Professional Documents
Culture Documents
...DB3100...
• CLIENT (or OWNER) - indicates the person or company on behalf of whom the services or work are to
be carried out.
• CONSTRUCTOR - indicates all of the architects, interior designers (or decorators), specifiers, quantity
surveyors, consulting engineers, co-ordinators, consultants, statutory supervisors, contractors,
suppliers, who are responsible for the design, site management and execution of the works and the
technical supervision of the construction work, the services installations and the external works.
• ACCOR SPECIFICATIONS - indicates the whole of the written documents, drawings and diagrams, as
laid down by ACCOR (including this technical specification) which comprise the hotel (or trade)
requirements of the Brand and which define the criteria for the construction of projects for each of the
Accor brands. These documents may be copied partially for the construction of an ACCOR project (but
never reproduced in full) provided that they are checked and adapted in order to satisfy the obligation
to produce a result and, in particular, to meet construction regulations and particular site conditions.
ACCOR shall retain the intellectual property rights to these documents, which are provided solely for
the project which is to be constructed. The use of these documents on another project or their
distribution to third parties having no direct connection with the project shall be strictly forbidden.
• CONSTRUCTION REGULATIONS - indicates all of the regulations, standards and local practices
applicable to the design, calculation and execution of the works. The Construction Regulations shall be
those of the country, region or locality. They shall apply in addition to ACCOR'S specifications. If there is
any contradiction between certain technical data, the Construction Regulations shall take precedence,
but the effects of such a contradiction must be examined so that the hotel functions and levels of
technical performance are nevertheless satisfied.
• PARTICULAR SITE CONDITIONS - indicates the climatic, geological and hydrological data and the natural
dangers of the site where the project is to take place, which the CONSTRUCTORS must identify, analyse
and make allowance for in the design and execution of the works.
The ACCOR SPECIFICATIONS do not replace the need for the CONSTRUCTORS, including mainly the
Consulting Engineers, to carry out a full technical design so that the works can be carried out in
accordance with their undertaking to produce a result, which shall comprise:
The CONSTRUCTORS shall assume full responsibility for the design, the execution and the technical
supervision of the works. The ACCOR SPECIFICATION documents shall not be a substitute for the project
drawings, specifications, technical notices and working drawings which are to be prepared by the
CONSTRUCTORS. They shall not relieve the CONSTRUCTORS of their responsibilities or of the guarantees
arising from them.
The documents produced by ACCOR, and the work for which they are appointed in order to integrate the
criteria for the Brand, shall not be used to challenge the contractual commitment of the CONSTRUCTORS,
or the responsibilities and guarantees that they are to provide. For the application of this clause, the
CONSTRUCTORS' responsibility shall be considered overall, without any allowance for a sharing of
responsibility between them, and shall depend on the allocation of work between them, as defined in the
participants' appointments and in the contractors' contracts.
1 INTRODUCTION 4
1.1 Generally.............................................................................................................................................................4
1.2 Control over impact on the environment ..............................................................................................................5
1.2.1 Energy/water .......................................................................................................................................5
1.2.2 Materials..............................................................................................................................................5
1.2.3 Hygiene ...............................................................................................................................................5
4 PLANT CHARACTERISTICS 18
4.1 Pumps and pressurisation systems ...................................................................................................................18
4.2 Water softener...................................................................................................................................................18
4.3 Services under pressure....................................................................................................................................18
4.3.1 Cold water pipework ..........................................................................................................................18
4.3.2 Domestic hot water pipework .............................................................................................................19
4.3.3 Drainage............................................................................................................................................19
4.3.4 Valves................................................................................................................................................19
4.4 Instrumentation .................................................................................................................................................20
4.5 Insulation...........................................................................................................................................................20
• Introduction
This document sets out the ACCOR specifications concerning plumbing installations in
ACCOR hotels. These installations shall be carried out in compliance with the general
standards and rules acknowledged at an international level, with local regulations and the
requirements of the local authorities, with ACCOR specifications, with good trade practice
and with the project specifications.
The contract for the works shall be awarded to a qualified contractor who shall carry out
regular self-checks, the results of which shall be kept available on the site.
