to lay a resolution on the table must first be recognised.
• A second is a verbal expression of the assembly’s interest in seeing the motion being
discussed.
• In other words, may members of the assembly speak for and against the motion in debate?
• Extend Debate has no vote and is decided according to the discretion of the Chair.
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• Point of Parliamentary Inquiry may be brought up multiple times during assembly proceedings.
PRIVILEGE POINTS
• A privilege is a special right, advantage, or immunity granted/available only to a particular person or
group of people. Privileges may, however, be taken away by the Senior Chairperson if they are
misused.
• Privilege points refer to the motions (Point of Privilege, Point of Parliamentary Inquiry, Point of
Information, and Point of Order) that are granted to delegates to ensure that the assembly remains a
democratic forum for discussion. Orders of the Day is not considered a Privilege Point.
• Should never be more than one or two statements (in case of a Point of Information, a short statement
followed by a short question).
• Apply to all other motions, meaning that they can be used at nearly any time—yet no motions apply to
them.
• Only Point of Privilege due to audibility or insult may interrupt the speaker; all other Point may only be
grout up after the speaker has finished. Only Point of Privilege due to audibility can interrupt voting
procedures.
• The first time a member misuses a point, the Chair will call them out of order, explain why they are out
of order, and warn that the next time, privilege points will be taken away from them. On second misuse,
the Chair will take away their privilege points for a specific length of time. This sets an example to other
delegates and prevents unnecessary interruptions. If the delegate persists, the Chair will ask
Securitaries to escort them out of the room and to call an Executive Committee member to deal with
the issue.
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1. Audibility (e.g., delegate feels that the speaker is speaking too loudly);
• It is usually not voted on, however, in the case of a controversy, it is better to ask the members
to vote with a simple majority resulting in a pass. (e.g., when there is a dispute over whether the room
is too hot or too cold).
• In order to save time, the Chairperson should respond to Points of Privilege by asking if the Point is
due to audibility, especially if it is called during a speech.
• It can be used any time, including during voting procedures, but only if it is due to audibility.
• When a delegate feels insulted the Chair will determine if the speaker made a direct insult and usually
remind the speaker to use more diplomatic language and refrain from insulting other members. The
Chairperson should also issue a warning to the speaker that continued insults will result in a loss of the
floor.
- The Chair should be paying attention in order to decide whether or not there has been an insult. In
case of confusion, the Chairperson may ask the delegate to elaborate.
- The decision of the Chair in such matters is final and may only be contested by an Appeal.
• If the speaker continues to insult his or her fellow delegates, the Chair should:
1. Take away the floor. “Due to continued insults to member nations the speaker has lost the floor,
please return to your seat.”
• In both the committees and the General Assembly, only Points of Privilege related to audibility and
insult are allowed to interrupt a speaker.
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• When the motion is called and the Chair feels that it is valid, he or she will say, “There is a call for
Orders of the Day on the floor. Would the speaker please return to the topic at hand?”
• If there is an objection the Chair may take a vote, requiring a majority vote to pass.
• The decision of the Chair is final—in controversial issues, the Chair may simply make a decision
without a vote.
• There cannot be an objection to Orders of the Day when called by the Chair.
• It should only be used when there has been a major and persistent derailment from the subject at
hand, not merely when the speaker has brought up an example.
• The Chairperson should use his or her judgment and call Orders of the Day motions out of order if they
are dilatory.
• In controversial issues, the chair may decide by themselves or put it to vote. The Chair maintains the
right to make an executive decision on the matter and that decision is final.
• The Chair should encourage the use of Points of Parliamentary Inquiry so that the members of the
assembly understand what is happening.
• It is important that the delegates know of and understand clearly every decision or action taken by the
Chair.
• Its use is unlimited. However, if the Chair believes that the Point is being misused, it may be
suspended.
• A Point of Parliamentary Inquiry may be used any time in between speakers except during voting
procedures. It cannot interrupt the speaker, as it is not urgent.
4 POINT OF INFORMATION
• A Point of Information is always a short question but may be prefaced by a short statement.
- A Point of Information to the speaker must pertain to the points the speaker brought up during his
or her speech. It is asked after the speaker has finished speaking and has opened up to Points of
Information.
- A Point of Information to the Chair must pertain to EAMUN conference proceedings (e.g., “When
do we break for lunch?”). It may not interrupt the Chair; it can only be called during transition times
and never during voting procedures.
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• The speaker may choose not to respond to a Point of Information if he or she so wishes. The Chair
must respond to a Point of Information.
• After the speaker answers a Point of Information, the Chair should ask, “Is the speaker open to any
more Points of Information?” The speaker has the right to limit the amount of questions he is open to
and may decline to answer further Points.
• Each speaker can be open to a maximum of three Points of Information following his or her speech.
• A speaker against a Main Motion or an Amendment must be open to at least one Point of Information
after their speech.
• A delegate may only ask one question in a Point of Information. No two-way conversation is allowed.
• If the delegate asks two questions, the Chair should call him or her out of order and ask the delegate
to pick one.
• If a delegate asks a long or irrelevant Point of Information, the Chair should remind the delegate that,
“A Point of Information is a short statement followed by a short question, would you like to rephrase?”
• A Point of Information may be used at any time except during voting procedures. It may not interrupt a
speaker.
• Request to Follow-up
- When the speaker has answered a Point of Information, the mover of the Point of Information can
request to follow-up on his or her question.
- This request will be addressed to the Chairperson who may refuse to entertain it. This decision is
purely based on the Chairperson’s discretion and depends on the quality of the response given by
the speaker and whether adequate time is available.
- This motion should be used when the mover of a Point of Information would like to get more
information or clarify something mentioned in the speaker’s answer to his or her first question.
Only one Request to Follow-up will be entertained per Point of Information and two-way
conversation will continue to be out of order.
- As in a Point of Information, the speaker may decline to answer the Request to Follow-up.
- The Request to Follow-up is made from the mover's seat and does not count as one of the three
Points of Information that a speaker may be open to.
5 POINT OF ORDER
• A Point of Order is used to indicate that the Chair has made a mistake in parliamentary procedure.
• If the Chair has made a mistake and it is pointed out by a Point of Order, the Chairperson says, “Point
well taken” and corrects his or her mistake.
• If the Point is late, it is considered dilatory and out of order. Hence, it must be called at the earliest
possible opportunity for it to be in order.
- Thus, it may interrupt the Chair, but not any speakers who are delegates.
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• It can be used any time in-between speakers, but if used during voting procedures it must pertain to
an error made in voting procedures.
6 APPEAL
• An appeal is used when a delegate wants to overturn an arbitrary decision of the Chair. Arbitrary
decisions are those that do not pertain to any official EAMUN rules and are based purely on the chair’s
discretion. It may not be used when the Chair is enforcing written rules.
