Aggregate Impact Value (AIV)

ASTM-D58-74

Introduction:
Impact value of an aggregate is the percentage loss of weight particles
passing 2.36mm sieve by the application of load by means of 15 blows of standard hammer
and drop, under specified test condition.

The aggregate impact value gives a relative measure of the resistance of an

aggregate to sudden shock or impact, which in some aggregates differs from their
resistance to a slowly applied compressive load.

The property of a material to resist impact is known as toughness. The aggregates

should have sufficient toughness to resist their disintegration due to impact.
This characteristic is measured by impact value test. The aggregate impact value is
a measure of resistance to sudden impact or shock, which may differ from its
resistance to gradually applied compressive load or sudden loading.

Therefore, in order to evaluate the strength, toughness and durability

characteristics of the aggregates, AIV is performed in laboratory.

Objectives:
The main objective of Aggregate impact value test is as following:

 Aggregates toughness property (property of a material to resist impact)

 Classify the stone aggregates with respect to toughness property as given
below.
 Aggregate Impact Value (%) Toughness Properties
<10 Exceptionally strong/ Strong
10-20 Very tough/ Strong
20-30 Good for pavement Surface Course
>35 Weal for Pavement Surface Course

Material:
 Margallah Crush

Apparatus:
 Steel cylinder
 Tamping rod
 Mould
 Hammer
 Sieves

Procedure:
 The aggregates sample is prepared by first sieved the aggregate and obtain
the portion passing 14 mm test sieve and retained on the 10mm test sieve.
 The aggregate portion is washed and dried in the laboratory oven
at constant temperature of 100⁰ and 110⁰ for not more than four hours.
The aggregates sample is cooled to room temperature prior to test.
 The aggregates are filled into the smaller steel cylinder in three layers. Each
layer of aggregate is tamped for 25 times using a tamping rod. The tamping
rod is adjusted to fall freely from about 50 mm above the aggregate surface
  It must be well uniformly spread over.The surface is levelled with the
tamping rod as as straight edge to prepare the sufficient amount of
aggregate on the top layer.
 The cylinder and aggregates are weighted and the data is recorded.
 The sample in the apparatus is assembled and the hammer is released
to fall freely on the aggregates from a fixed vertical height of 380 mm. The
sample is subjected to at total of manual controlled 15 blows.
 The aggregates sample tested is removed from the mould and sieved
through 2.36mm sieve openings.
 The aggregate fraction passing the 2.36mm test sieve is weighted.
 The test for the same batch of aggregate sample is repeated twice.

Data:
 Weight of Sample: 1000 gm
 Weight of sample passing sieve 14 mm and retained on sieve 10 mm:
772gm
 Weight of cup/mould of impact value apparatus: 1418 gm
 Weight of aggregate in cup: 590 gm

After sieving aggregate through sieve 2.36 mm,

 Weight of sample + Pan: 328 gm

 Weight of Pan : 291 gm
 Weight of Sample: 37 gm
Results:
Sample No. % Passed 2.36 mm Sieve Specification
1 6.27 % Exceptionally strong/
Strong
2 6.41% Exceptionally strong/
Strong
Conclusion:
Toughness is the property of a material to resist impact. It shows that
this aggregate (Margallah Crush) is satisfactory in term of impact value and it is
suitable to be used on the basis of impact value. The value shows that this crush is
strong. Lot of advantages can be obtained from the test, and one of
the advantages of aggregate impact test is that the test equipment and the test
procedure are simple and it can obtain the resistance and impact of stones
simulating field condition. The test also can be done in short period of time
whether it is at construction site or stone.