The services installations shall be designed to the correct capacity and to meet requirements
without being over sophisticated. They shall remain simple and easily understood by the staff
who have to operate them, who must be able, by the simple use of an automatic/manual
switch, to turn off automatic operation and to control the installation manually.
The equipment must be installed in full compliance with the manufacturers'
recommendations. It must be suitable for the use for which it is designed.
The systems shall be designed so as to be durable and the equipment shall be selected so
as to minimise operating and maintenance costs. They shall be designed to integrate with
the fitting out and the decoration of the premises.
The technical staff must be provided with the necessary information to manage the
installation effectively (status of the equipment, detailed energy consumption, etc.).
A sample bedroom, with its associated service duct, shall be constructed right at the start of
the works, complete with its finishes, equipment and furniture. The Owner and his Hotel
Technical Consultant (ACCOR) will inspect it and make any comments they see fit.
• Fire safety
The installations shall be designed with due regard for the environment, particularly:
1.2.1 ENERGY/WATER
• The sizing of the installations shall be optimised in order to restrict their physical size and
their energy consumption.
• Water consumption shall be restricted to the amount needed without affecting the
comfort of guests.
• Refrigeration systems using water that runs to waste shall be forbidden.
• Taps that turn them selves off on a timing device or electronically-controlled taps shall be
provided in public toilets.
• Taps on basins and showers shall be fitted with flow restrictors. The flow restrictors shall
remain effective even if pressures upstream are not the same for each fitting (Neoperl
limiters).
• The capacity of flushing cisterns shall be limited to 6 litres – twin flush cisterns with
capacities of 6 and 3 litres shall be used.
• DHW services shall be carefully insulated in order to avoid energy losses.
In areas of higher water cost, provision for treating and recycling water for use in irrigation
and WC flushing should be considered for the following:
(i) Waste water from showers, baths and basins,
(ii) Waste water from the laundry,
(iii) Condensate from the AC systems,
(iv) Storm water / rainwater.
1.2.2 M ATERIALS
The materials used for the construction of the installations shall be selected by preference
from those whose manufacture, installation, maintenance and destruction cause as little
pollution as possible.
The use of materials which are renewable formed from recycled products or from products
available in abundance is always to be encouraged.
1.2.3 HYGIENE
See the chapter "Hygiene", later in this specification, which gives further details on this point
The plumbing installations shall be designed so that each draw off point can provide:
• a sufficient quantity,
• at the correct pressure,
• rapidly,
• at the required temperature,
• with a low level of noise,
of water with the correct physical, chemical and biological characteristics.
A complete sanitary installation shall be provided. All fixtures shall be vented to atmosphere
and the system designed to prevent siphonage of traps and to provide rapid and silent
discharge of waste. The soils and wastes systems shall be connected to the public sewer
system or to a private treatment plant.
A storm drainage system shall be provided for the whole development with means of
draining rainwater and surface water to the public drainage systems.
The consumption of DHW is indicated for a temperature of 55°C. Actual consumption will be
proportionately higher if the distribution temperature is set at a lower level.
• Minimum value: 1.8 bar at the least favourable tap (top of system, end of run) at the time
of peak demand on the installation.
• Maximum value: 3.5 bar (at the taps on the lower levels), when demand is low.
At all drawoff points, the pressure shall be kept constant; variations shall be
• <±0.3 bar around the average pressure for slow variations (>3 min)
• <±0.1 bar around the average pressure for rapid variations (<15 secs)
• The difference in pressure between the cold water and hot water shall be stable (there
shall not be relative variations in pressure between the two services, in order to avoid
pulses of hot or cold water under the showers, which is not in the best interests of guest
comfort).
• At the point of production, if storage cylinders are used, the storage temperature shall be
60°C under normal circumstances, with the possibili ty of increasing it exceptionally to
70°C for 30 minutes.
• The temperature of distribution of the DHW (on leaving the point of production) shall be
55°C under normal circumstances, with the possibili ty of increasing it exceptionally to
70°C for 30 minutes.