• It may only be called immediately after the Chair has made an arbitrary decision. If the motion is late it
becomes dilatory and, hence, out of order.
• Procedure:
1. Appeal is called.
3. If the point is valid, the Chair explains why they made that decision.
5. Once seconded, the Chair should warn the mover that an Appeal is grounds for a removal
from the assembly. The Chair then asks whether the delegate would like to withdraw their
motion. If so, the delegate should be given an official warning.
A. A 1/3 vote in favor upholds the decision of the Chair. Should this be the vote,
Securitaries will escort the mover out of the assembly.
B. A 2/3+1 vote against overturns the decision of the Chair. Should this be the vote,
the Chair overturns the decision. The Chair never apologizes to the assembly.
• A delegate cannot appeal to the decision made by the Chair pertaining to an Appeal.
7 WITHDRAW A MOTION
• This is a motion by the sponsor to remove a motion from the floor before final action is taken on it (i.e.
before a vote or second is taken).
2. The Chair says, “There is a motion to withdraw this motion. If there are no objections, the
delegate will be permitted to withdraw his motion.”
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3. If there is an objection, the Chair says, “There has been an objection to the withdrawal of
this motion. Is the mover (of the objection) willing to sponsor this resolution/amendment?”
4. If the objector is not willing to sponsor the motion, the motion is withdrawn.
5. If the objector wishes to sponsor the motion, the assembly moves into voting procedure. A
majority vote is require to withdraw a motion.
6. If the motion is not withdraw (i.e. a majority vote is not made, and the resolution is to be
debated), the mover of the objection is asked to sponsor the resolution/amendment.
8. The Chair says, “The mover wishes to withdraw his/her motion.” The Chair will then move on
with the pending question.
• You cannot object to the withdrawal of an Appeal, Vote of No Confidence, Postpone Indefinitely, and
Reconsider.
• It may only be brought up during debate time against the resolution, upon which debate time is frozen.
• The Chair says, “There is a motion to table this resolution, is there a second?”
• If seconded, the Chair asks for the vote, saying, “All those in favour of tabling this resolution please
raise your placards.”
• A resolution that was tabled can be brought back to the agenda by a motion to Take from the Table.
• If an Objection to Consideration has been voted on and failed for a given resolution, then Lay on the
Table is out of order for that resolution as the assembly has previously demonstrated its interest in
debating the resolution.
• If the Lay on the Table fails, it may not be called again for the same resolution at the same stage of
debate.
• The procedure is similar to that for a motion to Lay on the Table, however, a ⅔ + 1 vote is required.
• The mover must have the floor, and when this motion is brought up debate time is frozen.
• The sponsor of the tabled resolution, as well as any other delegate, may propose this motion.
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• A resolution that was laid on the table in committee stages cannot be brought back in the General
Assembly.
• This motion has unlimited use (i.e., a delegate may attempt to bring back a tabled resolution multiple
times).
• If a motion is successfully taken from the table it will be debated at the end of the agenda, but only if
time permits. Otherwise, the Chair will announce, “The Chair regrets that there will not be enough time
to debate this resolution.”
10 PREVIOUS QUESTION
• Previous Question is a request to close debate before time has expired, often a result of stagnant or
one-sided debate.
• Previous Question requires no recognition and is often simply called out by a member of the assembly.
• In both the committees and the General Assembly, Previous Question is only in order at the end of
active debate (i.e., when there are no more requests for the floor).
• When calling Previous Question the Chair must ask the assembly three times, “Are there any requests
for the floor?” before moving into the next stage of debate or voting procedures.
• If there are no requests for the floor all three times, the Chair will say, “The Chair calls Previous
Question. The assembly will now move into…”
• If a delegate raises his or her placard before the Chair calls Previous Question, he or she is entitled to
the floor.
11 EXTEND DEBATE
• This is a request for additional debate time on a Main Motion or an Amendment.
• Debate time in the General Assembly and in committees is limited to specific times for and against.
However, one extension of the debate time per resolution is possible in the General Assembly, and in
the committee stages it is up to the discretion of the Senior Chairperson.
• In both committees and in the General Assembly, extensions of debate can be offered at the discretion
of the Chair, depending on the time available, the length of the agenda, and the quality of debate.
• If debate time is extended the assembly will proceed into an additional session of open debate after
debate time against has expired.
• This motion can be called after time for or against, but will only be entertained after debate time
against has expired.
• The Chair can call for an extension of debate, and this motion should be encouraged if the quality of
debate has been good.
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12 AMENDMENT
• An Amendment is an addition, deletion, or substitution to a resolution. It aims to strengthen
resolutions.
• A delegate may only amend the operative clauses, and only less than half of them.
• Two copies of an Amendment form must be filled. The Chair should have one copy of the Amendment
before the mover receives the floor (this copy must be sent to the Chair prior to the reading of the
Amendment for it to be in order).
• An Amendment may be brought up any time provided that the mover has the floor and has submitted
a copy of his or her Amendment to the Chair prior.
• A formal Amendment (i.e., one that changes the substance of the resolution) cannot be moved by the
sponsor of the resolution.
1. The mover reads out the Amendment and the Chair asks delegates to take note of it (if need be
it can be repeated).
3. If seconded, the assembly moves into debate for and against the Amendment; speakers in time
against must be open to at least one Point of Information.
5. If it passes, the assembly carries on in the debate time left for the Main Motion, now debating
the amended resolution.
6. If it fails, the assembly carries on in the debate time left for the Main Motion, debating the
original, unamended resolution.
• If the Amendment is weak, the Chair may refuse to entertain it—however, if it is strong the Chair
should give the mover the floor as soon as possible.
• Only one Amendment is allowed per resolution, per stage of debate (i.e., one in committee and one in
the General Assembly, maximum).
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• Friendly Amendment
- It is made before the resolution is seconded, usually even before it is read out.
- It cannot change the substance of the resolution, and usually corrects only minor spelling and
grammatical errors.
- It can only be proposed in the committee and not in the General Assembly or GAC.
- It has no second, debate, or vote. The sponsor may propose the friendly Amendment, and if the
Chair feels it is in order, he or she will ask the assembly to note it down, then carry on with the
reading of the resolution (or ask for a second, depending on when it is called).
13 POSTPONE INDEFINITELY
• This is a motion to discontinue debate on a motion and discard it, as the delegate feels that it does
not deserve more of the assembly’s time.
• It interrupts the debate on the Main Motion, hence debate time for the resolution is suspended.
• Procedure:
3. If seconded, the assembly moves into debate time for and against the motion.
4. Once debate is complete, a vote is taken. The motion requires a majority vote to pass.
• If the motion passes, the resolution is discarded from the agenda and may not be brought up again
at any time.
