Duckworth 1

Paige Duckworth

Biology 1610

Mr. Doelling

11 November 2018

Signature Assignment
Section 1-Chapter 2
1a. Energy and Matter
1b. An electron can move from one shell to another only if the energy it gains or loses is exactly
equal to the difference in energy between the energy levels of the two shells.
1c. Being able to understand how energy shells work relies on the understanding of energy and
Matter allows for the connection when concerned energy shells, as they are a moderately
difficult subject to remember. how it is transferred between various reactions. Knowing the
common theme of Energy and
2a. Organization
2b. An element’s properties depend of the structure of its atoms.
2c. Understanding the theme of Organization allows for the connection between structure and
organization of atoms in an element. The composition of elements can be misunderstood if you
do not first understand the organization and structure of an atom or element.
3a. Interactions
3b. A covalent bond is the sharing of a pair of valence electrons by two atoms.
3c. Using the common theme of Interactions learning about bonds, specifically covalent bonds
was more understandable. Various chemical bonds take place, and being able to identify that
interactions between atoms have to take place in order to do this really helps the learning.
Section 2-Chapter 4
1a. Organization
1b.The endomembrane system regulates protein traffic and performs meralibic functions of the
cell.
1c. Understanding the organization of the endomembrane system allows for the learning of the
Rough and Smooth ER, which helps to regulate protein traffic in a cell. Various parts of the cells
perform different functions, and being able to use the common theme of organization allows for
the understanding of each function in the endomembrane system.
2a. Genetic Information
2b. The eukaryotic cell’s genetic instructions are housed in the nucleus and carried out by
ribosomes.
2c. Using the Genetic Information common theme allows for the understanding of cells and how
they contain DNA or genetic information. This theme also allows for the learning of storage of
genetic information and how it is expressed. In eukaryotic cells we are able to see storage and
expression of DNA using our understanding of Genetic Information.
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3a. Energy and Matter

3b. Mitochondria and chloroplasts change energy from one form to another.
3c. The common theme of Energy and Matter shows itself through the cells. It can be seen when
thinking about mitochondria and chloroplasts, and the production of ATP and site of
photosynthesis. Both of these organelles use the theme of energy to transform energy they
acquire from their surrounding. Being able to understand this theme is important when learning
about functions of organelles in a cell.
Section 3-Chapter 9
1a. Genetic Information
1b. Most cell division results in genetically identical daughter cells.
1c. Using the common theme of Genetic Information, understanding that during cell division
daughter cells are produced that contain genetic information from their parent cells.
Understanding the concept of genetic information allows for the learning of how storage and
transportation occurs in cells.
2a. Evolution
2b. We might hypothesize that mitosis evolved from simpler prokaryotic mechanisms of cell
reproduction.
2c. The common theme of Evolution can be used to understand the hypothesis of mitosis and cell
reproduction. Using the principles of Evolution, we are able to connect how simple prokaryotic
cells could have possibly developed through mitosis.
3a. Organization
3b. Sequential events of the cell cycle are directed by a distinct cell cycle control system.
3c. The cell cycle contains various checkpoints, the checkpoints are a form of organization and
structure. Using the common theme Organization, the understanding of these checkpoints is
easier, providing a basic comprehension of cell structure and workings.
Section 4-Chapter 10
1a. Organization
1b. Fertilization and meiosis alternate in sexual life cycles.
1c. Using the common theme of Organization, we are able to understand that various cycles must
take place at different times in order to function. Different cycles have different functions,
therefore being able to understand how each cycle is organized and produces the correct cells is
important.
2a. Interactions
2b. The human life cycle begins when a haploid sperm from the father fuses with a haploid egg
from the mother.
2c. The behavior of chromosomes in the human life cycle is important to understand. Using the
common theme of Interactions we are better able to comprehend that living things must interact
with each other in order for various cycles to be performed. When considering egg and sperm,
using interaction as a basis allows for the comprehension of the human life cycle and why certain
things occur the way they do.
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3a. Evolution
3b. Genetic variation produced in sexual life cycle contributes to evolution.
3c. The common theme of Evolution is important when considering the sexual life cycle. There
are many contributing factors to Evolution, however being able to understand that the sexual life
cycle plays a major role in contribution is important. Once you have grasped the concept of what
the sexual life cycle is, you are able to use the theme of evolution to tie in it, and make sense of
humans and how we develop, as well as other mammals and species.
Section 5-Chapter 21
1a. Genetic Information
1b. The genetic variation on which evolution depends originates when mutation. Gene
duplication, or other processes produce new alleles and new genes.
1c. Using the common theme, Genetic Information, we are able to understand how DNA and
other types of genetic storage/information contributes to evolution. Evolution is a large topic,
involving many species, so being able to understand how genetic information contributes to such
a large scale theory is important.
2a. Interactions
2b. Individuals in a population exhibit variations in their heritable traits, those with traits that are
better suited to their environment tend to produce more offspring than those with traits that are
not as well suited.
2c. Using Interactions as a common theme, we are able to understand how individuals interact
with the environment. Evolution can only take place is species are suitable for their environment,
meaning those that do not contain the qualities they need to survive will not. It’s important to
understand interaction of environment and individual, because it has a great impact on the
development of a population.
3a. Evolution
3b. Natural selection is the only mechanism that consistently causes adaptive evolution.
3c. When considering the theme of Evolution, it is important to look at major contributors and
causes of it. Natural selection is a leading mechanism that allows for adaptive evolution. We are
able to understand this using the common theme because we know that with natural selections
only those that are best suited for their environment survive and produce offspring. Therefore,
we are able to see the connection between natural selection and evolution.