Under normal circumstances, the temperature of the DHW when leaving the point of
production shall be kept constant; acceptable variations shall be:
− <±2° C around the set point for slow variations (>3 m in)
− <±1.5° C around the set point for rapid variations (< 15 secs).
The difference between the temperature leaving the point of DHW production and the
temperature at any drawoff point shall not exceed 3°C.
• In bathrooms, the maximum temperature of DHW at the drawoff points shall be restricted
to 50°C
The periods of waiting for the arrival of the domestic hot water on opening the tap shall not
exceed the following:
• Bedrooms and public toilets: 5 seconds
• Service areas: 10 seconds
The noise levels in the rooms shall comply with ACCOR's acoustic specifications (see
Technical Specification MER_DA_0040 ), in particular:
Potable water supplies shall comply with international standards. Check valves or other
methods of backflow prevention, in accordance with local and/or international codes, shall be
provided to prevent
Storage tanks shall have a minimum 2 sections, to allow maintenance of one section without
interrupting supply to the hotel.
The water storage shall be sufficient to supply the hotels water consumption for 24 hours.
The flow rate of garden watering taps shall be added to the peak flow rate of the cold water
installation:
The flow rate of the items of equipment in the laundry shall be added to the peak flow rate of
the hot and cold water supply installations.
Any increases for particular climates or sites shall not have an effect on the instantaneous
flow rates.
The maximum speed of circulation of the cold water and of the domestic hot water at the
time of the peak flow rate shall be set on the basis of the acoustic criteria (operational noises
in the installation) and shall not exceed the following values:
Whatever diameter is calculated on the basis of the above elements, the minimum internal
diameter of the pipes to be used in the cold water and domestic hot water services shall be
10 mm for copper and 15 mm for other materials.
In order to avoid waiting time, the domestic hot water shall be permanently circulated. The
system shall be balanced so that the circulation is homogenous in all of the pipework (risers
shall be fitted with adjustment valves).
• At the point of production, the difference in temperature between the flow and the return
shall not exceed 5°C.
• The circulation speed shall be 10 litres per hour per bedroom.
Comment: the circulation speed may be greater than 10 l/hr if the difference between the
flow and return temperatures is less than 5°C . (Th e average loss of energy shall be less
than 1.4 kWh per bedroom per day)
For reasons of hygiene, it shall not be permitted to maintain the temperature of the water by
trace heating, without permanent circulation.
Pipework
Valves
Valves should be provided to allow maintenance without shutting off supply to other areas as
follows:
(i) ball valves on all items of equipment,
(ii) shut off valves on all hot and cold water risers and at main branches,
(iii) balancing valves on all pieces of equipment and on each hot water return riser.
The drainage flow rates shall be defined on the basis of local rainfall characteristics and the
diameters of the pipework shall be at least those required by local regulations at the site. In
the absence of regulations, the diameter shall be calculated by the use of Bazin's formula,
assuming pipework 70% full.
Rainwater drainage systems shall be separated from foul water systems and shall be
connected to the public sewers or to natural outfalls.
The rainwater drainage system for external car parks or the wash water system for internal
car parks shall be fitted with a petrol interceptor.
The soil and waste drainage systems shall be of the separate type within the building.
A system with a combined stack will be permitted subject to obtaining approval from the
Owner.
Coincidence factor
The coincidence factors shall be the same as those of the CW and DHW systems.
The diameters of the pipework used shall be as required by local regulations. In the absence
of regulations, the diameter shall be calculated by the use of Bazin's formula, assuming
pipework half full.
The minimum diameters for the connections to fittings shall be as follows:
3.2.4 INTERCEPTORS
Grease trap
• Shall be kept separate from the rainwater system until the sewer connection, (even if -
as in the case of a combined sewer - there is only one connection),
• Sewer connection to comply with local regulations with, if required an intercepting trap.
• Gravity installation preferrably, lift pumps as a last resort.
• Lengths of drains located below the level of the public sewer fitted with an anti-backflow
device to protect the building in the event of the sewer being overloaded. Drains from
upper levels in the building to be connected upstream from this device.
• Slope of at least 3% in horizontal runs.