• On the other hand, if the motion is fails, debate will continue on the Main Motion and the Chair
asks the speaker if they would like to speak in time against.
• In the actual UN, Postpone Indefinitely is most often used by the opposition as a strategic move to
find out how many people are in favour of the resolution before the final vote on the resolution.
• The Chair may choose not to entertain this motion if there is little time remaining or a long agenda
exists.
• If Lay on Table is voted on and failed for a given resolution, Postpone Indefinitely is automatically
out of order, as the assembly has already proved its interest towards debating the particular
resolution.
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14 RECONSIDER
• This is a motion to bring back a passed or failed resolution to the agenda.
• This motion means that someone on the winning side has changed his or her mind and wishes to re-
debate and revote on a certain resolution.
• This motion should not be confused with a simple revote, held when there was some confusion during
voting or if the vote was very close.
• Procedure:
1. Delegate says, “I would like to reconsider a resolution.” Mover must have the floor during debate
time for or against any other resolution.
2. The chair says, “Which resolution are you referring to?”, to which the delegate responds with the
title of the resolution.
3. The Chair asks the delegate to state which way he/she voted. It must be the winning side (i.e. if
the resolution failed, you should have voted against it, and vice versa).
5. Then the Chair says, “You have thirty seconds to explain why we should reconsider this motion.”
This is an uninterrupted speech.
6. If there is a valid reason, then the assembly moves into voting procedures.
• Before the vote is taken on the reconsidered resolution, there should be six minutes of open debate to
remind the assembly of the aspects of the resolution.
• A motion to Reconsider is not debatable as debating the Reconsider would mean debating the Main
Motion again.
• The use of this motion should be discouraged, as the agendas are usually quite long.
• Reconsider may be used in the General Assembly and the GAC, but not in the Security Council (see
Special Rule 10).
15 MAIN MOTION
• Main Motion refers to the resolution.
• It has the lowest precedence so it does not apply to any other motion but all others apply to it.
• The Chairperson must be alert and listen to motions called out during a Main Motion and make sure
they are valid.
• Procedure:
1. The Chair says, “The next resolution on the agenda is __topic__. The sponsor, __delegation
name__ has the floor.”
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4. If seconded, the Chair says, “The assembly will now move into eight minutes debate time for this
resolution.”
6. Once time for expires, the Chair says, “The assembly will now move into eight minutes debate
time against the resolution. All speakers in time against must be open to at least one Point of
Information.”
7. The Chair then tells the sponsor they have one minute to strictly rebut or respond to any points
brought up against his or her resolution.
8. After the sponsor’s closing statement, the resolution is put to a vote (majority to pass).
10. The Chair may then choose to move into Right to Explain Vote, if time allows.
• Passed resolutions of committee stages are collated and debated in the General Assembly.
• Only Reconsider can bring back defeated resolutions, and only in the same stage (i.e., resolutions
passed or failed in committee can only be reconsidered while still in committee stage, not in the
General Assembly).
• It is a motion to have the current Chairperson replaced, due to a lack of faith in his or her chairing
abilities.
• A Vote of No Confidence takes precedence over all other motions currently being discussed.
• Procedure:
11. Delegate says, “I would like to call a Vote of No Confidence in the Chair.”
12. The Chair says, "There has been a Vote of No Confidence in the Chair. Has the mover brought
up a valid Appeal or Point of Order against the current Chair?” If not, the motion is dismissed,
and if the point is dilatory, the delegate is warned that it is ground for removal from the Assembly.
If the mover has, the Chair re-explains their earlier decision and justifies his or her overall
performance to the assembly.
13. The Chair then asks the mover if they would like to withdraw their motion. If they choose to do
so, the Chair moves on with the pending question. If not, the Chair asks for a second.
14. If the motion is seconded, the Chair warns the mover that he will be asked three questions
concerning parliamentary procedure, the content of which is up to the Chair’s discretion; that a
2/3+1 vote is required to pass the motion; that failure to answer all three questions correctly
under the set time limit will result in expulsion from the EAMUN programme; and if the motion
passes, the mover must assume the responsibilities of the Chair until a suitable replacement is
found.
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15. The delegate is asked again whether they would like to withdraw their motion.
16. If the delegate does not withdraw his or her motion, Securitaries will surround the delegate
completely to ensure that they do not cheat while answering the questions. The Chair will then
proceed to give the delegate three questions, all set under a strict time limit according to the
Chair’s discretion and pertaining to Parliamentary Procedure any official EAMUN rules. During the
three questions, the delegate may not speak at any time or consult any source through any
medium. Cheating will result in immediate removal from the assembly and expulsion from the
programme.
17. If any questions are answered incorrectly or if the vote is not achieved, the delegate should be
immediately removed from the assembly to be dealth with by the Executive Committee.
18. If all three questions are answered correctly within the time limit and the vote is achieved, the
current Chairperson will be removed from his or her position and the mover of the Vote of No
Confidence will temporarily assume the chairing position.
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CRISIS SITUATIONS
• In a crisis situation, delegates must write resolutions that provide solutions to a currently developing
emergency, read aloud by an Executive Committee member or Senior Chairperson.
• Procedure:
1. The Chairperson or an Executive Committee member announces the details of the crisis.
2. The Senior Chairperson explains that delegates will be split up into groups, explains what
delegates need to do, sets an allotted time, and suspends all rules.
3. Once time is up, the Chairperson calls all delegates back to their seats and restores rules in the
assembly.
4. Each resolution is then presented with a short time for and against. Crisis resolutions operate
similarly to Main Motions except that voting is held after all the crisis resolutions have been
presented.
5. After all resolutions have been presented, the assembly will vote for the best resolution.
Countries may not vote for the resolution submitted by their own group. The Chairperson should
remind delegates of the one vote per country policy.
CROSSFIRE
• During crossfire the chair recognizes a delegate who indicates their desire to speak by raising their
placard. The delegate will make his or her argument from their seat, after which they may either yield
the floor to the chair or to another delegate on his or her side. There will only be one consecutive
yielding made by the speaker.
• There may only be two speakers on a side of debate before the Chair yields to the opposing side.
• There should only be one extension of debate during crossfire unless the Senior Chair strongly feels
that the length of the agenda and quality of debate allow for a second extension.
• A side of debate must be open to at least one Point of Information (i.e. if the first speaker yields to
another delegate and is not open to a Point of Information, the second speaker must be open to a
Point of Information; if the first speaker plans on yielding to the Chair after his or her speech, he or she
must be open to one Point of Information).
• A speaker during crossfire may only be open to a maximum of two Points of Information.
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• A Point of Information to the speaker should pertain to the current speaker’s argument. It may,
however, also be used to question a contradiction that has been made or to find out the current
speaker’s opinion on a previously discussed matter.
