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Yambao, Allysa Noreen L. Assignment No. 1 Aug.

14, 2018
B.S.E.E./ 5th yr. Prof. Espiritu

1. What are some of the applications of fluid mechanics in electrical engineering?


 In electrical engineering the removal of excess heat from electrical devices is always a
problem. One solution involves forced or convection air flow over heatsinks or through
and around electrical equipment or components.
 Fluid as coolant in engines, electronics, power plants and manufacturing nanofluids as
coolants (recent development)
 Electrical engineers also design equipment that is used in measuring and controlling
fluid pressure, level and flow. The majority of electric motor are used to move fluids by
driving fans and pumps. Often flow is controlled by controlling the motor speed.
 Turbomachines and Hydraulics
 Renewable energy systems based on fluid mechanics (wind and wave power)
2. What are the basic laws which are applicable to any fluid. Define each
 The conservation of mass - The law of conservation of mass or principle of mass
conservation states that for any system closed to all transfers of matter and energy, the
mass of the system must remain constant over time, as system's mass cannot change, so
quantity cannot be added nor removed. Hence, the quantity of mass is conserved over
time.
 Newton’s second law of motion - Newton's second law of motion pertains to the
behavior of objects for which all existing forces are not balanced. The second law states
that the acceleration of an object is dependent upon two variables - the net force acting
upon the object and the mass of the object. (a = Fnet / m)
 The principle of angular momentum - The angular momentum of a rigid object is
defined as the product of the moment of inertia and the angular velocity. It is analogous
to linear momentum and is subject to the fundamental constraints of the conservation of
angular momentum principle if there is no external torque on the object. Angular
momentum is a vector quantity. It is derivable from the expression for the angular
momentum of a particle.
 The first law of thermodynamics - The First Law of Thermodynamics states that heat is
a form of energy, and thermodynamic processes are therefore subject to the principle of
conservation of energy. This means that heat energy cannot be created or destroyed. It
can, however, be transferred from one location to another and converted to and from
other forms of energy.
 The second law of thermodynamics - The second law of thermodynamics is a general
principle which places constraints upon the direction of heat transfer and the attainable
efficiencies of heat engines. In so doing, it goes beyond the limitations imposed by the
first law of thermodynamics. It's implications may be visualized in terms of the waterfall
analogy.

3. Define each term and give typical SI and English units


 Power - power is the rate of doing work, the amount of energy transferred per unit time.
Having no direction, it is a scalar quantity. In the International System of Units, the unit
of power is the joule per second (J/s), known as the watt in honour of James Watt, the
eighteenth-century developer of the steam engine condenser. Another common and
traditional measure is horsepower (comparing to the power of a horse). SI unit = watt
(joule/sec) English unit = hp (foot-lb/sec)
Yambao, Allysa Noreen L. Assignment No. 1 Aug. 14, 2018
B.S.E.E./ 5th yr. Prof. Espiritu

 Pressure - Pressure is an expression of force exerted on a surface per unit area. The
standard unit of pressure is the pascal (Pa), equivalent to one newton per meter squared
(N/m 2 or N · m -2). English unit = lbf/𝑓𝑡 2
 Modulus of Elasticity - is a quantity that measures an object or substance's resistance to
being deformed elastically (i.e., non-permanently) when a stress is applied to it. The
elastic modulus of an object is defined as the slope of its stress–strain curve in the elastic
deformation region. SI unit = newton/m2 English unit = psi
 Angular Velocity - the angular velocity of a particle is the rate at which it rotates around
a chosen center point: that is, the time rate of change of its angular displacement relative
𝑟𝑎𝑑
to the origin. SI unit = 𝑠
English unit = N-m
 Energy - Energy is the capacity of a physical system to do work. SI unit = Joule
English unit = (ft⋅lbf or ft⋅lb)
 Moment of a Force - Moments are usually defined with respect to a fixed reference
point; they deal with physical quantities as measured at some distance from that reference
point. For example, the moment of force acting on an object, often called torque, is the
product of the force and the distance from a reference point. SI unit = N-m English unit
= lbf⋅ft
 Momentum - Momentum is a physics term; it refers to the quantity of motion that an
object has. A sports team that is on the move has the momentum. If an object is in motion
(on the move) then it has momentum. SI unit = kg⋅m/s English unit = lbf⋅s, slug⋅ft/s
 Shear Stress - Shear is a directional word referring to forces or stresses. A shear
force goes parallel to the surface of an object or material. A shear stress between two
objects occurs when a force pulls the object along the same plane as the face of the object
abutting another object that is being pulled in the opposite direction. SI unit = N/𝑚2 or
Pa (Pascal) English unit = lbf/𝑓𝑡 2 ^
 Strain - strain is a physical property, when material undergoes deformation within elastic
limit, under static loading.
 Specific Heat - The specific heat is the amount of heat per unit mass required to raise the
temperature by one degree Celsius. SI unit = J/g °Celcius English unit = Btu/lbm-F

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