• Rodding eyes at the ends of main runs, at changes in direction and every 15 m in
straight runs,
• Inspection chambers at each junction for cleaning,
• Concealed, but not built in, in zones to which the public has access, visible elsewhere.
• In cast iron with straps and hangers over false ceilings,
• Primary ventilation.
• Grease trap on the kitchen drainage system, fitted with a grease suction device.
− No further than 15 m away from the wastes to the fittings
− accessible to emptying vehicles,
− Externally, preferably,
− Trace heating and insulation if the pipe work passes through rooms in which
the temperature is low (to prevent the grease from solidifying).
• Remote kitchens shall have local grease interceptors/traps.
The installations for raising sewage from rooms in basements, or from channels at the
bottom of ramps etc. may require a sewage pumping station. This shall comply with the
following criteria:
• Well oversized capacity of the holding tank,
• 2 submerged pumps operating as duty standby and with automatic alternate operation.
The pumps shall be capable of cascade operation if necessary.
• Each pump shall be connected to its own extract pipe work up to an accessible isolation
valve,
• The pumps shall be fitted with an emergency electrical supply from the generator.
• High level alarm, reported to the services installations (BMS for example) AND to
reception,
• Non-return valves on each pump
In locations where there are no public sewers a waste water treatment system should be
provided, preferably located outside the hotel and designed to meet local water treatment
requirements. This system should have an emergency power supply.
3.3 HYGIENE
3.3.1 GENERALLY
3.3.2 PRECAUTIONS
In order to prevent bacteria from developing, the following precautions shall be taken:
• Potential sources of pollution shall be removed.
• If cold water has to be stored, it shall be at a temperature of less than 20°C and shall not
be allowed to stagnate,
• Domestic hot water shall be prepared and stored at a minimum temperature of 60°C,
• DHW shall be distributed at 55°C,
• Water in decorative fountains shall be treated (chlorination, etc.),
• Dead ends shall be forbidden,
• Cold water pipe work that is in danger of rising in temperature shall be insulated,
• Facilities for taking samples shall be installed (on the return of the loop),
• The necessary devices for the disinfection of the installations shall be provided,
• The installations shall be disinfected before use.
Curative disinfection of the domestic hot water installations shall be carried out
• by thermal shock (at least 70°C, maintained for at least 30 minutes , at the point of
production and in the distribution system).
• By chemical treatment (chlorination at 15 mg/l for 24 hours, or 50 mg/l for 12 hours, at
the point of production and in the system).
The water shall be obtained from a public main supply which is guaranteed to be of drinking
quality; as a result, there shall be no treatment on the cold water system likely to change its
quality.
In the event that it is essential to store water on the site (local regulations, inadequate
pressure or flow rate on the distributed supply, etc,), steps shall be taken to prevent the
quality of the water from being changed because of such storage.
A water softener (using ion exchange resins regenerated with salt) shall be installed at the
head of the DHW production if the hardness of the water exceeds 1.5 ppm CaCO3, to supply
the DHW system with softened water at 1.5 ppm CaCO3, together with the laundry and any
cooling towers.
There shall be a softened water service (hardness adjustable between 0 and 0.7 ppm
CaCO3) to supply
• The coffee machines
• The washing machines
• The steam ovens
• The ice-making machines
All the sanitary fittings shall be fitted with valves on the incoming supplies.
Hand-held showers shall have an inverter valve with automatic return to the taps.
At any point of use in the systems, the CW and DHW pressures shall be between 1.8 bar
minimum and 3.5 bars maximum.
This pressure shall be maintained by
• Either a pressure reducer (regulator) installed at the primary mains water inlet. This
solution may be suitable in cases where the building is not too tall and the pressure
guaranteed by the statutory authority is adequate.
• Or a pressurisation system comprising at least three pumps, one pump being for
emergency use. The system shall be for use on both the cold water system and the
domestic hot water system. The intermittent operation of the pumps shall not create any
difference in pressure between the hot water and the cold water: the pressure shall be
constant downstream from the pressurisation unit. In order to achieve this
− Either the pumps shall have a variable flow rate, with a supply under pressure
− Or a pressure reducer and a tank shall be installed downstream from the
pressurisation unit (see § 4.3)
3.5 MAINTENANCE
The design and installation of the services must take into account:
• Ease of access to those items of equipment requiring regular maintenance,
• The durability of materials and plant.
