7 3B25140 {x0D-RONGRAMMAR Nouns, pronouns, determiners and articles Nouns, vetenntnere. articles Articles . Types of noun Countable and uncountable nouns . Singular and plural nouns... some, any, no, none, etc... ‘much, many, a lot, etc. both, either, neither, etc. Pronouns . Possessive ’s, possessive of, etc. Check Nouns, determiners, articles Adjectives, adverbs and comparison Adjectives and adverbs 10 Position and order of adjectives............. 31 Adjective or adverb? ...... 42 Position and order of adverbs. . “ 33, Comparison of adjectives, adverbs and nouns. 14 Copaaaiee structures... 35 50... that, such... that, 90, enough, very. 48. Adverbs of degice: very absolutely ete 37. Sentence adverbs: certainly, clearly, etc. Adjectives and adverbs ..... eC ONausune Tenses Present tenses 38 Present simple or continuous: 19 State verbs 42 Present tenses... Past tenses 24 Past simple and continuous 5 25 Past perfect simple and continuous. 26 used to, would, be/get used to Cheek 4 Past tenses. Future forms 27 Future forms and meanings (1)... 28 Future forms and meanings (2).. 29 Other ways of talking about the future 30 Future in the past. CHEEKS Future forms Modal verbs 31 Ability and possibility 32 Degrees of certainty . 33 Obligation and necessity. 34 Advice, recommendations and criticism . 35 Permission, requests, offers and suggestions 82 84 Modal verbs... Sentence and text structure Statements and questions 36 Basic sentence types. 37 Question forms. . 38 Question tags and reply questions . A 39 Avoiding repetition: so, neither, too, etc. .......+++. 92 ‘40 Exclamations and emphatic forms. . ChieeK7 statements and questions -ing forms and infinitives ‘41 Verb +-ing form or infinitive? .........++. 42 Verb + object + -ing form or infinitive? 43 Other uses of infinitives ‘44 Other uses of -ing forms... ‘45 doing, (to) do, being done, (to) be done, etc. ...... 104 -ing forms and infinitives . Reported speech 46 Reported statements: tense changes . 47 Reported statements: no tense changes....... 48 Reported questions, commands and requests 14g Reporting verbs ...... Check 9 Reported paces Noun clauses 50 Noun clauses as object........ 52 Other uses of noun clauses... Noun clauses .Relative clauses 52 Defining relative clauses....... 53 Non-defining relative clauses 54 which referring to a whole clause. : 55 Other ways to identify people and things . Relative clauses .. Linking words and structures 56 Compound and complex sentences. 57 Adding and listing . 58 Contrast and concession. 59 Cause, reason, purpose and result. 60 Time clauses . 61. Common linking expressions in speech. 62 Participle clauses: contrast, reason, result 63 Participle clauses: time....... 64 Past participle clauses........ Check 42 Linking words and structures. Conditionals 65 The zero and first conditionals 66 The second conditional . 67 The third conditional. : 68 unless, provided (that), in case, etc. ..........---..151 69 Mixed conditionals. 70 Iwish, ifonly . 74 Other ways to express hypothetical meaning... (CHECK Conditionals. Changing sentence structure 72 Changing word order... .. A arg 73 The passive (1) 74 The passive (2) 75, The passive (3) 76 The causative: have/get something done. 77 there is/are or itis/they are? . 78 Emphasis: It was... that, What, All. CHECKAK Changing sentence structure. VOCABULARY Prepositions 79 Prepositions of place and movement. 170 80 Prepositions of time. Shvesweekagerne none TYE 81 Other prepositions... 82 Prepositional phrases Check 45 Prepositions. Words that go together 83 Adjective + preposition ......... 84 Verb + preposition . 85 Noun + preposition 86 Phrasal verbs 87 Confusing words (:)... 88 as, like. 89 Confusing words (2) GHEEKAG Words that go together. Word formation 90 Prefixes . 91 Forming adjectives: suffixes . 92 Forming nouns: suffixes 93 -ing and -ed adjectives . 2 Compound adje 5 Compound nouns. 174 175 “77 sense 78 +++ 180 182 184, 186 . 187 -+ 190 = 192 +193 194 +195 +196 +197 EBB wore formation -198 Appendices -199 Index ... = 205 Answer key .. +209