By Tong Sze Ho Dash

Lab 1.1 Report

Determining the % by mass of the active ingredient in a common
antacid tablet by bel titration

Data Table
Mass / g ±0.001

Antacid tablet powder with beaker 34.211

Beaker 33.440

Antacid tablet powder 0.771

Trials / cm3 ± 0.05

Rough Trial 1st Trial 2nd Trial 3rd Trial

Initial Reading 14.9 27.4 1.2 13.5

Final Reading 27.4 39.65 13.5 25.7

Difference in 12.5 12.25 12.3 12.2

readings

Average 12.25

Qualitative Data

When HCl reacts with antacid tablet powder fizzing sound

effervescence

precipitate at the bottom

When NaOH is added to the solution solution changes to light purple then changes back
to colourless

When it reaches the endpoint solution changes from colourless to pink

Data Processing
HCl (aq) + NaOH (l) —> NaCl (aq) + H2O (l)

c(NaOH) = 0.050 mol dm-3

v(NaOH) = 12.25 mL = 12.25 × 10-3 dm3

∵ c × v = n

∴ n(NaOH) = 0.050 × 12.25 × 10-3 = 6.1 × 10-4 mol

From the equation above, 1 mole of HCl reacts with 1 mole of NaOH,

n(HCl) = n(NaOH) = 6.1 × 10-4 mol

∵ only 25 cm3 (250 ÷ 10) of solution for the volumetric flask is used, the moles of HCl
contained in the amount used should be 10 times in order to retain the no. of moles in
250 cm3 of the mixture.

6.1 × 10-4 × 10 = 6.1 × 10-3 mol

Uncertainties = (0.001 ÷ 10.002 + 1.2 ÷ 5000.0 + 0.05 ÷ 12.25 + 0.03 ÷ 25.0 + 0.03 ÷
250) × 100% = 0.57%

CaCO3 (s) + 2HCl (aq) —> CaCl2 (aq) + CO2 (g) + H2O (l)

v(CaCO3) = 0.080g

m
∵n =

mr
n(CaCO3) = 0.080 ÷ (40.08 + 12.01 + 16.00 × 3) = 8.0 × 10-4 mol (2 s.f.)

From the equation above, 2 mole of HCl reacts with 1 mole of CaCO3,

n(HCl) = 2 × n(CaCO3) = 1.6 × 10-3 mol

NaHCO3 (s) + HCl (aq) —> NaCl (aq) + CO2 (g) + H2O (l)

n(total amount of HCl) = 1.0 × (10 ÷ 1000) = 1 × 10-2 mol

n(HCl) = 1 × 10-2 - 1.6 × 10-3 - 6.1 × 10-3 = 2.3 × 10-3

Uncertainties = (0.02 ÷ 10.0 + 6.1 × 10-3 x 0.57%) = 0.002

From the equation above, 1 mole of HCl reacts with 1 mole of NaHCO3,

n(NaHCO3) = n(HCl) = 2.3 × 10-3 mol

 m
∵n =

mr
m(NaHCO3) = 2.3 × 10-3 × (22.99 + 1.01 + 12.01 + 16.00 × 3) = 0.19 cm3 (2 s.f.)

(NaHCO3) % by mass = 0.19 ÷ 0.771 = 25.1% ± 0.003

Uncertainties = (0.002 ÷ 0.19 + 0.001 ÷ 0.771) = 1.2% = 0.003