The layout of the equipment must allow appropriate maintenance to be carried out easily in
total safety. In particular, stop valves and adjustment devices shall be easily accessible. It
must be possible to carry out routine maintenance without the need to dismantle other items
of equipment. Restrictions on access by third parties shall be limited.
Items of equipment which need frequent maintenance shall be located in zones which are
not visible to and not accessible by the public.
Gangways with handrails shall be constructed in order to allow access by maintenance staff
to items of equipment located at high level.
Sensitive areas (public areas – restaurants, bars, lounges, meeting and conference rooms -,
halls and public lobbies, kitchens, electrical plant rooms) and areas occupied by third parties
shall be protected in order to limit the consequences of any leaks, for example:
• Large floor gullies and raised thresholds to plant rooms,
• Containers to receive drips at the bottoms of vertical stacks from bedrooms before they
pass through areas with high quality finishes
• The speed of rotation of the impeller shall not exceed 1500 rpm.
• They shall be separated from the structure of the building and from the circuits by the
use of anti-vibration devices (fixing on resilient material, sleeves on pipe work, breaks in
cable trays, etc).
• Twinned pumps shall have a blanking plate,
• Pumps shall have air bleed points and drainage points.
• The flexible connections to the pipe work must be long and shall not form air traps.
• A strainer filter shall be installed upstream, with easy access (and labelled if insulated),
• With a pressure gauge to measure pressure both upstream and downstream.
If analyses show that it is needed, the water softener shall be installed on the domestic hot
water system and adjusted to 1.2 ppm CaCO3.
• Entirely automatic operation (normal operation and delayed regeneration cycles based
on quantities used controlled by a programmable time clock),
• Fixed as a by-pass with
− stop valve,
− control connections upstream and downstream
− Anti-pollution protection by means of a non-return valve and drained via a
tundish and trap.
• Set out in such a way that deliveries and storage of salt are easy (no complicated
handling).
Except for manual bleed valves and balancing valves, all valves shall be quarter turn full flow
spherical ball valves.
4.3.3 DRAINAGE
4.3.4 VALVES
Isolation:
Flexible throat cross-section valves
• with threaded connectors for diameters up to 50/60, solid bronze
• with PN 16 flange for diameters over 50/60, cast iron and bronze.
Pressure reduction/regulation
• Adjustable
• Bronze body
• Direct action membrane using a clip (without balancing piston)
• Unaffected by scale
• With pressure gauge upstream and downstream.
• Threaded up to 50/60, with flanges for larger sizes,
• Similar to Desbordes ref 10 ter or 10 bis; ref 11 bis for any pressure reducers in
bedrooms
Water economiser
On all basin taps: Neoperl type PCA Cascade
In addition to the sensors and all the instruments used for regulation, measuring apparatus
shall be installed in order to make immediate checks on the conditions of operation. The
scales of measurement shall be coherent with the sizes of the measurement (e.g. 0 / 80 °C
for DHW etc)
• Thermometers (alcohol-based or with a minimum diameter of 100 mm):
− Water temperature at the entry to the building
− Water temperature on the flow and return to the domestic hot water production.
• Pressure gauges (minimum diameter 100 mm), with isolating valve
− Static pressures at the entry into the building
− DHW flow to bedrooms
− CW flow to bedrooms
− Upstream and downstream from the pumps and filters (a single pressure gauge
for each set of pumps).
− Static pressure at the high point of the installation.
4.5 INSULATION
• Rot-proof
• Damp- and impact-resistant,
• Non-inflammable M1,
• With PVC M1 finish in plant rooms
• With aluminium protection for external services
• Type Armaflex M1 SH for diameters up to 76 mm
• Type mineral wool and vapour barrier for diameters > 76 mm
• Thickness:
Nominal diameter Thickness:
Up to 21 mm 19 mm
22 to 49mm 30 mm
50 to 76 mm 40 mm
77 to 125 mm 50 mm
greater than 125 60 mm
mm