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ABSTRACT
Nanotechnology ("nanotech") is used to exploit matter would be able to create a facsimile of itself and of
of a molecular, supramolecular and atomic scale. The otherr items of whimsical complexity with atomic
earliest, widespread description of nanotechnology control [2].
referred to the particular technological goal of
precisely exploiting atoms and molecules for In 1986, Drexler co-founded
founded The Foresight Institute
fabrication of macro-scale
scale products, also now referred (with which he is no longer affiliated) to help increase
to as molecular nanotechnology. public cognizance and understanding of
nanotechnology concepts and implications.
Nanotechnology as defined by size is naturally very
broad, including fields of science as assorted as In the 1980s, two major breakthroughs sparked the
surface science, organic chemistry, molecular biology, growth of nanotechnology in modern aeon.
semiconductor physics, micro-fabrication,
fabrication, etc.
Initially, the invention of the scanning tunneling
The associated research and applications are equally microscope in 1981 which equip unparalleled
assorted, ranging from extensions of conventional visualization of individual atoms and bonds, and was
device physics to completely new approaches based successfully used to manipulate
nipulate individual atoms in
upon molecular self-assembly,
assembly, from developing new 1989.
materials with
ith dimensions on the nanoscale to direct
reign of matter on the atomic scale. Binnig, Quate and Gerber also invented the analogous
atomic force microscope that year [3].
[
scale, atomic scale, nano
Keyword: nano-scale, nano-technology,
molecular self-assembly,
assembly, supramolecular. Second, Fullerenes were discovered in 1985 by Harry
Kroto, Richard Smalley, and Robert Curl, who
INTRODUCTION simultaneously won the 1996 Nobel No Prize in
Rise of Nano-Technology: Chemistry. C60 was not at the outset by the name
The hypothesis that seeded nanotechnology were first nanotechnology; the term was used concerning
discussed in 1959 by renowned physicist Richard subsequent work with related graphene tubes (called
Feynman in his talk There's Plenty of Room at the carbon nanotubes and sometimes called Bucky tubes)
Bottom, in which he narrates the probability of which is a proposed potential applications for
synthesis via direct manipulation of atoms. nanoscale electronics and devices.