• If, however, the Chair feels that a Point of Information is irrelevant to the current speaker or is
redundant (independent of tactical purposes), the Chair may call the speaker out of order and ask him
or her to ask a different question. If the delegate persists, the Chair should take the floor away from the
delegate.
• The Chair must be extremely alert during crossfire and pay attention to the points being made during
discussion to ensure that all Points of Information are dealt with appropriately.
• When a Point of Information is directed at the current speaker, only the current speaker may either
respond or decline to respond to the question. No other delegate on the speaker’s side may respond
to the question.
Delegates in Crossfire:
• In an intimate crossfire setting, all delegates are expected to be actively involved in the discussion of
the question. Although it is difficult for every delegate to frequently have the floor, every delegate
should have a justifiable argument pertaining to the current question.
• If the Chair believes that a delegate is not engaged in discussion, they may call “Right to Explain
Position.” The procedure for Right to Explain Position is the same as that for a Right to Explain Vote.
• If the delegate’s response does not show evidence of active involvement in debate, the Chair may give
the delegate an official warning. Upon second offence the delegate’s badge may be clipped. Only a
Senior Chair can give a warning or clipping for this purpose.
Specialised Committees
In addition to the committees and General Assemblies, the EAMUN features several smaller, specialised
committees and councils that focus on narrower areas of interest or perform particular functions. This
section will outline the procedure specific to each one.
SECURITY COUNCIL
• Procedure in the Security Council follows the same general rules that are observed in the
committees,except that there is no sponsor closing statement and there will be three minutes of
crossfire prior to the vote on a resolution.
• The sponsor of the resolution will be the first speaker in the crossfire.
• Only Point of Privilege, Orders of the Day, Point of Order, and Previous Question will be in order during
the crossfire.
• In the ICJ, one country presents a case against another country (decided before conference).
• Procedure:
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1. Each country presents a position statement (a speech explaining why their country was violated
or why their country did nothing wrong, depending on their side of the argument).
2. After position statements, there is time for crossfire between the two parties.
3. After crossfire between the two parties, there is time for crossfire for the delegate (participants
include the audience, judging panel, and the other delegate).
4. Once time for crossfire has expired, the judging panel decides their verdict and announces it to
the assembly.
• The judging panel is made up of five delegates and may include Junior Chairpersons.
SPECIAL SUMMIT
• Special Summit will run throughout conference and is a forum in which delegates will debate issues of
moral or political significance, decided before conference, from the perspective of the youth, not as
members of a particular delegation.
• The debate is governed by the Senior Chairperson and a judging panel, consisting of five delegates
who have voluntarily signed up during conference. There will be no Junior Chairpersons on the panel.
The judging panel must pay attention to debate at all times.
• Motions in order in the Special Summit include: Point of Privilege, Orders of the Day, Point of
Parliamentary Inquiry, Point of Information, Point of Order, Appeal, Previous Question, and Extend
Debate.
• Procedure:
2. The Senior Chairperson then announces which countries will be debating for and against the
topic.
3. From this point onward delegates are no longer debating according to their respective countries’
policies but from the points of view they have been assigned.
4. Each side is given ten minutes to prepare an opening statement. Opening statements must not
exceed five minutes. Yielding during the opening statement is permitted.
6. The assembly proceeds into a forty-five minute crossfire. See the section on “Crossfire” for more
details.
7. Each side is then given five minutes to prepare closing statements. Closing statements are
intended to rebut points brought up against a side’s argument or re-state points brought up for
their argument. New points of debate should not be brought up during closing statements.
Closing statements must not exceed five minutes and yielding during this time is permitted. The
speaker who made the opening statement should not make the closing statement.
8. The judges will then declare the winners of the debate (i.e. the side with the best argument and
overall presentation). Only one judge is permitted to speak and will act as the representative of
the panel.
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• Delegates arriving during the presentation of opening statements will not be allowed to participate in
debate for that particular issue.
• Motions in order in the Summit include: Point of Privilege, Orders of the Day, Point of Parliamentary
Inquiry, Point of Information, Point of Order, Appeal, Previous Question, and Extend Debate.
• Delegates may sign up to participate in the GHC during the first two days of conference.
• The topics debated in the GHC will be able to be solved in two ways, which will be decided by the
Secretariat.
• The Judging Panel will consist of five delegates, and may not include Junior Chairpersons.
• Procedure:
2. The two proposed solutions for the topic will be stated by the Chairperson.
3. Delegates will then indicate which solution they prefer - hence dividing the council into two. If
the two sides are imbalanced, the Senior Chairperson may move delegates to even out the
sides. This is unto his/her discretion.
4. The two sides will be given 30 minutes to formulate one resolution each. During this time, all
rules are suspended.
6. The Council shall then move into 8 minutes For and Against the first resolution.
8. At the end of this Crossfire, the Council will move into Sponsor’s Closing Statement for the
first resolution.
9. This will lead to 8 minutes For and Against the second resolution.
10. 20 minute Crossfire will again follow for the second resolution.
11. The Sponsor’s Closing Statement will take place for the second resolution.
12. Finally, the judging panel will announce the winning resolution.
• During resolution debate and Crossfire, all motions are in order except destructive motions and
amendments.
Managing A Committee
CHAIRING
• Delegates are never allowed to give orders to the Chair. Respect for the Chair is essential at all times.
• Any rules decided upon by the Senior Chairperson must be applied consistently throughout the
session.
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• A Junior Chairperson may only make announcements under the guidance of a Senior Chairperson.
• Junior Chairpersons scheduled to chair at specific times or in specific sessions should be present
fifteen minutes before their scheduled time in order to become familiar with what is happening prior to
taking over. If a Junior Chair is late, their chairing time will be removed from the schedule.
• The Senior Chairperson of the assembly will inform the arriving Junior Chairperson of any specific
proceedings or regulations that have been established in the committee room (e.g. Postpone
Indefinitely has failed and therefore Lay on Table is out of order).
- Request that all delegates check to see that they have all their personal belongings with them.
- Close debate if the discussion on an issue has not finished by the appropriate time, to be
continued from where it was left off on the next day.
- Pick up gavel, stamp, and any other official materials and return them to the EAMUN
administration before leaving for the day.
• A specific morning, lunch and afternoon break time will be stated on the master schedule. A time to
return from the break should always be given and all attempts must be made to begin at the
appointed time when the break finishes.
• All committees should begin at the appointed times at the beginning of the day and after the specified
break times. It is important to establish as early as possible the fact that sessions will begin at the
stated times.
• If a quorum is not achieved in the assembly Securitaries should be sent to look for delegates.
REVOTE
• A revote may only be called by the Chairperson of the assembly.
• A revote is necessary when the vote on a motion was too close to call and the Chairperson needs to
count the votes for and against to correctly determine if the motion passes or fails.
• Alternatively, a revote may be called if the Chairperson feels that the assembly has not fully understood
the voting procedures for the motion at hand. If this occurs, the Chairperson will call for a revote and
clarifying the voting procedures for the motion in question.
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3. Ask Securitaries to remove the delegate or delegation from the room and call an Executive
Committee member to deal with the issue.
• If a delegate is outside when voting procedures take place, the delegation will have lost its vote on the
resolution being discussed. No revotes will be held because a delegate was out of the room during a
vote.
RESOLUTIONS
• All resolutions that the Chairperson announces for debate must have been passed by the Resolution
Approval Committee (RAC) and have an official EAMUN stamp on them.
• If a resolution is tabled or defeated, a Securitary should always indicate its status in the official
resolution booklet for that committee.
• When a resolution is passed it should be immediately stamped with the official committee stamp and
signed by the Senior Chairperson.
• If copies of a merged resolution have not been made available, an Executive Committee member
should be immediately notified by a Securitary. The Chairperson may call a short recess during the
time it takes to copy the resolution or he may move on to the next agenda item. When copies are
available, the merged resolution will become the next agenda item.
AMENDMENTS
• Securitaries will be responsible for providing amendment forms. If anyone requests an amendment
form, two should be delivered. One copy will be for the delegate and one copy for the Chair.
• No one should be allowed to present an amendment unless the Chair has received a copy of it
beforehand.
• If the amendment passes it should be stamped, signed and attached to the resolution.
• The Chair should encourage amendments and entertain them if they are correctly proposed.
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PLAGIARISM
• Copying of another resolution or taking credit for someone else’s work is a serious offense that will
result in severe consequences, possibly even expulsion, to be determined by the Executive
Committee.
• Any complaint of plagiarism brought before the Chair of plagiarism should be immediately reported to
an Executive Committee member.
DUTIES OF VISITORS
• A visitor to the committee is required to respect and follow all the rules of the committee.
• If a visitor fails to follow regulations or disrupts the committee in any way, a Securitary should warn
them. If misconduct continues, the Chair should be informed and the visitor may be asked to leave by
an Executive Committee Member. Visitors should not be asked to leave by a Junior or Senior
Chairperson.
• They may only speak to the committee after obtaining written approval from the Chair, which lasts as
long as the Chairperson is chairing, and having been yielded to by a member of the committee (one
time only).
ROLE OF SECURITARIES
• One Head Securitary shall be appointed to each committee. This person shall be responsible for
delegating the duties of the room to all other Securitaries and shall report to the Senior Chairperson of
that committee.
• Securitaries will pick up all messages held aloft by delegates. All messages must be on official
notepaper. All messages will be screened by the Head Securitary or an appointed advisor. Note
screeners will immediately discard messages containing any personal or inappropriate information. If a
delegation continues to abuse its note-sending privilege, it may lose its right to do so.
• Securitaries will not distribute any resolution booklets during the course of the conference unless given
express permission to do so by an Executive Committee member.
• Some Securitaries will sit on the chairing dais as timekeepers, vote counters, and keepers of the
speaker’s checklist.
• Securitaries will ensure that the noise in a committee is kept to an appropriate level. Delegates causing
a disturbance will be immediately reported to the Head Securitary.
• In case of any serious difficulty in the committee rooms, members of the chairing staff should seek
assistance from an Executive Committee member or an EAMUN administrator.
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• They shall declare the opening and closing of each meeting of the session and shall have the power to
make announcements on behalf of the Executive Committee. They shall take notes of their
committees’ decisions and pass them on to their designated Executive Committee member. They may,
in the course of the discussion of an item, declare the closure of the list of speakers, debate, or
privilege points. They may suspend the use of privilege points for individuals or the whole assembly if
these points are greatly misused by members of the assembly. They may further take away the floor
from speakers who misuse it and may remove individuals or delegations that cause major or repeated
disruptions in the Committees or General Assembly.
• Senior Chairs are expected to pay their upmost attention to all proceedings of their respective
committee rooms and the debate so that they may make all decisions properly and ensure that there is
no confusion or interruptions to debate.
• They shall assist the Executive Committee by performing any additional tasks or duties assigned to
them by the members of the Executive Committee and shall represent specific Executives in their
committees.
• The Executive Committee is responsible for training and appointing all officers required for the
conferences through diplomatic selection. Outgoing members of the Executive Committee shall select
incoming members for the following year. In all matters of expulsion and on all issues and questions
posing a major disturbance to the programme, the Executive Committee shall have the final say.
However, this must be done in consultation with the national coordinator. The responsibilities of the
Executive Committee may further be divided between the members; however such divisions are not
mandatory and are exchangeable. It is vital that on all major issues concerning the EAMUN, the
Executive Committee shall act as a body on all decision-making and during the execution of said
decisions.
• The Secretary-General is in charge delegating responsibilities to the rest of the Executive body and
monitor their progress. In the case of dispute, he or she shall have the final say on any matter. He or
she shall oversee the provision of all officers necessary for the conference.
• The Deputy Secretary-General shall closely support the Secretary-General in all his or her duties and
assume the position in the case of their absence. Her or she is in charge of the Global Health Council
and the International Court of Justice.
• The Co-chairpersons of the 1st General Assembly are responsible for event management; overseeing
the charity project and all related charitable fundraising; and the entire MSMUN programme.
• The Co-chairpersons of the 2nd General Assembly must organise and and monitor the statistical
aspect of any meetings; train and provide Securitaries for all conferences; and are responsible for the
Special Summit.
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• The Co-chairpersons are also in charge of the successful operation of their respective General
Assemblies and committees and shall assist the Secretary-General and Deputy Secretary-General in all
additional tasks or responsibilities appointed to them.
• The Media Director of Logistics shall coordinate all logistical aspects of Press Corps; handle interviews
of Executive Committee members, guest speakers, et cetera; and handle equipment to ensure the
smooth management of Press Corps.
• The Media Directors shall collectively oversee Press Corps and shall work closely together in constant
communication.
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debate. Changes may, however, be made to the agenda by the Senior Chairperson and such changes
should be announced to the assembly.
• Only messages written on special notepaper provided by EAMUN will be delivered to the Chair. A
limited amount of notes to the Chair will be provided each delegation at the beginning of conference.
• Ambassadors are expected to provide and distribute notepaper to their delegation. No notes written on
improper notepaper will be delivered.
• Conduct: After the Chair has announced the beginning of voting, no representative shall interrupt
except on a Point of Order pertaining to voting procedure or a Point of Privilege due to audibility.
• Abstentions: A delegation may not abstain from a motion because they are not sure which way to vote.
A delegation may only abstain from a motion for political reasons (e.g. the delegation is against the
current resolution but their country has an alliance with the sponsor country that it does not wish to
break). The number of delegates actively abstaining will be recorded and the right to explain vote may
be given to these delegations. Abstentions are counted as a vote against. Delegations abstaining
during voting on the main motion will be required to fill out and submit abstention forms justifying their
reasons for abstaining. Abstentions will only be in order for motions requiring a majority vote.
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• Revote: A revote may only be called by the Chairperson of the assembly. It is necessary when the vote
on a motion was too close to call and the Chairperson needs to count the votes for and against to
correctly determine if the motion passes or fails. Alternatively, a revote may be called if the Chairperson
feels that the assembly has not fully understood the voting procedures for the motion at hand. If this
occurs, the Chairperson will call for a revote and clarify the voting procedures for the motion in
question.
• Right to Explain Vote: After the voting has been completed, countries from each side may be asked to
state how they voted and why in a thirty-second speech. However, this is to the discretion of the Chair
depending on time.
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A. Acceptable Messages: All written communication must pertain to committee proceedings and be
written in English on clearly identifiable notepaper bearing “To" and “From" designations.
B. Note Screening: All messages will be screened by a Head Securitary or an appointed advisor prior to
being delivered. Any message that does not fulfill any of the requirements outlined in this Special
Rule will not be delivered. Only Securitaries may deliver notes.
C. Passing Unauthorised Notes: Any Securitary caught passing a note that has not been approved by
either a Head Securitary or an advisor will be reported immediately to an Executive Committee
member.
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D. Communication with the Chair: Only messages written on special notepaper provided by EAMUN will
be delivered to the Chair. A limited amount of notes to the Chair will be provided each delegation at
the beginning of conference.
E. Communication Between Committee Rooms: Only one Securitary will be allowed to pass notes
between rooms, and only after having received permission from a Head Securitary.
A. Manning Doors: At least one Securitary should be always present at the door. Entry into and exit
from the conference rooms will only be allowed during the transition from time for to time against
during debate on a resolution and after voting procedures have finished on a resolution.
B. Entry into the Conference Room: Delegates waiting to enter the conference rooms must keep quiet
and Securitaries must ensure that any noise is kept to an appropriate level. They may further request
that a Head Securitary from their committee room step outside to clip badges if the delegates cannot
be controlled.
C. Bathroom Passes: In order to leave the room delegates must ask the messengers for a bathroom
pass. Their time of departure should be noted by a Securitary. Should the delegate fail to return after
fifteen minutes, he or shill will be given a warning and continuous abuse will lead to badge clipping.
Each delegate will be allowed to use the bathroom a maximum of two times per day—a Securitary at
the chairing dais will note the number of times a delegate requests a bathroom pass.
D. Chairing Passes: Junior Chairs may be permitted in and out of the conference rooms only if they
bear a chairing pass or note from a Senior Chair or an Executive Committee member.
E. Press Corps: Members of the Press Corps will have free movement in and out of conference rooms
at all times except during voting procedures.
F. Emergency Departures: Members of the committee may be allowed to exit in the case of an
emergency, such as an illness, at any point, but may only return to the conference room at the
designated times.
G. Crisis Situations: All doors must be closed during a crisis situation, and no one should be permitted
in and out, except for delegates with bathroom passes, Junior Chairs with chairing passes, and
Executive Committee members.
H. Executive Committee Members and Senior Chairpersons: Executive Committee members and
Senior Chairs will be permitted to move freely between the committee rooms at any point in time.
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The information desk must always be manned to address any queries from advisors, Junior Chairs, or
delegates and to ensure that any materials kept at the desk are not tampered with or stolen.
HANDLING OF OFFENCES
RULE 8. MINOR OFFENCES
Minor offences such as disruptive talking, playing with the microphones, violation of dress code, or
removal of badges will result in a warning given as a shading in the top corner of the badge. If a minor
offence is repeated, however, it will be considered a major offence and dealt with as specified in Rule 8.
Badges will not be clipped on the first day of conference (lobbying).
A. Food and Drinks: Delegates are not permitted to take any sort of food or drink into the conference
rooms except for water. Eating or drinking anything in the conference rooms, including chewing gum,
will result in a badge clipping.
B. Tardiness after Breaks: Delegates must report to their respective rooms promptly after any breaks.
Any delegate coming in late, without an acceptable reason, must be reported to the Head Securitary
or an Executive Committee member to have his/her badge clipped.
C. Illegal Offences: Cases of severe infringement of the EAMUN code (e.g., drinking, smoking of any
kind, drug use, possession of a weapon, etc.), or any breaking of Kenyan law, must be immediately
reported to a Senior Chair or an Executive Committee member. Such cases will result in immediate
expulsion from the EAMUN.
D. Language: The usage of profane language is strictly prohibited during the conference and will result
in a warning.
E. Second Clippings: Any delegate whose badge has been clipped once will be expelled from the
EAMUN conference if cause for a second clipping ensues. The badge will be confiscated and the
individual will be removed from the UN compound. The second clipping, however, may only be done
by an Executive Committee member.
B. Men’s Dress Code: Men must don formal attire that includes:
ii. Buttons must be fastened, sleeves unrolled, and shirts tucked in; cargo pants are unacceptable;
iii. A jacket is not necessary, but if removed, any membership credentials (i.e. the badge) must
continue to remain visible.
C. Ladies’ Dress Code: Ladies must wear appropriate and formal attire that may include:
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i. Dress pants or slacks; skirts must end at a maximum of a width of four fingers from the knee
(index to little finger) when seated (this is applicable to slits); shirts must reach the waistband;
dresses and tops must be a maximum of four fingers from the collarbone and shoulder; dress
shoes must be worn;
ii. Sheer clothing, logos on clothing, and three-quarter length tights are unacceptable attire;
pantyhose are acceptable;
iii. If suspected of violating the dress code, individuals will be asked to make the necessary
measurements themselves (i.e., check the four-finger width requirement) in front of a Securitary,
Senior Chair, or Executive Committee member.
D. Failure to Dress Appropriately: If any delegate or other EAMUN participant arrives improperly
dressed, they will be asked to dress appropriately before being allowed into the conference rooms.
Breaking the dress code may result in a clipping or a warning, according to the discretion of a Head
Securitary, Senior Chair, or Executive Committee member. Usually, delegates will only be given a
warning (i.e. a shading of the badge) on the first day of conference. Delegates that fail to dress
appropriately two days into the week will be given an immediate clipping.
E. Controversial Cases: In case of a dispute, it will be at the discretion of the Executive Committee to
determine whether delegates’ clothes are inappropriate. The decision of the Executive Committee on
such matters is final.
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In our MUN programme, delegates involved in an ICJ case will participate in an adversarial trial presided
over by a panel of five judges. The judging panel will then issue a binding ruling to settle the contentious
issue.
• Countries involved must prepare a position statement (available online) and present it to the Senior
Chair of the ICJ before the day of trial.
• Keep up with our Facebook page for ICJ cases as they are posted.
Special Summit
The Special Summit is a unique committee of the EAMUN that features a series of debates on questions
of political and ethical interest. For each debate, delegates will be assigned a stance in a two-sided
crossfire with no regard to their delegations’ actual policies on the issue being discussed. A
comprehensive explanation of procedure can be found online in the EAMUN Delegate Package.
Special Summit delegates will not represent their countries in any of the committees or the General
Assembly. They will only debate in the Summit, but may assist fellow delegates during the lobbying
sessions.
Special Summit delegates may not switch roles with other delegation members. By registering for the
Summit, they permanently assign themselves to take part in the Summit for the full duration of
conference. In addition, being so far removed from their fellow delegation members, Special Summit
delegates may not serve in the capacity of ambassadors.
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This council will be dedicated to finding creative ways to tackle the many health hazards that endanger
society. In the GHC, delegates will have the opportunity to innovate, collaborate, and initiate on topics
that will be new to the EAMUN conference.
GHC TOPIC
For the conference, there will be four GHC topics to be debated during half of the week at the EAMUN
conference. The topics will be announced either at conference itself, or on the EAMUN Facebook page.
The Executive Committee looks forward to seeing the new solutions created to tackle the epidemic
health issues that face our evolving world.
GOAL
Participants will be given a sum of money -- raised by EAMUN during conference or donated by the
Executive Committee -- with which they will write and implement a resolution that donates the money.
The aim of this committee is to allow delegates to use the skills they've developed in previous
conferences to positively impact the city that the conference occurs in. The resolution that is written with
actual facts and monetary values will be debated in the committee that it pertains to .i.e if the resolution
aims to combat poaching of lions in Nairobi, then it will be debated in the Ecology committee.
STRUCTURE
The committee will start with several lobbying sessions, in which delegates will be free to have an open
discussion about their ideas for the project. After that, the delegates will come together and write a single
resolution implementing the solution. The entire EAMUN Secretariat and the coordinators will oversee the
writing on the resolution and ensure it is practical and applicable.
PLANNING
Those wishing to participate in MCC will need to submit applications beforehand. The Executive
Committee will release more information concerning the committee either during the conference or
on the EAMUN Facebook page. Only a select group of individuals will be allowed to be in the MCC.
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Table of Contents
Table of Contents 111
Please note: 111
Selection of Ambassadors 112
Responsibilities 112
Dress Code 114
Research Prior to Conference 114
Communication During Debate 115
Bringing Resolutions to Conference 118
Resolution Pathway 119
How to Write a Resolution 121
Formatting a Resolution 122
Initiating Phrases 124
Members of the United Nations 128
INTERNATIONAL COURT OF JUSTICE Position Statement 135
Please note:
For updates prior to the conferences concerning Special Summit, ICJ, and GHC topics, MCC
applications, or updates to Junior Chair and Securtitary notes please see the EAMUN
Facebook page (https://www.facebook.com/eastafricanmun/).
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Selection of Ambassadors
The EAMUN programme does not involve itself in the selection of ambassadors. Instead, each
participating school should select one ambassador from the members of each delegation it is
representing. Some schools allow the students in each delegation to elect their own ambassador.
These are just examples of how ambassadors may be selected—EAMUN does not recommend one
selection process over another.
Responsibilities
These are the general responsibilities that ambassadors will be expected to fulfill during the conference
year. Individual schools may assign additional responsibilities to their ambassadors.
DELEGATION PROFILE
In the months before conference, each ambassador should fill out a delegation profile form (see "Forms")
and distribute copies of it to the members of his or her delegation. This profile consists of basic
information about the delegation that will guide the delegates’ research.
RESOLUTIONS
Ambassadors are responsible for heading their delegations’ efforts in writing resolutions—however, it is
not recommended that the ambassador alone write the resolution. They must ensure that the content of
the resolution fits the criteria outlined later in this booklet (see “How to Write a Resolution”) and that all
resolutions fulfill formatting requirements (see “Formatting a Resolution”).
LOBBYING
During the lobbying session, ambassadors must be keeping track of their delegations’ activities and
encouraging delegation members to interact with others and garner support for resolutions.
Ambassadors should also ensure that their delegation members are only supporting issues in a manner
appropriate to their countries’ actual policies.
Ambassadors should also assist any delegation members whose resolutions have been merged, making
sure that the merged resolution is coherent and that the sponsors have a strategy for its presentation.
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Ambassadors must also make sure that their delegations are represented in all the necessary
committees. If a nation is involved in an ICJ case, the ambassador should ensure that at least one
delegation member has prepared for trial and is present for the duration of the ICJ.
DONATING FUNDS
Most resolutions presented for debate will request funding from donor nations. If that is the case, a
delegate of a recognised donor nation (see “Donor Nations”) may make a realistic donation to a cause
his or her country would support. Securitaries will note down all donations and report them to the Chair.
Ambassadors must clear all donations before they are made. If a donor nation is pledging excessive
amounts of money to a resolution or supporting a resolution inconsistent with its policies, the
ambassador will be held responsible.
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Dress Code
As the EAMUN is a simulation of the world of diplomacy, all student participants are expected to dress in
formal business attire at all official functions, including mock debates, workshops, and all the days of the
conference. Formal business attire is not required at any of the training sessions or the closing dance.
As the EAMUN programme is a simulation of the real world United Nations organisation, it is important
that every delegate knows his or her assigned nation’s policies. Thorough research on the part of the
delegates is thus essential to the success of the conference and ensures that the week is an accurate
representation of international affairs.
Delegates can even contact the local embassy of their nation and speak to a member of the diplomatic
service there for information.
• An overview of the nation’s history, particularly in regard to its participation in major conflicts.
An accurate and thorough knowledge of what the United Nations is (and what it is not) will be particularly
useful in writing and critiquing resolutions.
During conference proceedings, delegates will only be allowed to communicate with one another via
written notes transmitted by a Securitary.
NOTEPAPER
Delegations are expected to provide their own notepaper, printed prior to conference. EAMUN will not
photocopy notepaper for delegations, nor will the UNON staff. Delegations should print out a quantity
sufficient to last all delegation members throughout the week.
Acceptable notepaper must be printed, bearing “To" and “From" designations, and a set of lines labeled
“Message:” for the actual content of the note. An example of acceptable notepaper is shown below:
• Messages must be addressed from one delegation to another using only the names of the
delegations involved.
• Messages must pertain solely to official business. Personal information or any comments
unrelated to committee proceedings will not be acceptable.
• Notes may not contain insulting comments, inappropriate language, or inappropriate comments
about members of the assembly.
• All notes must be screened by a Head Securitary or an appointed advisor prior to being delivered.
• Notes sent to another committee room must be screened prior to leaving the room.
• Each delegation will be allowed to send a maximum of three notes per day in any given
conference room. Any notes sent by a delegation beyond this limit will automatically be discarded.
Participants attempting to bribe, coerce, or threaten a Securitary into delivering an unscreened note risk
expulsion from the programme. Securitaries have been informed that any such an attempt should be
immediately reported to the Chair.
The Chair also has the power to suspend note sending for his or her committee.
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EAMUN will provide specific notepaper only to be used for communication with the Chair, available in the
ambassador’s informational packet provided at the start of the conference week. Only these notes will be
transmitted to the Chair. Additional notepaper for communication with the Chair may be requested from
an Executive Committee member.
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Resolution Pathway
RESOLUTIONS SUBMITTED TO A COMMITTEE
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• economy (overall status, GNP, GDP, per capita income, major trading partners, natural resources)
• policies on major issues (freedom of speech, nuclear weapons, environmental protection, minority
rights)
Keep in mind that your resolution does not necessarily have to focus on your country or region—basic
research will still go a long way, however, in allowing you to accurately represent your delegation
throughout conference week.
FOCUSING ON AN ISSUE
As an intergovernmental organisation, the United Nations is primarily concerned with problems that are
international in scope—it is not a sort of massive charity that will donate funds to resolve the difficulties in
any one country, especially if that country has the means of dealing with the issue on its own.
Therefore, delegates are encouraged to write resolutions that address problems affecting multiple nations
and not just their own. It is important, however, to not tackle issues that are too broad, such as world
poverty—remember, a resolution cannot exceed two pages!
• what, if anything, has been done in the past to resolve it (and why these efforts have been
unsuccessful)
Operative clauses form the second part of every resolution and outline the actual solution that will be
implemented by the resolution. Generally, they cover:
• who will be involved in the process of solving the problem (the domestic government, NGOs)
• how much money is needed, where it will come from, and how it will be used
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HELPFUL HINTS
If the issue your resolution addresses is a large one that is prevalent in many countries, a pilot
programme is a great idea to make your solution more plausible, both financially and politically.
Essentially, a pilot programme is a trial run of your proposed solution on a small scale (often just in one
country or area) to evaluate its efficacy in solving the problem prior to implementing it elsewhere. Every
pilot programme should have both a timeframe for implementation and evaluation, as well as an outside
expert or organisation that will assess the success of the programme.
Any time you request funds from non-governmental organisations or donor nations, make sure you
provide a breakdown of how it will be spent (double-check that it adds up!) as well as an outside
watchdog agency that will ensure that the money is spent as it was meant to be.
One of the characteristics of a good resolution is that it provides a solution that can be sustained by the
domestic government—not one that requires a constant flow of money from the United Nations. Try to
incorporate the participation of the domestic government into your resolution so as to reduce or eliminate
future dependance on the United Nations.
Finally, in writing your resolution and in debate, remember that EAMUN is a simulation of a diplomatic
forum and that you are here to represent your country’s views and not your own—thus, it is absolutely
inappropriate to make insulting comments about your delegation or anyone else’s.
Formatting a Resolution
A resolution should have 1-inch margins on all sides and be single spaced throughout.
HEADING
In the top right corner:
- Co-sponsors (that is, delegations who participated in writing the resolution) should also be listed
in this area
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• Instead, resolutions will be identified by “topic”, a brief, two-line description of what the resolution
seeks to accomplish, and to what end
• Unless a resolution of the Security Council, the resolution should be addressed to the General
Assembly
- If the resolution is to debated in the Security Council, it should be addressed to the Security
Council, following the same formatting guidelines as any other resolution
PREAMBULATORY CLAUSES
• Preambulatory clauses should begin with appropriate initiating phrases from the list below
OPERATIVE CLAUSES
• Operative clauses should begin with the appropriate initiating phrases from the list below
- Sub-clauses should be labelled as shown in the sample resolution on the following page
- Only two sub-levels will be accepted for any operative clause (that is, to sub-level i.)
- It is not necessary that the last operative clause be an invitation for further suggestions or
additions to the resolution
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Initiating Phrases
Preambulatory Clauses
Affirming Determined Having reviewed
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Operative Clauses
Accepts Draws attention Notes with regret
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Eritrea Niger
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ASIA-PACIFIC GROUP
Afghanistan Kuwait Republic of Korea
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OFFICIAL OBSERVERS
As entities that have not been substantially recognised as nations or are best considered as
organisations, Official Observers (indicated by red placards) are considered special participants of the
EAMUN. Though each is permitted to submit one resolution to one of the four principal committees and
may participate fully in all stages of debate, Official Observers do not have the right to vote.
SECURITY COUNCIL
PERMANENT MEMBERS
Jordan Nigeria
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DONOR NATIONS
The following is the list of nations that have been approved to grant funding to a resolution, determined
by each country’s financial standing and real-life contributions to the United Nations. Ambassadors must
make sure that members of their delegations are only offering donations for causes that their country
would realistically support.
Securitaries will also be keeping track of donations to ensure that delegations do not donate more than
what their actual budgets would allow.
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Delegation Profile
It is the ambassador’s responsibility to fill out this form and distribute it to
members of his or her delegation. The profile is meant to guide preliminary
research and aid in the writing of resolutions.
BASIC INFORMATION
Name of
Ambassador: .......................................................................................... Name
of Delegation: .............................................................................................
CURRENT ISSUES
List several environmental issues facing the country.
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
List any challenges to human rights that are present in the country.
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
List major political issues facing the country (either domestic or international).
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
POLICIES
Describe the efforts (if any) the country is making to protect its environment.
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
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_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
Describe the type of economy the country has and the general economic
policies its government employs.
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
Describe the degree to which the country has historically protected human
rights.
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
Describe the country’s government and the degree to which it involves itself
in international affairs.
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
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INTERNATIONAL COURT OF
JUSTICE Position Statement
It is the ambassador’s responsibility to fill out this form and submit it to the
Senior Chair of the International Court of Justice before the day of trial.
BASIC INFORMATION
Name of ambassador:
…………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………
Name of delegation:
…………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………
Name of case:
…………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………
What is the historical relationship between the two main parties involved in
the case?
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
Will you be drawing on any legal documents? If so, which ones, and to what
end?
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_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
3. The crossfire will expand to include the Chair and judging panel.
5. After deliberation, one spokesperson for the panel will announce the
court’s ruling, either by declaring a winner or prescribing a course of
action.
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